PYQS

CH-1
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
1. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} and R be the relation in
A x A defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if a + d = b + c for (a, b), (c, d) in
A x A. Prove that R is an equivalence relation. Also obtain the
equivalence class [(2, 5)] (2014)
Ans. {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7), (5, 8), (6, 9)}
2. Let R be a relation defined on the set of natural numbers N
as follow: R = {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∶ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 24} Find
the domain and range of the relation R. Also, check whether
R is an equivalence relation or not. (2014 )
Ans. Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}
Range of R = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22}
R is not an equivalence relation
3. If R = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8} is a relation on N, write the
range of R. (2014)
Ans. {1, 2, 3}
4. Let R be the equivalence relation in the set
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∶ 2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑎 − 𝑏)}.
Write the equivalence class [0]. (2014)
Ans. {0, 2, 4}
5. If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R is the
relation on N x N defined by (a, b) R (c, d), if
ad(b + c) = bc(a + d). Show that R is an equivalence relation.
(2023, Delhi 2015)
6. Let A = {𝑥 ∈ 𝑍 ∶ 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12}. Show that
R = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∶ 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝐴. |𝑎 − 𝑏| 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 4}, is an
equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to
1. Also write the equivalence class [2]. (2018)
7. Check whether the relation R defined on the set
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as R = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∶ 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 1} is reflexive,
symmetric or transitive. (2019)
8. Show that the relation R on the set Z of all integers, given
by R = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑎 − 𝑏)} is an equivalence relation.
(2019)
9. Show that the relation R on R defined as
R = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 ≤ 𝑏}, is reflexive and transitive but not
symmetric. (2019)
10. Show that the relation S in the set A = {𝑥 ∈ 𝑍: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12}
given by S = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∶ 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑍, |𝑎 − 𝑏| 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 3} is
an equivalence relation. (2019)
11. Let A = {1, 3, 5}. Then the number of equivalence relation
in A containing (1, 3) is (2019)
A 1 B 2 C 3. D4
Ans. b
12. The relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R =
{(1, 2), (2, 1)(1, 1)} is
(a) symmetric and transitive, but not reflexive
(b) reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive
(c) symmetric, but neither reflexive nor transitive
(d) an equivalence relation (2020)
Ans. C
13. check if the relation R in the set R of real numbers
defined as R= {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 < 𝑏} is (i) symmetric
(ii) transitive (2020)
Ans. Transitive but not symmetric
14. let W denote the set of words in the English dictionary.
Define the relation R by R= {(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑊 ×
𝑊 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛}.
Show that this relation R is reflexive and symmetric but not
transitive. (2020)
15. show that the function f:(−∞, 0) → (−1, 0) defined by f(x)
!
= , 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, 0) is one-one and onto. (2020)
"#|!|
16. the number of equivalence relations in the set {1, 2, 3}
containing the elements (1,2) and (2, 1) is (2021)
A0 B1 C2 D 3
Ans. c
17. A RELATION R is defined on N. which of the following is
the reflexive relation (2021)
A R= {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 > 𝑦, 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑁}
B R= {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10, 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑁}
C R= {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟, 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑁}
D R= {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 10, 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑁}
Ans. c
18. the function f:R→ 𝑅 defined by f(x) = 4+3 cosx is (2021)
(A) bijective (B) one-one but not onto
(C) onto but not one-one (D) neither one-one nor onto
Ans. D
19. A relation R is defined on Z as a R b if and only if
a2 - 7ab + 6b2 = 0. Then, R is (2021)
(a) reflexive and symmetric
(b) symmetric but not reflexive
(c) transitive but not reflexive
(d) reflexive but not symmetric
Ans. D
20. the number of functions defined from {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} →
{𝑎, 𝑏} which are one-one is (2021)
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 0
Ans. D
%#"
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
&
21. The function f: N→ 𝑁 is defined by f(n) = Y %
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
&
The function f is (2021)
(a) Bijective (b) one-one but not onto
(c) onto but not one-one (d) neither one-one nor onto
Ans. C
22. if f= {(1,2), (2, 4), (3, 1), (4, 𝑘)} is a one-one function from
set A to A, where A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then find the value of k.
(2021)
Ans. K= 3
23. An equivalence relation R in A divides it into equivalence
classes A1, A2, A3,. What is the value of
𝐴" ∪ 𝐴& ∪ 𝐴' 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴" ∩ 𝐴& ∩ 𝐴' . (2021)
Ans. A and 𝜙
24. check whether the function f: R→ 𝑅 defined as f(x) = x3
is one-one or not. (2021)
25. given a non-empty set X, define the relation R on P(X) as:
for A, B ∈ P(X), (A, B) ∈ R ic A⊂B. Prove that R is reflexive,
transitive and not symmetric (2022)
26. Case Study: An organization conducted bike race under
two dicerent categories -
Boys and girls.
there were 28 categories in all. Among all of them, finally
three from category 1 and two from category 2 were selected
for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these
participants for his college project.
Let B = {𝑏" , 𝑏& , 𝑏' } and G ={𝑔" , 𝑔& }. where B represents
the set of Boys selected and G the set of Girls selected for
the final race.
(i) How many relations are possible from B to G?
(ii) among all the possible relations from B to G,
how many functions can be formed from B to G?
(iii) Let R: 𝐵 → 𝐵be defined by R =
{(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑥 }.
Check if R is an equivalence relation.
OR
A function f: 𝐵 → 𝐺 be defined by
f = {(𝑏" , 𝑔" ), (𝑏& , 𝑔& ), (𝑏' , 𝑔" )}. Check if f is bijective, justify
your answer. (2023)
(
27. Let f: R→ c− d →R be a function
'
(!
defined as f(x) = Show that f is a one-one function. Also,
'!#(
check whether f is a one-one function or not. (2023).