Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

1. What are the different characteristics of a Computer?

Answer – The different characteristics of a computer are –

a. Speed – Computers are their ability to process data and instructions at a very
high speed.

b. Versatility – is the ability of a computer to do a variety of jobs at the same

time.

c. Accuracy – Not only does the machine perform varied jobs with high speed, but
also does them with high precision and accuracy.

d. Diligence – Another noteworthy feature of computers is its ability to perform

the same task repeatedly over and over again without getting bored.

e. Memory – One of the notable features of a computer is its memory. However,

the computer’s main memory is volatile, i.e., it is lost when we switch off the
computer.

f. Storage – Huge amounts of data and information can be stored in a computer

for future retrieval. The human memory is limited and fades away with time,
which is not true for a computer.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

2. What are the different memories in the computer system?

Answer – There are two different type of memory in computer system –
a. Primary Memory
b. Secondary memory

Primary Memory – Data stored in Primary Memory is directly accessible by the

CPU. The inputs received in the above steps are stored in the computer memory,
called random access memory (RAM). This storage is relatively fast and expensive
as compared to the secondary storage.

Secondary Memory – The memory which is external to the computer system

forms the secondary storage, for example, the magnetic tapes, compact disks, pen
drives are all examples of the secondary storage. These are not directly connected
to the CPU.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

3. What are the different types of RAM?
Answer – RAM is a temporary storage device it is also known as Volatile memory.
RAM is divided into two type –

DRAM
SRAM

4. What is the difference between SRAM and DRAM?

Answer – SRAM is a memory semiconductor that is more energy-efficient and
faster than DRAM. A memory device called a DRAM can store more data than an
SRAM chip, but it also consumes more power.

5. What is Cache Memory?

Answer – Cache memory is a particularly fast memory that helps the CPU keep
up with its high speed. It serves as a buffer and is often positioned between the
CPU and primary memory. It is quite pricey but decreases the average access time
to data from the main memory.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

6. Briefly describe the roles of the ALU and CU?

Answer –
ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit is referred to as ALU. It is a crucial component of the
CPU. It does all fundamental arithmetic operations, including addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as logical operations.

CU – Control Unit is referred to as CU. It is one of the CPU’s core components.

Choosing the most effective approach to work is the major responsibility of the
CU. It directs all associated operations to the various processing components.

7. Establish a distinction between input and output devices.

Answer – An output device is connected to a computer that receives incoming
data, whereas an input device is connected to a computer that puts out data to the
computer. The output device copies or displays the data that was sent by the
input device to the computer for processing.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

8. Describe the function of cache memory.

Answer – The effectiveness of data retrieval is increased by cache memory, which
is crucial. It saves information that the CPU will probably need later on, such as
data or programme instructions, that are frequently employed in the execution of
programmes.

9. Describe the computer’s storage components.

Answer – A storage device is any piece of computer hardware that is used to
store, transfer, or extract data files and objects. Information can be temporarily
or permanently stored by storage devices. They could be internal to a computer,
server, or other computing equipment or external.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

10. Write a short note on Optical storage devices?

Answer – Low-power laser beams are used in optical storage, an electronic
storage media, to store and retrieve digital (binary) data. In optical storage
technology, a laser beam creates tiny pits that are placed in a spiral pattern on
the surface of an optical, or laser, disc to encode digital data.

11. Explain the role of the Power Supply Unit.

Answer – A power supply unit (PSU) transforms mains AC electricity into low-
voltage, regulated DC power for a computer’s internal components. Switched-
mode power supply are used in every modern personal computer.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

12. List the various functions of an operating system.

Answer – The various functions of an operating system are –

a. Communication manager – The operating system handles the system’s

communication requirements, whether they include connecting to the internet or
peripheral devices.

b. Resource Management – The management of a computer system’s resources

has a significant impact on how well it functions. The resources we discuss in this
article include the computer’s memory, CPU time, files, secondary storage,
input/output devices, and more.

c. Process Management – A programme that is now running in memory or

waiting for the CPU is referred to as a process. There are numerous processes
running simultaneously in a computer. All of the processes running on the
computer are managed, regulated, and scheduled by the OS.

d. Memory Management – The memory management section of an operating

system dynamically allocates memory to the processes as needed and releases it
when not in use.

e. File Management – All of the files and folders (directories) kept on the
computer drive are taken care of by the operating system. The fundamental
operations that a user must carry out on files include creating, renaming,
deleting, copying, and relocating files and folders.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

13. Compare batch processing systems and multiprogramming systems?

Answer – Multiprogramming is the capacity of an operating system to run
numerous programmes at the same time on a single processor machine. Batch
processing is the grouping of several processing jobs to be completed one after
another by a computer without any human input.

14 What is FAT? Give an example.

Answer – The file system known as File Allocation Table (FAT) was created for
hard drives and at first used 12 or 16 bits for each cluster item. The operating
system (OS) makes use of it to control files on hard drives and in other computer
systems.
Example of FAT file system are – FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

15. List some common troubleshooting steps that you should keep in mind.
Answer – Some of the common troubleshooting steps are –
a. Uninstall unnecessary file from the computer system
b. Always keep your antivirus update
c. Always use disk cleanup for temporary file
d. Remove unwanted files and folders from the system
e. Use defragmentation

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

16. What steps would you take if the monitor is not showing any display, or
the screen is blank?
Answer – If monitor is not showing any display then we have to take following
steps –
a. Check the cable connection
b. Check weather computer led light is ON or OFF
c. If laptop check weather laptop is not in sleep mode

17. What would you do when your keyboard or mouse is not responding/
working properly?
Answer – If keyboard or mouse is not responding properly then follow the
following steps –
a. Unplug USB cables and wait for some minutes
b. Try to use any other USB port
c. Check whether keyboard or mouse LED is On or OFF
d. If wireless, Check the battery

18. What troubleshooting step will you take when the printer is not
responding?
Answer – If printer is not responding follow the following steps –
a. The printer is not connected properly or not switched on
b. The printer is Out of Paper
c. Check whether printer paper is Jam
d. Incorrect Printer Driver
Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

19. How can you check the IP address of a printer connected through a
wireless connection?
Answer –
Step 1 : Open the devices and printer dialog box by clicking
Start button >> Control Panel >> Hardware and Sound >> Device Printers
Step 2 : Select the Printer
Step 3 : Run the HP Print Assistant
Step 4 : Click on the Utilities icon to get the printer utilities screen
Step 5 : Run the “Update IP Address” utility
Step 6 : Press the Wireless button or touch the wireless icon on the printer
display

20. What steps do you need to take to change the default printer?
Answer – To change the Default Printer, open the devices and printer dialog box.
Click Start button >> Control Panel >> Hardware and Sound >> Devices and
Printers.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

21. What could be the reasons for the print jobs being sent to the wrong
printer?
Answer – When there are multiple printers on a network, a possible problem
could be that a print job is being sent to the wrong printer. This is because your
system has set the default printer as Printer A, but you had actually wanted the
print job to go to Printer B. You could either change the default printer to Printer
B or choose Printer B for the current job.

22.. What checks would you undertake when the speaker is not working?
Answer – If speaker is not working then you can take following steps –
a. Check Speaker Volume
b. Check Audio Player Controls
c. Check the cables
d. Check the sound using headphones

23. What are the troubleshooting steps taken when an application freezes?
Answer – Sometimes an application may freeze. When this happens, you will not
be able to close the window or click any button within the application. The
following troubleshooting options may be tried:
a. Forcefully End the Application
b. Restart the computer

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

24. What could be the possible cause for all the applications to be running
slow?
Answer – The possible cause for all the applications running slow are –
a. Viruses are affected in the computer
b. Free space on the hard drive
c. Run a Disk Cleanup application
d. Delete unused files and programs
e. Empty your recycle bin
f. Remove Temporary files

25. How can one free disk space on the computer?

Answer – There should be at least 200-500 MB of free hard drive space on your
system. Non-availability of free space slows the functioning of the computer. To
create free space on the computer do the following –
a. Run a Disk CleanUp application
b. Delete Unused Files and Programs
c. Empty Your Recycle Bin
d. Remove Temporary File

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

26. How do we remove temporary files?

Answer – To delete temporary files from the computer do the following –
Step 1 : Click on Search
Step 2 : Write %temp% and press enter
Step 3 : Delete all files and folder

27. Why is disk defragmentation required? How can we achieve disk

defragmentation?
Answer – The information in our files changes frequently. This results in gaps or
spaces in the file stored in memory (hard disk). The file thus takes more space on
the computer, and may cause the computer to slow down. You need to run a Disk
Defragmentation program to reclaim these gaps in
space. This can be achieved as follows.
− Open the Windows Explorer Application and click on My Computer.
− Highlight the C drive and right click to get a pop-up menu.
− Select the Properties option from this popup Menu.
− The dialog box showing the properties of the local disk (C:) is displayed
– Click on defragmentation

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

28. What steps do we take to remove unused shortcuts and program services?
Answer – Old or unused programs that are not being used may still have
components running behind the scenes when you start your computer. This can
slow down the system. To prevent these programs from running when your
computer starts, turn off unused program services. For this purpose, from
the Windows startup, click Start button > All Programs > Startup. Right-click the
shortcuts that you do not need and click Delete

29. How can we check the network connectivity of your system?

Answer – A common problem is that you are unable to open a web page that you
had requested. This could be because you are unable to connect to the Internet. To
check the internet connection, view the Network icon (triangular in shape). This
is on the Taskbar (bottom right of the screen).

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

30. Explain how you would check the validity of the IP address.
Answer – First check the validity of the IP address of your system. In the bottom
left corner of your Windows screen click Start. In the Search box type CMD and
press Enter in the command prompt write IPCONFIG and press enter.

31. How will you check whether the network fly lead is working properly?
Answer – The fly lead is the cable that connects the network card in your
computer to a network point (usually on the wall). A non-operational network fly
lead could also cause failure in the internet connection. The network fly lead is
seated in the network slot on your computer.

Computer Organization Class 11 Question and Answer

32. Describe the procedure to check whether the network card is working
properly .
Answer – A working network card is essential to connect to the Internet. The
network card lights must be flashing or lit up. If there are no lights, either the
network card is broken, or there is no network to connect to. A broken network
card needs repair or replacement.