SUST

College of Engineering
School of Civil Engineering
4th Class (Semester 8)
9-Feb-24

Design of Reinforced Concrete II

British Standards (BS 8110-1:1997)

Section-2:

Flat Slab

Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

Design of Reinforced Concrete II (BS 8110-1:1997) Flat Slab

Illustrative Example for Designing an Interior Panel of Flat Slab (BS 8110-1)

The figure below shows 20 𝑚 × 25 𝑚 solid flat slab supported directly on columns with
0.5 𝑚 × 0.25 𝑚 cross-section. The slab is 200 𝑚𝑚 thickness and carries a live load of
3 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 , and 1.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 finishes, and 3.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 partitions. Design the panel A using
concrete grade 𝐶30 , rebars grade 460 , and concrete cover of 20 𝑚𝑚 .

Solution:

1) Loading:
𝑆𝑙𝑎𝑏 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑓-𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡: 𝑠. 𝑤 = 𝛾𝑐 ℎ𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = 24 × 0.2 = 4.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑: 𝐺𝑘 = 4.8 + 1.5 + 3.5 = 9.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑: 𝑄𝑘 = 3 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
- 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑: 𝑛 = 1.4𝐺𝑘 + 1.6𝑄𝑘 = 1.4 × 9.8 + 1.6 × 3 = 18.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
2) Design Moments (𝑀): [𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 3.12]
Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

- Since the conditions of clause 3.7.2.7 are satisfied, those are; The design is based on the single
load case (all spans loaded with the maximum design ultimate load = 18.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 ); The area
of each bay (100 𝑚2 ) exceeds 30 𝑚²; The ratio of the characteristic imposed load (3 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 )

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 Design of Reinforced Concrete II (BS 8110-1:1997) Flat Slab

to the characteristic dead load (9.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 ) does not exceed 1.25; The characteristic
imposed load (3 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 ) does not exceed 5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 ; There are at least three rows of panels
of approximately equal span (the slab has five rows of panels of equal span); Then,
Table 3.12 may be used for calculating the bending-moments.
- 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑: 𝐹 = 18.5 × (4 × 5) = 370 𝑘𝑁
−𝑣𝑒: 𝑀 = 0.063 × 370 × 4 = 93.2 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑃𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 𝐴 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 → 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑥) {
+𝑣𝑒: 𝑀 = 0.063 × 370 × 4 = 93.2 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
- 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 (𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑)
−𝑣𝑒: 𝑀 = 0.063 × 370 × 5 = 116.6 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑀𝑖𝑑𝑑𝑙𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑛. → 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑦) {
{ +𝑣𝑒: 𝑀 = 0.063 × 370 × 5 = 116.6 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
3) Division of panel A into column- and middle-strips: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.2.8 & 𝐹𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 3.12]

When there are no drop panels, the internal panels of

flat slab should be assumed to be divided into column
strips and middle strips as explained in Figure 3.12 of
the code. That is:
- 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑥): (𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛)
Width of column-strip = 𝑙𝑥 /4 = 4/4 = 1 𝑚 (𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠)
Width of middle-strip = 𝑙𝑦 − 𝑙𝑥 /2 = 5 − 4/2 = 3 𝑚
- 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑦): (𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛)
Width of column-strip = 𝑙𝑥 /4 = 4/4 = 1 𝑚 (𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠)
Width of middle-strip = 𝑙𝑥 /2 = 4/2 = 2 𝑚

4) Bottom Reinforcement: (𝑇 10 𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑)

4.1) Direction (x): (𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛)

Moment at mid-span (+ve): 𝑀 = 93.2 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

∅ 10
Effective depth: 𝑑 = ℎ𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 − 𝑐 − ∅ − 2 = 200 − 20 − 10 − = 165 𝑚𝑚
2
a) Design for moment: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.2.10 & 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 3.18]

𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑 𝑴𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒆-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑

𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 − 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 2000 3000 𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 0.55(93.2) = 51.3 0.45(93.2) = 41.9 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑘 0.031 0.017
𝑍/𝑑 0.95 0.95
𝑍 156.8 156.8 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 749 612 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 520 780 𝑚𝑚2
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑞 209 302 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑥 (3𝑑) 495 495 𝑚𝑚
Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑇 10 𝑚𝑚 @ 200 𝑚𝑚 𝑇 10 𝑚𝑚 @ 200 𝑚𝑚 (𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑠)

𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 785 1178 𝑚𝑚2

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 Design of Reinforced Concrete II (BS 8110-1:1997) Flat Slab

b) Check for deflection: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.8]

𝑨𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍:
𝑙 4000
(𝑑) = 24.2
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 165
𝑳𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕:
𝑙
( ) = 26
𝑑 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑐

𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 = 749 + 612 = 1361 𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 = 785 + 1178 = 1963 𝑚𝑚2
2×460×1361
𝑓𝑠 = 3×1963
= 212.6 𝑀𝑃𝑎
477−212.6
𝑀𝐹𝑡 = 0.55 + 93.2×106
= 1.94
120(0.9+ )
5000×1652

𝑙 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒

(𝑑) = 26 × 1.94 × 0.9 45.4 ( )
𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 (𝑙/𝑑)𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 0.9
𝑆𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑

4.2) Direction (y): (𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛)

Moment at mid-span (+ve): 𝑀 = 116.6 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

∅ 10
Effective depth: 𝑑 = ℎ𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 − 𝑐 − 2 = 200 − 20 − = 175 𝑚𝑚
2
a) Design for moment: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.2.10 & 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 3.18]

𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑 𝑴𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒆-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑

𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 − 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 2000 2000 𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 0.55(116.6) = 64.1 0.45(116.6) = 52.5 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑘 0.035 0.029
𝑍/𝑑 0.95 0.95
𝑍 166.3 166.3 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 883 723 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 520 520 𝑚𝑚2
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑞 177 217 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑥 (3𝑑) 525 525 𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑇 10 𝑚𝑚 @ 150 𝑚𝑚 𝑇 10 𝑚𝑚 @ 150 𝑚𝑚 (𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑠)

𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 1047 1047 𝑚𝑚2

b) Check for deflection: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.8]

𝑨𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍:
𝑙 5000
(𝑑) = 28.6
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 175
𝑳𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒕:
𝑙
(𝑑) = 26
𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑐
Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 = 883 + 723 = 1606 𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 = 1047 + 1047 = 2094 𝑚𝑚2

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 Design of Reinforced Concrete II (BS 8110-1:1997) Flat Slab

2×460×1606
𝑓𝑠 = 3×2094
= 235.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎
477−235.2
𝑀𝐹𝑡 = 0.55 + 116.6×106
= 1.64
120(0.9+ )
4000×1752

𝑙 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒

(𝑑) = 26 × 1.64 × 0.9 38.4 ( )
𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 (𝑙/𝑑)𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 0.9
𝑆𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑

4.3) Structural detailing drawing:

5) Top Reinforcement: (𝑇 16 𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑)

5.1) Direction (x): (𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛)

4(0.25×0.5)
Reduction value = 0.15𝐹ℎ𝑐 = 0.15 × 370 × √ = 22.1 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 (𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.2.7)
𝜋
Moment at column (-ve): 𝑀 = 93.2 − 22.1 = 71.1 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
∅ 16
Effective depth: 𝑑 = ℎ𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 − 𝑐 − ∅ − 2 = 200 − 20 − 16 − = 156 𝑚𝑚
2
Design for moment: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 3.7.2.10 & 3.7.3.1 & 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 3.18]

𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑 𝑴𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒆-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑

𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 − 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 2000 3000 𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 0.75(71.1) = 53.3 0.25(71.1) = 17.8 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑘 0.037 0.008
𝑍/𝑑 0.95 0.95
𝑍 148.2 148.2 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 823 275 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 520 780 𝑚𝑚2
2 1
(823) = 549 𝑚𝑚2 (823) = 275 𝑚𝑚2
3 3
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑞 366 731 773 𝑚𝑚
Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑥 (3𝑑) 468 468 𝑚𝑚

𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑇 16 𝑚𝑚 @ 300 𝑚𝑚 𝑇 16 𝑚𝑚 @ 300 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 1340 2010 𝑚𝑚2

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 Design of Reinforced Concrete II (BS 8110-1:1997) Flat Slab

5.2) Direction (y): (𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛)

Reduction value = 0.15𝐹ℎ𝑐 = 22.1 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 (𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.2.7)

Moment at column (-ve): 𝑀 = 116.6 − 22.1 = 94.5 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

∅ 16
Effective depth: 𝑑 = ℎ𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 − 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 − 2 = 200 − 20 − = 172 𝑚𝑚
2
Design for moment: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 3.7.2.10 & 3.7.3.1 & 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 3.18]

𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑 𝑴𝒊𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒆-𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒑

𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 − 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 2000 2000 𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 0.75(94.5) = 70.9 0.25(94.5) = 23.6 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
𝑘 0.040 0.013
𝑍/𝑑 0.95 0.95
𝑍 163.4 163.4 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 993 331 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 520 520 𝑚𝑚2
2 1
(993) = 662 𝑚𝑚2 (993) = 331 𝑚𝑚2
3 3
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑞 303 607 773 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑥 (3𝑑) 516 516 𝑚𝑚
𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑇 16 𝑚𝑚 @ 300 𝑚𝑚 𝑇 16 𝑚𝑚 @ 400 𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 1340 1005 𝑚𝑚2

5.3) Punching shear:

156+172
Effective depth: 𝑑 = = 164 𝑚𝑚 (𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠)
2
a) At face of column: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒 3.7.6.2 & 3.7.7.2]

𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔:

𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑉 = 𝑛(𝑙𝑥 𝑙𝑦 − 𝑏ℎ)

𝑎𝑡 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛: = 18.5(4 × 5 − 0.25 × 0.5) = 367.7 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟: 𝑢0 = 2(𝑏 + ℎ)
= 2(250 + 500) = 1500 𝑚𝑚
𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠: 𝑉𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑣= 𝑢0 𝑑
; 𝑉𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 1.15𝑉 (𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛)
1.15(367.7)×103
= 1500×164
1.72 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉:
𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ: 0.8√𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 0.8√30 = 4.38 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (< 5 𝑀𝑃𝑎) 4.38 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑆𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑

b) At 1.5d from face of column: [𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 3.7.6.2 & 3.7.7.3 & 3.7.7.4]

𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔:
Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑉 = 𝑛[𝑙𝑥 𝑙𝑦 − (𝑏 + 3𝑑)(ℎ + 3𝑑)]

1.5𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛: = 18.5[4 × 5 − (0.25 + 3 × 0.164)(0.5 + 3 × 0.164)]
= 356.4 𝑘𝑁

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 Design of Reinforced Concrete II (BS 8110-1:1997) Flat Slab

𝑃𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟: 𝑢𝑑 = 2[(𝑏 + 3𝑑) + (ℎ + 3𝑑)] = 2(𝑏 + ℎ) + 12𝑑

= 2(250 + 500) + 12 × 164 = 3468 𝑚𝑚
𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠: 𝑉𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑣= 𝑢𝑑 𝑑
; 𝑉
𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 1.15𝑉
1.15(356.4)×103
= 3468×164
0.72 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉:

𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝐴𝑠,𝑥 = 1340/2 = 670 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚

𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ: 𝐴𝑠,𝑦 = 1340/2 = 670 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚

𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝐴𝑠 = 670 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚

𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ: 100𝐴𝑠 100×670

𝑏𝑑
= 1000×164 = 0.41 < 3 __ 𝑜𝑘
1 1
400 4 400 4
(𝑑 ) = (164) = 1.25 > 0.67 __ 𝑜𝑘
1
1
0.79 30 3
𝑣𝑐 = (0.41)3 × 1.25 × (25) 0.62 𝑀𝑃𝑎
1.25

𝑁𝑜𝑡 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑

𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉:

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑇 16 𝑚𝑚 @ 150 𝑚𝑚 𝑐/𝑐 − 𝐵𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝: (𝐴𝑠,𝑥 = 𝐴𝑠,𝑦 = 1340 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚)
(𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 × 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝)

𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ: 100𝐴𝑠 100×1340

= = 0.82 < 3 __ 𝑜𝑘
𝑏𝑑 1000×164
1
1
0.79 30 3
𝑣𝑐 = (0.82)3 × 1.25 × (25) 0.79 𝑀𝑃𝑎
1.25

𝑆𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑

5.4) Structural detailing drawing (illustrative):

Eng. Nyazi Tawfeeg

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