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CSEC Chemistry

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Chemistry CSEC Study Cards ( Periodic Table and Periodicity)

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9s6cdr

an arrangement of chemical elements in


which the elements are arranged based
What is the periodic table? on atomic numbers and separated into
groups and periods based on a similar of
repeating properties.
the repeating pattern of chemical and
What is periodicity?
physical properties of the elements
In 1869, Russian chemist Dimitri
Mendeleev started the development of
the periodic table arranging chemical
What is the history of the periodic table? elements by atomic mass. A German
chemist Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner
foreshadowed the periodic law for the
chemical elements
The physical and chemical properties of
What is the periodic law? the elements repeat in the periodic table
based on atomic numbers
-Group 1 elements (except Hydrogen)
are alkali metals
-Group 2 elements are alkali earth met-
als
-Group 3-6 elements are non-metals
-Group 4 elements can also be referred
How are the elements in the periodic to as transition metals
table separated? -Group 5 elements can also be referred
to as metal alloids
-Group 7 elements are halogens
-Group 8 elements are noble gases

Vertical column in the periodic table,


What is a group? it consists of elements with the same
amount of valence electrons.

What is a period?

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Chemistry CSEC Study Cards ( Periodic Table and Periodicity)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9s6cdr
horizontal row in the periodic table, it con-
sists of elements with the same number
of shells
electrons in the outermost shell

What is a valence electron?

A shell is like a ring around a elements


What is a shell? nucleus that holds the negative electrons
of the element.
The first shell of the element holds 2
electrons, then the rest hold 8.
Arrangement of electrons on shells

What is inside the nucleus of an element Positive changed protons and neutral
? neutrons.
When is an element stable? It is stable when the valence shell is full.
- Protons: 1, +1
What is the relative mass and charge of
- Electrons: 1/1860 , -1
the atoms in an element?
- Neutrons: 1, 0
Progressing down the group atomic ra-
dius increases due to the extra shell of
What are the trends among elements in electrons for each element, going down
group 2? the group ionization energy decreases
and ease of ionization increases as well
as reactivity.

The melting and boiling points of the


What are the trends among the elements
halogens increase going down the
in group 7?
group, the colours get darker and they
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Chemistry CSEC Study Cards ( Periodic Table and Periodicity)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9s6cdr
get less reactive as you go down the
period.
Group 8 metals are....? Non reactive as they are stable.
Atomic radius decreases across the pe-
What are the trends among elements in riod
period 3? Melting point increases up to silicon then
decreases
What is atomic radius? size of an atom
the energy required to remove an elec-
What is ionization energy?
tron from an atom
electron affinity is the energy released
What is electron affinity?
when an atom accepts an electron
What is electronegativity? ability of an atom to attract electrons
What is valency? the number of bonds an atom can make

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