1. Which of the following statements define Computer Graphics?

a) It refers to designing plans

b) It means designing computers
c) It refers to designing images
d) None of the mentioned

2. Among the given scientists/inventor who is known as the father of Computer Graphics?
a) Nikola Tesla
b) Ivan Sutherland
c) Ada Lovelace
d) Marie Curie

3. Which of the following are the features of Computer Graphics?

a) Creation and deletion of images by computer only
b) Deletion and manipulation of graphical images by computer
c) Creation and manipulation of graphics by computer
d) Creation of artificial images by computer only

4. Which of the following is a Computer Graphics type?

a) Raster and Vector
b) Raster and Scalar
c) Scalar only
d) All of the above

5. Which of the following plane is used for 2D transformations?

a) Three-dimensional plane
b) Two-dimensional plane
c) One-dimensional plane
d) Four-dimensional Plane

6. Which of the following is a Computer Graphics Curve?

a) Bezier Curves
b) Implicit Curves
c) Explicit Curves
d) All of the above

7. Who is the first user of computer graphics?

a) William Fetter
b) Ivan Edward Sutherland
c) Ada Lovelace
d) Nicholas Williams

8. Which of the following is the purpose for using clipping in computer graphics?
a) copying
b) zooming
c) adding graphics
d) removing objects and lines

9. In a graphical system, an array of pixels in the picture are stored in which of the following locations?
a) Frame buffer
b) Processor
c) Memory
d) All of the mentioned

10. Curves in computer graphics is primarily used for which of the following function?
a) To draw different types of objects onto the screen
b) Zooming out a picture
c) Copying a picture
d) Zooming in a picture
11. __________ types of translation are present in computer graphics.
a) 5
b) 3
c) 4
d) 6

12. Bitmap is a collection of ____________ that describes an image.

a) pixels
b) algorithms
c) bits
d) colors

13. Which of the following devices provides positional information to the graphics system?
a) Pointing devices
b) Both Input devices and Pointing devices
c) Output devices
d) Input devices

14. Which of the following is defined as the number of pixels stored in the frame buffer of a graphics system?
a) Resalution
b) Resolution
c) Depth
d) None of the mentioned

15. Which of the following is a primary output device of a graphics system?

a) Printer
b) Scanner
c) Video monitor
d) Neither Scanner nor Video monitor

16. Which of the following is used in graphics workstations as input devices to accept voice commands?
a) Speech recognizers
b) Touch panels
c) None of the mentioned
d) All of the mentioned

17. What is the use of voice system input?

a) To enter data
b) To initiate graphics operation and also to enter data
c) To initiate graphics operation
d) None of the mentioned

18. Which of the following is defined as the process of elimination of parts of a scene outside a window or a viewport?
a) editing
b) cutting
c) plucking
d) clipping

19. Which of the following is known as the window opened on the raster graphics screen in which the image will be
displayed?
a) Interface window
b) World window
c) World co-ordinate system
d) Screen co-ordinate system

20. Which of the following operations can be used to zoom in or out around any axis on a three-dimensional object from
its original position?
a) Rotation
b) Shearing
c) Scaling
d) Translation
21. Among the following process, which process is known as the elimination of parts of a scene outside a window or a
viewport?
a) editing
b) plucking
c) cutting
d) clipping

22. Viewing transformation is the process of mapping a world window in World Coordinates to the Viewport.
a) False
b) True

23. Which of the following is defined as the drawing of number of copies of the same image in rows and columns across
the interface window so that they cover the entire window?
a) Zooming
b) Panning
c) Tiling
d) Roaming

24. How many axes do 3D graphics consist of?

a) Two axes
b) Three axes
c) Five axes
d) One axis

25. Which of the following is the most commonly used boundary representation for a 3-dimensional graphics object?
a) Volume polygon
b) System polygon
c) Data polygon
d) Surface polygon

26. Which of the following is the process of digitizing a given picture definition into a set of pixel-intensity for storage in
the frame buffer?
a) Scan conversion
b) True color system
c) Encoding
d) Rasterization

27. Which of the following is commonly known as frame buffer on a black and white system with one bit per pixel?
a) Bitmap
b) Pix map
c) Multi map
d) All of the mentioned

28. Which of the following algorithm is a faster method for calculating pixel positions?
a) Parallel line algorithm
b) Mid-point algorithm
c) DDA line algorithm
d) Bresenham’s line algorithm

29. If the boundary is specified in a single color, and if the algorithm proceeds pixel by pixel until the boundary color is
encountered is known as ____
a) Parallel curve algorithm
b) Flood-fill algorithm
c) Scan-line fill algorithm
d) Boundary-fill algorithm

30. Which of the following defines a pixel mask?

a) A string containing 1 and 0
b) A string containing 0 and 0
c) A string containing only 0’s
d) A string containing only 1;s
31. What does an aspect ratio mean?
a) Ratio of vertical points to horizontal points
b) Ratio of vertical points to horizontal points and horizontal points to vertical points
c) Number of pixels
d) Ratio of horizontal points to vertical points

32. Which of the following is a correct abbreviation of DDA algorithm?

a) Data differential analyzer
b) Direct differential analyzer
c) Digital difference analyzer
d) Digital differential analyzer

33. The Cohen-Sutherland algorithm divides the region into how many spaces?
a) 9
b) 8
c) 7
d) 6

34. The Cohen Sutherland algorithm is more efficient than the Liang-Barsky algorithm.
a) False
b) True

35. Which of the following is used for 3D positioning and modeling, animation, and other application?
a) Spac ball
b) Trackball
c) Space ball
d) All of the mentioned

36. Which of the following can be used to determine the position on the data tablet?
a) Either Signal strength or coded pulse
b) Coded pulse
c) Signal strength
d) Strip microphones

37. Which of the following type of perspective projection is also called “Angular Perspective”?
a) Four-Point
b) Three-point
c) One-point
d) Two-point

38. Which of the following type of perspective projection is used in drawings of railway lines?
a) Three-point
b) Two-point
c) One-point
d) Perspective projection is not used to draw railway lines

39. Which of the following representation represents a three-dimensional object?

a) Function
b) Point
c) Polygon
d) Equation

40. Which part of a picture is considered and saved in exterior clipping?

a) We don’t consider the picture in exterior clipping
b) Picture which is outside the view window
c) Picture which is inside the view window
d) Picture which is on the edges of the view window

41. Which of the following clipping process handles the clipping of strings?
a) Text Clipping
b) Exterior Clipping
c) Curve Clipping
d) Shape Clipping

42. Which of the following algorithm can be used to clip a polygon in 3D space?
a) Vatti Clipping Algorithm
b) Polygon in 3D space cannot be clipped
c) Weiler Atherton Algorithm
d) Greiner Hormann Clipping Algorithm

43. How is the line path on the polygon area for a 45% line?
a) Vertical
b) Horizontal
c) Centered
d) None of the mentioned

44. Which of the following is defined as the sampling of object characteristics at a high resolution and displaying the
result at a lower resolution?
a) Anti-aliasing
b) Super-sampling or Post-filtering
c) Post-filtering
d) Super-sampling

45. Which of the following is the correct full form of the NLN line clipping algorithm?
a) Nicholai-Lee-Nicholl algorithm
b) Nicholl-Liang-Nicholl algorithm
c) Nicholl-Lee-Nicholl algorithm
d) Nicholai-Liang-Nicholl algorithm

46. ‘Skala’ is an example of which of the following type of clipping?

a) polygon clipping
b) line clipping
c) curve clipping
d) point clipping

47. Which of the following is not a type of area sampling?

a) Point sampling
b) Weighted area sampling
c) Anti-aliasing
d) Unweighted area sampling

48. In which of the following method, fixed pattern of a line is used to generate characters?
a) Dot-matrix method
b) Bitmap method
c) Stroke method
d) Starbust method

49. Which of the following stores the picture information as a charge distribution behind the phosphor-coated screen?
a) Direct-view storage tube
b) Flat panel displays
c) 3D viewing device
d) Cathode ray tube

50. Which of the following device is designed to minimize the background sound?
a) Joystick
b) Data glove
c) Microphone
d) Digitizers

1. A translation is applied to an object by

a) Repositioning it along with straight line path
b) Repositioning it along with circular path
c) Only b
d) All of the mentioned

2. We translate a two-dimensional point by adding

a) Translation distances
b) Translation difference
c) X and Y
d) Only a

3. The translation distances (dx, dy) is called as

a) Translation vector
b) Shift vector
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b

4. In 2D-translation, a point (x, y) can move to the new position (x’, y’) by using the equation
a) x’=x+dx and y’=y+dx
b) x’=x+dx and y’=y+dy
c) X’=x+dy and Y’=y+dx
d) X’=x-dx and y’=y-dy

5.The two-dimensional translation equation in the matrix form is

a) P’=P+T
b) P’=P-T
c) P’=P*T
d) P’=p

6. _________ is a rigid body transformation that moves objects without deformation.

a) Rotation
b) Scaling
c) Translation
d) All of the mentioned

7. A straight line segment is translated by applying the transformation equation

a) P’=P+T
b) Dx and Dy
c) P’=P+P
d) Only c

8. Polygons are translated by adding __________ to the coordinate position of each vertex and the current attribute
setting.
a) Straight line path
b) Translation vector
c) Differences
d) Only b

9. To change the position of a circle or ellipse we translate

a) Center coordinates
b) Center coordinates and redraw the figure in new location
c) Outline coordinates
d) All of the mentioned

10.The basic geometric transformations are

a) Translation
b) Rotation
c) Scaling
d) All of the mentioned

1. A two dimensional rotation is applied to an object by

a) Repositioning it along with straight line path
b) Repositioning it along with circular path
c) Only b
d) Any of the mentioned

2. To generate a rotation , we must specify

a) Rotation angle ϴ
b) Distances dx and dy
c) Rotation distance
d) All of the mentioned

3. Positive values for the rotation angle ϴ defines

a) Counterclockwise rotations about the end points
b) Counterclockwise translation about the pivot point
c) Counterclockwise rotations about the pivot point
d) Negative direction

4. The rotation axis that is perpendicular to the xy plane and passes through the pivot point is known as
a) Rotation
b) Translation
c) Scaling
d) Shearing

5. The original coordinates of the point in polor coordinates are

a) X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r cos (Ф +ϴ)
b) X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф +ϴ)
c) X’=r cos (Ф -ϴ) and Y’=r cos (Ф -ϴ)
d) X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф -ϴ)

6. The two-dimensional rotation equation in the matrix form is

a) P’=P+T
b) P’=R*P
c) P’=P*P
d) P’=R+P

7. ________ is the rigid body transformation that moves object without deformation.
a) Translation
b) Scaling
c) Rotation
d) Shearing

8. An ellipse can also be rotated about its center coordinates by rotating

a) End points
b) Major and minor axes
c) Only a
d) None

1. The transformation that is used to alter the size of an object is

a) Scaling
b) Rotation
c) Translation
d) Reflection

2. The two-dimensional scaling equation in the matrix form is

a) P’=P+T
b) P’=S*P
c) P’=P*R
d) P’=R+S

3. Scaling of a polygon is done by computing

a) The product of (x, y) of each vertex
b) (x, y) of end points
c) Center coordinates
d) Only a

4. If the scaling factors values sx and sy < 1 then

a) It reduces the size of object
b) It increases the size of object
c) It stunts the shape of an object
d) None

5. If the scaling factors values sx and sy are assigned to the same value then
a) Uniform rotation is produced
b) Uniform scaling is produced
c) Scaling cannot be done
d) Scaling can be done or cannot be done

6. If the scaling factors values sx and sy are assigned to unequal values then
a) Uniform rotation is produced
b) Uniform scaling is produced
c) Differential scaling is produced
d) Scaling cannot be done

7. The objects transformed using the equation P’=S*P should be

a) Scaled
b) Repositioned
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b

8. We control the location of a scaled object by choosing the position is known as

a) Pivot point
b) Fixed point
c) Differential scaling
d) Uniform scaling

9. If the value of sx=1 and sy=1 then

a) Reduce the size of object
b) Distort the picture
c) Produce an enlargement
d) No change in the size of an object

10. The polygons are scaled by applying the following transformation.

a) X’=x * Sx + Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy + Yf(1-Sy)
b) X’=x * Sx + Xf(1+Sx) and Y’=y * Sy + Yf(1+Sy)
c) X’=x * Sx + Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy – Yf(1-Sy)
d) X’=x * Sx * Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy * Yf(1-Sy)

1. In a rotation, by how much angle is the object rotated?

a) 45 degree
b) 90 degree
c) 180 degree
d) 360 degree

2. Reflection is a special case of rotation.

a) True
b) False

3. If two pure reflections about a line passing through the origin are applied successively the result is
___________________
a) Pure rotation
b) Quarter rotation
c) Half rotation
d) True reflection
4. What is the determinant of the pure reflection matrix?
a) 1
b) 0
c) -1
d) 2

5. Which of the following is NOT true?

Image formed by reflection through a plane mirror is_______________
a) of same size
b) same orientation
c) virtual
d) is at same distance from the mirror

6. Which of the following represents shearing?

a) (x, y) → (x+a, y+b)
b) (x, y) → (ax, by)
c) (x, y) → (x cos(θ)+y sin(θ), -x sin(θ)+y cos(θ))
d) (x, y) → (x+ay, y+bx)

7. If a ‘3 x 3’ matrix shears in X direction, how many elements of it are ‘1’?

a) 2
b) 3
c) 6
d) 5

8. If a ‘3 x 3’ matrix shears in Y direction, how many elements of it are ‘0’?

a) 2
b) 3
c) 6
d) 5

9. Shearing is also termed as ________________

a) Selecting
b) Sorting
c) Scaling
d) Skewing

10. Shearing and reflection are types of translation.

a) True
b) False

11. Which of this is compulsory for 2D reflection.

a) Reflection plane.
b) Origin
c) Reflection axis
d) Co-ordinate axis.

1. Which of the following operation can be applied on a 3 D object to move it along any axis from its original position?
a) Translation
b) Scaling
c) Rotation
d) Shearing

2. If a point (x, y, z) is to be translated by an amount dx, dy and dz respectively, then what will be the value of the new
translated points (x1, y1, z1)?
a) x1 = x
y1 = y
z1 = z
b) x1 = dx
y1 = dy
z1 = dz
c) x1 = x + dx
y1 = y + dy
z1 = z + dz
d) x1 = x – dx
y1 = y – dy
z1 = z – dz

3. In the equation x1 = dx + x; which part of the equation is called as the translation factor?
a) x1
b) dx
c) x
d) dx + x

4. If the original point P = (5, 7, 3) and the translation factor, T = (-2, -1, 3), then what will be the value of the final point
P1?
a) P1 = (7, 8, 6)
b) P1 = (3, 6, 0)
c) P1 = (7, 8, 0)
d) P1 = (3, 6, 6)

5. How many different types of translation are present in computer graphics?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

6. Which of the following matrix equation is correct for 3 D translation?

a) x1[y1]=z11100Tx[010Ty]001Tz0001x0[y0]z01

b) x1[y1]=z111001[010Tx]001Ty000Tzx0[y0]z01

c) x1[y1]=z11100Tx[010Ty]001Tz0001x0[y0]z01

d) x1[y1]=z11000Tx[010Ty]010Tz1000x0[y0]z01

7. Which of the following operation can be applied on a 3 D object to zoom it in or out about any axis from its original
position?
a) Translation
b) Scaling
c) Rotation
d) Shearing

8. What will be the value of new co-ordinates if the old co-ordinates are (X0 = 2, Y0 = 0, Z0 = 4) and the scaling factor is
(Sx = 2, Sy = 1, Sz = 3)?
a) (X1 = 4, Y1 = 1, Z1 = 7)
b) (X1 = 0, Y1 = -1, Z1 = 1)
c) (X1 = 1, Y1 = 0, Z1 = 4/3)
d) (X1 = 4, Y1 = 0, Z1 = 12)

9. Which of the following matrix equation is correct for 3 D scaling of an object?

a) x1[y1]=z11Sx000[0Sy00]00Sz00001x0[y0]z01

b) x1[y1]=z11Sx001[0Sy10]01Sz01000x0[y0]z01

c) x1[y1]=z10Sx000[0Sy00]00Sz00001x0[y0]z00

d) x1[y1]=z11000Sx[00Sy0]0Sz001000x0[y0]z01
10. If Scaling factor is lesser than 1 then the object size is increased.
a) True
b) False

1. Which of the following operation can be applied on a 3 D object to rotate it about any axis from its original position?
a) Translation
b) Scaling
c) Rotation
d) Shearing

2. The positive value of the pivot point rotates an object in which of the following position?
a) Clockwise
b) Anti-Clockwise
c) Both Clockwise and Anti-Clockwise
d) Neither Clockwise nor Anti-Clockwise

3. Which of the following matrix equation is correct for 3 D rotation around x axis?
a) x1[y1]=z111000[0cosθ−sinθ0]0sinθcosθ00001x0[y0]z01

b) x1[y1]=z111000[0cosθsinθ0]0−sinθcosθ00001x0[y0]z01

c) x1[y1]=z111000[0sinθ−cosθ0]0cosθsinθ00001x0[y0]z01

d) x0[y0]=z011000[0cosθ−sinθ0]0sinθcosθ00001x1[y1]z11

4. Which of the following matrix equation is correct for 3 D rotation around y axis?
a)x1[y1]=z11cosθ0sinθ1[1011]−sinθ0cosθ01000x0[y0]z01

b) x1[y1]=z11sinθ0sinθ0[0100]−cosθ0cosθ00001x0[y0]z01

c) x1[y1]=z11cosθ0sinθ0[0100]−sinθ0cosθ00001x0[y0]z01

d) x1[y1]=z10cosθ0sinθ0[0100]−sinθ0cosθ01110x0[y0]z00

5. Which of the following matrix equation is correct for 3 D rotation around z axis?
a) x1[y1]=z11sinθ−cosθ00[cosθsinθ00]00100001x0[y0]z01

b) x1[y1]=z11cosθ−sinθ11[sinθcosθ11]00010010x0[y0]z01

c) x1[y1]=z10cosθ−sinθ00[sinθcosθ00]00101110x0[y0]z00

d) x1[y1]=z11cosθ−sinθ00[sinθcosθ00]00100001x0[y0]z01

6. Every vertex in a polygon is rotated with the same rotation angle.

a) True
b) False

7. Which of the following equation is correct for the new Y co-ordinate if an object undergoes 3D rotation around x axis?
a) Ynew = Yold x cosθ – Zold x sinθ
b) Ynew = Yold x sinθ – Zold x cosθ
c) Ynew = Yold x cosθ + Zold x sinθ
d) Ynew = Yold x sinθ + Zold x cosθ

8. Which of the following equation is correct for the new Z co-ordinate if an object undergoes 3D rotation around y axis?
a) Znew = Yold x cosθ + Xold x sinθ
b) Znew = Yold x cosθ – Xold x sinθ
c) Znew = Yold x sinθ + Xold x cosθ
d) Znew = Yold x sinθ – Xold x cosθ
1. Which of the following equation is correct for the new Z co-ordinate if an object undergoes 3D rotation around x axis?
a) Znew = Yold x sinθ – Zold x cosθ
b) Znew = Yold x sinθ + Zold x cosθ
c) Znew = Yold x cosθ – Zold x sinθ
d) Znew = Yold x cosθ + Zold x sinθ

2. Which of the following equation is correct for the new X co-ordinate if an object undergoes 3D rotation around y axis?
a) Xnew = Zold x cosθ – Xold x sinθ
b) Xnew = Zold x cosθ + Xold x sinθ
c) Xnew = Zold x sinθ – Xold x cosθ
d) Xnew = Zold x sinθ + Xold x cosθ

3. Which of the following equation is correct for the new X co-ordinate if an object undergoes 3D rotation around z axis?
a) Xnew = Xold x cosθ – Yold x sinθ
b) Xnew = Xold x cosθ + Yold x sinθ
c) Xnew = Xold x sinθ – Yold x cosθ
d) Xnew = Xold x sinθ + Yold x cosθ

4. Which of the following equation is correct for the new Y co-ordinate if an object undergoes 3D rotation around z axis?
a) Ynew = Xold x sinθ – Yold x cosθ
b) Ynew = Xold x sinθ + Yold x cosθ
c) Ynew = Xold x cosθ – Yold x sinθ
d) Ynew = Xold x cosθ + Yold x sinθ

5. What will be the final coordinates after rotation of the point P(5, 5, 5) at 90° about Z-axis?
a) (5, -5, -5)
b) (-5, -5, -5)
c) (-5, 5, 5)
d) (5, -5, 5)

6. What will be the final coordinates after rotation of the point P(2, 3, 7) at 90° about X-axis?
a) (2, -7, -3)
b) (-2, -7, -3)
c) (-2, 7, 3)
d) (2, -7, 3)