Practical No-1

# Write a program to check a number whether it is palindrome or not.

SOURCE CODE:
num=int(input("Enter a number : "))
n=num res=0 while num>0:
rem=num%10 res=rem+res*10
num=num//10 if res==n:
print("Number is Palindrome")
else:
print("Number is not Palindrome")

Output -

Page 1 of 44
 Practical No

-2
# Write a program to display ASCII code of a character and vice versa.
var=True while
var:
choice=int(input("Press-1 to find the ordinal value of a character \nPress-2
to find a character of a value\n")) if choice==1:
ch=input("Enter a character : ") print(ord(ch))
elif choice==2:
val=int(input("Enter an integer value: ")) print(chr(val))
else:
print("You entered wrong choice")
print("Do you want to continue? Y/N")
option=input() if option=='y' or
option=='Y':
var=True else:
var=False

Output -

Press-1 to find the ordinal value of a character

Press-2 to find a character of a value
1

Page 2 of 44
Enter a character : a
97
Do you want to continue? Y/N
Y
Press-1 to find the ordinal value of a character
Press-2 to find a character of a value
2
Enter an integer value: 65
A
Do you want to continue? Y/N

Page 3 of 44
 Practical No

-3
# Program make a simple calculator
# This function subtracts two numbers def
subtract(x, y):
return x - y
# This function multiplies two numbers
def multiply(x, y): return x * y
# This function divides two numbers
def divide(x, y): return x / y
print("Select operation.")
print("1.Add") print("2.Subtract")
print("3.Multiply") print("4.Divide")
while True:
# take input from the user choice =
input("Enter choice(1/2/3/4): ") # check if
choice is one of the four options if choice
in ('1', '2', '3', '4'):
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: ")) if
choice == '1':

Page 4 of 44
 print(num1, "+", num2, "=", add(num1, num2))
elif choice == '2': print(num1, "-", num2, "=",
subtract(num1, num2)) elif choice == '3':
print(num1, "*", num2, "=", multiply(num1, num2))
elif choice == '4':
print(num1, "/", num2, "=", divide(num1, num2))
# check if user wants another calculation
# break the while loop if answer is no
next_calculation = input("Let's do next calculation? (yes/no): ")
if next_calculation == "no":
break
else:
print("Invalid Input")

Output -
Select operation.
1.Add
2.Subtract
3.Multiply
4.Divide
Enter choice(1/2/3/4): 3
Enter first number: 15
Enter second number: 14
15.0 * 14.0 = 210.0

Page 5 of 44
 Practical No

-4
# Example of Global and Local variables in function

x = "global "
def display():
global x y
= "local" x
=x*2
print(x)
print(y)
display()

Output -

global global local

Page 6 of 44
 Practical No

-5
# Python program to count the number of vowels, consonants, digits and
special characters in a string str = input(“Enter the string : “) vowels = 0
digits = 0 consonants = 0 spaces = 0 symbols = 0 str = str.lower() for i in
range(0, len(str)):
if(str[i] == ‘a’or str[i] == ‘e’ or str[i] == ‘i’
or str[i] == ‘o’ or str[i] == ‘u’): vowels =
vowels + 1 elif((str[i] >= ‘a’and str[i] <=
‘z’)): consonants = consonants + 1 elif(
str[i] >= ‘0’ and str[i] <= ‘9’):
digits = digits + 1 elif
(str[i] ==’ ‘):
spaces = spaces + 1 else:
symbols = symbols + 1 print(“Vowels:
“, vowels); print(“Consonants: “,
consonants);
print(“Digits: “, digits);
print(“White spaces: “, spaces); print(“Symbols
: “, symbols);

Output -
Enter the string : 123 hello world $%&45

Page 7 of 44
Volwels: 3
Consontants: 7
Digits: 5
White spaces: 3
Symbols: 3

Page 8 of 44
 Practical No

-6
# Python Program to add marks and calculate the grade of a student
total=int(input("Enter the maximum mark of a subject: "))
sub1=int(input("Enter marks of the first subject: "))
sub2=int(input("Enter marks of the second subject: "))
sub3=int(input("Enter marks of the third subject: "))
sub4=int(input("Enter marks of the fourth subject: "))
sub5=int(input("Enter marks of the fifth subject: "))
average=(sub1+sub2+sub3+sub4+sub5)/5 print("Average is
",average) percentage=(average/total)*100 print("According to the
percentage, ") if percentage >= 90: print("Grade: A") elif
percentage >= 80 and percentage < 90:
print("Grade: B") elif percentage >= 70
and percentage < 80:
print("Grade: C") elif percentage >= 60
and percentage < 70:
print("Grade: D") else:

Page 9 of 44
 print("Grade: E")
Output -

Enter the maximum mark of a subject: 10

Enter marks of the first subject: 8
Enter marks of the second subject: 7
Enter marks of the third subject: 9
Enter marks of the fourth subject: 6
Enter marks of the fifth subject: 8
Average is 7.6
According to the percentage,
Grade: C

Page 10 of 44
 Practical No

-7
# Generating a List of numbers Using For Loop
import random randomlist = [] for i in
range(0,5):
n = random.randint(1,30)
randomlist.append(n) print(randomlist)

Output -

[10, 5, 21, 1, 17]

Page 11 of 44
 Practical No

-8
# Write a program to read a text file line by line and display each word
separated by '#'.
filein = open("Mydoc.txt",'r') for
line in filein:
word= line .split()
for w in word:
print(w + '#',end ='')
print() filein.close()
OR
fin=open("D:\\python programs\\Book.txt",'r') L1=fin.readlines(
)
s=' ' for i in
range(len(L1)):
L=L1[i].split( ) for j in
L: s=s+j s=s+'#'
print(s) fin.close(
)
Output -
Text in file:
hello how are you? python is
case-sensitive language.
Output in python shell:

Page 12 of 44
 Practical No
#

-9
Read a text file and display the number of vowels/ consonants/ uppercase/
lowercase characters and other than character and digit in the file.
filein = open("Mydoc1.txt",'r')
line = filein.read() count_vow
= 0 count_con = 0 count_low
= 0 count_up = 0 count_digit
= 0 count_other = 0
print(line) for ch in line: if
ch.isupper(): count_up
+=1 if ch.islower():
count_low += 1
if ch in 'aeiouAEIOU':
count_vow += 1 if
ch.isalpha():
count_con += 1
if ch.isdigit():
count_digit += 1 if not ch.isalnum()
and ch !=' ' and ch !='\n':
count_other += 1

Page 13 of 44
print("Digits",count_digit) print("Vowels:
",count_vow) print("Consonants: ",count_con-
count_vow) print("Upper Case: ",count_up)
print("Lower Case: ",count_low) print("other
than letters and digit: ",count_other)

filein.close()

Page 14 of 44
 Practical No
#

-9
Remove all the lines that contain the character `a' in a file and write it to
another file f1 = open("Mydoc.txt") f2 = open("copyMydoc.txt","w") for line
in f1: if 'a' not in line: f2.write(line)
print('## File Copied Successfully! ##')
f1.close() f2.close()
f2 = open("copyMydoc.txt","r") print(f2.read())

Page 15 of 44
#

Practical No-10
Write a Python code to find the size of the file in bytes, the number of lines,
number of words and no. of character.
import os lines = 0 words = 0
letters = 0 filesize = 0 for line
in open("Mydoc.txt"):
lines += 1 letters
+= len(line) # get
the size of file
filesize = os.path.getsize("Mydoc.txt")
# A flag that signals the location outside the word.
pos = 'out' for letter in line:
if letter != ' ' and pos == 'out':
words += 1
pos = 'in' elif
letter == ' ':
pos = 'out'
print("Size of File is",filesize,'bytes')
print("Lines:", lines) print("Words:",
words) print("Letters:", letters)

Page 16 of 44
#

Practical No-11
Create a binary file with the name and roll number. Search for a given roll
number and display the name, if not found display appropriate message.
import pickle

def Writerecord(sroll,sname): with open

('StudentRecord1.dat','ab') as Myfile:
srecord={"SROLL":sroll,"SNAME":sname}
pickle.dump(srecord,Myfile)

def Readrecord(): with open

('StudentRecord1.dat','rb') as Myfile:
print("\n-------DISPALY STUDENTS DETAILS--------")
print("\nRoll No.",' ','Name','\t',end='') print()
while True: try:
rec=pickle.load(Myfile)
print(' ',rec['SROLL'],'\t ' ,rec['SNAME'])
except EOFError: break def Input():
n=int(input("How many records you want to create :"))
for ctr in range(n):
sroll=int(input("Enter Roll No: "))

Page 17 of 44
 sname=input("Enter Name: ")
Writerecord(sroll,sname)

def SearchRecord(roll): with open

('StudentRecord1.dat','rb') as Myfile: while
True: try:
rec=pickle.load(Myfile)
if rec['SROLL']==roll:
print("Roll NO:",rec['SROLL'])
print("Name:",rec['SNAME'])

except EOFError:
print("Record not find..............")
print("Try Again..............") break

def main():

while True:
print('\nYour Choices are: ')
print('1.Insert Records') print('2.Dispaly
Records') print('3.Search Records (By
Roll No)') print('0.Exit (Enter 0 to exit)')
ch=int(input('Enter Your Choice: ')) if

Page 18 of 44
ch==1: Input() elif ch==2:
Readrecord() elif ch==3:
r=int(input("Enter a Rollno to be Search: "))
SearchRecord(r) else: break
main()

Page 19 of 44
Page 20 of 44
 Practical No-12
# Create a binary file with roll number, name and marks. Input a roll number
and update details. Create a binary file with roll number, name and marks.
Input a roll number and update details.
def Writerecord(sroll,sname,sperc,sremark):
with open ('StudentRecord.dat','ab') as Myfile:
srecord={"SROLL":sroll,"SNAME":sname,"SPERC":sperc,
"SREMARKS":sremark}
pickle.dump(srecord,Myfile) def Readrecord():
with open ('StudentRecord.dat','rb') as Myfile:
print("\n-------DISPALY STUDENTS DETAILS--------")
print("\nRoll No.",' ','Name','\t',end='')
print('Percetage',' ','Remarks') while True:
try:
rec=pickle.load(Myfile)
print(' ',rec['SROLL'],'\t ' ,rec['SNAME'],'\t ',end='')
print(rec['SPERC'],'\t ',rec['SREMARKS']) except
EOFError: break def Input():
n=int(input("How many records you want to create :"))
for ctr in range(n):
sroll=int(input("Enter Roll No: "))
sname=input("Enter Name: ")
sperc=float(input("Enter Percentage: "))
sremark=input("Enter Remark: ")
Page 21 of 44
Writerecord(sroll,sname,sperc,sremark) def
Modify(roll): with open
('StudentRecord.dat','rb') as Myfile:
newRecord=[]
while True:
try:
rec=pickle.load(Myfile)
newRecord.append(rec) except
EOFError: break found=1 for
i in range(len(newRecord)): if
newRecord[i]['SROLL']==roll:
name=input("Enter Name: ")
perc=float(input("Enter Percentage: "))
remark=input("Enter Remark: ")
newRecord[i]['SNAME']=name
newRecord[i]['SPERC']=perc
newRecord[i]['SREMARKS']=remark
found =1 else:
found=0
if found==0:
print("Record not found") with open
('StudentRecord.dat','wb') as Myfile: for j in

Page 22 of 44
newRecord: pickle.dump(j,Myfile) def
main(): while True:
print('\nYour Choices are: ') print('1.Insert
Records') print('2.Dispaly Records')
print('3.Update Records') print('0.Exit (Enter 0
to exit)') ch=int(input('Enter Your Choice: '))
if ch==1: Input() elif ch==2:
Readrecord() elif ch==3: r
=int(input("Enter a Rollno to be update: "))
Modify(r) else: break
main()

Page 23 of 44
Page 24 of 44
 Practical No-13
# Write a program to perform read and write operation onto a student.csv file
having fields as roll number, name, stream and percentage.
import csv with
open('Student_Details.csv','w',newline='') as csvf:
writecsv=csv.writer(csvf,delimiter=',')
choice='y' while choice.lower()=='y':
rl=int(input("Enter Roll No.: "))
n=input("Enter Name: ")
p=float(input("Enter Percentage: "))
r=input("Enter Remarks: ")
writecsv.writerow([rl,n,p,r])
print(" Data saved in Student Details file..")
choice=input("Want add more record(y/n).....")

with open('Student_Details.csv','r',newline='') as fileobject:

readcsv=csv.reader(fileobject)
for i in readcsv:
print(i)

Page 25 of 44
 Practical No-14
# Write a program to create a library in python and import it in a program.
#Let's create a package named Mypackage, using the following steps:
#• Create a new folder named NewApp in D drive (D:\NewApp)
#• Inside NewApp, create a subfolder with the name 'Mypackage'.
#• Create an empty __init__.py file in the Mypackage folder
#• Create modules Area.py and Calculator.py in Mypackage folder with following
code

# Area.py Module
import math def
rectangle(s1,s2):
area = s1*s2
return area

def circle(r):
area= math.pi*r*r
return area

def square(s1):
area = s1*s1
return area

Page 26 of 44
def triangle(s1,s2):
area=0.5*s1*s2 return area

# Calculator.py Module
def sum(n1,n2): s=
n1 + n2 return s def
sub(n1,n2): r = n1 -
n2 return r def
mult(n1,n2): m=
n1*n1 return m def
div(n1,n2): d=n1/n2
return d
# main() function from Mypackage
import Area from Mypackage
import Calculator def main():
r = float(input("Enter Radius: ")) area
=Area.circle(r) print("The Area of Circle
is:",area) s1 = float(input("Enter side1 of
rectangle: ")) s2 = float(input("Enter side2 of
rectangle: ")) area = Area.rectangle(s1,s2)
print("The Area of Rectangle is:",area)
s1 = float(input("Enter side1 of triangle: "))
s2 = float(input("Enter side2 of triangle: "))
area = Area.triangle(s1,s2)
Page 27 of 44
 print("The Area of TriRectangle is:",area)
s = float(input("Enter side of square: "))
area =Area.square(s)
print("The Area of square is:",area) num1 =
float(input("\nEnter First number :")) num2 =
float(input("\nEnter second number :")) print("\nThe Sum is :
",Calculator.sum(num1,num2)) print("\nThe Multiplication is :
",Calculator.mult(num1,num2)) print("\nThe sub is :
",Calculator.sub(num1,num2)) print("\nThe Division is :
",Calculator.div(num1,num2)) main()

Page 28 of 44
 Practical No-15
# Take a sample of ten phishing e-mails (or any text file) and find the most
commonly occurring word(s). def Read_Email_File(): import collections
fin = open('email.txt','r') a= fin.read() d={ }
L=a.lower().split()
for word in L:
word = word.replace(".","")
word = word.replace(",","")
word = word.replace(":","")
word = word.replace("\"","")
word = word.replace("!","")
word = word.replace("&","")
word = word.replace("*","")
for k in L: key=k if key
not in d:
count=L.count(key)
d[key]=count
n = int(input("How many most common words to print: "))
print("\nOK. The {} most common words are as follows\n".format(n))
word_counter = collections.Counter(d)
for word, count in word_counter.most_common(n):
print(word, ": ", count) fin.close()

Page 29 of 44
#Driver Code def
main():
Read_Email_File()
main()

Page 30 of 44
 Practical No-16
# Write a python program to implement a stack using a list data-structure.
def isempty(stk): if stk==[]:
return True
else:
return False

def push(stk,item):
stk.append(item) top=len(stk)-1

def pop(stk): if
isempty(stk):
return "underflow"
else:
item=stk.pop()
if len(stk)==0:
top=None else:
top=len(stk)-1
return item

def peek(stk):

Page 31 of 44
 if isempty(stk):
return "underflow"
else:
top=len(stk)-1
return stk[top]

def display(stk):
if isempty(stk):
print('stack is empty')
else:
top=len(stk)-1
print(stk[top],'<-top') for
i in range(top-1,-1,-1):
print(stk[i])

#Driver Code

def main():
stk=[]
top=None while True:
print('''stack operation
1.push
2.pop

Page 32 of 44
 3.peek
4.display
5.exit''')
choice=int (input('enter choice:'))
if choice==1:
item=int(input('enter item:'))
push(stk,item) elif choice==2:
item=pop(stk) if
item=="underflow":
print('stack is underflow') else:
print('poped') elif
choice==3: item=peek(stk)
if item=="underflow":
print('stack is underflow')
else:
print('top most item is:',item)
elif choice==4: display(stk)
elif choice==5:
break
else:
print('invalid')
exit()
main()

Page 33 of 44
 Practical No-17
# Write a program to implement a queue using a list data structure.

# Function to check Queue is empty or not

def isEmpty(qLst): if len(qLst)==0:
return 1
else:
return 0

# Function to add elements in Queue

def Enqueue(qLst,val):
qLst.append(val) if len(qLst)==1:
front=rear=0 else:
rear=len(qLst)-1

# Function to Delete elements in Queue

def Dqueue(qLst): if isEmpty(qLst):
return "UnderFlow"
else:
val = qLst.pop(0)
if len(qLst)==0:

Page 34 of 44
front=rear=None
return val

# Function to Display top element of Queue

def Peek(qLst): if isEmpty(qLst):
return "UnderFlow"
else:
front=0
return qLst[front]

# Function to Display elements of Queue

def Display(qLst): if isEmpty(qLst):
print("No Item to Dispay in Queue....")
else:
tp = len(qLst)-1
print("[FRONT]",end=' ')
front = 0 i = front
rear = len(qLst)-1
while(i<=rear):
print(qLst[i],'<-',end=' ')
i += 1 print()

Page 35 of 44
# Driver function
def main():
qList = [] front
= rear = 0
while True:
print()
print("##### QUEUE OPERATION #####")
print("1. ENQUEUE ") print("2. DEQUEUE
") print("3. PEEK ") print("4.
DISPLAY ") print("0. EXIT ")
choice = int(input("Enter Your Choice: "))
if choice == 1:
ele = int(input("Enter element to insert"))
Enqueue(qList,ele) elif choice == 2:
val = Dqueue(qList)
if val == "UnderFlow":
print("Queue is Empty")
else:
print("\n Deleted Element was : ",val)

elif choice==3:
val = Peek(qList)
if val == "UnderFlow":

Page 36 of 44
 print("Queue is Empty")
else:
print("Item at Front: ",val)

elif choice==4:
Display(qList) elif
choice==0:
print("Good Luck......")
break

main()

Page 37 of 44
 Practical No-18

SQL
Create a table EMPLOYEE with constraints
SOLUTION
Step-1 Create a database:
CREATE DATABASE Bank;
Step-2 Display the databases
SHOW DATABASES;
Step-3: Enter into database
Use Bank;
Step-4: Create the table EMPLOYEE
create table Employee(Ecode int primary key,Ename varchar(20) NOT NULL,
Dept varchar(15),City varchar(15), sex char(1), DOB date, Salary float(12,2));

Insert data into the table

SOLUTION
insert into Employee values(1001,"Atul","Production","Vadodara","M","1992-
10-23",23000.50);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)
Note: Insert more rows as per above insert command.

Page 38 of 44
Add a new column in a table.
SOLUTION
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD address varchar(50);
Change the data-type and size of an existing column.
SOLUTION
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE MODIFY city char(30);
Write SQL queries using SELECT, FROM, WHERE clause based on EMPLOYEE
table.
1. List the name of female employees in EMPLOYEE table.
Solution:-
SELECT Ename FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE sex=’F’;
2. Display the name and department of those employees who work in surat
and salary is greater than 25000.
Solution:-
SELECT Ename, Dept FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE city=’surat’ and salary > 25000;
3. Display the name of those female employees who work in Mumbai.
Solution:-
SELECT Ename FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE sex=’F’ and city=’Mumbai’; 4.
Display the name of those employees whose department is marketing or
RND.
Solution:-
SELECT Ename FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE Dept=’marketing’ OR Dept=’RND’
5. List the name of employees who are not males.

Page 39 of 44
Solution:-
SELECT Ename, Sex FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE sex!=’M’;

Queries using DISTINCT, BETWEEN, IN, LIKE, IS NULL, ORDER BY,

GROUP BY, HAVING
A. Display the name of departments. Each department should be displayed
once.
SOLUTION
SELECT DISTINCT(Dept) FROM EMPLOYEE;
B. Find the name and salary of those employees whose salary is between
35000 and 40000.
SOLUTION
SELECT Ename, salary FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE salary BETWEEN 35000 and
40000;
C. Find the name of those employees who live in guwahati, surat or jaipur
city. SOLUTION
SELECT Ename, city FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE city IN(‘Guwahati’,’Surat’,’Jaipur’);
D. Display the name of those employees whose name starts with ‘M’.
SOLUTION
SELECT Ename FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE Ename LIKE ‘M%’;
E. List the name of employees not assigned to any department.
SOLUTION
SELECT Ename FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE Dept IS NULL;

Page 40 of 44
F. Display the list of employees in descending order of employee code.
SOLUTION
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY ecode DESC;

G. Find the average salary at each department.

SOLUTION
SELECT Dept, avg(salary) FROM EMPLOYEE group by Dept;
H.Find maximum salary of each department and display the name of that
department which has maximum salary more than 39000.
SOLUTION
SELECT Dept, max(salary) FROM EMPLOYEE group by Dept HAVING
max(salary)>39000;
Queries for Aggregate functions- SUM( ), AVG( ), MIN( ), MAX( ), COUNT( )
a. Find the average salary of the employees in employee table.
Solution:-
SELECT avg(salary) FROM EMPLOYEE;
b. Find the minimum salary of a female employee in EMPLOYEE table.
Solution:-
SELECT Ename, min(salary) FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE sex=’F’;
c. Find the maximum salary of a male employee in EMPLOYEE table.
Solution:-
SELECT Ename, max(salary) FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE sex=’M’;
d. Find the total salary of those employees who work in Guwahati city.
Page 41 of 44
Solution:-
SELECT sum(salary) FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE city=’Guwahati’;
e. Find the number of tuples in the EMPLOYEE relation.
Solution:- SELECT count(*) FROM EMPLOYEE

Practical No-19
# Write a program to connect Python with MySQL using database connectivity
and perform the following operations on data in database: Fetch, Update and
delete the data.
A. CREATE A TABLE
SOLUTION
import mysql.connector
demodb = mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost", user="root",
passwd="computer", database="EDUCATION") democursor=demodb.cursor(
)
democursor.execute("CREATE TABLE STUDENT (admn_no int primary key,
sname varchar(30), gender char(1), DOB date, stream varchar(15), marks
float(4,2))")
B. INSERT THE DATA
SOLUTION
import mysql.connector

Page 42 of 44
demodb = mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost", user="root",
passwd="computer", database="EDUCATION") democursor=demodb.cursor(
)
democursor.execute("insert into student values (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",
(1245, 'Arush', 'M', '2003-10-04', 'science', 67.34)) demodb.commit(
)
C. FETCH THE DATA
SOLUTION
import mysql.connector
demodb = mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost", user="root",
passwd="computer", database="EDUCATION") democursor=demodb.cursor(
)
democursor.execute("select * from student")
for i in democursor: print(i)
D. UPDATE THE RECORD
SOLUTION
import mysql.connector
demodb = mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost", user="root",
passwd="computer", database="EDUCATION") democursor=demodb.cursor(
)
democursor.execute("update student set marks=55.68 where admn_no=1356")
demodb.commit( )

Page 43 of 44
E. DELETE THE DATA
SOLUTION
import mysql.connector
demodb = mysql.connector.connect(host="localhost", user="root",
passwd="computer", database="EDUCATION") democursor=demodb.cursor(
)
democursor.execute("delete from student where admn_no=1356")
demodb.commit()

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