Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1 views

    Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    sherif.tarek3

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    sherif.tarek3
    1 views2 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views2 pages

    Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    sherif.tarek3

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Name: Nermeen Osama Abd Elaziem ID:6212006

    Diabetes

    Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose (or blood
    sugar), which leads over time to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.
    The most common is type 2 diabetes, usually in adults, which occurs when the body becomes resistant
    to insulin or doesn't make enough insulin. In the past 3 decades the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has
    risen dramatically in countries of all income levels. Type 1 diabetes, once known as juvenile diabetes
    or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin
    by itself. For people living with diabetes, access to affordable treatment, including insulin, is critical to
    their survival. There is a globally agreed target to halt the rise in diabetes and obesity by 2025. About
    422 million people worldwide have diabetes, the majority living in low-and middle-income countries,
    and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Both the number of cases and the
    prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades.

    Prevalence:

    Type one diabetes antibody prevalence is more than 80% of pediatric and adolescent patients and they
    are autoantibody-positive. ICA (Islet Cell Antibodies) and GADA (glutamic acid decarboxylase
    antibodies) were the most frequently detected autoantibodies. The presence of antibodies was
    significantly higher in females.

    Egypt: Epidemiology of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Nile Delta, northern Egypt
    T1DM incidence and prevalence were found to show an increase over the past 18 years (1994-2011).
    Incidence and prevalence were higher in females and more cases were found to originate from
    countryside.

    UK: Approximately 400,000 people are currently living with type 1 diabetes in the UK, including
    around 29,000 children.
    The number of new diagnoses of type 1 diabetes is increasing by about four per cent each year.
    Among children with diabetes in England and Wales, 96 per cent have type 1 diabetes.
    The next statistic show the share of young people under the age of 24, with type 1 by ethnicity from
    2020 to 2021:

    United States of America: Among US adults aged 18 years or older, age-adjusted data for 2018–
    2019 indicated the following:
    For both men and women, prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was highest among American Indians
    and Alaska Natives (14.5%), followed by non-Hispanic Blacks (12.1%), people of Hispanic origin
    (11.8%), non-Hispanic Asians (9.5%) and non-Hispanic Whites (7.4%).

    Cost of diabetes:
    The total estimated cost of diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. in 2022 is $412.9 billion, including $306.6
    billion in direct medical costs and $106.3 billion in indirect costs attributable to diabetes. For cost
    categories analyzed, care for people diagnosed with diabetes accounts for 1 in 4 health care dollars in
    the U.S., 61% of which are attributable to diabetes. On average people with diabetes incur annual
    medical expenditures of $19,736, of which approximately $12,022 is attributable to diabetes. People
    diagnosed with diabetes, on average, have medical expenditures 2.6 times higher than what would be
    expected without diabetes. Glucose-lowering medications and diabetes supplies account for 17% of the
    total direct medical costs attributable to diabetes. Major contributors to indirect costs are reduced
    employment due to disability ($28.3 billion), presenteeism ($35.8 billion), and lost productivity due to
    338,526 premature deaths ($32.4 billion).

    You might also like