Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 1
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
STEEL COLUMN AND BASE PLATE DESIGN (EN1993)
STEEL COLUMN DESIGN
In accordance with EN1993-1-1:2005 incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and April 2009 and the UK national
annex
Partial factors - Section 6.1
Resistance of cross-sections; M0 = 1
Resistance of members to instability; M1 = 1
Resistance of cross-sections in tension to fracture; M2 = 1.1
6.8
UC 152x152x23 (BS4-1)
Section depth, h, 152.4 mm
Section breadth, b, 152.2 mm
Mass of section, Mass, 23 kg/m
Flange thickness, tf, 6.8 mm
Web thickness, tw, 5.8 mm
Root radius, r, 7.6 mm
Area of section, A, 2925 mm2
Radius of gyration about y-axis, yi , 65.372 mm
152.4
Radius of gyration about z-axis, zi , 36.979 mm
Elastic section modulus about y-axis, Wel.y, 164016 mm3
Elastic section modulus about z-axis, Wel.z, 52552 mm3
5.8 Plastic section modulus about y-axis, Wpl.y, 181982 mm3
Plastic section modulus about z-axis, Wpl.z, 80156 mm3
Second moment of area about y-axis, Iy, 12498039 mm4
Second moment of area about z-axis, Iz, 3999186 mm4
6.8
152.2
Column details
Column section UC 152x152x23
Steel grade S275
Yield strength fy = 275 N/mm2
Ultimate strength fu = 410 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity E = 210 kN/mm2
Poisson’s ratio = 0.3
Shear modulus G = E / [2 (1 + )] = 80.8 kN/mm2
Column geometry
System length for buckling - Major axis Ly = 3500 mm
System length for buckling - Minor axis Lz = 3500 mm
The column is not part of a sway frame in the direction of the minor axis
The column is not part of a sway frame in the direction of the major axis
Column loading
Axial load NEd = 133 kN (Compression)
Major axis moment at end 1 - Bottom My,Ed1 = 15.6 kNm
Major axis moment at end 2 - Top My,Ed2 = 0.0 kNm
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 2
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
Major axis bending is single curvature
Minor axis moment at end 1 - Bottom Mz,Ed1 = 0.0 kNm
Minor axis moment at end 2 - Top Mz,Ed2 = 0.0 kNm
Major axis shear force Vy,Ed = 5 kN
Minor axis shear force Vz,Ed = 0 kN
Buckling length for flexural buckling - Major axis
End restraint factor; Ky = 1.000
Buckling length; Lcr_y = Ly Ky = 3500 mm
Buckling length for flexural buckling - Minor axis
End restraint factor; Kz = 1.000
Buckling length; Lcr_z = Lz Kz = 3500 mm
Web section classification (Table 5.2)
Coefficient depending on fy; = (235 N/mm2 / fy) = 0.924
Depth between fillets; cw = h - 2 (tf + r) = 123.6 mm
Ratio of c/t; ratiow = cw / tw = 21.31
Length of web taken by axial load; lw = min(NEd / (fy tw), cw) =83.6 mm
For class 1 & 2 proportion in compression; = (cw/2 + lw/2) / cw = 0.838
Limit for class 1 web; Limit1w = (396 ) / (13 - 1) = ;37.00
The web is class 1
Flange section classification (Table 5.2)
Outstand length; cf = (b - tw) / 2 - r = ;65.6; mm
Ratio of c/t; ratiof = cf / tf = 9.65
Limit for class 1 flange; Limit1f = 9 = 8.32
Limit for class 2 flange; Limit2f = 10 = 9.24
Limit for class 3 flange; Limit3f = 14 = 12.94
The flange is class 3
Overall section classification
The section is class 3
Resistance of cross section (cl. 6.2)
Shear - Major axis (cl. 6.2.6)
Design shear force; Vy,Ed = 5.0 kN
Shear area; Avy = max((h - 2tf) tw, A - 2 b tf + (tw + 2 r) tf) = ;997; mm2
Plastic shear resistance; Vpl,y,Rd = Avy (fy / (3)) / M0 = 158.4 kN
Vy,Ed / Vpl,y,Rd = 0.032
PASS - Shear resistance exceeds the design shear force
Vy,Ed <= 0.5Vpl,y,Rd - No reduction in fy required for bending/axial force
Compression (cl. 6.2.4)
Design force; NEd = 133 kN
Design resistance; Nc,Rd = Npl,Rd = A fy / M0 = 804 kN
NEd / Nc,Rd = 0.166
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 3
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
PASS - The compression design resistance exceeds the design force
Bending - Major axis (cl. 6.2.5)
Design bending moment; My,Ed = max(abs(My,Ed1), abs(My,Ed2)) = 15.6 kNm
Section modulus; W y = W el.y = ;164.0; cm3
Design resistance; Mc,y,Rd = W y fy / M0 = 45.1 kNm
My,Ed / Mc,y,Rd = 0.347
PASS - The bending design resistance exceeds the design moment
Combined bending and axial load (cl. 6.2.1(7))
Section utilisation at end 1; URCS_1 = NEd/Nc,Rd + abs(My,Ed1)/Mc,y,Rd + abs(Mz,Ed1)/Mc,z,Rd = 0.512
Section utilisation at end 2; URCS_2 = NEd/Nc,Rd + abs(My,Ed2)/Mc,y,Rd + abs(Mz,Ed2)/Mc,z,Rd = 0.166
PASS - The cross-section resistance is adequate
Buckling resistance (cl. 6.3)
Yield strength for buckling resistance; fy = 275 N/mm2
Flexural buckling - Major axis
Elastic critical buckling force; Ncr,y = 2 E Iy / Lcr_y2 = 2115 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; y = (A fy / Ncr,y) = 0.617
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); b
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); y = 0.34
Parameter ; y = 0.5 [1 + y (y - 0.2) +y2] = 0.761
Reduction factor; y = min(1.0, 1 / [y + (y2 -y2)]) = 0.829
Design buckling resistance; Nb,y,Rd = y A fy / M1 = 666.4 kN
NEd / Nb,y,Rd = 0.2
PASS - The flexural buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Flexural buckling - Minor axis
Elastic critical buckling force; Ncr,z = 2 E Iz / Lcr_z2 = 677 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; z = (A fy / Ncr,z) = 1.090
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); c
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); z = 0.49
Parameter ; z = 0.5 [1 + z (z - 0.2) +z2] = 1.312
Reduction factor; z = min(1.0, 1 / [z + (z2 -z2)]) = 0.489
Design buckling resistance; Nb,z,Rd = z A fy / M1 = 393.7 kN
NEd / Nb,z,Rd = 0.339
PASS - The flexural buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Torsional and torsional-flexural buckling (cl. 6.3.1.4)
Torsional buckling length factor; KT = 1.00
Effective buckling length; Lcr_T = KT max(Ly, Lz) = 3500 mm
; ;;
Distance from shear ctr to centroid along major axis; y0 = ;0.0; mm
Distance from shear ctr to centroid along minor axis; z0 = 0.0 mm
i0 = (iy2 + iz2 2 2
+ y0 + z0 ) = 75.1 mm
T = 1 - (y0 / i0)2 = 1.000
Elastic critical torsional buckling force; Ncr,T = 1 / i02 (G It + 2 E Iw / Lcr_T2) = 1299 kN
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 4
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
Elastic critical torsional-flexural buckling force; Ncr,TF = Ncr,y/(2T)[1+Ncr,T/Ncr,y-[(1-Ncr,T/Ncr,y)2 + 4(y0/i0)2Ncr,T/Ncr,y]]
Ncr,TF = 1299 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; T = (A fy / min(Ncr,T, Ncr,TF)) = 0.787
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); c
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); T = 0.49
Parameter ; T = 0.5 [1 + T (T - 0.2) +T2] = 0.953
Reduction factor; T = min(1.0, 1 / [T + (T2 -T2)]) = 0.670
Design buckling resistance; Nb,T,Rd = T A fy / M1 = 539.2 kN
NEd / Nb,T,Rd = 0.247
PASS - The torsional/torsional-flexural buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Minimum buckling resistance
Minimum buckling resistance; Nb,Rd = min(Nb,y,Rd, Nb,z,Rd, Nb,T,Rd) = 393.7 kN
NEd / Nb,Rd = 0.339
PASS - The axial load buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Buckling resistance moment (cl.6.3.2.1)
Lateral torsional buckling length factor; KLT = 1.00
Effective buckling length; Lcr_LT = KLT Lz = 3500 mm
End moment factor; = My,Ed2 / My,Ed1 = ;0.000
Moment distribution correction factor (Table 6.6); kc = 1 / (1.33 - 0.33 ) = 0.752
C1 = 1 / kc2 = 1.769
Curvature factor; g = [1 - (Iz / Iy)] = 0.825
Poissons ratio; = 0.3
Shear modulus; G = E / [2 (1 + )] = 80769 N/mm2
Elastic critical buckling moment; Mcr = C1 2 E Iz [Iw / Iz + Lcr_LT2 G It /(2 E Iz)]/(Lcr_LT2g)
Mcr = 151.1 kNm
Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling; LT = [W y fy / Mcr] =0.546
Limiting slenderness ratio; LT,0 = 0.40
Correction factor for rolled sections; r = 0.75
Buckling curve (Table 6.5); b
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); LT = 0.34
Parameter LT; LT = 0.5 [1 + LT (LT -LT,0) +r LT2] = 0.637
Reduction factor; LT = min(1.0, 1/LT2, 1 / [LT + (LT2 - r LT2)]) = 0.941
Modification factor; f = min(1 - 0.5 (1 - kc) [1 - 2 (LT - 0.8)2], 1) = 0.892
Modified LTB reduction factor - eq 6.58; LT,mod = min(LT / f, 1, 1/LT2) = 1.000
Design buckling resistance moment; Mb,Rd = LT,mod W y fy / M1 = 45.1 kNm
Design bending moment; My,Ed = max(abs(My,Ed1), abs(My,Ed2)) = 15.6 kNm
My,Ed / Mb,Rd = 0.347
PASS - The design buckling resistance moment exceeds the maximum design moment
Combined bending and axial compression (cl. 6.3.3)
Characteristic resistance to normal force; NRk = A fy = 804 kN
Characteristic moment resistance - Major axis; My,Rk = W el.y fy = ;45.1; kNm
Characteristic moment resistance - Minor axis; Mz,Rk = W el.z fy = ;14.5; kNm
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 5
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
y = if(abs(My,Ed1)<=abs(My,Ed2), My,Ed1 / if(My,Ed2>=0 kNm,max(My,Ed2,0.0001 kNm),My,Ed2), My,Ed2 / if(My,Ed1>=0
kNm,max(My,Ed1,0.0001 kNm),My,Ed1)) = 0.000
Moment distribution factor - Major axis; y = My,Ed2 / My,Ed1 = ;0.000
Moment factor - Major axis; Cmy = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4 y) = 0.600
Moment distribution factor - Minor axis; z = Mz,Ed1 / Mz,Ed2 = ;0.000
Moment factor - Minor axis; Cmz = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4 z) = 0.600
Moment distribution factor for LTB; LT = My,Ed2 / My,Ed1 = ;0.000
Moment factor for LTB; CmLT = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4 LT) = 0.600
Interaction factor kyy; kyy = Cmy [1 + min(0.6, 0.6 y) NEd / (y NRk / M1)] = 0.644
Interaction factor kzy; kzy = 1 - min(0.05, 0.05 z)NEd / ((CmLT-0.25)(zNRk/M1)) = 0.952
Interaction factor kzz; kzz = Cmz [1 + min(0.6, 0.6 z) NEd / (z NRk / M1)] = 0.722
Interaction factor kyz; kyz = kzz = 0.722
Section utilisation; URB_1 = NEd / (y NRk / M1) + kyy My,Ed / (LT My,Rk / M1) + kyz Mz,Ed / (Mz,Rk / M1)
URB_1 = 0.437
URB_2 = NEd / (z NRk / M1) + kzy My,Ed / (LT My,Rk / M1) + kzz Mz,Ed / (Mz,Rk / M1)
URB_2 = 0.689
PASS - The buckling resistance is adequate
COLUMN BASE PLATE DESIGN
In accordance with EN1993-1-1:2005 incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and April 2009, and EN1993-1-8:2005
incorporating Corrigenda December 2005, September 2006 and July 2009, and the UK national annex
250
30 30 15.63 kNm
30
30
5 kN
133.3 kN
250
10
Design forces
Design axial force (compression); NEd = 133.3 kN
Design shear force; VEd = 5 kN
Design moment; MEd = 15.6 kNm
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 6
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
Column Details
Column section; UC 152x152x23
Depth; D = 152.4 mm
Width; B = 152.2 mm
Flange thickness; T = 6.8 mm
Web thickness; t = 5.8 mm
Base plate details
Length; hp = 250 mm
Width; bp = 250 mm
Thickness; tp = 10 mm
Column eccentricity in x-axis; ebpx = 0 mm
Anchor details
Number of anchors LHS; n1 = 2
Edge distance in x-axis; ex1 = 30 mm
Edge distance in y-axis; ey1 = 30 mm
Number of anchors RHS; n2 = 2
Edge distance in x-axis; ex2 = 30 mm
Edge distance in the y-axis; ey2 = 30 mm
Anchor diameter; da,b = 16 mm
Foundation details
Foundation depth; tfnd = 300 mm
Concrete details
Concrete strength class; C25/30
Characteristic compressive cylinder strength; fck = 25 N/mm2
Characteristic compressive cube strength; fck,cube = 30 N/mm2
Partial factor for concrete; c = 1.50
Compressive strength coefficient; cc = 0.85
Design compressive concrete strength; fcd = cc (fck / c) = 14.17 N/mm2
Steel details
Base plate steel grade; S275
Base plate nominal yield strength; fyp_plt = 275 N/mm2
Base plate nominal ultimate tensile strength; fu_plt = 410 N/mm2
Column steel grade; S275
Column nominal yield strength; fyp_col = 275 N/mm2
Column nominal ultimate tensile strength; fu_col = 410 N/mm2
Partial safety factor cross sections; M0 = 1.00
Partial safety factor welds; M2 = 1.25
Tension and compression lever arms
LHS compressive lever arm - Fig 6.18; zC,l = (D - T) / 2 = 72.8 mm
RHS compressive lever arm - Fig 6.18; zC,r = (D - T) / 2 = 72.8 mm
LHS tension lever arm - Fig 6.18; zT,l = hp / 2 + ebpx - ex1 = 95 mm
RHS tension lever arm - Fig 6.18; zT,r = hp / 2 - ebpx - ex2 = 95 mm
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 7
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
Design forces in T-stubs
Force in left hand T-stub; NL,T = NEd zC,r / (zT,l + zC,r) - MEd / (zT,l + zC,r) = -35.3 kN; (Tension)
Force in right hand T-stub; NR,T = NEd zT,l / (zT,l + zC,r) + MEd / (zT,l + zC,r) = 168.6 kN; (Comp)
Foundation bearing strength under right hand flange - EN1992-1-1 Section 6.7
Additional bearing width - Eqn 6.5; cRF = tp (fyp_plt / (3 fjd,RF M0)) = 19.4 mm
Effective width of T-stub flange; beff1,RF = 45.7 mm
Effective length of T-Stub flange; leff1,RF = 191.1 mm
Loaded area; Ac0,RF = beff1,RF leff1,RF = 8725 mm2
Design distribution width; beff2,RF = 117.4 mm
Design distribution length; leff2,RF = 491.1 mm
Maximum design distribution area; Ac1,RF = beff2,RF leff2,RF = 57635 mm2
Concentrated design resistance force; FRdu,RF = Min(Ac0,RF fcd (Ac1,RF / Ac0,RF), 3 fcd Ac0,RF) = 317.7 kN
Foundation joint material coefficient; j = 0.67
Design bearing strength of the joint - Eqn 6.6; fjd,RF = j FRdu,RF / (beff1,RF leff1,RF) = 24.27 N/mm2
Baseplate in bending under tension under left hand flange - Section 6.2.6.11
Anchor distance from weld throat; m1 = 14 mm
Effective length for end-plate with circular pattern bolt holes;
leff,cp1 = Min(n1 m1, m1 + (n1 - 1) p1, n1 / 2 ( m1 + 2 ex1)) =
88 mm
Effective length for end plate with non-circular pattern bolt holes;
leff,nc1 = Min(n1 / 2 (4 m1 + 1.25 ex1), 2 m1 + 0.625 ex1 + ey1 + (n1 -
2) (2 m1 + 0.625 ex1), 2 m1 + 0.625 ex1 + (n1 - 1) p1 / 2, bp /2) =
76.7 mm
Minimum effective length; leff1 = Min(leff,cp1, leff,nc1) = 76.7 mm
Moment resistance of T-stub flange - Tbl 6.2; Mpl,1,Rd1 = 0.25 leff1 tp2 fyp_plt / M0 = 0.5 kNm
Design resistance of T-stub flange in tension with no prying forces - Tbl. 6.2;
FT,1,2,Rd1 = 2 Mpl,1,Rd1 / m1 = 75.4 kN
Base plate in bending under column flange; Ft,pl,Rd = FT,1,2,Rd1 = 75.4 kN
Equivalent T-stub in compression under right hand flange - Section 6.2.5
Design compression resistance of T-stub flange; FC,Rd = fjd,RF beff1,RF leff1,RF = 211.8 kN
Concrete in compression under right hand flange - Section 6.2.6.9
Design resistance of concrete in compression; Fc,pl,Rd = FC,Rd = 211.8 kN
Bending resistance of column - EN1993-1-1 Section 6.2.5
Design resistance for bending - Cls 6.2.5(2); Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd = W pl,y fyp_col / M0 = 50 kNm
Beam flange and web in compression - Section 6.2.6.7
Design compression resistance of flange - Eqn 6.21;
Fc,fc,Rd = Mc,Rd / (D - T) = 343.7 kN
Column bases subjected to axial forces and bending moments - Section 6.2.8.3
Design tension resistance LHS of joint; FT,l,Rd = Ft,pl,Rd = 75.4 kN
Design compression resistance RHS of joint; FC,r,Rd = Min(Fc,pl,Rd, Fc,fc,Rd) = 211.8 kN
Design moment resistance of column base
Relative eccentricity of load - Tbl 6.7; e = MEd / (-NEd) = -117.3 mm
Project Job Ref.
ANNEX H1 RDK 24037
Section Sheet no./rev.
COLUMN AND BASE PLATE 8
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date
KS 10/22/2024
Loading type - Tbl 6.7; Left side tension & Right side compression
Lever arm - Tbl 6.7; z = zT,l + zC,r= 167.8 mm
Design moment resistance - Tbl 6.7; Mj,Rd = Min(Abs(FT,l,Rd z / (zC,r / e + 1)), Abs(-FC,r,Rd z / (zT,l / e - 1))) =
19.6 kNm
PASS - Design moment of resistance exceeds applied moment
Frictional shear resistance
Base plate friction coefficient; Cf,d = 0.2
Design frictional shear resistance; Ff,Rd = Cf,d NR,T = 33.7 kN
PASS - Design frictional resistance exceeds applied shear load
Tension weld
Force in tension weld; Fw,t,Ed = Abs(MEd) / (D - T) - NEd / 2 = 40.7 kN
Weld leg length; sw = 6 mm
Weld throat size; aw = 1 / (2) sw = 4.2 mm
Length of weld; Lw,t = 2 B - (t + 2 r)= 283.4 mm
Correlation factor for fillet welds - Tbl 4.1; w = 0.85
Design shear strength - Cls 4.5.3.3(3); fvw,d = fu_plt / ((3) w M2) = 222.79 N/mm2
Design resistance per unit length - Cls 4.5.3.3(2); fw,Rd = fvw,d aw = 945.2 N/mm
Design resistance; Fw,t,Rd = fw,Rd Lw,t = 267.9 kN
PASS - Available strength of weld exceeds force in weld
Shear weld
Force in shear weld; Fw,v,Ed = 5 kN
Weld leg length; sw = 6 mm
Weld throat size; aw = 1 / (2) sw = 4.2 mm
Length of weld; Lw,v = 2 (D - 2 (T + r)) = 247.2 mm
Correlation factor for fillet welds - Table 4.1; w = 0.85
Design shear strength - Cls 4.5.3.3(3); fvw,d = fu_plt / ((3) w M2) = 222.8 N/mm2
Design resistance per unit length - Cls 4.5.3.3(2); fw,Rd = fvw,d aw = 945.2 N/mm
Design resistance; Fw,v,Rd = fw,Rd Lw,v = 233.7 kN
PASS - Available strength of weld exceeds force in weld
