Coding Theory and Techniques - Updated
Coding Theory and Techniques - Updated
To
The Principal,
Vins Christian College of Engineering,
Chunkankadai,
Sub : Requesting approval to conduct the value added course –Reg
Respected Madam,
It is brought to your kind notice that, we have planned to conduct a value-added course for our M.E –
Communication Systems students of the current academic year- 2022-2023 (ODD Semester). The Value-added
course details are below.
COURSE COORDINATOR
Mrs. P. Merlin Viji
Assistant Professor/ ECE.
Approval / Remarks
Forwarded / NOT Recommended / NOT Approved / NOT
SYLLABUS
Definitions and Principles: Hamming weight, Hamming distance minimum distance decoding, single parity codes
Hamming codes, repetition codes linear block codes, cyclic codes, syndrome calculation
shortened cyclic codes, majority logic decoding for cyclic codes, encoder and decoder, CRC.
Module – III ERROR CONTROL CODING: CONVOLUTIONAL CODES 6 hours
Convolutional codes code tree, trellis, state diagram Encoding Decoding Sequential search and Viterbi algorithm.
Principle of turbo coding types of errors, error control strategies.
Module – IV SOURCE CODING: TEXT, AUDIO AND SPEECH 6 hours
Source code: Definition, techniques, Text: Adaptive Huffman coding arithmetic coding, variable-length codes LZW
algorithm Audio: Linear predictive coding (LPC), Perceptual coding, masking techniques psychoacoustic model,
MEG audio layers I,II,III, Dolby AC3 - Speech: Channel vocoder, linear predictive coding
Image and Video Formats – GIF, TIFF, SIF, CIF, QCIF Image compression: READ, JPEG Video Compression:
Principles-I,B,P frames motion estimation, motion compensation H.261, MPEG standard, Standards-based and
nonstandard approaches to coding.
Course Assessment Test for 100 Marks – 3 Hours
Website / URL References
1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uk9zFrEGguM
https://lecturenotes.in/subject/540/information-theory-coding-itc
2
HOD/ECE
Copy Submitted to The Chairman, The Secretary and IQAC Cell
Copy to:
1. The Principal for Kind Information
2. Department Notice Board
3. All ECE Staff members
4. I & III Semester ECE Students
Enclosed: Brochure
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Electronics and
Vins Christian College of
UG 2009 Communication
Engineering
Educational Engineering
Qualifications
Communication
PG CSI Institute of Technology 2011
Systems
1. ASHMI C 962922403001
2. FEMILA K 962922403002
4. KASTHURI S 962922403004
5. NAJMA A 962922403005
6. SABA M 962922403006
8. ARATHI P 962921403002
2. FEMILA K 962922403002 P P P P P P P P P A P
JEVELIN MASIHA
3. MALAR K
962922403003 P P P P P P A A P P P
4. KASTHURI S 962922403004 P P P P P A P A P P P
5. NAJMA A 962922403005 P P P P P P P P P P P
6. SABA M 962922403006 P P P P P P P P P P P
8. ARATHI P 962921403002 P P P P P P A A P P P
6. The total number of words in a single error-correction code dictionary of word length 15 is
a) 1023
b) 1024
c) 2047
d) 2048
8. The generator polynomial of a (7, 4) cyclic code is g(x)= 1 + x + x3. The code word for the message 1010 will
be
a) 1110010
b) 1100010
c) 1011001
d) 0111001
Q.9. In a convolutional code encoder with a six-stage shift register, the number of modulo-2 adders is 4. For an
input data stream of 5 bits, the code-word size will be
a) 120
b) 54
c) 50
d) 44
10. Let there be 11 messages to be transmitted. Huffman coding procedure is applied for M = 5. The number of
terms to be combined in the first reduction is
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
11. In a single error-correcting Hamming code, the number of message bits in a block is 26. The number of check
bits in the block would be
a) 3
b) 4
c) 5
d) 7
12. Consider a binary digital communication system with equally likely 0’s and 1 ‘s. When a binary 0 is
transmitted, the detector input can lie between the levels – 0.25 V and + 0.25 V with equal probability. When
binary 1 is transmitted, the voltage at the detector can have any value between 0 and 1 V with equal probability. If
the detector has a threshold of 0.2 V (i.e., if the received signal is greater than 0.2 V, the bit is taken as 1), the
average bit error probability is
a) 0.15
b) 0.2
c) 0.05
d) 0.5
13. Which one of the following statements is correct? Shannon’s channel capacity formula indicates that in theory
a) by using proper channel codes, we can get an error-free transmission on a noisy channel
b) it is not possible to get an error-free transmission on a noisy channel, since there will always be
some error in the detected signal for finite noise on any channel
c) it is true only for some wired channels and not wireless channels
d) it works only for analog signals and not for digital signals on any channel
15. For fixed symbol rate, increase in bits/symbol ultimately improves rb/B bits/s/Hz & hence, regarded as
_____.
a) Power efficiency
b) Spectral efficiency
c) Transmission efficiency
d) Modulation eficiency
16) For designing a communication system, which among the following parameters should be maximum?
1. Transmission rate
2. Received signal-to-noise ratio
3. Error probability
4. Bandwidth requirement
a) A & B
b) C & D
c) A & C
d) B & D
17) For designing trellis code, the emphasis must be on maximizing __________
a) Euclidean distance between code vectors
b) Hamming distance of error correcting codes
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
18) The distance between each symbol in given sequence and reference sequence is known as _______.
a) Euclidean Distance
b) Distance between sequences
c) Manmattan Distance
d) Hamming Distance
19) To obtain the transfer function of a convolutional code, the splitting of all-zero state takes place
into ___
A. starting state
B. first return to all-zero state
C. in-between state
a) A & B
b) B & C
c) A & C
d) None of the above
20) Which decoding method involves the evaluation by means of Fano Algorithm?
a) Maximum Likelihood Decoding
b) Sequential Decoding
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
21. For the 4 states of an encoder on vertical axis of Trellis diagram, what do/does the solid line indicate/s?
a) '0' input
b) '1' input
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
23) In Minimum Distance Separable (MDS) codes, the minimum distance is one more than the number of
_________.
a) Information bits
b) Symbol bits
c) Parity check bits
d) None of the above
24) If the errors are corrected at _______end/s, it is known as 'Forward Error Correction' (FEC).
a) Transmitter
b) Receiver
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
25) In register contents at decoder, the syndrome register consists of syndrome after all bits of received vector
are clocked into the decoder ________.
a) Input
b) Output
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
26) For designing of (4,1) cyclic repetition code, what would be the order of the generator polynomial g(x)?
a) 1
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
27) In decoding of cyclic code, which among the following is also regarded as 'Syndrome Polynomial'?
a) Generator Polynomial
b) Received code word Polynomial
c) Quotient Polynomial
d) Remainder Polynomial
28) While decoding the cyclic code, if the received code word is similar as transmitted code word, then r(x) mod
g(x) is equal to _________
a) Zero
b) Unity
c) Infinity
d) None of the above
30) According to linearity property, the ________ of two code words in a cyclic code is also a valid code word.
a) sum
b) difference
c) product
d) division
31) The minimum distance of linear block code (dmin) is equal to minimum number of rows or columns of HT,
whose _____ is equal to zero vector.
a) sum
b) difference
c) product
d) divison
33) In a linear code, the minimum Hamming distance between any two code words is ______minimum weight of
any non-zero code word.
a) Less than
b) Greater than
c) Equal to
d) None of the above
34) Which among the following represents the code in which codewords consists of message bits and parity bits
separately?
a) Block Codes
b) Systematic Codes
c) Code Rate
d) Hamming Distance
35) Which among the following is/are the essential condition/s for a good error control coding technique?
a) Faster coding & decoding methods
b) Better error correcting capability
c) Maximum transfer of information in bits/sec
d) All of the above
36) According to Shannon's second theorem, it is not feasible to transmit information over the channel with
______error probability, although by using any coding technique.
a) small
b) large
c) stable
d) unpredictable
37) If the channel is bandlimited to 6 kHz & signal to noise ratio is 16, what would be the capacity of channel?
a) 15.15 kbps
b) 24.74 kbps
c) 30.12 kbps
d) 52.18 kbps
38) In channel coding theorem, channel capacity decides the _________permissible rate at which error free
transmission is possible.
a) Maximum
b) Minimum
c) Constant
d) None of the above
39) In digital communication system, smaller the code rate, _________are the redundant bits.
a) less
b) more
c) equal
d) unpredictable
40) Which type of channel does not represent any correlation between input and output symbols?
a) Noiseless Channel
b) Lossless Channel
c) Useless Channel
d) Deterministic Channel
41) In dictionary techniques for data compaction, which approach of building dictionary is used for the prior
knowledge of probability of the frequently occurring patterns?
a) Static Dictionary
b) Adaptive Dictionary
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
42) Which bitmap file format/s support/s the Run Length Encoding (RLE)?
a) TIFF
b) BMP
c) PCX
d) All of the above
43) Huffman coding technique is adopted for constructing the source code with ________ redundancy.
a) Maximum
b) Constant
c) Minimum
d) Unpredictable
44) Which coding terminology deals with the inverse operation of assigned words of second language
corresponding to the words in the first language?
a) Enciphering
b) Deciphering
c) Codeword
d) Codebook
45) In discrete memoryless source, the current letter produced by a source is statistically independent of _____
a) Past output
b) Future output
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
48) During the shifting of bits in an encoder, how are the transitions in the states represented?
a. By lines
b. By circles
c. By summers
d. By squares
49) While representing the convolutional code by (n,k,m), what does 'm' signify or represent in it?
a. Coded bits
b. Message bits
c. Memory order
d. All of the above
2. FEMILA K 962922403002 90 94
6. SABA M 962922403006 90 97
8. ARATHI P 962921403002 90 97
No. of participants : 16
No of participants completed : 16