/*
1. Write a C++ program for drawing graphics
primitives and color it.
*/
CODE:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode,
"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
//LINE
line(250,200,350,350);
//CIRCLE
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,GREEN);
circle(140,150,80);
floodfill(141,150,WHITE);
//RECTANGLE
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,RED);
rectangle(400,100,600,200);
floodfill(401,110,WHITE);
//TRIANGLE
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BLUE);
line(140,290,50,450);
line(140,290,230,450);
line(50,450,230,450);
floodfill(141,300,WHITE);
//SQUARE
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,YELLOW);
rectangle(400,300,550,450);
floodfill(401,310,WHITE);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
/*
2. Write a C++ program to divide screen into
four region and draw circle,rectangle,arc
and ellipse.
*/
CODE:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
int xmax,ymax;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode,
"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
xmax = getmaxx();
ymax = getmaxy();
line(xmax/2,0,xmax/2,ymax);
line(0,ymax/2,xmax,ymax/2);
circle(170,125,100);
rectangle(58,251,304,392);
arc(500,150,45,135,100);
ellipse(500,300,0,360,75,25);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
/*
3. Write a C++ program for drawing a simple
object.
*/
CODE:
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int gdriver=DETECT,gmode;
initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"C:\\turboc3\\bgi");
line(100,100,150,50); // two lines forming the
line(150,50,200,100); // triangle shape
line(150,50,350,50); // lines forming the roof
line(350,50,400,100);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,RED);
rectangle(100,100,200,200); // first rectangle
floodfill(101,199,WHITE);
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BLUE);
rectangle(200,100,400,200); // second rectangle
floodfill(201,199,WHITE);
setfillstyle(LINE_FILL,GREEN);
rectangle(130,130,170,200); // door
floodfill(131,169,WHITE);
setfillstyle(LINE_FILL,YELLOW);
rectangle(250,120,350,180); // window
floodfill(251,179,WHITE);
setfillstyle(LINE_FILL,RED); // filling the
floodfill(149,99,WHITE); // colour in the
// triangle shape
setfillstyle(LINE_FILL,BLUE); // filling the
floodfill(201,99,WHITE); // colour in the
// roof
getch();
closegraph();
}
OUTPUT:
/*
4. Write a c++ program for drawing a line using
DDA and Bresahnams Line Drawing Algorithm
*/
CODE:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
int sign(int x)
{
if(x<0)
return -1;
else if(x>0)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
void bline(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int col)
{
int dx,dy,e,x,y,i=1;
dx=x2-x1;
dy=y2-y1;
x=x1;
y=y1;
e=2*dy-dx;
while(i<=dx)
{
while(e>=0)
{
y++;
e=e-2*dx;
}
x++;
e=e+2*dy;
putpixel(x,y,col);
i++;
}
}
void ddaline(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int
col)
{
int x,y,len,i;
float dx,dy;
if(x1==x2 && y1==y2)
putpixel(x1,y1,col);
else
{
dx=abs(x2-x1);
dy=abs(y2-y1);
if(dx>dy)
len=dx;
else
len=dy;
dx=(x2-x1)/len;
dy=(y2-y1)/len;
x=x1+0.5*sign(dx);
y=y1+0.5*sign(dy);
i=1;
while(i<len)
{
putpixel(x,y,col);
x=x+dx;
y=y+dy;
i++;
}
}
}
int main()
{
int ch,col,x1,x2,y1,y2;
cout<<"\n------------MENU------------\n"
cout<<"1.USING DDA\n";
cout<<"2.Using Bresahnams\n";
cout<<"\nEnter your choice : \n";
cin>>ch;
cout<<"\nEnter points x1,y1,x2,y2 : \n";
cin>>x1>>y1>>x2>>y2;
cout<<"\nEnter colour 1-15 : \n";
cin>>col;
if(col>15||col<1)
col=1;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,”c:\\turboc3\\bgi”);
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
ddaline(x1,y1,x2,y2,col);
ddaline(300,300,400,300,col);
ddaline(300,300,300,400,col);
ddaline(300,400,400,400,col);
ddaline(400,400,400,300,col);
break;
case 2:
bline(x1,y1,x2,y2,col);
ddaline(300,300,400,300,col);
ddaline(300,300,300,400,col);
ddaline(300,400,400,400,col);
ddaline(400,400,400,300,col);
break;
default :
cout<<"\nEnter valid choice :\n";
}
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
/*
5. A) Write a C++ program for drawing a
following pattern(diamond in rectangle)
*/
CODE:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
int sign(int x)
{
if(x<0)
return -1;
else if(x>0)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
void bline(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int col)
{
int dx,dy,e,x,y,i=1;
dx=x2-x1;
dy=y2-y1;
x=x1;
y=y1;
e=2*dy-dx;
while(i<=dx)
{
while(e>=0)
{
y++;
e=e-2*dx;
}
x++;
e=e+2*dy;
putpixel(x,y,col);
i++;
}
}
void ddaline(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int
col)
{
int x,y,len,i;
float dx,dy;
if(x1==x2 && y1==y2)
putpixel(x1,y1,col);
else
{
dx=x2-x1;
dy=y2-y1;
if(dx>dy)
len=dx;
else
len=dy;
dx=(x2-x1)/len;
dy=(y2-y1)/len;
x=x1+0.5*sign(dx);
y=y1+0.5*sign(dy);
i=1;
while(i<len)
{
putpixel(x,y,col);
x=x+dx;
y=y+dy;
i++;
}
}
}
int main()
{
int ch,col,x1,x2,y1,y2;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
setbkcolor(WHITE);
ddaline(50,50,50,200,2); //left vert
ddaline(50,50,350,50,4); //up horizontal
ddaline(350,50,350,200,6); //right vert
ddaline(50,200,350,200,7); //down
horizontal
ddaline(200,50,50,125,9); //diamond up left
bline(50,125,200,200,12); //diamond
left,down
ddaline(350,125,200,200,14);//diamond
down,right
bline(200,50,350,125,3); //diamond right,up
ddaline(275,87,275,163,4);//in right
ddaline(125,87,275,87,5);//in up
ddaline(125,87,125,163,6);//in left
ddaline(125,163,275,163,2);//in down
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
/*
5. B) Write a c++ program inscribed and
circumscribed circles in triangle
CODE:
#include<iostream.H>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void ddaAlg(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)
{
int dx=x2-x1;
int dy=y2-y1;
int steps=dx>dy?dx:dy;
float xInc=dx/(float)steps;
float yInc=dy/(float)steps;
float x=x1;
float y=y1;
for(int i=0;i<=steps;i++)
{
putpixel(x,y,14);
x+=xInc;
y+=yInc;
}
}
void display(int xc,int yc,int x,int y)
{
putpixel(xc+x, yc+y, 3);
putpixel(xc-x, yc+y, 3);
putpixel(xc+x, yc-y, 3);
putpixel(xc-x, yc-y, 3);
putpixel(xc+y, yc+x, 3);
putpixel(xc-y, yc+x, 3);
putpixel(xc+y, yc-x, 3);
putpixel(xc-y, yc-x, 3);
}
void CircleB(int x1,int y1,int r)
{
int x=0,y=r;
int d=3-2*r;
display(x1,y1,x,y);
while(y>=x)
{
x++;
if(d>0)
{
y--;
d=d+4*(x-y)+10;
}
else
{
d=d+4*x+6;
}
display(x1,y1,x,y);
}
}
int main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
CircleB(150,180,57);
CircleB(150,180,57/2);
ddaAlg(102,150,198,150);
ddaAlg(102,150,150,236);
ddaAlg(150,236,198,150);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
/* Write C++ program to draw a concave
polygon and fill it with desired color
using scan fill algorithm.
*/
CODE:
#include <conio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
class point
{
public:
int x,y;
};
class poly
{
private:
point p[20];
int inter[20],x,y;
int v,xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax;
public:
int c;
void read();
void calcs();
void display();
void ints(float);
void sort(int);
};
void poly::read()
{
int i;
cout<<"\n\t SCAN_FILL ALGORITHM";
cout<<"\n Enter the no of vertices
of polygon:";
cin>>v;
if(v>2)
{
for(i=0;i<v; i++)
{
cout<<"\nEnter the co-
ordinate no.- "<<i+1<<" : ";
cout<<"\n\tx"<<(i+1)<<"=";
cin>>p[i].x;
cout<<"\n\ty"<<(i+1)<<"=";
cin>>p[i].y;
}
p[i].x=p[0].x;
p[i].y=p[0].y;
xmin=xmax=p[0].x;
ymin=ymax=p[0].y;
}
else
cout<<"\n Enter valid no. of
vertices.";
}
void poly::calcs()
{ //MAX,MIN
for(int i=0;i<v;i++)
{
if(xmin>p[i].x)
xmin=p[i].x;
if(xmax<p[i].x)
xmax=p[i].x;
if(ymin>p[i].y)
ymin=p[i].y;
if(ymax<p[i].y)
ymax=p[i].y;
}
}
void poly::display()
{
int ch1;
char ch='y';
float s,s2;
do
{
cout<<"\n\nMENU:";
cout<<"\n\n\t1 . Scan line Fill
";
cout<<"\n\n\t2 . Exit ";
cout<<"\n\nEnter your choice:";
cin>>ch1;
switch(ch1)
{
case 1:
s=ymin+0.01;
delay(100);
cleardevice();
while(s<=ymax)
{
ints(s);
sort(s);
s++;
}
break;
case 2:
exit(0);
}
cout<<"Do you want to
continue?: ";
cin>>ch;
}while(ch=='y' || ch=='Y');
}
void poly::ints(float z)
{
int x1,x2,y1,y2,temp;
c=0;
for(int i=0;i<v;i++)
{
x1=p[i].x;
y1=p[i].y;
x2=p[i+1].x;
y2=p[i+1].y;
if(y2<y1)
{
temp=x1;
x1=x2;
x2=temp;
temp=y1;
y1=y2;
y2=temp;
}
if(z<=y2&&z>=y1)
{
if((y1-y2)==0)
x=x1;
else
{
x=((x2-x1)*(z-y1))/(y2-
y1);
x=x+x1;
}
if(x<=xmax && x>=xmin)
inter[c++]=x;
}
}
}
void poly::sort(int z)
{
int temp,j,i;
for(i=0;i<v;i++)
{
line(p[i].x,p[i].y,p[i+1].x,p[i+1].y);
}
delay(100);
for(i=0; i<c;i+=2)
{
delay(100);
line(inter[i],z,inter[i+1],z);
}
}
int main()
{
int cl;
initwindow(500,600);
cleardevice();
poly x;
x.read();
x.calcs();
cleardevice();
cout<<"\n\tEnter the colour u
want:(0-15)->"; //Selecting colour
cin>>cl;
setcolor(cl);
x.display();
closegraph(); //CLOSE OF GRAPH
getch();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
/*7. Write C++ program to implement
Cohen Southerland line clipping
algorithm.
*/
CODE:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void Window()
{
line (200,200,350,200);
line(350,200,350,350);
line(200,200,200,350);
line(200,350,350,350);
}
void Code(char c[4],float x,float y)
{ c[0]=(x<200)?'1':'0';
c[1]=(x>350)?'1':'0';
c[2]=(y<200)?'1':'0';
c[3]=(y>350)?'1':'0';
}
void Clipping (char c[],char d[],float
&x,float &y,float m)
{
int flag=1,i=0;
for (i=0;i<4;i++)
{
if(c[i]!='0' && d[i]!='0')
{
flag=0;
break;
}
if(flag)
{
if(c[0]!='0')
{
y=m*(200-x)+y;
x=200;
}
else if(c[1]!='0')
{
y=m*(350-x)+y;
x=350;
}
else if(c[2]!='0')
{
x=((200-y)/m)+x;
y=200;
}
else if(c[3]!='0')
{
x=((350-y)/m)+x;
y=350;
}
}
if (flag==0)
cout<<"Line lying outside";
}
}
void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
float x1,y1,x2,y2;
float m;
char c[4],d[4];
clrscr();
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode,
"//Turboc3//bgi");
cout<<"Enter coordinates";
cin>>x1>>y1>>x2>>y2;
cout<<"Before clipping";
Window();
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
cleardevice();
m=float((y2-y1)/(x2-x1));
Code(c,x1,y1);
Code(d,x2,y2) ;
Clipping(c,d,x1,y1,m);
Clipping(d,c,x2,y2,m);
cout<<"After Clipping";
Window();
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
closegraph();
}
OUTPUT:
