Scribd
Upload
43 views6 pages

Morphology and Syntax

Uploaded by

lammma220
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
43 views6 pages

Morphology and Syntax

Uploaded by

lammma220
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Question 1- Explain the ambiguity of the following sentence:

The teacher said on Sunday he would take a first lesson.

Meaning 1: the teacher is giving his rst class to the students on Sunday

Meaning 2: The teacher himself is studying and his rst class will start on Sunday

Question 2- Draw a tree diagram for the following sentence:


John saw that Mary thought that Sally loved her family. S
├── NP (John)
├── VP
│ ├── V (saw)
Creating a tree diagram involves breaking down the sentence into its syntactic
│ └── CP
components. Here is a textual description of the tree structure:
│ ├── C (that)
│ └── S
│ ├── NP (Mary)
│ ├── VP
│ │ ├── V (thought)
│ │ └── CP
│ │ ├── C (that)
│ │ └── S
│ │ ├── NP (Sally)
│ │ ├── VP
│ │ │ ├── V (loved)
│ │ │ └── NP (her family)
```
Question 3-explain the ungrammaticality by using syntactic rules:
 *A needed her girl.
 *The boys is playing.
 *I had my books on table.

This sentence is ungrammatical because it does not follow the PP rules which is P + NP

This sentence is ungrammatical because there is no subject verb agreement

This sentence is ungrammatical because it does not follow the sentence rule which is NP + VP
Question 4- select the phrase types and then apply the required test for each
one:
1-He threw the books on the table with his keys. (Question and
movement test )

2-Sally explains extremely loudly in the lecture.(Movement test)

3-That lady who will came from China is lily. (Substitution test)

4-My parents are angry about my marks. (substitution with so)

5- They catch that squirrel with short thin tail. (It cleft clause test)

1- Phrase type: PP
On the table, He threw the books with his keys.
Where did he throw the books and his keys?

2- Phrase type: ADVP


extremely loudly, Sally explains in the lecture.

3- Phrase type : NP
She is Lily.

4- Phrase type: ADJP


My parents are angry about my marks and my friends are so too.
5- Phrase type: NP
It is that squirrel with short thin tail that they catch.
Question 5- Mind map:

Question 6: True and False:


 In this sentence: She was walked the school. The morpheme “-ed’’ is an
inflectional morpheme. (False)
(The sentence is ungrammatical, and "walked" should be used di erently).

 The inflectional morpheme -s (as in: He draws a picture.) appears as a sign


of agreement between the verb and the subject. (True)

 Every word is a free morpheme. (False)

 Bound morphemes are always come with a free morpheme. (True )

 He has 4 cats. The morpheme “s” carries plurality sign. (True)

 The morpheme “-ed” as in (walked and studied ) are exampless of


allomorphs.(True)

 Syntax studies the arrangement of words in a sentence. (True)

 We use syntactic rules to produce many phrases and sentences. (True)


 Phrases and sentences can only be represented via a tree diagram.(False)

 Etymology refers to the study of the origin and history of words. (True)

 The main categories such as (NP, VP, PN , PP, AvP and AdjP etc) are not
the main components of phrases. (False)

 If replacing one element by another it must be carrying the same lexical


category. (True)

 Phrases are considere to be constituents (True)

Question 7: Chose the correct answer:

1-In ………process, we add two words together to form a new word as in


“downtown”.
 Clipping
 Borrowing Compounding
 Blending
2-In ………….process, we cut off the last syllable of a word.
 Blending
 Clipping
 Affixation

3- When we combine two or more words to form a new word, this process is
known as……….
 Compounding
 Coinage
 Affixation

4- The word “pepsi” an example of……..


Coinage
 Compounding
 Borrowing
 Blending

5- ……… is a word formation process that removes a few letters when combining
two words together.
 Blending
 Compounding
 Borrowing

6- words sharia law and kaban in Arabic are…


 Borrowed
 Affix
 Prefix

7- Croissant, piano and tattoo are examples of borrowed words from…..


 French, Italian and Dutch
 Latin
 Italian and Indian

8-“Xerox” as a word in English is derived via …….process.


 Clipping
 Compounding Coinage
 Blending

9- It is ok to say that …….. is given to all invented new words in English.


 Coinage
 Affixation
 None

10- …….. as a morphological process that refers to newly invented words.

 Blending
 Coinage
 Affixation
11-In …………process, we change a sound not the word itself.
 Alternation
 Movement
 Substitution

Question 8: Compare between inflectional and derivational morphemes in the case


of changing the words categories.
derivational morphemes: they change the lexical category of words upon adding them

For example: when we add er to the word teach (V) it becomes teacher (N)

In ectional morphemes: they cannot change the lexical category upon adding them.

Example: cat is a noun and upon adding the in ectional morpheme s to it which indicates plurality, and its
lexical category remains the same

Quotation 9: 5 examples of noun phrases and their forms.


Art + noun = a dog
Art + adj + noun = a
strong man
Prof he
PN = Ahmad
PN= Saleh

Question 10: explains the following terms:


 Allomorph
 Morphology
 Syntax
Allomorph: Variants of a morpheme that di er in pronunciation but not in
meaning (e.g., the plural endings -s, -es, and -en in "cats," "dishes," and
"oxen").
Morphology: The study of the structure and formation of words.
Syntax: The study of the rules and principles that govern the structure of

You might also like