2020 TOURNAMENT

Division 678
Table of Contents

Individual Event: Problems ................................................................................................. 1

Individual Event: Student Answer Sheet ............................................................................. 2

Team Event: Problems ........................................................................................................ 3

Team Event: Team’s Answer Sheet ..................................................................................... 5

Scoring Room Key ............................................................................................................... 6

Individual Event: Model Solutions....................................................................................... 7

Team Event: Model Solutions ............................................................................................. 8

Tiebreakers (Student Sheets) ............................................................................................ 10

Tiebreakers: Problems and Model Solutions ..................................................................... 15

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 2020 Individual Event
No calculators, cell phones, or tablets are permitted during this tournament.
Time Limit: 30 minutes.

2
1. Compute the simplified decimal value of + 0.3 2 .
5

2019 1 2019 1
2. The expression + is how much greater than - ?
2020 5 2020 5

3. MOEMS was founded in 1979. Compute the simplified numeric value of

æ1 ö æ ö æ ö
çç ´1979÷÷ + çç 1 ´1979÷÷ + çç 1 ´1979÷÷ .
çè 6 ÷ø÷ çè 3 ÷ø÷ çè 2 ÷
ø÷

4. If today is a Wednesday, what day of the week will it be 2020 days later?

5. Points A, B, C, D, and E are evenly distributed on the number line shown.

1 3
Point A has coordinate and point D has coordinate .
5 4 A B C D
What fraction, in lowest terms, represents the coordinate of point E?

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 1. MOEMS Tourney 2020

2. SMOEM yTourne 0202

6. Each of the characters in “MOEMS”, “Tourney”, and “2020”
3. MSMOE eyTourn 2020
is cycled separately and placed in the numbered ordered list shown.
The next (second) occurrence of “MOEMS Tourney 2020” will   
appear in row number N. Find N. N. MOEMS Tourney 2020

7. The pattern at the right is folded to form a cube. 6

What is the least possible sum of 3 faces which
1 2 3 4
meet at a corner of the newly formed cube?
5

P Q
8. Ten congruent rectangles are arranged to form rectangle PQRS
as shown. If PS = 20, find the perimeter of rectangle PQRS. S R

9. In the given cryptarithm sum, different letters represent ABCD

different digits from 0 to 9, and no leading digit equals 0. +EFGH
Additionally, ABCD > EFGH, and ABCD – EFGH is the least 99 9 9
possible difference . Which two digits are not represented?

10. Recall that factorial (!) notation means to count down and multiply.
For example: 4! x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24.
When factored to primes: 8! + 9! + 10! = 2A x 3B x 5C x 7D. Find the sum A + B + C + D

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 Use your Logo/Heading to personalize your Tournament.

Do not write in this space.

Student Name: __________________________________________________

School & Team: _________________________________ Team # __________

SCORE

2020 Individual Event: ANSWERS

Write only the answers clearly. Each correct answer will receive one point.

1. ____________________________

2. _______________ _ ______ _

3. ____________ ____ _______

4. __________ ___________

5. _________________ _ ____

6. ____ __________

7. __ _________________________

8. _______ ______________

9. _______ ______________

10. ___________ ______

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Use your Logo/Heading to personalize your Tournament.

2020 Team Event

No calculators, cell phones, or tablets are permitted during this Tournament.
Time Limit: 20 minutes.

1 1 1
11. Compute the simplified numeric value of - - .
6 64 3 64 64

<< Not drawn to scale >>

12. Find the number of pounds represented N lbs. 14 lbs.

by N for the in balance see-saw shown.

6 feet 15 feet
fulcrum

13. The mean, median, and mode of 2.7, 3.6, 3.9, 3.4, and X are all equal. Find X.

14. Let X represent the number of positive whole numbers ≤ X which are relatively prime to X. For
example, 8 = 4 because 1, 3, 5, and 7 have no common factors with 8, other than 1. Compute
15 - 10 .

15. In the Cauchy School, there are 40 students in seventh grade math classes. Of these students,
25 like Algebra, 18 like Geometry, and 7 like both. What expression represents the fraction of those
students that like neither Algebra nor Geometry?

16. P and Q are distinct primes. Find all the possible values for P + Q, if 3P + 5Q = 61.

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17. Find the sum of the whole numbers N for which it is true that:
(1) 20 ≤ N ≤ 70, and
(2) N = p x q x r, where p, q, and r are different prime numbers.

18. In the given floor plan, 6 rooms: A, B, C, D, E, and F are

connected by the 8 doorways as shown. In how many ways can A E
Josiah walk from room A to room F without passing through D
the same doorway more than once, or entering a room already B C F
visited? (It is not required that Josiah enter every room,
or pass through every doorway!)

19. From the third term onward, new terms in the sequence: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, … are formed by
summing the previous two terms. (1 + 2 = 3, 2 + 3 = 5, 3 + 5 = 8, and so on.).
How many of the first 50 terms are multiples of 4?

20. X is a whole number factor of 60 and Y is a whole number factor of 24.

X+Y
Find the least numeric value of .
Y

Use your Logo/Heading to personalize your Tournament.

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School & Team: _________________________________Team # __________

Student Names: _________________________________________________

SCORE
_________________________________________________

2020 Team Event: ANSWERS

Write only the answers clearly. Each correct answer will receive one point.

11. ____________________________

12. _______________ _ ______ _

13. ____________ ____ _______

14. __________ ___________

15. _________________ _ ____

16. ____ __________

17. __ _________________________

18. _______ ______________

19. _______ ______________

20. ___________ ______

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 SCORING ROOM KEY
2020 Tournament
Answers: INDIVIDUAL EVENT Answers: TEAM EVENT

1. ____ 7/10 or 0.70________ ____ 11. _______1/8_ __

2. _____2/5 or 0.40__ ___________ 12. ______ 35_____ __

3. _____1979_____________ ____ 13. ______3.4__ _________

4. _____ Sunday__ ____________ 14. _______4____ ____

5. _____ 14/15_____ ___________ 15. _ 4/40 or 10% or 0.10 or 1/10__

6. ______71____ _____________ 16. ________13 and 19__ ___ ___

7. ______8 _________________ 17. ________208_____ _____

8. _____124_____ ________ 18. _______ 6__ ____ _

9. _______3 and 6___ _________ 19. _________8___ ________

10. ______15___ _____ _______ 20. __ ____1-1/24 or 25/24_______

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 2020 Individual Event
SOLUTIONS
ANSWERS: (1) 7/10 or .70 (2) 2/5 or 0.4 (3) 1979 (4) Sunday (5) 14/15
(6) 71 (7) 8 (8) 124 (9) 3 and 6 (10) 15

2 2 ´ 20 9 49 7
1. + 0.32 = 0.4 + .09 = 0.49 = 0.7 or + = =
5 5 ´ 20 100 100 10

2019 1 çæ 2019 1 ÷ö 1 æç 1 ÷ö 2
2. + -ç - ÷ = - ç- ÷ = or 0.4
2020 5 çè 2020 5 ø÷÷ 5 èç 5 ø÷÷ 5

æ1 ö æ1 ö æ1 ö æ1 1 1ö
3. çç ´1979÷÷÷ + çç ´1979÷÷÷ + çç ´1979÷÷÷ = çç + + ÷÷÷´1979 = 1 ´1979 = 1979.
çè 6 ÷ø çè 3 ÷ø èç 2 ÷ø èç 6 3 2 ÷ø

4. 2020 ÷ 7 = 288 remainder 4. Four (4) days after Wednesday is Sunday.

æ3 1 ö 11 1 11 11 3 56 14
5. çç - ÷÷÷ ¸ 3 subdivisions = ´ = . Adding to the coordinate of D = + = =
çè 4 5 ø÷ 20 3 60 60 4 60 15

6. “MOEMS” has cycle length 5, “Tourney” has cycle length 7, and “2020” has cycle length 2.
LCM (5,7,2) = 70. So, N = 71.

7. Identify the pairs of opposite faces, and the select the lesser value from each pair. The opposite faces
are: (1 and 3), (2 and 4), and (5, and 6). Summing the lesser values from each pair of opposite faces
yields: 1 + 2 + 5 = 8.

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8. Let x = length of each smaller rectangle, y = width of each smaller rectangle. The figure then becomes:
3x
P Q
x + y

S R
7y

The resulting equations are: x + y = 20 and 3x = 7y which solve to yield x = 14 and y = 6. Therefore,
rectangle PQRS has dimensions: length = 42 units and width = 20 units.
So, perimeter = 124 units.

9. The least difference is 5012 - 4987 = 25, which corresponds to the sum 5012 + 4987 = 9999.
The digits 3 and 6 do not appear.

Alternately, since the sum contains all 9s, there can never be a carry because no column total can be 19,
since the digits in each column must be different. Therefore, the digit pairs must be (9,0), (8,1), (7,2),
(6,3), or (5,4). To keep the difference as small as possible, the leftmost pair (A, E) = (5,4) and the 4-digit
numbers being subtracted are made to be as close as possible to 5000, implying (ABCD, EFGH) = (5012,
4987). The digits 3 and 6 are unused.

10. Factoring yields 8! (1 + 9 + 90) = 8! × 100.

Factoring: 8! × 100 = [8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1] × (22 × 52), continue factoring to primes,
= [23 × 7 × (2 × 3) × 5 × 22 × 3 × 2 ×1] × (22 × 52), now combining powers,
= 29 × 32 × 53 × 71. So, A + B + C + D = 9 + 2 + 3 + 1 = 15.

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 2020 Team Event
SOLUTIONS
ANSWERS: (11) 1/8 (12) 35 (13 )3.4 (14) 4 (15) 4/40 or 1/10 or 10%
(16) 13 and 19 (17) 208 (18) 6 (19) 8 (20) 1-1/24 or 25/24

1 1 1 1
11. Since 64 = 26 = 43 = 82, then - - = .
2 4 8 8

15 ´14
12. 6 ´ N = 15 ´14 Þ N = = 35.
6

13. Sorted data: 2.7, 3.4, 3.6, 3.9, and X. Since X is both median and mode, either X = 3.4 or 3.6.
If X = 3.6, then the mean = 3.44 (not possible). If X = 3.4, then the mean = 3.4

14. 15 = 8 because 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, and 14 are relatively prime to 15. Additionally,

10 = 4 because 1, 3, 7, and 9 are relatively prime to 10. Therefore, 15 - 10 = 8 - 4 = 4.

15. Using the numbers given, there are 4 students who Alg.
4 18 7 11
like neither algebra or geometry. = 10%.
40 Geo.
4

16. Since 61 is odd, either 3P or 5Q must be even, and the other term odd. The only even prime is 2.
3P is even case: P = 2 and 3P = 6; 5Q = 55; Q = 11, and P + Q = 2 + 11 = 13.
5Q is even case: Q = 2 and 5Q = 10; 3P = 51; P = 17, and P + Q = 2 + 17 = 19.
The only possible values of P + Q are 13 and 19.

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17. Products of primes get large quickly. Make a list, beginning with a “least prime” of 2:
(1) 2 × 3 × 5 = 30 (Necessarily the least such product)
(2) 2 × 3 × 7 = 42
(3) 2 × 3 × 11 = 66
(4) 2 × 5 ×7 × 70 (Necessarily the greatest such product).
Note that 3 × 5 × 7 = 105 is already too large. The four products: 30 + 42 + 66 + 70 = 208.

18. Shrink dots to represent rooms, and use line

segments to represent paths (doorways). Notice D E
that Josiah can only enter room F from room D or
from room E. Our solution is to add the number of A
ways to arrive at room D plus the number of ways to C F
arrive at room E. Starting in room A, Josiah can arrive at
room D in 3 ways: ABCD, ACD, or AD. Since someone can
only arrive at room E by passing through room D first, simply B
append E to any of the 3 previously listed paths. There are therefore 3 ways to arrive at room E: ABCDE,
ACDE, and ADE. Altogether, there are 6 ways to arrive in room F.

19. Look for a pattern in the remainders upon division by 4.

Terms: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, 2584, 4181, 6765, 10946, 
Remainders: 1, 2, 3, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 0, 1 …
There is one 0 in the first 6 remainders, and one 0 in the 5th position of each following repeating cycle
of 6. The remainder sequence follows the same addition rule as the original. There are 8 complete
blocks of six remainders in the first 50 terms. Therefore, there are 8 multiples of 4.

X+Y X
20. = +1.
Y Y
Choose the least X (the least factor of 60 is 1) and the greatest Y (the greatest factor of 24 is 24) to make
the fractional part least.

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 2020 TIEBREAKER # 1
Time Limit: 5 minutes.
No calculators permitted.

Name: _____________________________________________ Team: _________________________

Set A = {-5, -4, -2, 0, +3, +7, +8} . Find the least difference when one number from set A is
subtracted from a different number from set A.

ANSWER: ____________

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 2020 TIEBREAKER # 2
Time Limit: 5 minutes.
No calculators permitted.

Name: _____________________________________________ Team: _________________________

The lengths of the sides of a triangle are 5, 12, and N units. How many whole number values of
N are possible?

2020 TIEBREAKER # 3
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 Time Limit: 5 minutes.
No calculators permitted.

Name: _____________________________________________ Team: _________________________

1979 + 5 ´1978
MOEMS was founded in 1979. Compute the simplified value of: .
1978

ANSWER: ____________

2020 TIEBREAKER # 4
Time Limit: 5 minutes.

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 No calculators permitted.

Name: _____________________________________________ Team: _________________________

Suppose X and Y represent positive integers such that 18X + 11Y = 2020. What is the greatest
possible value of X + Y?

ANSWER: ____________

2020 TIEBREAKER # 5
Time Limit: 5 minutes.
No calculators permitted.
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Name: _____________________________________________ Team: _________________________

3 1 4
Find the whole number value of N so that < < .
52 N 65

ANSWER: ____________

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 2020 TIEBREAKERS
Questions are given one at a time. Winning places are awarded in the order that correct answers are submitted.
Incorrect answers result in elimination. No calculators permitted during this Tournament.
Time Limit: 5 minutes per question.

TB1. Set A = {-5, -4, -2, 0, +3, +7, +8} . Find the least difference when one number from set A is
subtracted from a different number from set A.

TB2. The lengths of the sides of a triangle are 5, 12, and N units. How many whole number
values of N are possible?

1979 + 5 ´1978
TB3. MOEMS was founded in 1979. Compute the simplified value of: .
1978

TB4. Suppose X and Y represent positive integers such that 18X + 11Y = 2020. What is the
greatest possible value of X + Y?

3 1 4
TB5. Find the whole number value of N so that < < .
52 N 65

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 2020 TIEBREAKER SOLUTIONS
ANSWERS: (T1) -13 (T2) 9 (T3) 24 (T4) 183 (T5) 17

TB1. Strategy: Subtract the greatest value from the least value. -
5 -+ 8 =- 13.

TB2. Strategy:The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle must be greater than the
length of the remaining side.
Therefore, 12 - 5 < N < 12 + 5; 8 ≤ N ≤ 16. N can have 16-8+1 = 9 whole number values.
Specifically, N can equal 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16, but not 7 or 17.

TB3. Strategy: Divide and simplify.

1979 + 5 ´1978 1979 5 ´1978
Writing as two separate divisions yields: = + = 19 + 5 = 24.
1978 1978 1978

TB4. Strategy: Use algebra to write the given expression in terms of XY.
Using algebra: 18X + 11Y = 7X + 11(X + Y) = 2020. To make X + Y as great as possible, 7X
must be least. Letting X = 1 yields:
7 + 11(X + Y) = 2020; 11(X + Y) = 2013; X + Y = 2013 ÷ 11 = 183.
-18 2020
Alternately, beginning with 18X + 11Y = 2020, solving for Y yields Y = X+ .
11 11
As x increases by 11, y decreases by 18; resulting in a net change of -7 .
Therefore, (1,182), (12,164), (23, 146), ... are lattice points for the graph of the given
expression. After the first, each would give us a smaller sum. The maximum value is
therefore X + Y =1 + 182 =183 .

TB5. Strategy: Use the properties of inequalities and their reciprocals.

Taking reciprocals and reversing the direction of the inequality symbols yields
52 65 65 52 1
>N> Þ <N< Þ 16.25 < N < 17 , implies integer N = 17.
3 4 4 3 3

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