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CoordGeom Questions 2

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19 views3 pages

CoordGeom Questions 2

hlh,

Uploaded by

samriddharoy13
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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maths.

org/step

STEP Support Programme

STEP 3 Polar Coordinates and other Coordinate Geometry:


Questions

1 2009 S3 Q1
The points S, T , U and V have coordinates (s, ms), (t, mt), (u, nu) and (v, nv), respectively.
The lines SV and U T meet the line y = 0 at the points with coordinates (p, 0) and (q, 0),
respectively. Show that
(m − n)sv
p= ,
ms − nv
and write down a similar expression for q.
Given that S and T lie on the circle x2 + (y − c)2 = r2 , find a quadratic equation satisfied
by s and by t, and hence determine st and s + t in terms of m, c and r.
Given that S, T , U and V lie on the above circle, show that p + q = 0.

2 2004 S3 Q4
The triangle OAB is isosceles, with OA = OB and angle AOB = 2α where 0 < α < π2 . The
semi-circle C0 has its centre at the midpoint of the base AB of the triangle, and the sides
OA and OB of the triangle are both tangent to the semi-circle. C1 , C2 , C3 , . . . are circles
such that Cn is tangent to Cn−1 and to sides OA and OB of the triangle.
Let rn be the radius of Cn . Show that
rn+1 1 − sin α
= .
rn 1 + sin α

Let S be the total area of the semi-circle C0 and the circles C1 , C2 , C3 , . . . . Show that

1 + sin2 α 2
S= πr0 .
4 sin α

Show that there are values of α for which S is more than four fifths of the area of trian-
gle OAB.

STEP 3 Polar: Questions 1


maths.org/step

3 1993 S3 Q2
The curve C has the equation x3 + y 3 = 3xy.

(i) Show that there is no point of inflection on C. You may assume that the origin is not
a point of inflection.

(ii) The part of C which lies in the first quadrant is a closed loop touching the axes at the
origin. By converting to polar coordinates, or otherwise, evaluate the area of this loop.

4 2008 S3 Q3
The point P (a cos θ , b sin θ), where a > b > 0, lies on the ellipse

x2 y 2
+ 2 = 1.
a2 b
The point S(−ea , 0), where b2 = a2 (1 − e2 ) , is a focus of the ellipse. The point N is the
foot of the perpendicular from the origin, O, to the tangent to the ellipse at P . The lines
SP and ON intersect at T . Show that the y-coordinate of T is
b sin θ
.
1 + e cos θ

Show that T lies on the circle with centre S and radius a.

STEP 3 Polar: Questions 2


maths.org/step

5 2011 S3 Q5
A movable point P has cartesian coordinates (x, y), where x and y are functions of t. The
polar coordinates of P with respect to the origin O are r and θ. Starting with the expression
Z
1
2 r2 dθ

for the area swept out by OP , obtain the equivalent expression


Z  
1 dy dx
2 x −y dt . (∗)
dt dt

The ends of a thin straight rod AB lie on a closed convex curve C. The point P on the rod
is a fixed distance a from A and a fixed distance b from B. The angle between AB and the
positive x direction is t. As A and B move anticlockwise round C, the angle t increases from
0 to 2π and P traces a closed convex curve D inside C, with the origin O lying inside D, as
shown in the diagram.

Let (x, y) be the coordinates of P . Write down the coordinates of A and B in terms of a, b,
x, y and t.
The areas swept out by OA, OB and OP are denoted by [A], [B] and [P ], respectively. Show,
using (∗), that
[A] = [P ] + πa2 − af
where Z 2π  
1 dy   dx 
f= 2 x+ cos t + y − sin t dt .
0 dt dt
Obtain a corresponding expression for [B] involving b. Hence show that the area between
the curves C and D is πab.

STEP 3 Polar: Questions 3

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