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NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 10-
Straight Lines
Exercise Page No: 178

Short Answer type:
1. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the point (1, – 2) and
cuts off equal intercepts from axes.
Solution:
2. Find the equation of the line passing through the point (5, 2) and perpendicular to
the line joining the points (2, 3) and (3, – 1).
Solution:
Given points are A (5, 2), B (2, 3) and C (3, -1)
Straight Lines
Solution:
Straight Lines
or - √3
or (- √3)
or 120o
or 120o.
4. Find the equation of the lines which passes through the point (3, 4) and cuts off
intercepts from the coordinate axes such that their sum is 14.
Solution:
Straight Lines
5. Find the points on the line x + y = 4 which lie at a unit distance from the line 4x + 3y
= 10.
Solution:
Let (x1, y1) be any point lying in the equation x+ y = 4
Straight Lines
∴ x1 + y1 = 4 …..1
Distance of the point (x1, y1) from the equation 4x + 3y = 10
Putting the value of y1 = 4 – x1 in equation 3, we get

4x1 + 3(4 – x1) = 5
⇒ 4x1 + 12 – 3x1 = 5
⇒ x1 = 5 – 12
⇒ x1 = - 7
Putting the value of x1 in equation 4, we get
y1 = 4 – (-7)
⇒ y1 = 4 + 7
⇒ y1 = 11
Hence, the required points on the given line are (3, 1) and (-7, 11)
Straight Lines
Solution:
Straight Lines
Hence the proof.
7. Find the equation of lines passing through (1, 2) and making angle 30° with y-axis.
Solution:
Straight Lines
Given that line passing through (1, 2) making an angle 30° with y – axis.
Angle made by the line with x – axis is (90° - 30°) = 60°
∴ Slope of the line, m = tan 60°
= √3
So, the equation of the line passing through the point (x1, y1) and having slope ‘m’ is
y – y1 = m (x – x1)
Here, (x1, y1) = (1, 2) and m = √3
⇒ y – 2 = √3(x – 1)
⇒ y – 2 = √3x - √3
⇒ y - √3x + √3 - 2 = 0
8. Find the equation of the line passing through the point of intersection of 2x + y = 5
and x + 3y + 8 = 0 and parallel to the line 3x + 4y = 7.
Solution:
Given lines are
2x + y = 5 ……1
x + 3y = -8 ……2
Firstly, we find the point of intersection of equation 1 and equation 2
Multiply the equation 2 by 2, we get
2x + 6y = -16 …….3
On subtracting equation 3 from 1, we get
2x + y – 2x – 6y = 5 – (-16)
On simplifying we get
Straight Lines
⇒ -5y = 5 + 16
⇒ -5y = 21
Straight Lines
9. For what values of a and b the intercepts cut off on the coordinate axes by the line
ax + by + 8 = 0 are equal in length but opposite in signs to those cut off by the line 2x –
3y + 6 = 0 on the axes.
Solution:
Straight Lines
10. If the intercept of a line between the coordinate axes is divided by the point (–5, 4)
in the ratio 1:2, then find the equation of the line.
Solution:
Straight Lines
11. Find the equation of a straight line on which length of perpendicular from the
origin is four units and the line makes an angle of 120° with the positive direction of x-
axis.
Solution:
Straight Lines
12. Find the equation of one of the sides of an isosceles right angled triangle whose
hypotenuse is given by 3x + 4y = 4 and the opposite vertex of the hypotenuse is (2, 2).
Solution:
Straight Lines
Straight Lines
LONG ANSWER TYPE

13. If the equation of the base of an equilateral triangle is x + y = 2 and the vertex is (2,
– 1), then find the length of the side of the triangle.
Solution:
Straight Lines
Straight Lines
14. A variable line passes through a fixed point P. The algebraic sum of the
perpendiculars drawn from the points (2, 0), (0, 2) and (1, 1) on the line is zero. Find
the coordinates of the point P.
Solution:
⇒ 2a – 1 + 2b – 1 + a + b – 1 = 0
⇒ 3a + 3b – 3 = 0
⇒a+b–1=0
⇒a+b=1
Straight Lines
So, the equation ax + by = 1 represents a family of straight lines passing through a fixed
point.
Comparing the equation ax + by = 1 and a + b = 1, we get
x = 1 and y = 1
So, the coordinates of fixed point is (1, 1)
15. In what direction should a line be drawn through the point (1, 2) so that its point
of intersection with the line x + y = 4 is at a distance √6/3 from the given point.
Solution:
Straight Lines
Straight Lines
Straight Lines
16. A straight line moves so that the sum of the reciprocals of its intercepts made on
axes is constant. Show that the line passes through a fixed point.
Solution:
17. Find the equation of the line which passes through the point (– 4, 3) and the
Straight Lines
portion of the line intercepted between the axes is divided internally in the ratio 5 : 3
by this point.
Solution:
On cross multiplication we get

⇒ -72x + 160y = 768
⇒ -36x + 80y = 384
⇒ 18x – 40y + 192 = 0
⇒ 9x – 20y + 96 = 0
Straight Lines
Hence, the required equation is 9x – 20y + 96 = 0
18. Find the equations of the lines through the point of intersection of the lines x – y +
1 = 0 and 2x – 3y + 5 = 0 and whose distance from the point (3, 2) is 7/5.
Solution:
Squaring both the sides, we get

Straight Lines
Straight Lines
19. If the sum of the distances of a moving point in a plane from the axes is 1, then
find the locus of the point.
Solution:
Let the coordinates of a moving point P be (a, b)

Given that the sum of the distance from the axes to the point is always 1
∴ |x| + |y| = 1
⇒ ±x ± y = 1
⇒ – x – y = 1, x + y = 1, -x + y = 1 and x – y = 1
Hence, these equations gives us the locus of the point P which is a square.
Straight Lines
Solution:
Given lines are y - √3|x| = 2
If x ≥ 0, then
y - √3x = 2 ….. (i)
If x < 0, then
y + √3x = 2 ….. (ii)
On adding equation (i) and (ii), we get
y - √3x + y + √3x = 2 + 2
⇒ 2y = 4
⇒y=2
Substituting the value of y = 2 in equation (ii), we get
2 + √3x = 2
⇒ √3x = 2 – 2
⇒x=0
∴ Point of intersection of given lines is (0, 2)
Now, we find the slopes of given lines.
Slope of equation (i) is
y = √3x + 2
Comparing the above equation with y = mx + b, we get
m = √3
And we know that, m = tan θ
∴ Tan θ = √3
⇒ θ = 60° [∵ tan 60° = √3]
Slope of equation (ii) is
y = - √3x + 2
Comparing the above equation with y = mx + b, we get
m = -√3
And we know that, m = tan θ
∴ Tan θ = -√3
⇒ θ = (180° - 60°)
⇒ θ = 120°
Straight Lines
Solution:
Straight Lines
⇒ (a2 + b2) (a2 + b2) = 2(a2b2)

⇒ a4 + b4 + a2b2 + a2b2 = 2a2b2
⇒ a4 + b4 = 0
Hence Proved
Objective Type Questions
22. A line cutting off intercept – 3 from the y-axis and the tangent at angle to the x-
axis is 3/5, its equation is
A. 5y – 3x + 15 = 0
Straight Lines
B. 3y – 5x + 15 = 0
C. 5y – 3x – 15 = 0
D. None of these
Solution:
A. 5y – 3x + 15 = 0
Explanation:
23. Slope of a line which cuts off intercepts of equal lengths on the axes is
A. – 1
B. – 0
C. 2
D. √3
Solution:
A. – 1
Explanation:
Straight Lines
24. The equation of the straight line passing through the point (3, 2) and perpendicular
to the line y = x is
A. x – y = 5
B. x + y = 5
C. x + y = 1
D. x – y = 1
Solution:
B. x + y = 5
Explanation:
Given that straight line passing through the point (3, 2)
And perpendicular to the line y = x
Let the equation of line ‘L’ is
y – y1 = m(x – x1)
Since, L is passing through the point (3, 2)
∴ y – 2 = m(x – 3) … (i)
Now, given eq. is y = x
Since, the above equation is in y = mx + b form
So, the slope of this equation is 1
It is also given that line L and y = x are perpendicular to each other.
We know that, when two lines are perpendicular, then
Straight Lines
m1 × m2 = -1
∴ m × 1 = -1
⇒ m = -1
Putting the value of m in equation (i), we get
y – 2 = (-1) (x – 3)
⇒ y – 2 = -x + 3
⇒x+y=3+2
⇒x+y=5
Hence, the correct option is (b)
25. The equation of the line passing through the point (1, 2) and perpendicular to the
line x + y + 1 = 0 is
A. y – x + 1 = 0
B. y – x – 1 = 0
C. y – x + 2 = 0
D. y – x – 2 = 0
Solution:
B. y – x – 1 = 0
Explanation:
Given that line passing through the point (1, 2)
And perpendicular to the line x + y + 1 = 0
Let the equation of line ‘L’ is
x – y + k = 0 … (i)
Since, L is passing through the point (1, 2)
∴1–2+k=0
⇒k=1
Putting the value of k in equation (i), we get
x–y+1=0
Or y – x – 1 = 0
Hence, the correct option is (b)
Straight Lines
Solution:
Explanation:
Straight Lines
Hence, the correct option is (c)
A. (1, 1)
B. (– 1, 1)
C. (1, – 1)
D. (– 1, –1)
Straight Lines
Solution:
D. (– 1, –1)
Explanation:
28. The distance of the point of intersection of the lines 2x – 3y + 5 = 0 and 3x + 4y = 0

from the line 5x – 2y = 0 is
Straight Lines
Solution:
Explanation:
Given two lines are 2x – 3y + 5 = 0 … (i)
And 3x + 4y = 0 … (ii)
Now, point of intersection of these lines can be find out as
Multiplying equation (i) by 3, we get
6x – 9y + 15 = 0 … (iii)
Multiplying equation (ii) by 2, we get
6x + 8y = 0 … (iv)
On subtracting equation (iv) from (iii), we get
6x – 9y + 15 – 6x – 8y = 0
⇒ – 17y + 15 = 0
⇒ - 17y = -15
Straight Lines

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NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 10-

Exercise Page No: 178

Putting the value of y1 = 4 – x1 in equation 3, we get

Hence the proof.

LONG ANSWER TYPE

On cross multiplication we get

Hence, the required equation is 9x – 20y + 96 = 0

Squaring both the sides, we get

Let the coordinates of a moving point P be (a, b)

⇒ (a2 + b2) (a2 + b2) = 2(a2b2)

Objective Type Questions

Hence, the correct option is (c)

28. The distance of the point of intersection of the lines 2x – 3y + 5 = 0 and 3x + 4y = 0

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