Table of content

What is Table of content?

A Table of Contents (TOC) in OpenOffice is a tool that
automatically generates a structured list of the headings and
subheadings in a document, providing an organized overview of
its content. It’s particularly useful in long documents like reports,
essays, or books, helping readers quickly locate specific sections.
To create a TOC, users must first apply built-in heading styles
(e.g., Heading 1, Heading 2) to their document’s titles and
sections. Once the headings are in place, the TOC can be inserted
via the "Insert" menu, where users can customize its appearance
and select which heading levels to include. The TOC can be
interactive, allowing readers to click on an item and jump directly
to that section in the document. Additionally, it’s easy to update
the TOC if changes are made to the document, such as adding,
removing, or reordering headings. This makes the TOC a dynamic
and efficient feature. Overall, a Table of Contents not only
improves the document’s readability but also enhances
navigation, making it a crucial tool for organizing and presenting
longer works professionally. By providing clear structure and easy
access to different sections, the TOC helps readers understand
and engage with the content more effectively.

Customizing the Table of content

Table of contents can be customized in Writer in many ways. They
are:
There are five tabs/pages in the Insert Index/Table dialog
box.
 1. The Index/Table page helps to set the attributes of the TOC,
for example, the type of index

2. The Entries and Styles pages are used to format the entries
in the TOC

3. The Columns page is used to arrange the TOC into more

than one column.

4.The Background page has the options to add color or a

graphic to the background of the TOC

Using the index/Table tab

You can use the options given under the Index/Table tab to
set the basic attributes of the table of contents:

1. Adding a Title: To give a title to the table contents, enter a

name in the Title field. If there is a default name already
entered by Writer in this field, then simply overwrite it.

2. Setting the Type: Select the Table of Contents option from

the drop-down list of Type option under the Type and title
section.

3. Protecting Against Manual Changes: You can click the

Protected against manual changes check box to protect the
table of contents from being changed accidentally
Entries Tab
You can use the entries tab to format and set exactly how and
what will be displayed for each of the entries in the table of
content.

1.Deleting element: To delete an element from the Structure

line, click the button that represents that
element and then press the Delete key on your keyboard.
For example, to delete a page number, click the #button and
then press the Delete key.
2.Adding Elements: You can add a new element to the
Structure line by following the given steps:
 Bring the cursor in the white field to the left of where you
want to insert the element.

 Click one of the five buttons that are just below the
Structure line. For example, to add a tab stop, click the
Tab stop button. Observe that, a new Tab (T) button
appears on the Structure line.

3.Applying character styles: to apply a character style to an

element on the structure
 Click any button that represents the element to which you
want to apply a style
 From the Character Style drop-down list, select the desired
style
 Writer applies the selected style to the element.
 Click on OK to apply the selected style
4.Applying Changes to All Outline Levels: To apply the
displayed structure and formatting to all outline levels, click the
All button.

Using the styles tab

You can use the options given in the Styles tab to apply
paragraph styles to the table of contents. You can
apply a different paragraph style to each outline level of the
table.

Using the columns tab

To put the table of contents into more than one column, you
can use the options given under the Columns tab of the Insert
Index/Table dialog box.

Using the Background Tab

 You can use the Background tab of the Insert Index/Table
dialog box to add color or a graphic to the background of the
TOC

1.Adding Color: To add color to the background of the table

of contents, simply click the desired color in the color grid from
the Background color section.

2.Deleting Colour or Graphic: To delete the applied colour

or graphic from the table background, these steps:
 From the as drop-down list, select Color.
 Click No Fill option on the colour grid.
Maintaining a Table of Contents
Sometimes, you make changes in the document after creating
the TOC. In such a situation, you need to perform some basic
operations as listed below:

 Edit the existing table of contents

 Update the table of contents after changes have been

made to the document

 Delete the table of contents

Editing the Table of Contents

To edit an existing table of contents, follow these steps:

 Right-click anywhere in the table of contents. The context

menu appears.

 From the context menu, choose Edit Index/Table option.

The Insert Index/Table window opens. You
can edit and save the table using the five tabs
described in the chapter.
Updating the Table of Contents
Writer does not update the TOC automatically. So, you need to
update the TOC every time you make a change in the
document. To update a document's table of contents, follow
these steps:

 Right-click anywhere in the table of contents. The context

menu appears.

 From the context menu, choose Update Index/Table.

Writer updates the table of contents to reflect the changes
in the document.

Deleting the Table of Contents

To delete the table of contents from a document, follow these
steps:

 Right-click anywhere in the table of contents. The context

menu appears.

 From the context menu, choose Delete Index/Table. The

table of contents will be deleted
 Activity
Impacts of Online Education on the Modern Education System
in India

The emergence of online education has significantly altered the

landscape of learning across the world, and India is no
exception. With its vast population and diverse educational
needs, online learning has both revolutionized and posed
challenges to the traditional education system in the country.
From bridging the gap between rural and urban education to
creating new opportunities for personalized learning, online
education is reshaping the future of education in India.

1. Access to Education: Bridging the Rural-Urban Divide

One of the most significant impacts of online education in India

has been its ability to democratize access to quality education.
In a country where access to educational resources is often
skewed by geographic location, online learning platforms
provide an opportunity for students in remote or underserved
regions to gain access to the same content as their urban
counterparts. Through digital tools, students from rural areas
can now attend classes, access learning materials, and even
interact with peers and educators from around the world.

Government initiatives such as *SWAYAM* and private online

platforms like *BYJU’S*, *Vedantu*, and *Unacademy* have
contributed immensely to this expansion of educational access.
This has not only helped reduce disparities but also created
new learning opportunities for individuals who previously had
limited access to educational infrastructure.

2. Flexibility and Convenience for Students

Online education offers unmatched flexibility in terms of time

and place. Students can access lessons, assignments, and
lectures at their convenience, without the constraints of
traditional school hours or physical classrooms. This is
particularly beneficial for working professionals, students with
disabilities, and those balancing family responsibilities.
Moreover, the ability to learn at one's own pace fosters a more
personalized approach to education, with students able to
revisit lectures and learning materials as needed.

This shift to flexible learning environments has also

encouraged a move towards self-directed learning. Students
now have the ability to explore subjects at their own pace, dive
deeper into areas of interest, and even pursue online
certifications that enhance their employability.

3. Cost-Effectiveness and Affordability

For many students, online education presents a more

affordable alternative to traditional classroom-based learning.
With the reduction in overhead costs like travel, infrastructure,
and textbooks, online courses often come at a fraction of the
price of traditional degrees. Additionally, scholarships and
financial aid for online courses have made education more
accessible to economically disadvantaged students.

However, while online education is often more cost-effective, it

is important to note that the initial costs of digital infrastructure
—like smartphones, laptops, and internet access—can still
present barriers for certain segments of society, particularly in
rural and low-income areas.

4. Challenges to the Traditional Education System

Despite its many benefits, online education presents

challenges to the traditional education system in India. One of
the key issues is the digital divide, where unequal access to
technology and the internet creates a gap between students
who can benefit from online education and those who cannot.
Students in rural areas, particularly in economically backward
regions, may not have access to reliable internet connections
or devices, hindering their ability to participate in online
learning.
Additionally, online education can lack the interactive, face-to-
face engagement that traditional schooling offers. The absence
of in-person socialization and group activities can impact the
development of critical social and communication skills,
especially among younger students.

5. Future of Education: Hybrid Learning Models

The future of education in India appears to be moving towards

a hybrid model, combining the best of both traditional and
online learning methods. Hybrid models can incorporate the
flexibility of online learning while retaining the benefits of in-
person interaction, providing a balanced approach to
education.

Educational institutions across India are increasingly adopting

blended learning environments, where students have the
option to attend some classes physically while accessing other
lessons online. This approach is likely to become more
prevalent in the years to come as the education system
continues to adapt to technological advancements.

Conclusion

The impact of online education on India's modern education

system is multifaceted, with both positive and negative
consequences. While it offers increased access, flexibility, and
affordability, it also presents challenges in terms of equity and
engagement. As India moves forward, it will be crucial for
policymakers, educators, and technology developers to address
these issues and harness the full potential of online learning to
create an inclusive and effective educational system for all.
 Steps for activity
1. Place the cursor where you want the table of content to be
inserted. Generally, the table of contents is inserted in the
beginning of the document.
2. Select Insert > Indexes and table > Indexes and tables.
the dialog box will appear
3. Click OK
4. Select the text you want to use as a heading.
5. Go to the Styles tab on the right-hand side of the screen.
If the Styles pane is not visible, you can open it by clicking
F11 or by selecting View > Styles from the top menu.
6. In the Styles pane, you’ll see different categories, such as
"Paragraph Styles" and "Character Styles."
7. Under Paragraph Styles, you'll find different heading styles
like Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, etc.
8. Heading 1 is typically used for main section titles (e.g.,
Chapter 1).
9. Heading 2 is used for subsections (e.g., 1.1 Introduction).
10. Heading 3 is for sub-subsections, and so on.
11. Click on a heading style to apply it to the selected text.
12. For example, select the title of the first section and click
on Heading 1.
13. Do the same for other section titles, using Heading 2,
Heading 3, etc., as appropriate for the structure of your
document.
14. Right-click on the TOC.
15. Select Update Index/Table from the context menu.
16. The TOC will automatically update to reflect any
changes made to the document’s headings.
17. place the cursor in the white field to the left of the E#
button on the Structure line.
18. Click the Hyperlink button below the Structure line. An
LS button, representing the start of the hyperlink, appears
on the Structure line.
19. Again, place the cursor in the white field to the right of
the E button. (Remember that the E button represents the
entry text.)
20. Now, click the Hyperlink button again. An LE button,
representing the end of the hyperlink, appears on the
Structure line.
21. Click on the All button on the right of the Structure line
and click on OK.
22. Observe that all the entries in the TOC are converted
into hyperlinks.
23. You can click on any of the entry now to move to that
particular topic.
24. From the As drop-down list, select the Graphic option.
The graphics options will be displayed accordingly.
25. Click the Browse button of the File section. The Find
graphics window opens.
26. Find the graphic file that you want to use and then click
the Open button. The Find graphics window closes and the
selected graphic appears in the graphic preview box on
the right-hand side of the Background tab.
27. In the Type area of the Background tab, choose how
you want the background graphic to appear

28. To position the graphic in a specific location in the

background, select Position and then click the desired
location in the position grid.
29. To stretch the graphic so that it fills the entire
background area, select Area.
30. To repeat the graphic across the entire background
area, select Tile.
 D.B.M.S
Activity
1. click "New Database" and follow the prompts to create a
new database.
2. Once the database is open, in the left panel (called the
Database Window), you’ll see various categories like
Tables, Queries, Forms, and Reports. Click on Tables.
 In the "Tables" section, click on "Create Table in
Design View".
3. You’ll enter the Design View where you can manually
define your table structure.
4. For each field (column) in your table, you need to:
 Name the field (e.g., "ID", "Name", "Date").
 Select a data type (e.g., Text, Integer, Date,
Decimal).
 Define whether the field is a primary key (unique
identifier for each record).
 After defining your fields, click Save and give your
table a name client
5. Now enter the desired data entry
4. Click on the Queries section to access your queries.
5. in the Queries section, click on "Create Query in Design
View". This will open the Query Design View where you
can visually create and modify your SQL query.
6. In Design View, you'll see a window where you can add
tables or queries that you want to pull data from.
7. In the Show Tables dialog that appears, select the table(s)
you want to query from and click Add.
8. Click Close when you're done selecting tables.
9. In the Table row, select the name of the table to which the
selected field belongs.
10. In the Sort row, select the descending order for the
Cust_id field.
11. In the Visible row, check the fields that you wish to
show in the query result as shown in
12. Finally, click on the Run Query button to run the query.
13. You will get the records as per your specified criteria.
14. Notice, the Cust_id column is listed in the descending
order with the fields Now, click on the Save button to save
the query. The Save As dialog box appears. Enter the
suitable name for your query in Query name text box or use
default
15. Click on OK. Your query will be saved and added in the
Database Objects List pane.
16. Create a new query
17. In the function row add the sum function under the
Balance field
18. On executing the query, the result will be the sum of
balance
19. you apply the Group function in the City field and Count
function in the Name field to group the total count, city wise
20. On executing the query, you will get the query data,
which is grouped city-wise,
21. Create a new query
22. select all the field of city
23. In the criterion write LIKE ‘n%’ under the city field
24. On executing the query, the record with city starting
with n will be retrieved
 a. In the "Tables" section, click on "Create Table in
Design View".
25. You’ll enter the Design View where you can manually
define your table structure.
26. For each field (column) in your table, you need to:
a. Name the field (e.g., "ID", "Name", "Date").
b. Select a data type (e.g., Text, Integer, Date,
Decimal).
c. Define whether the field is a primary key (unique
identifier for each record).
d. After defining your fields, click Save and give your
table a name OrderT
27. Now enter the desired data entry
28. On Database window click on tools > relationship
29. The Add table dialog box will appear select the Client
table and OrderT table close the dialog box
30. drag the primary key of the parent table Client table)
and drop it over the same field in the child table (OrderT
table). Notice, a relationship has been created between both
the tables using the Cust_ID field as shown in Figure 12.18.
31. Click on the Save button on the toolbar to save the
relationship.
32. In OpenOffice Base, SQL queries are written in the SQL
View or SQL Command Window. To access it:
 Open the Queries section by clicking on the Queries tab
on the left sidebar.
 Then click on the Create Query in SQL View button (it’s
the one with the pencil icon
33. In the SQL Command Window that opens, you can now
write your SQL queries directly.
34. Write the following code:
SELECT "Cust_id", "Order_ID", "Item_name", "total_amount",
"Balance"
FROM "Client", "OrderT"
35. Now save the Query it will retrieve the record of all field
36. Open the SQL Command window that open
37. Write the following code
SELECT COUNT (“Client"."Cust_ID”), "OrderT"."Item_name"
FROM "OrderT", "Client"
WHERE "OrderT"."Cust_id" = "Client"."Cust_ID"
GROUP BY "OrderT"."Item_name"
38. It will group the Item-name by total client

Form and Report

Activity
1. click "New Database" and follow the prompts to create a
new database.
2. Once the database is open, in the left panel (called the
Database Window), you’ll see various categories like
Tables, Queries, Forms, and Reports. Click on Tables.
 In the "Tables" section, click on "Create Table in
Design View".
3. You’ll enter the Design View where you can manually
define your table structure.
4. For each field (column) in your table, you need to:
 Name the field (e.g., "ID", "Name", "Date").
 Select a data type (e.g., Text, Integer, Date,
Decimal).
 Define whether the field is a primary key (unique
identifier for each record).
 After defining your fields, click Save and give your
table a name Book_list
6. Select the use wizard to create form
7. Add al the fields by double clicking the left to right arrow
8. Click on next
9. In step 5 select align left
10. Click on next
11. Style of from will be aske din step 7
12. Click next
13. In step 8 name the form book_list
14. Click finish
15. To add a new record, follow these steps:
16. Click on the New Record button Do on the Form
Navigation toolbar.
17. Enter the required information in blank fields.
18. Click on the Save button on the Form Navigation
toolbar.
19. You can view the record that you have entered through
the form in the table by clicking on the table name from the
Database Objects pane.
 Activity 2:
1. Click on Reports>Use Wizard to create Report.
2.Select the fields according to the question to
be displayed in the field.
3.Go to the 5th step and apply the layout for the
report. Click on next
4.Select the Dynamic Report and click on OK.
5.Save the created report

Activity 2
1. Create a new database and save it.
2. Create the table provided in the question by following the
previous steps.
3. Go to Queries and click on create query in SQL view.
4. Enter the query: SELECT* FROM “TEACHERS” Where
Subject= „Computer‟
5. Press F5 and save it.
6. Create another query and enter the query: SELECT * FROM
“TEACHERS” WHERE “Salary” BETWEEN 20000 AND 35000.
7. Press F5 and save it.
8. Create another query and enter the query: SELECT
“Subject”, “Age” FROM “TEACHERS” WHERE “AGE” > 40
9. Press F5 and save it. 7.For query 4
10. Create another query and enter the query: SELECT
“NAME” FROM “TEACHERS” ORDER BY” NAME” ASC
11. Press F5 and save it. 8.Save the database and close it.