Mark Scheme

Summer 2023

Pearson Edexcel GCE

Advanced Subsiduary Level
Further Mathematics (8FM0)
Paper 01 Core Pure Mathematics
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Summer 2023
Publications Code 8FM0_01_2306_MS*
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© Pearson Education Ltd 2023
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners

must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they
mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must
be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade boundaries
may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if
the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also
be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response
is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will
provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and
exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the
mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must
be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
 EDEXCEL GCE MATHEMATICS

General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 80.

2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks:

• M marks: method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting to
apply it’, unless otherwise indicated.
• A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks
have been earned.
• B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
• Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark
schemes.

• bod – benefit of doubt

• ft – follow through
• the symbol will be used for correct ft
• cao – correct answer only
• cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the
question to obtain this mark
• isw – ignore subsequent working
• awrt – answers which round to
• SC: special case
• oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
• dep – dependent
• indep – independent
• dp decimal places
• sf significant figures
•  The answer is printed on the paper
• The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark

4. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially
simplify it, deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the question
affected.

5. Where a candidate has made multiple responses and indicates which response
they wish to submit, examiners should mark this response.
If there are several attempts at a question which have not been crossed out,
examiners should mark the final answer which is the answer that is the most
complete.
6. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

7. Mark schemes will firstly show the solution judged to be the most common
response expected from candidates. Where appropriate, alternatives
answers are provided in the notes. If examiners are not sure if an answer is
acceptable, they will check the mark scheme to see if an alternative answer is
given for the method used.
Question Scheme Marks AOs
y= 3
1 B1 2.2a

their y
z= = ...1 B1ft 1.1b
3
Uses z - 3 y = k Þ k = - 8 and
x - 3z = k Þ x = k + 3z = their k + 3´ their z
leading to a value for x M1 3.1a
Alternatively
uses x − 3z = k = z − 3 y with values for y and z to find a value for x.

x= - 5 A1 1.1b

(4)

(4 marks)

Notes:

B1: y = 3
B1ft: Follow through on the value of z which comes from their y divided by 3
M1: A complete method to find the value of x. Uses z - 3 y = k to find a value for k then finds a value for x
using x - 3z = k and their values for z and k. Condone a slip with the coefficients if the intention is clear but
must have the correct letters.
Alternatively uses x − 3z = k = z − 3 y with values for y and z to find a value for x.
A1: x = - 5
Correct answers only scores full marks.
Question Scheme Marks AOs

2(a) z* = - 3- 4i
( z − ( −3 + 4i )) ( z − ( −3 − 4i )) = z 2
+ pz + q M1 3.1a
f ( z ) = ( z + pz + q ) ( z + r )
2

(z 2
+ 6 z + 25 ) ( z + 7 ) A1 1.1b
2
(
Multiplies out z + 6 z + 25 ) ( z + 7 ) = ... z 2
+  z... M1 1.1b

z 3 + 13z 2 + 67 z + 175 or a = 13, b = 67 A1 1.1b

(4)
Alternative 1
M1 3.1a
z* = - 3- 4i and uses product of roots = – 175 to find the third root
Third root = –7 A1 1.1b
Either
Uses sum roots = – a to find a value for a or uses pair sum = b to find a
value for b M1 1.1b
Or
( z − ( −3 + 4i )) ( z − ( −3 − 4i )) ( z − their third root ) = ...
a = 13, b = 67 A1 1.1b

(4)
Alternative 2
( −3 + 4i ) + a( −3 + 4i ) + b ( −3 + 4i ) + 175 = 0
3 2

M1 3.1a
 117 + 44i + a ( −7 − 24i ) + b ( −3 + 4i ) + 175 = 0
Equates real and imaginary to form two linear simultaneous equations
117 - 7a - 3b + 175 = 0 Þ - 7a - 3b = - 292
A1 1.1b
44 - 24a + 4b = 0 Þ - 24a + 4b = - 44
Solves simultaneously to find values for a or b M1 1.1b

a = 13, b = 67 A1 1.1b

(4)

(b)

- 3 + 4i, - 3 - 4i B1 1.1b

- 7 B1 2.2a

(2)

- 5 + 4i, - 5 - 4i, - 9 B1ft 2.2a

 (c) (1)

(7 marks)

Notes:

(a)
M1: Uses the given root and its complex conjugate to form a quadratic equation. Uses the quadratic equation
to write f ( z ) in the form ( z 2 + pz + q ) ( z + r ) where p, q and r are real values
( )
A1: Correct expression for f ( z ) = z + 6 z + 25 ( z + 7 )
2

M1: Multiplies out and simplifies to find the z2 or z term.

A1: Correct values for a and b or cubic
Alternative 1
M1: Uses the complex conjugate and product of roots = – 175 to find the third root.
A1: Correct third root
M1: A complete method to find the values of a or b. Either uses the sum and pairs sum or multiplies out three
( )( )
brackets z − ( −3 + 4i ) z − ( −3 − 4i ) ( z − their third root ) to find the z2 or z term.
A1: Correct values for a and b or cubic
Alternative 2
M1: Substitutes - 3 + 4i or - 3- 4i into f ( z ) , sets the real and imaginary parts = 0 to form two
simultaneous equations in a and b.
A1: Correct, unsimplified equations.
M1: Solves simultaneous equations to find values for a or b following an attempt at f ( −3 + 4i ) = 0 or
f ( −3 − 4i ) = 0 . Allow this mark for seeing a value for a or b following simultaneous equation, you do not
need to check.
A1: Correct values for a and b.
(b)
B1: Correctly plotting - 3 + 4i, - 3 - 4i
B1: Correctly plotting – 7
(c)
B1ft: - 5 + 4i, - 5 - 4i and subtracts 2 from their real root shown on their Argand diagram

Question Scheme Marks AOs

Rotation B1 1.1b
 3 (a) 
30 degrees or about the x – axis
6 B1 1.1b
Ignore any reference to direction
(2)
They have found AB when they should find BA
(b)
Multiplication is the wrong way round
It should be BA
Matrix B should be on the left instead of the right
Student has done transformation B followed by transformation A
B1 2.3
 
1 0 0 
 1 3 0  
 
5 3   0
3 1
It should be  3 0 − 
 1 2 2
 2 0   
 1 3
0 
 2 2 

(1)

(c)     1 3 3 3
− 
 1 0 0   2 2
 1 3 0   
  3 1   5 3 15 
 3 0 5 3 0 −  =  3 
 1 2 2  2 2 
2 0   
  1 3   1 3 −1 
 0   
  2 2    
B1 1.1b
    1 3 3 
−1.5 
 1 0 0   2
 1 3 0    
  3 1   5 3 
 3 0 5 3 0 −  =  3 7.5 
 1 2 2  2 
2 0   
  1 3   1 3 −1 
 0   
  2 2    
(1)

(4 marks)

Notes:

(a)
B1: Identifies the single transformation as a rotation only
B1: Correct angle and axis. Ignore any reference to direction.
Note x-plane, zy-plane and x = 0 are 2nd B0
Any additional incorrect statements is 2nd B0
(b)
B1: Explains that they should be multiplied the other way around
(c)
B1: Correct exact matrix
3 15
Note: 5 3  must be simplified to
2 2
2 3
Condone not simplified
2

Question Scheme Marks AOs

 2 + 3i 5 - i
4(i) (a) ´ 2 + 3i = k (1 + i )( 5 + i ) = ... M1 1.1a
5 + i 5- i

10 - 2i + 15i + 3 or 13 + 13i
2 + 3i = k ( 5 + i + 5i − 1) = ... dM1 1.1b
25 + 1 26
2 + 3i = k ( 4 + 6i ) therefore
1
(1 + i ) cso 2 + 3i 1 A1 2.1
2 = k (1 + i ) where k = cso
5+i 2
(3)

(i)(b) n= 4 B1 2.2a

(1)

(ii) z = 3 B1 1.2

5  
arg ( z10 ) = 10 arg ( z ) = −  arg ( z ) = ... − 
3  6
M1 1.1b
  
arg ( z ) = 10 arg ( z ) =  arg ( z ) = ...  
10

3  30 
     
z = 3  cos  −  + i sin  −   = ... M1 2.1
  6  6 

3 3 3 3 3 3
z= - i or a = and b = - A1 1.1b
2 2 2 2
(4)
Alternative
B1 1.2
a +b =9
2 2

5p 5p
10 arg (z ) = - Þ arg (z ) = - ¸ 10
3 3
M1 1.1b
  
Or e.g 10 arg ( z ) =  arg ( z ) = ...  
3  30 
Forming and solving simultaneous equations to find a value for a or b
b æ pö b 3 3
= arctan çç- ÷
÷
÷Þ - Þ b= - a
a ç
è 6ø a 3 3
M1 2.1
or
b p
= arctan Þ b = 0.104...a
a 30
3 3 3 3 3 3
z= - i or a = and b = - A1 1.1b
2 2 2 2
(4)

(8 marks)

Notes:
(i) (a)
M1: Selects the process 2 + 3i ´ 5 - i
5 + i 5- i
dM1: Evidence of multiplying out brackets
1 13
A1: Achieves (1 + i ) or (1 + i ) with no errors cso, isw.
2 26
Note: Correct answer from no working score no marks
13 + 13i 1
Note: Going from and then stating k = is A0, they have not shown the form asked for
26 2

Alternative
M1: Multiplies across by ( 5 + i ) and expands the brackets
dM1: Collects terms
2 + 3i 1
A1: Achieves 2 + 3i = k ( 4 + 6i ) and draws the conclusion that therefore = k (1 + i ) where k =
5+i 2
(i) (b)
B1: Deduces n = 4 only
(ii)
Note: Send to review any attempts where they are finding additional solutions such as arguments of z is
( 6k − 5 )  For example correctly uses arg ( z ) =

30 30
B1 (M1 on ePen): z = 3 can be implied by a + b = 9 isw
2 2

M1: Uses arg ( z1 z2 ) = arg ( z1 ) + arg ( z2 ) to find arg( z ) = − 5  10 or arg( z ) =   10

3 3
( )
M1: Uses z = their z cos ( their arg ) + isin ( their arg ) to find the complex number z or values for a or b.
As long as the modulus has changed.
A1: Correct complex number or values for a and b.
Alternative
B1: a + b = 9 isw
2 2

M1: Uses arg ( z1 z2 ) = arg ( z1 ) + arg ( z2 ) to find arg( z ) = − 5  10

3
M1: Uses the argument of z find an equation in a and b . Then solve simultaneously to find a value for a or b.
As long as a2 + b2  59049
A1: Correct complex number or values for a and b.
Note there are other correct answers
3 3 3 3 3 3
z1 = - i z6 = - + i
2 2 2 2
z2 = awrt 2.98 + awrt 0.314i z7 = awrt − 2.98 + awrt − 0.314 i
z3 = awrt 2.23 + awrt 2.01i z8 = awrt − 2.23 + awrt − 2.01i
z9 = awrt − 0.624 + awrt − 2.93 i
z4 = awrt 0.624 + awrt 2.93 i
z10 = awrt 1.22 + awrt − 2.74 i
z5 = awrt − 1.22 + awrt 2.74 i
Question Scheme Marks AOs

5(a)  3  1
   
 0  •  2  = 3+0 − 3 M1 1.1b
 1   −3 
   
= 0 therefore the lines are perpendicular. A1 2.4

(2)

(b)  1   −2   1 
     
r •  2  =  2  •  2  = ...2 M1 1.1b
 −3   0   −3 
     
x + 2 y - 3 z = 2 o.e. A1 2.5

(2)

(c) 3 + 2 (1) − 3(1) = 2 (therefore lies on the plane) B1 1.1b

(1)
(d)  p   2  1
     
 q  =  3 +   2
 r   2  −3 
     
or M1 3.1a
 p  1  2 p = 2- m
     
q
  +  2 = 3
    leading to q = 3 - 2m
r  −3   2 
      r = 2 + 3m

( p − 3) + ( q − 1) + ( r − 1) ( )
2
= 2 5
2 2 2

( ( 2 +  ) − 3) + ( ( 3 + 2 ) − 1) + ( ( 2 − 3 ) − 1) ( )
2 2 2 2
= 2 5

( −1 +  ) + ( 2 + 2 ) + (1 − 3 ) = 20
2 2 2

or M1 3.1a

( p − 3) + ( q − 1) + ( r − 1) ( )
2
= 2 5
2 2 2

( ( 2 −  ) − 3) + ( ( 3 − 2 ) − 1) + ( ( 2 + 3 ) − 1) ( )
2 2 2 2
= 2 5

( −1 −  ) + ( 2 − 2 ) + (1 + 3 ) = 20
2 2 2

14m2 - 14 = 0 o.e A1 1.1b

Solves their quadratic  = −1 or  = 1 M1 1.1b

Uses m= - 1 Using m= 1 ddM1 1.1b

 p = 2 + ( −1) = ... p = 2 − (1) = ...
q = 3 + 2 ( −1) = ... or q = 3 − 2 (1) = ...
r = 2 − 3 ( −1) = ... r = 2 + 3 (1) = ...

(1,1, 5) only A1 3.2a

(6)
Alternative
M1 3.1a
AX = ( 3 − 2) + (1 − 3) + (1 − 2) = 6
2 2 2

Correctly uses Pythagoras to find the length of XB

(2 5 )
2 M1 3.1a
XB = − 6 = 14

Find the magnitude of the direction vector and compares to the length of XB
to find a value for m M1 1.1b

m = - 1 or m = 1 A1 1.1b
Uses m= - 1 Using m= 1

p = 2 + ( −1) = ... p = 2 − (1) = ...

ddM1 1.1b
q = 3 + 2 ( −1) = ... or q = 3 − 2 (1) = ...
r = 2 − 3 ( −1) = ... r = 2 + 3 (1) = ...

(1,1, 5) only A1 3.2a

(6)

(11 marks)

Notes:

(a)
M1: Applies the dot product to the direction vectors. Minimum requirement is 3 – 3
A1: Shows that the dot product = 0 and concludes that the lines are perpendicular.

(b)
 1   −2   1   x   1   −2   1 
             
M1: Applies r •  2  =  2  •  2  = ... or  y  •  2  =  2  •  2  = ...
 −3   0   −3   z   −3   0   −3 
             
A1: Correct Cartesian equation x + 2 y - 3z = 2 o.e.
Note: i + 2 j − 3k = 2 is M1A0
(c)
B1: See scheme, no conclusion required
(d)
M1: Uses the point of intersection to find the coordinates of B as functions of a parameter
M1: Uses the distance between the point A and the point B to form an equation for their parameter only.
A1: Correct simplified quadratic equation
M1: Solves their quadratic equation to find a value for m
ddM1: Dependent on the first two method marks. Uses any one of their values for their parameter to find the
coordinates of B, it need not be the correct one.
A1: Correct coordinates for B, condone as a vector, if seen (3, 5, -1) must be disregarded

Alternative
M1: Finds the length AX
M1: Uses Pythagoras to find the length of XB
NOTE the change in order of the M1 and A1
M1: Find the length of the direction vector and compares to find a value for m
A1: A correct values for m
ddM1: Dependent on the first two method marks. Uses any one of their values for their parameter to find the
coordinates of B, it need not be the correct one.
A1: Correct coordinates for B, condone as a vector, if seen (3, 5, -1) must be disregarded

Question Scheme Marks AOs

6(i)
M1 3.1a

A1 1.1b

B1 1.1b

(3)


(ii)
 
m = tan   = 3 and y − 0 = m ( x − 2)
3
M1 3.1a
leads to y − 0 = 3 ( x − 2 ) or y = 3x - 2 3
    3  A1 1.1b
m = tan    =  and y − 0 = m ( x − ( −1) )
 6   3 
A1 1.1b

( x − ( −1) ) or y =
3 3 3
leads to y − 0 = x+
3 3 3
3 3
3x - 2 3 = x+ Þ x = ... M1 1.1b
3 3
7
y = 3   − 2 3 = ... M1 1.1b
2
7 3 3
w = + i A1 2.1
2 2
(6)
Alternative
 3 y  y M1 1.1b
tan   = = and tan   = 3 =
6 3 x−1 3 x2

y y
A1 1.1b
A1 1.1b
3
x2 = y
3

3
y 3=y + 3  y = ... M1 3.1a
3
 3
Uses x = y 3 − 1 or x = y + 2 with their value of y leading to a value
3 M1 1.1b
for x

7 3 3
( w =) + i A1 2.1
2 2
(6)

(9 marks)

Notes:

(i)
M1: Draws a single straight line through both axes with a negative gradient. Ignore any line joining (3, 0)
and (0, -6)
A1: Draws a single straight line through both axes with a negative gradient which has a negative y intercept.
Ignore any intercept marked on the axes. Ignore any line joining (3, 0) and (0, -6)
B1: Shades the area above their straight line (not a bounded region such as a triangle bounded by the axes and
the line)
(ii)
M1: Finds the Cartesian equations for both loci by using the gradient as tan(argument) and correct
coordinate. Must be an attempt at both equations but one correct equation scores this mark
A1: One equation correct, need not be simplified
A1: Both equations correct, need not be simplified
M1: Solve simultaneously to find either the real or imaginary component.
M1: Finds the other component to complete the process of finding w.
A1: Correct exact answer
7
Note: If leaves the answer as a coordinate this is A0. If defines w = a + bi and then states a = and
2
3 3
b= this is A1
2

Alternative
M1: Use both arguments to form equations involving x and y
A1: (One correct triangle) value for x in terms of y
A1: (Two correct triangles), values for x in terms of y
3
M1: Forms and solves an equation y 3 = y + 3  y = ... must be come from x2 = x−1 + 3
3
3
M1: Uses their y value and x = y 3 − 1 or x = y + 2 to find a value for x
3
A1: Correct exact answer

Note: If candidates use decimal instead of exact values throughout allow the method marks
y = 1.73x - 3.46 and y = 0.58 x + 0.58

Q7(ii) Two alternatives seen

Alternative 3 M1 3.1a
    A1 1.1b
b = 3sin   and c = 3cos  
3 3 A1 1.1b

 
b = 3sin   = ... M1 1.1b
3
 
a = 2 + 3cos   = ... M1 1.1b
3

7 3 3
( w =) + i A1 2.1
2 2
(6)
Alternative 3
M1: Uses correct geometry to form equations involving a and c
A1: One correct equation
A1: Two correct equations
M1: Finds the imaginary component
M1: Uses 2 + their c to find the real component
A1: Correct exact answer
Alternative 4
M1 3.1a
3 AB
= A1 1.1b
sin 30 sin120
AB = 3 3
BC AC
sin 30 = sin 60 = M1 1.1b
3 3 3 3
3 7
BC = 3 AC = A1 1.1b
2 2
Uses trigonometry to find the other component M1 1.1b

7 3 3
( w =) + i A1 2.1
2 2
(6)
Alternative 4
M1: Uses the sine rule to find the length AB
A1: Correct length AB
M1: Uses trigonometry to find either the real or imaginary component
A1: Correct real or imaginary component
M1: Uses trigonometry to find the other component
A1: Correct exact answer
 Question Scheme Marks AOs

( 2r − 1) = 4r 2 − 4r + 1
2
7(a) B1 1.1b
n n n n

 ( 2r − 1) = 4  r 2 − 4 r +  1
2

r =1 r =1 r =1 r =1 M1 1.1b
n n A1 1.1b
=4 ( n + 1)( 2n + 1) − 4 ( n + 1) + n
6 2
n
=  2 ( n + 1)( 2n + 1) − 6 ( n + 1) + 3
3
Or dM1 1.1b
2 
= n  ( n + 1)( 2n + 1) − 2 ( n + 1) + 1
3 

n 
 ( 4n + 6n + 2 − 6n − 6 + 3 ) 
2

3  A1 2.1
= ( 4n 2 − 1) cso
n
3
(5)
500

 ( 2r − 1)
(b) 2
B1 3.1a
r = 51

500 500 50

 ( 2r − 1) =  ( 2r − 1) −  ( 2r − 1)
2 2 2

r = 51 r =1 r =1

=
500
3
(
4 ( 500 ) − 1 −
2 50
3
) (
4 ( 50 ) − 1
2
) M1 1.1b

 = 166666500 − 166650

166 499 850 A1 1.1b

(3)

(8 marks)

Notes:

(a)
B1: Correct expanded expression.
M1: Substitutes at least one of the standard formulae into their expanded expression.
A1: Fully correct unsimplified expression.
dM1: Dependent on previous method. Attempts to factorises out n. Must have a n in every term. Condone a
slip with one term as long as the intention is clear.
A1: Achieves the correct answer, with a correct intermediate line of working. cso
Note If uses 1 = 1 scores B1 M1 A0 M0 A0
An attempt at proof by induction may score B1 only
(b)
B1: Correct summation formula for the sum of the squares of all positive odd three-digit integers including
limits. This can be implied by later work.
 q q p −1

 ( 2r − 1) =  ( 2r − 1) −  ( 2r − 1) where p, q are numerical and

2 2 2
M1: Uses the answer to part (a) and
r=p r =1 r =1

q > p, to find a value. There must be some indication of the sum that they are finding or the correct values for
p and q.
500 50

 ( 2r −1) −  ( 2r −1) implies B1

2 2
States
r =1 r =1

States
500
3
(
4 ( 500 ) − 1 −
2 50
3
) ( )
4 ( 50 ) − 1 this scores B1 (implied) and M1
2

A1: Correct value

500

 ( 2r −1) = 166499850 or correct answer only scores B1 M0 A0, must be evidence of using the
2
Note
r = 51

answer to (a)

Question Scheme Marks AOs

8 Way 1: f (k + 1)- f (k )

When n = 1 , 2n+ 2 + 32 n+ 1 = 23 + 33 = 35 B1 2.2a

Shows the statement is true for n = 1 , allow 5(7)

Assume true for n = k , so 2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 is divisible by 7 M1 2.4

f (k + 1)- f (k ) = 2k + 3 + 32 k + 3 - (2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 ) M1 2.1

= 2´ 2k + 2 + 9´ 32 k + 1 - 2k + 2 - 32 k + 1
= 2k + 2 + 8´ 32 k + 1 A1 1.1b
= f (k )+ 7´ 3 2k + 1
or 8f (k )- 7´ 2 k+ 2

f (k + 1)= 2f (k )+ 7´ 32k + 1 or 9f (k )- 7´ 2k + 2 A1 1.1b

If true for n = k then true for n = k + 1 and as it is true for n = 1
A1 2.4
the statement is true for all (positive integers) n
(6)
Way 2: f (k + 1)

B1 2.2a
When n = 1 , 2n+ 2 + 32 n+ 1 = 23 + 33 = 35
So the statement is true for n = 1
 Assume true for n = k , so 2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 is divisible by 7 M1 2.4

f (k + 1)= 2(
k + 1)+ 2
+3(
2 k + 1)+ 1
M1 2.1

f (k + 1) = 2k + 3 + 32 k + 3 = 2´ 2k + 2 + 9´ 32 k + 1
A1 1.1b
= 2 (2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 )+ 7´ 32 k + 1
A1 1.1b
= 2f (k )+ 7´ 32 k + 1 or 9f (k )- 7´ 2k + 2
If true for n = k then true for n = k + 1 and as it is true for n = 1
A1 2.4
the statement is true for all (positive integers) n
(6)
Way 3: f (k + 1)- m f (k )

B1 2.2a
When n = 1 , 2n+ 2 + 32 n+ 1 = 23 + 33 = 35
So the statement is true for n = 1

Assume true for n = k , so 2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 is divisible by 7 M1 2.4

f (k + 1)- mf (k ) = 2k + 3 + 32 k + 3 - m (2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 ) M1 2.1

= 2´ 2k + 2 + 9´ 32 k + 1 - m´ 2k + 2 - m´ 32 k + 1
= (2 - m)2k + 2 + 9´ 32 k + 1 - m´ 32 k + 1 A1 1.1b
= (2 - m)(2 k+ 2
+32k + 1
)+ 7 ´ 3 2k + 1

f (k + 1) = (2 - m)(2k + 2 + 32 k + 1 )+ 7´ 32 k + 1 + mf (k ) A1 1.1b
If true for n = k then true for n = k + 1 and as it is true for n = 1
A1 2.4
the statement is true for all (positive integers) n
(6)

(6 marks)

Notes:
Way 1: f (k + 1)- f (k )

B1: Shows that f(1) = 35 and concludes or shows divisible by 7. This may be seen in the final
statement.
M1: Makes a statement that assumes the result is true for some value of n
M1: Attempts f (k + 1)- f (k )

A1: Achieves a correct expression for f (k + 1)- f (k ) in terms of f (k )

A1: Reaches a correct expression for f (k + 1) in terms of f (k )

A1: Correct conclusion. This mark is dependent on all previous marks, look out for scoring B1 in
this statement. It is gained by conveying the ideas of all four bold points either at the end of their
solution or as a narrative in their solution.
 Way 2: f (k + 1)

B1: Shows that f(1) = 35 and concludes divisible by 7

M1: Makes a statement that assumes the result is true for some value of n
M1: Attempts f (k + 1)

A1: Correctly obtains either 2f (k )or 7 ´ 32 k + 1 or either 9f (k ) or - 7´ 2k + 2

A1: Reaches a correct expression for f (k + 1) in terms of f (k )

A1: Correct conclusion. This mark is dependent on all previous marks. It is gained by conveying the
ideas of all four bold points either at the end of their solution or as a narrative in their solution.

Way 3: f (k + 1)- m f (k )

B1: Shows that f(1) = 35 and concludes divisible by 7

M1: Makes a statement that assumes the result is true for some value of n
M1: Attempts f (k + 1)- mf (k )

A1: Achieves a correct expression for f (k + 1)- mf (k ) in terms of f (k )

A1: Reaches a correct expression for f (k + 1) in terms of f (k )

A1: Correct conclusion. This mark is dependent on all previous marks. It is gained by conveying the
ideas of all four bold points either at the end of their solution or as a narrative in their solution.
Question Scheme Marks AOs

9(i) k −2 7
−3 −5 2 = k ( −20 − 2k ) + 2 ( −12 − 2k ) + 7 ( −3k + 5k )
k k 4
or
M1 1.1b
k −2 7 k −2
−3 −5 2 −3 −5 = k ( −5 )( 4 ) − 2 ( 2 )( k ) + 7 ( −3)( k )
k k 4 k k
− 7 ( −5 )( k ) − k ( 2 )( k ) − ( −2 )( −3)( 4 )

- 2k 2 - 10k - 24(= 0) isw A1 1.2

b 2 − 4ac = (10 ) − 4 ( −2 )( −24 ) = ...

2

b 2 − 4ac = ( 5 ) − 4 ( −1)( −12 ) = ...

2

Or
k 2 + 5k + 12 = 0  ( k + 2.5 ) + 5.75 = 0  ( k + 2.5 ) = −5.75
2 2

−2k 2 − 10k − 25 = 0  −2 ( k + 2.5 ) − 12.5 = 0  ( k + 2.5 ) = −5.75

2 2

Or
k 2 + 5k + 12  ( k + 2.5 ) + 5.75  ( k + 2.5 ) …0
2 2

M1 1.1b
or
−2k 2 − 10k − 25 = 0  −2 ( k + 2.5 ) − 12.5 = 0  −2 ( k + 2.5 ) „ 0
2 2

Or
d ( −2k 2 − 10k − 24 )
= −4k − 10 = 0  k = −2.5  determinant = −5.75
dk
Or

10  ( −10 ) − 4 ( −2 )( −25 )
2
−5  23i
k= =
2 ( −2 ) 2
b 2 - 4ac = - 92 < 0 therefore no real roots so non-singular
b 2 - 4ac = - 23 < 0 therefore no real roots so non-singular
Or
Square of negative is not real therefore non-singular
Or
( k + 2.5) + 5.75  0 therefore no real roots so non-singular
2

A1 2.4
−2 ( k + 2.5 ) − 12.5  0 therefore no real roots so non-singular
2

Or
As negative quadratic maximum value of determinant = – 5.25 therefore no
real roots so non-singular
Or
Imaginary roots therefore no real roots so non-singular
 (4)

(ii)  2 −1  a 4  
  =  can be done separately for each point M1 3.1a
 −3 0  2 −a   
æ2a - 2 8 + a÷ö
çç ÷
÷ or ( 2a − 2, − 3a ) and (8 + a, −12)
çè - 3a - 12 ÷
ø A1 1.1b

( 2a − 2 ) − ( 8 + a )  +  −3a − ( −12 ) = 58

2 2

or
 8 + a   2a − 2   10 − a 
AB =  − = 
 −12   −3a   −12 + 3a 
or
 2a − 2   8 + a   a − 10  M1 3.1a
BA =  − = 
 −3a   −12  12 − 3a 

( a − 10 ) + (12 − 3a ) = 58 or (10 − a ) + ( 3a − 12 ) = 58
2 2 2 2

leading to a 3TQ
10a 2 - 92a + 186 = 0 A1 1.1b
31
a = 3, o.e. cso A1 1.1b
5
(5)

(9 marks)

Notes:

(i)
M1: Correct method to find the determinant, condone a single sign slip but not on second term must be +2
(…)
Note: May expand along any row or column.
A1: Correct simplified determinant
M1: Either
• Finds the value of the discriminant or sufficient working seen to identify the sign e.g. 100 – 192
Completes the square an rearranges so that ( k  a ) = −b
2
•

Completes the square and states that ( k  a ) …0

2
•

Completes the square and states that − ( k  a ) „ 0

2
•
• Differentiates the determinant to find the coordinates of the vertex
• Use the quadratic formula to find the imaginary roots
A1: Correct solution only
Either
• Correct value for the discriminant (may be implied), concludes less than 0, therefore no real roots and
non singular.
• Correct completing the square and conclude no real roots as square root of negative therefore non
singular
• Correct completing the square and shows > 0 therefore no real roots and non singular.
 • Correct completing the square and shows < 0 therefore no real roots and non singular.
• Correct coordinates of the vertex and negative quadratic therefore no real roots and non singular.
• Use the quadratics formula to find the correct imaginary roots therefore no real roots/value for k and
non singular.
−5  23i
Note k = which is not real is M0 A0 unless uses the quadratic formula or completing the square
2
to show where this has come from
(ii)
M1: Uses matrix Q to find the coordinates of the points A¢and B¢. Condone a sign slip.
A1: Correct coordinates for the points A¢and B¢, they do not need to be labelled
M1: Finds the distance between their points A¢and B¢which must not be equal to A and B, sets equal to 58 ,
forms a 3TQ.
A1: Correct 3TQ form correct coordinates
A1: Correct values cso

Misread: A common misread is 3 instead of – 3, the first 3 mark only can be scored using the misread
rule
 2 −1  a 4  
M1:   = 
 3 0  2 −a   
 2a − 2 8 + a 
A1:   or ( 2a − 2, 3a ) and (8 + a,12 )
 3a 12 

( 2a − 2 ) − ( 8 + a )  + 3a − 12 = 58

2 2
M1:
A0, A0 This does lead to the correct answer but can score the first three marks only.
Question Scheme Marks AOs

w+ 1
10(i) w = 3z - 1 Þ z = B1 3.1a
3

 w +1  w +1
4 2

  + 5  − 30 = 0 M1 3.1a
 3   3 
1
81
( w4 + 4 w3 + 6 w2 + 4 w + 1) + ( w2 + 2 w + 1) − 30 = 0
5
9 M1 1.1b
4 3 2
leading to w + aw + bw + cw + d {= 0}
A1 1.1b
w4 + 4 w3 + 51w2 + 94w - 2384 = 0
A1 1.1b
(5)
Alternative
p + q + r + s = 0, pq + pr + ps + qr + qs + rs = 5 B1 3.1a
pqr + pqs + prs + qrs = 0, pqrs = - 30

New sum = 3 ( p + q + r + s ) − 4 = ...−4

New pair sum
= 9 ( pq + pr + ps + qr + qs + rs ) − 9 ( p + q + r + s ) + 6 = ...51
New triple sum
= 27 ( pqr + pqs + prs + qrs ) − 18 ( pq + pr + ps + qr + qs + rs )
M1 3.1a
+6 ( p + q + r + s ) − 4 = ...−94
= 81( pqrs ) − 27 ( pqr + pqs + prs + qrs )
New product +9 ( pq + pr + ps + qr + qs + rs ) − 3 ( p + q + r + s ) + 1
= ...−2384
Applies
w4 − ( new sum ) w3 + ( new pair sum ) w2 − ( new triple sum ) w M1 1.1b
+ ( new product ) = 0

A1 1.1b
w4 + 4 w3 + 51w2 + 94w - 2384 = 0
A1 1.1b
(5)
81
(ii) (a) a + 2a + a - b = 0 and   2  ( −  ) = − M1 3.1a
4 A1 1.1b
Solves simultaneously
e.g. 4a - b = 0 Þ b = 4a
M1 3.1a
81 27
2 ( − 4 ) = −
2
3 =  =
4 8
3
Uses their values a = b = 6 to find the roots a , 2a , a - b M1 1.1b
2
Roots 1.5, 3, – 4.5 A1 1.1b
 (5)

(ii) (b) n = (1.5  3) + (1.5  −4.5 ) + ( 3  −4.5 )   4

Or
M1 1.1b
 3  9
Multiplies out ( x − 3)  x −   x +  or ( x − 3)( 2 x − 3)( 2 x + 9 ) to
 2  2
achieve the form 4 x + ...
3

n = - 63 cso (must have correct roots in (a) A1 1.1b

(2)

(12 marks)

Notes:

(i)
w+ 1
B1: Selects the method of making a connection between z and w by writing z = . Other variables
3
may be used
w+ 1
M1: Applies the process of substituting their z = into z 4 + 5 z 2 - 30 = 0
3
M1: Manipulates their equation into the form w4 + aw3 + bw2 + cw + d = 0 having substituted their z in
terms of w. Note that the “= 0” can be missing for this mark.
A1: At least two of a, b, c, d correct. Note that the “= 0” can be missing for this mark.
A1: Fully correct equation including “= 0” Must be in terms of w
(i) Alternative
B1: Selects the method of giving four correct equations containing p, q, r and s
M1: Applies the process of finding at least three of the new sum, new pair sum, new triple sum and new
product. Condone slips but the intention is clear and uses their values.
M1: Applies w − ( new sum) w + ( new pair sum) w − ( new triple sum) w + ( new product ) = 0 .
4 3 2

Condone use of any variable for this mark.

Note that the “= 0” can be missing for this mark.
A1: At least two of a, b, c, d correct. Note that the “= 0” can be missing for this mark.
A1: Fully correct equation including “= 0” Must be in terms of w
(ii) (a)

81
M1: Uses the sum and product to form two equations in  and b . Condone product = for this mark
4
n
Note: 4 −  = − or 4 −  = 81 is M0
4
A1: Correct equations need not be simplied
M1: Solves simultaneous equations to find a value for  or b

M1: Uses their values for  and b to find the roots using a , 2a , a - b . Condone third root as b

A1: Correct roots

Candidates may use their own notation for the roots

Condone confusion with  for M1 but A0

(ii) (b)
M1: Finds the pair sum for their numerical roots and multiplies by 4

( )
Alternative multiplies out three brackets ( x − their  )( x − their 2 ) x − (  −) to achieve the form
4 x + ...
3

A1: Correct value from correct roots only

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