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EL203 Lec6

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9 views15 pages

EL203 Lec6

Uploaded by

Hello Happy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EL203-Embedded Hardware Design

Lecture-6
• ARM Design Philosophy
• RISC Architecture

2
ARM as a Company

ARM does not manufacture processor.

3
RISC – Reduced Instruction Set Computer
CISC – Complex Instruction Set Computer
E.g. – Intel Processor

4
RISC Design Based on Four Philosophy

 Instructions – Reduced number of instructions.


 Pipelines – Instructions are executed in parallel by
pipelines.
 Registers – Large general-purpose register set.
 Load-Store – Processor operates on data held in
registers.

5
ARM Design Philosophy

RISC High Code


Density

ARM

Power
Efficiency

6
RISC vs. CISC

RISC CISC
Greater
Complexity Compiler Compiler
Code Code
Generation Generation

Greater
Processor Processor Complexity

7
ARM Processor vs. Intel Processor

ARM INTEL
• RISC CISC
• Little, Big Endian Little Endian

8
Embedded System with ARM Processor

Controller
ARM
Processor
Peripherals
Bus

9
ARM Based Microcontroller
ROM
SRAM
DRAM
ARM AHB-APB bridge FLASH
Processor
External
AHB-external bridge

Interrupt controller

AHB arbiter
AHB-APB bridge

Ethernet
RTC
Timers
USART

10
ARM Buses

• ARM Bus Technology

• AMBA Bus Protocol

11
ARM Bus Technology
Two classes of devices

• Bus master – ARM processor core


• Bus slave – Peripherals

12
Physical level
-Electrical Characteristics
-Bus width e.g. 16-bit, 32-bit etc.

Two bus Architecture levels

Protocol level
-Communication rules

13
AMBA Bus Protocol

AMBA – Advanced Microcontroller


Bus Architecture

ASB – ARM System Bus

APB – ARM Peripheral Bus

AHB – ARM High-Performance Bus

14
Memory

Cache
Performance

Main Memory

1 MB 1 GB

Memory Size

15

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