Some Important Derivation and Numerical Checklist of Physics

Class XI: PHYSICS

CHAPTER 2 UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS: ERROR ANALYSIS AND SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Q1. Round off the following number as indicated: (a) 18.35 upto 3 digits (b)143.45 upto 4 digits (c)18967 upto 3 digits
(d) 12.653 upto 3 digits (e) 248337 upto 3 digits ()321.135 upto 5 digits (g) 101.55 x106 upto 4 digits (h) 31.325 x
10-5 upto 4 digits. (i) 12.65 upto 3 digits.
Q2. Write the number of significant figures of the following value: (a) 0.007 m2 (b) 2.64 x1024 kg (c) 0.2370 g cm-3 (d)
6.320 J (e) 6.032 m2 (f) 0.006032 m3
Q3. The length breadth and thickness of a rectangular sheet of metal are 4.234 m, 1.005m and 2.01 cm respectively.
Find the area and volume of the sheet to correct significant figures.
Q4. What is meant by unit of measurement?
Q5. What is the difference between mN, Nm and nm?
Q6. Give an approximate ratio of 1AU and 1 light year.
Q7. Write the full form of SONAR and RADAR.
Q8. If the diameter of circle is 2.486 m. Calculate its area with due regards to significant figures.( ).

CHAPTER 3: DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS

 Conversion of one unit into another unit

Q1. Covert a power of 1MW on a system whose fundamental units are 100 g, 1 dm and 1 minute.
Q2. A calorie is a unit of heat or energy and it is equal to about 4.2 J, where 1J=1kgm2s-2. Suppose we employ a system
of units in which the unit of mass equals x kg, the unit of length is y m and unit of time is z s. Show that a calorie
has magnitude 4.2x-1y-2z2 in terms of new units
Q3. What will be the value of force of 100 Newton in a system having metre, kilogram, and minute as a fundamental
unit?
 Relation between different physical quantities
Q4. Derive by the method of dimension, an expression for time period (T) of oscillation of the simple pendulum,
assuming that time period depends on the length of the pendulum (l) and acceleration due to gravity (g).
Q5. Assuming that the frequency of the vibrating string depend upon the load (F) applied, length of the string (l)

and mass per unit length. Prove that √ using dimensional analysis.
Q6. The velocity v of water waves depends on the wavelength λ, density of water ρ and the acceleration due to gravity
g. Deduce by the method of dimensions the relationship between these quantities.

 Check the dimensional correctness of the equation

Q7. The Vander Waals equation ( P ) (V b) = RT , what are dimensions of constants ‘a’ and ‘b’? Where P is
pressure, V is volume, T is temperature and R is universal gas constant.
Q8. Find the dimensions of a x b in the equation: E=a x + bt2, where E is energy, x is distance and t is time.
Q9. Write the dimensions of a/b in the relation F = a √x + bt2. Given x is in metres and t is in seconds.

CHAPTER 4:MOTION IN STRAIGHT LINE

Q1. . Derive three equation of motion { a) v = u + at b) s = ut + at2 c) v2 - u2 = 2as} by calculus
method.

1
 Q2. A parachutist bails out from an aeroplane and after dropping through a distance of 40 m, he open the parachute
and decelerates at 2 m/s2 .If he reaches the ground with a speed of 2 m/s ,how long is he in the air. At what
height did he bail out from the plane?
Q3. A body covers one third of its journey with speed u, next one third with speed v and the last one third with
speed w. calculate the average speed of the body during the entire journey.
Q4. A body covers a distance of 20 m in 7th second and 24m in 9th second. How much distance shall it travel in the 15th
second?
Q5. An astronaut jumps from an aeroplane. After he had fallen 40 m , then his parachute opens. Now he falls
with a retardation of 2.0 m/s2 and reaches the earth with the velocity of 3.0 m/s. What was the height of
the aeroplane? For how long astronaut remained in air?
Q6. When a balloon rising vertically upwards at a velocity of 10m/s is at a height of 45 m from the ground, a
parachutist bails out from the balloon. After 3 second, he opens the parachute and decelerates at a constant rate
of 5 m/s2. (a) What is the height of the parachutist above the ground when he opens the parachute? (b) How far is
he from the balloon at this instant?(c) With what velocity does he strike the ground? (d) What time does he take
in striking the ground after his exit from the balloon? (g= 10 m/s2)
Q7. Learn difference between distance and displacement, speed and velocity and uniform and non-uniform motion.
Q8. Basic idea about graphs

CHAPTER 5: MOTION IN A PLANE

Q1. A projectile is fired horizontally with velocity u. Show that path of projectile is parabolic. Find the expressions
for (i) maximum range (ii) time of flight (iii) velocity at any instant of time
Q2. What do you mean by projectile? A projectile is fired with an angle θ with a horizontal. Show that path of
projectile is parabolic. Find the expressions for (i) maximum height attained and (ii) time of flight (iii) horizontal
range.
Q3. Define dot product and cross product and write expression for each .
Q4. Find the angle between the vectors A = – 2i – j – k and B = i – j – k.
Q5. Under what condition will the equality I A x B I = A. B hold good?
Q6. What is centripetal acceleration?
Q7. Find the angle between the vectors A =5 i +10j – 5k and B = 2i + j – 4k.
Q8. The position of an object moving along x axis is given by x = a + bt2 where a = 8.5m, b= 2.5m/s2 and t is measured
in seconds. What is the velocity at t=0 s and t = 2 s? What is the average velocity between t= 2 s and t = 4 s.
Q9. A projectile is fired horizontally with a velocity of 98 m/s from the top of a hill 490 m high. Find (a) the time
taken to reach the ground (b) the distance of target from the hill (c) speed at time t= 5 second.
Q10. A stone thrown vertically upward and it returns to the thrower. Is it a projectile?
Q11. A stone is thrown from the top of the tower at an angle of 30 up the horizontal with a velocity of 16 m/s .After 4
seconds of flight it strike the ground. Calculate the height of the tower from the ground and the horizontal range
of the stone.( g= 9.8 m/s2)
Q12. An arrow is thrown in the air .Its time of flight is 5 s and range is 200 m. Determine (i) the vertical component of
the velocity of projection,(ii) the horizontal component, (iii) maximum height (iv) the angle made with horizontal.
(g= 9.8 m/s2)

CHAPTER 6: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

Q1. Derive the relation for acceleration and tension in the string for two bodies of mass m1 and m2 , connected by a
string which passes over a smooth pulley supported by a rigid support.

2
 Q2. In fig 1, find acceleration of the system and the tensions T1 and T2 in the strings. Assume that the table and the
pulleys are frictionless and the strings are massless. Take g=9.8 ms-2.
Q3. Three blocks connected together lie on a horizontal frictionless table (Fig 2) and pulled to the right with a force
F= 50 N. If m1=5kg, m2=10kg and m3=15 kg, find the tension T1 and T2.

Figure 1(Que no 2) Figure 2(Que no 3)

Q4. In figure 3 A boy pulls a toy having two carriages placed on a frictionless table by applying a force of 1.5 N at 30°
in a vertical plane. Calculate (i) the acceleration of the 40 g carriage, (ii) the acceleration of the 20 g carriage and (iii)
the tension in the string fastened between the two carriages. Show in the figure the forces acting on both
separately.
Q5. In the given figure 4 , three blocks are connected by strings. Masses of blocks are m, 3m and 5m respectively and
they are pulled by a force F on a frictionless horizontal surface. The tension P in the first string is 16 N. Calculate: (i)
acceleration of blocks, (ii) tension Q in the second string, (iii) force F.

Figure 3(Que no 4) Figure 4 (Que no 5)

Q6. What is principle of conservation of linear momentum?

Q7. Write Newton’s 3rd law of motion and define inertia.
Q8. Why are passengers thrown forward from their seats when a speeding bus stops suddenly? Explain.
Q9. What do you mean by impulse of a force? Obtain the relation between impulse and momentum.
Q10. What is concurrent force?
Q11. Why cricketer pulls his hand backward while catching the ball?
Q12. Prove that Newton’s second law is the real law of motion.
Q13. State Newton's first law of motion, second law of motion and third law of motion.

CHAPTER 7: FRICTION
Q1. Pulling is easier than to push the roller. Explain by mathematical expression.

3
Q2. A bullet of mass 0.04 kg moving at 90 m/s strikes a heavy wooden block and travels inside it at a distance of 60 cm
before being stopped. Find the average resistive force on the bullet exerted by the block.
Q3. Two block each of mass 3,0 kg, are connected by a light cord and placed on a rough horizontal surface. When a
horizontal force of 20 N is applied on a block, an acceleration of 0.50 m/s2 is produced in each block. Find the
tension in the string and frictional force which is same on both block.
Q4. Static friction force is self-adjusting friction force. Comment.
Q5. A car moving on a straight road at a speed of 20 m s-1 . The coefficient of friction between the tyres of the car and
the road is 0.4. Find the shortest distance which the car can be stopped. (g = 10 ms -2 )
Q6. A block placed on a rough inclined plane of length 4.0 m just begins to slide down when the upper end of the plane
is 1.0 m high from the ground. Calculate the coefficient of static friction.
Q7. A block rests on a plane of variable inclination. Find the incline of the plane with the horizontal at which the block
just slides down. The coefficient of friction between the block and the plane is .
Q8. A block of mass 0.05 kg when placed on a rough 15°-inclined plane slides down without acceleration. The
inclination is then increased to 30°. What would be the acceleration of the block?(g = 10 ms -2 )

Q9. A horse has to pull a cart harder in the initial stage of his motion .Why?

Q10. A block of mass 1.5 kg is placed on a rough horizontal surface is pulled by a constant horizontal force of 1.2 kg-f.
The coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is 0.3. Find the acceleration produced in terms of g.

CHAPTER 8 UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION

Q1. What is angle of banking? Derive expression for maximum velocity for safe turning .
⁄
Vmax =[ ]

Q2. Explain with the help of neat diagram how banking provides the centripetal force necessary for a car to move
along the circular track. Derive expression for maximum velocity for banked road.
Q3. Why does a bicycle rider lean inward while taking a turn, decreases his velocity and adopt such a path whose
radius be large?
Q4. Explain motion in vertical circle. Obtain expression for velocity and tension in a string when body moves in
vertical circle
Q5. Derive the expression between angular velocity and linear velocity of a body in circular motion.
Q6. An aircraft executes a horizontal loop of radius 1km with a steady speed of 900 km/h. Compare its
centripetal acceleration with the acceleration due to gravity.(g= 9.8 m/s2)
Q7. A particle is completing 5 revolutions per second in a circle of radius 6 cm. Calculate its linear velocity and
centripetal acceleration acting on it.
Q8. A particle moves in a circle of radius 25 cm at 2 revolutions per second. What will be the acceleration of of the
particle in m/s 2?
Q9. Why does a child in merry go round press the side of his seat radially outwards?
Q10. Stone tied to the end of a string 80 centimetre long is whirled in a horizontal circle with the constant speed if the
stone makes 14 revolutions in 25 second what is the magnitude and direction of acceleration of the stone?

CHAPTER 9: WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

Q.1. Derive an expression for kinetic energy of a body (by calculus method) for a variable force.
Q.2. Define mechanical energy of the body show that the mechanical energy of the body is conserved when it falls
freely under gravity.

4
 Q.3. Find the loss in kinetic energy when collision between two moving bodies is perfectly inelastic.
Q.4. Define potential energy. Derive an expression for the potential energy stored in a system of block attached to
a massless spring when the block is pulled from its equilibrium position.
Q.5. Satellite revolves around the earth under the gravitational force exerted upon it by the earth does it performs any
work?

Q.6. What is conservative force and non-conservative force?

Q.7. If body moves in circular path, then what will be work-done by centripetal force?
Q.8. When is the work done by a force is positive and when is it negative?
Q.9. A body of mass 5 kg initially at rests subjected to a force of 20 N . What is the kinetic energy acquired by the
body at the end of 10 s?
Q.10. Define SI unit of work. What is power? Writes its SI unit?
Q.11. Name the kinetic energy of the body is increased by 3 times, its momentum is increased by:
(a) 9 times (b) 3 times (c) times (d) times
Q.12. When mass and speed of a body is doubled, the kinetic energy increases:
(a) 2 times (b) 4 times (c) 8 times (d) 16 times
Q.13. A long spiral is stretched by 2 cm, its potential energy is U. If the string is stretched by 10 cm ,then potential
energy of the spring is:
(a) U/25 (b) U/5 (c) (d)
Q.14. The kinetic energy of a mass connected to a spring will be maximum in
(a) Stretched position (b) mean position (c) compressed position (d) motionless position
Q.15. Does a man standing at rest on a stationary lift possess kinetic energy?.............
CHAPTER 10 CENTRE OF MASS
Q.1. The distance between the centres of carbon and oxygen atoms in CO molecule is 0.12 nm. The distance of the
centre of mass of the molecule from the carbon atom is: (g = 10 ms-2)
(a) 0.03nm (b) 0.05nm (c) 0.06 nm (d) 0.07nm
Q.2. Three point masses of 1kg,2kg and 3 kg lie at (1,2), (0,-1) and (2,-3) respectively. Find the co-ordinates of centre
of mass of the system.
Q.3. What is difference between centre of mass and centre of gravity?
Q.4. Where does the centre of mass of two particle system lie, if one particle is heavier than the other?
Q.5. Four particles of masses m, m, 2m and 2m are placed at the four corners of a square of side a. Find the centre of
mass of the system.
Q.6. Two particles of masses 1.0 kg and 4.0 kg are 1 m apart. Find the location of the centre of mass.
Q.7. Three identical spheres A, B and C each of radius R are placed touching one another on horizontal table. Where is
the centre of mass of the system located relative to A.
Q.8. If the centre of mass of three particles of mass 40 g, 20 g and 30 g is at the point (1,-2, 3), then where should a
fourth particle of mass 80 g be placed, so that the combined centre of mass of the system is at (1,1,1)?