People count in twos, fives, twenties etc.

Also the days

of the week can be counted in 24 hours. Generally
people count in tens. The digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 are
used to represent numbers. The place value of the
digits is shown in the number example: 395:- 3
Lesson Notes Mathematics JSS3 Hundreds, 9 Tens and 5 Units. i.e. 3X102 + 9 X 101
First Term +5 X 100.

Since the above number is based on the powers of tens

Lessonplan it is called the base ten number system i.e. 300 + 90 +
5
Mathematics JSS3 – Edudelight.com
Also 4075 = 4 Thousand 0 Hundred 7 Tens 5 Units i.e.
FIRST TERM
4 x 103 + 0 X 102 + 7 X 101 + 5 X 100 Other Number
SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS systems are sometimes used.

CLASS: JSS3 For Example: The base 8 system is based on the power
of 8. For example: Expand 6478, 265237, 1011012,
SCHEME OF WORK

WEEKS TOPICS (a) 6478 = 6 x 82 + 4 x 81 + 7 X 80 =6 x 64 + 4 x

8+7x1
1 Whole numbers: Binary number
(b) 265237 =2 x 74 + 6 x73 + 5 x 72 + 2x 71 + 3 x
system, translation of word
problems 70

2 Whole numbers: Expressions (c) 1011012= 1 x 25 + 0 x 24 + 1 x 23 + 1 x 22 + 0

involving brackets, direct and
x21 + 1 x 20
inverse proportion, application,
compound interest. EVALUATION

3 Addition and subtraction of Expand The Following

numbers in base two
1. 4343
4 Multiplication and division of
2. 1011112
numbers in base two
CONVERSION TO DENARY SCALE (BASE
5 Rational and non – rational
TEN)
numbers, Variations
When converting from other bases to base ten the
6 Factorization
number must be raised to the base and added.
7 Simple equations involving Worked Examples:
fractions
Convert the following to base 10
8 Change of subject of formulae
(a) 178
9 Measure of central tendency
(b) 110112
10 Application of measures of
central tendency Solutions:

REFERENCE BOOKS (a) 178 = 1 X 81 + 7 X 80 = 1 X 8 + 7 X 1 = 8 + 7

= 15
New General Mathematics by M. F Macrae et al bk 3

Essential Maths by AJS OluwasanmiBk 3 (b) 110112 = 1 X 24 + 1 X 23 + 0 X 22 + 1 X 21 +

1 X 20 = 1 X 16 + 1 X 8 + 0 X 4 + 1 X 2 +
WEEK ONE
1 X 1= 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 27
NUMBER BASE CONVERSIONS
EVALUATION GENERAL EVALUATION

Convert The Following To Base Ten: Convert the following to base seven

(a) 101002 1. 405ten

(b) 21203 2. 876ten

CONVERSION FROM BASE TEN TO OTHER Evaluate the following

BASES
3. 5 – 3 + 4
To change a number from base ten to another base
READING ASSIGNMENT
1. Divide the base ten number by the new base
New Gen Math Book 3 pg 15-17
number.
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S.3 Pg 5 -9
2. Continue dividing until zero is reached
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
3. Write down the remainder each time
1. Express 3426 as number in base 10 (a)
4. Start at the last remainder and read upwards to
134 (b) 341 (c) 143
get the answer.
2. Change the number 100102 to base 10 (a)
Worked Examples:
1001 (b) 40 (c) 18
1. Convert 6810 to base 6
3. Express in base 2, 10010 (a)
2. Covert 12910 to base 2
100100 (b) 1100100 (c) 11001

Solutions: 4. Convert 120 base 10 to base 3 (a)

111103 (b) 12103 (c) 121103
1. 6 68

6 11 R 2 5. Convert 25 base 10 to base 2 (a)

110012 (b) 10012 (c) 11002
6 1R
THEORY
0R1
1. Convert 12648 to base 10
= 1526
2. Convert 10510 to base 2
2. 2 129
Mathematics JSS3 – Edudelight.com
2 64 R 1
WEEK TWO
2 32 R 0
SOLVING EQUATION EXPRESSIONS
2 16 R 0
WORD PROBLEMS
2 8R0
Worked Examples:
2 4R0
1. Find 1/4 of the positive difference between 29 & 11
2 2R0
2. The product of a certain number and 5 is equal to
2 1R0 twice the number subtracted from 20. Find the number

2 0R1 3. The sum of 35 and a certain number is divided by 4

the result is equal to double the number. Find the
= 100000012
number.
EVALUATION
Solutions:
1. Convert 56910 to base 8
1. Positive Difference 29 – 11 = 18

2. Convert 10010 to base 2

1/4 of 18 = 4 2/5
2. Let the number be x Solutions:

xX 5 = 20 – 2x 1. x =2

5x = 20 – 2x 9

5x + 2x = 20 Cross multiply

7x = 20 x = 18

x = 20/7 = 2 2. x+9 + 2+x =0

3. Let the number be n 5 2

sum of 35 and n = n + 35 Multiply by the LCM (10)

divided by 4 = n + 35 10 X (x + 9) + 10 X ( 2 + x) = 0 X 10

4 5 2

result = 2 X n 2 (x + 9) + 5 (2 + x) = 0

therefore n + 35 = 2n 2x + 18 + 10 + 5x = 0

4 2x + 5x + 28 = 0

n + 35 = 8n 7x = -28

8n – n = 35 x = -28/7 = -4

7n = 35 3. 2x = 5x + 1 + 3x – 5

n = 35/7 = 5 7 2

EVALUATION Multiply by the LCM (14)

1. From 50 subtract the sum of 3 & 5 then divide 14 X 2x = 14 (5x + 1) + 14 ( 3x – 5)

the result by 6
7 2
2. The sum of 8 and a certain number is equal to
28x = 2 (5x + 1) + 7 (3x – 5)
the product of the number and 3 find
28x = 10x + 2 + 21x – 35
the number.
28x = 31x – 33
SOLVING EQUATION EXPRESSIONS WITH
FRACTION 28x – 31x = -33

Always clear fractions before beginning to solve an -3x = -33

equation.
x = 33/3 = 11
To clear fractions, multiply each term in the equation
EVALUATION
by the LCM of the denominations of the fractions.
Solve the following equations.
Examples:
1. 7/3c = 21/2
Solve the following
2. 6 = 11
1. x =2
y+3 y–2
9
3. 3 – 4 =0
2. x+9 + 2+x =0
2b – 5 b–3
5 2
Furthermore, we can consider the word equations or
3. 2x = 5x + 1 + 3x – 5
expressions into:
7 2
• Sum & Differences 2, 2X + 4, 2X + 6, 2X + 8, 2X + 10…………

• Products for consecutive even numbers, we have X, X +

2, X + 4, X + 6…….
• Expressions with fractions & equations
for consecutive odd numbers, we have X + 1,
SUM & DIFFERENCES
X + 2, X + 3, X + 4…
The sum of a set of numbers is a result obtained when
for consecutive numbers.
the numbers are added together. The difference
between two numbers is a result of subtracting one let the first number be x,
number from the other.
let the second number be x + 1
Worked Examples:
let the third number be x + 2
1. Find the sum of -2 & -3.4
Therefore x + x + 1 + x + 2 = 63
2. Find the positive difference between 19 & 8
3x + 3 = 63
3. The difference between two numbers is 7. If
3x = 63 – 3
the smaller number is 7 find the other.
3x = 60
4. The difference between -3 and a number is 8,
find the two possible values for the number. x = 60 /3

5. Find the three consecutive numbers whose sum = 20

is 63.
The numbers are 20, 21, and 22.
Solutions:
EVALUATION
1. -2 + -3.4 = -5.4
1. Find the sum of all odd numbers between 10
2. 19 – 8 = +11 and 20

3. let the number be Y i.e Y -7 = 7 2. The sum of four consecutive odd numbers is
80 find the numbers
i.e Y = 7 + 7 = 14
3. The difference between 2 numbers is 9, the
4. Let M represent the number largest number is 32 find the numbers.

M – (-3) = 8 PRODUCTS

m+3=8 The product of two or more numbers is the result

obtained when the numbers are multiplied together.
m=8–3
Worked Examples:
m = +5
1. Find the product of – 6, 0.7, &
also -3 – m = 8
2. The product of two numbers is 8 .If one of the
-m = 8 + 3
numbers is 1/4 find the other.
-m = 11
3. Find the product of the sum of -2 & 9 and the
m = -11 difference between -8 & -5.

the possible values are +5 & -11 Solutions:

5. Consecutive numbers are 1. Products -6 x 0.7 x

1,2,3,4,5,6,………….. Consecutive odd numbers
-6 x 7/10 x 20/3 = -6 x 7 x 20
are
10 x 3
1,3,5,7,9……….. consecutive even numbers
are 2, 4, 6, 8,10………. = -2 x 7 x 2 = -28

Representing in terms of X, we have 2X, 2X + 2. Let the number be x

 X x = 8 multiply both sides by 4 Example

x = 8 x 4 = 33 1. Seven workers dig a piece of ground in 10 days. How

long will five workers take?
3. Sum = -2 + 9 = 7
Solution:
Difference = -5-(-8) = -5 + 8 = 3
For 7 workers =10 days
Products= 7 x 3 = 21
For 1 worker =7×10=70 days
EVALUATION
For 5 workers=70/5 =14 days
1. The product of three numbers is 0.084 if two numbers
are 0.7 & 0.2 find the third 2. 5 people took 8 days to plant 1,200 trees, How long
will it take 10 people to plant the same number of
number.
trees
• Find the product of the difference between 2 & 7 and
Solution:
the sum of 2 & 7.
For 5 people =8 days
• From 50 subtract the sum of 3 & 5 then divide the
result by 6. For 1 person =8×5=40 days

• The sum of 8 and a certain number is equal to the For 10 people =40/10 =4 days
product of the number and 3 find
CLASS WORK
the number.
1. A woman is paid N 750 for 5 days, Find her pay for
Reading Assignment (a) 1 day (b) 22 days

New Gen Maths for J.S.S 3 Pg 20- 24 2. A piece of land has enough grass to feed 15 cows for x
days. How long will it last (a) 1 cow (b) y cows
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S 3 Pg 85-87
3. A bag of rice feeds 15 students for 7 days .How long
PROPORTION
would the same bag feed 10 students
Proportion can be solved either by unitary method or
Note on direct proportion: this is an example of direct
inverse method. When solving by unitary method,
proportion .The less time worked (3 days) the less
always
money paid (#270) the more time worked (24 days)
• Write in sentence the quantity to be found at the end. the more money paid (NN 2,160)

• Decide whether the problem is either an example of COMPOUND INTEREST

direct or inverse method
Interest is a payment given for saving or borrowing
• Find the rate for one unit before answering the money. It can either be simple interest or compound
problem. interest. It is simple interest when the interest is
calculated on the principal while it is compound
Examples
interest if interest is calculated on the amount at the
1. A worker gets N 900 for 10 days of work, find the end of each period. Amount is the sum of the principal
amount for (a) 3 days (b) 24 days (c) x days and the interest.

Solution Example:

For 1 day =N 900 Find the amount on borrowed for at simple interest.

1 day = 900/10 = N90 Solution:

a. For 3 days =3 x 90 = 270 and so that . Substituting the values, we will obtain

b. For 24 days = 24×90 = N 2,160 Example:

c. For x days =X x 90 = N 90 x Find the amount that becomes if saved for at per
annum simple interest.
INVERSE PROPORTION
 Solution: the sum by 2, the result is the same as five times the
number, what is the number?
1st year Principal
Mathematics JSS3 – Edudelight.com
interest
WEEK THREE
2nd year Principal
BINARY NUMBERS (BASE 2 NUMBERS)
interest
• Addition in base 2
3rd year Principal
• Subtraction in base 2
interest
• Multiplication & Division in base 2
AMOUNT
ADDITION IN BASE TWO
Alternatively, we can also solve the question with the
use of the formula where represent the time or We can add binary numbers in the same way as we
duration. separate with ordinary base 10 numbers.

Then, substituting into the formula, we can have The identities to remember are:-

() 0 + 0 = 0, 0 + 1 = 1, 1 + 0 = 1, 1 + 1 = 10, 1 + 1 + 1 =
11, 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 100
EVALUATION
Worked Examples
1. What is simple interest?
Simplify the following
2. Define compound interest.
1. 1110 + 1001 2. 1111 + 1101 + 101
3. Calculate of
Solutions:
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. 1110
1. Esther is 3 times as old as her sister Tolu, if the sum of
their ages is 20 years. Find the difference between + 1001
their ages.(a) 20 years (b) 8 years (C) 10
10111
years
2. 1111
2. 9 was subtracted from a certain number and the
result was divided by 4 if the final answer is 5 what + 1101
was the original number? (a) 29 (b) 18 (c) 20
101
3. A woman is 4 times as old as her son. In five
100001
years time she will be 3 times as old as her son. How
old is the woman (a) 50 yrs (b) 40 yrs (c) 45 Note: 11 take 1 carry 1
yrs
10 take 0 carry1
4. Bayo is 4 times as old as his sister Tolu. If the
100 take 0 carry 10
sum of their ages is 20 years, find the difference
between their ages. (a) 12 yrs (b) 15 yrs (c) 18 EVALUATION
yrs
1. Simplify the following 101 + 101 +111
5. Subtract the square root of 4 from the square of
4 and divide the result by 2 2. 10101 + 111

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 7 ADDITION IN BICIMALS

THEORY In bicimals, the binary point are placed underneath

each other exactly the same way like ordinary
1. Divide 36 by the difference between the decimals.
product of 3 & 6 and the square root of 36.
Example:
2. When I add 45 to a certain number, and divide
1. 1.1011two + 10.1001two + 10.01
2. 10.001two+ 101.111 WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Solution: 1. Express 3426 as a number in base 10. (a) 342

(b) 3420 (c) 134
1. 1 . 1011
2. Change the number 10010 to base 10 (a) 18
10 . 1001
(b) 34 (c) 40
10 .0100
3. Express in base two the square of 11 (a)
110. 1000two 1001 (b) 1010 (c) 1011

2. 101.111 4. Find the value of (101)2 in base two (a)

1010 (b) 1111 (c) 1001
10.001
5. Multiply 1000012 by 11
1000.000
(a) 1001 (b) 1100011 (c) 10111
SUBTRACTION IN BASE TWO
THEORY
The identities to remember on subtraction are: 0 – 0 =
1. Calculate 1102 x (10112 + 10012 – 1012)
0, 1 – 0 = 1, 10 – 1 = 1, 11 – 1 = 10, 100 – 1 = 11

Worked Examples 2. Convert 110111 to base five

Mathematics JSS3 – Edudelight.com
Simplify the following:-
WEEK FOUR
(a) 1110 – 1001 (b) 101010 – 111
MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION IN BASE
Solutions: TWO

(a) 1110 In multiplication, 0 x 0 = 0, 1 x 0 = 0, 1 x 1 = 1.

– 1001 When there is long multiplication of binary numbers,

101 the principle of addition can be used to derive the

answer. Under division, the principle of subtraction
(b) 101010 can be used.

– 111 Worked Examples:

1110 1. 1110 x 111

SUBTRACTION IN BICIMAL Solution:

Example 1. 1110

101.101two – 11.011two X 110

101.101 0000

11.011 1110

10.010two 1110

EVALUATION 1010100

1. 10111÷110 2. Multiply 11.01 by 1.1 in base two

2. 10001 x 11 Solution:

READING ASSIGNMENT 1101

New Gen Maths Book 3, chapter 1 Exercise 1e pg 18 x 11

Nos 1-12
1101
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S.3 Pg 8-10
1101
100.111 THEORY

DIVISION IN BASE TWO 1. Calculate 1102 x (10112 + 10012 – 1012)

Example: 2. Convert 110111 to base

Divide 110010101 by 1111 WEEK FIVE

Solution: RATIONAL AND NON-RATIONAL NUMBERS

AND COMPOUND INTEREST
1100101012 ÷ 11112 = 110112
RATIONAL AND NON-RATIONAL NUMBERS
Example:
Numbers which can be written as exact fractions or
Find the square root of 10100012
ratios in the form are called rational numbers. For
Solution: example, we can write these numbers as

First convert it to base 10 In addition, rational numbers are also numbers that
can be written as recurring decimals, for instance: is
10100012 = 1 x 2 6+ 0 + 1 x 2 4+ 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 x 20 equivalent respectively to the following:

= 64 + 16 + 1 = 81ten We Numbers which cannot be written as exact

fractions or recurring decimals are called non-rational
The square root of 81 = 9ten
numbers. Examples of non-rational numbers are

29 1 SQUARE ROOTS

24 0 Since rational numbers are not perfect squares, so their

22 0 square roots cannot be obtained easily except by trial

and error method or by the use of Table of Square
21 1 Roots in the four-figure table.

0 = 10012 Example 1:

EVALUATION Find to three significant figures by the use of tables.

1. 10111÷110 Solution:

2. 10001 x 11 gives from the table. Hence, answer is to .

READING ASSIGNMENT Example2:

New Gen Maths Book 3, chapter 1 Exercise 1e pg 18 Find to the nearest tenth by the use of tables.
Nos 1-12
Solution:
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S.3 Pg 8-10
is equivalent to . This is equal to . We can now look
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT up from the table to give . So that .

1. Express 3426 as a number in base 10. (a) 342 Hence, answer is to the nearest tenth.
(b) 3420 (c) 134
EVALUATION
2. Change the number 10010 to base 10 (a) 18
1. Which of the following is an irrational number?
(b) 34 (c) 40
2. Which of the following is a rational number?
3. Express in base two the square of 11 (a)
1001 (b) 1010 (c) 1011 3. Find the square root of , leaving your answer in one
decimal place.
4. Find the value of (101)2 in base two (a)
1010 (b) 1111 (c) 1001 DIRECT AND INVERSE VARIATION

5. Multiply 1000012 by 11 DIRECT VARIATION

(a) 1001 (b) 1100011 (c) 10111 This is used to describe quantities which vary in
 proportions to each other, such that as one increases now be written in equation form as .
the other increases, and as one decreases the other
Where has been replaced by is a constant of
decreases. Thus, if P varies directly as R, then the
variation. It can also be expressed as
expression symbolically becomes . The expression can
now be written in equation form as The equation is the equation of variation.

Where has been replaced by is a constant of Example 3:

variation. It can also be expressed as
Given that is inversely proportional to , and that , find
The equation is the equation of variation. the (a) relationship between and (b) value of when

Example 1: Solution:

If varies directly as the square of , find the law of such that and
variation between given that when Find the value of
(a) is the required relationship between and (b)
when and the value of
EVALUATION
Solution:
1. The current in in an electric circuit varies inversely
and the law of variation becomes
with the resistance If a current of is produced by a
For substitution gives . resistance of what current will be produced by a
resistance of ?
Then .
2. Find the percentage change in the current from
For substitution gives
question if the resistance is decreased by
such that
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF INVERSE
then VARIATION

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF DIRECT The graph here will not be a straight line from the
VARIATION origin instead it will give us a curve.

Data collected from quantities that vary directly can be

Speed 80 40 20 10 5
represented graphically. This will give a straight line
graph through the origin as shown below. Time 0.5 1 2 4 8
Example 2: Example 4:Given that speed varies inversely to time
Given that distance varies directly with time, consider use the below table to plot a graph of an inverse
the table below and plot a graph for such relationship. relationship between

Solution:
Distance 5 10 15 20 25
GENERAL EVALUATION
Time 1 2 3 4 5
1. Factorize the expression
Solution:
2. Factorize
EVALUATION
3. What is the value of the digit in the ?
1. varies directly as and when Find when
4. What is the highest common factor of and ?
2. If increases by from question find the percentage
5. Simplify
change in .
READING ASSIGNMENT
INVERSE VARIATION
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S. 3 by Oluwasanmi
This variation means that related quantities vary
A.J.S. 2014 edition; Pages
inversely or as reciprocal to each other. Hence as one
increases the other decreases; and as one decreases, Essential Mathematics Workbook for J.S.S. 3 by
the other increases. Thus if varies inversely as , Oluwasanmi A.J.S.; Exercise 7.1, numbers
symbolically this is written as .The expression can
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. If and when find the value of when . A. B. C. is and its volume is 0.018m3

2. and when find the value of when . A. B. C. Solution:

3. If varies directly as and what is value of when ? a. and , such that

A. B. C. Substituting the values, becomes

• and when Find the relationship between m and n. and the relationship is

A. B. C. D. m = •

• Find the value of m when . A. 6 B. C. EVALUATION

THEORY 1. Suppose . When Find

1. and when find (a) when (b) the percentage change 2. Find the percentage change in when increases by
in if increases by . and decreases by

2. When repaying a loan, the number of monthly PARTIAL VARIATION

payments, , varies inversely with the amount of each
Partial variation problems occur everywhere around
payment, . The loan can be repaid by 10 monthly
us. Some examples are described below:
payment of Find the formula which connects . Hence
find how long it takes to repay the loan with monthly • When a hairdresser makes hair, the money he/she
payments of charges M, is dependent on both the cost of the wool

JOINT AND PARTIAL VARIATION (thread or weavon in some cases) C which is constant,
and on the time T, taken to make the hair. The less the
JOINT VARIATION weaves, the less the time it will take to complete and
the less the charges. We can write a partial equation
Joint variation is obtained when a quantity varies with
for this as: , where are constants.
more than one other quantity either directly and/or
inversely. For instance, is jointly proportional to both • Domestic electricity prepaid meter bills are prepared
and as in . Also, is directly proportional to and on two components which are rental charge
inversely proportional to as in . (independent of the amount of power consumed) and
consumption charges (dependent on the quantity of
Example 1:
power consumed). We can also write the total bill T in
If .When partial equation as: , where are constants depending
on the customer.
a. Find the relation between
Thus, partial variation statements can come in these
b. Find when
formats described below:
Solution:
• is partly constant and partly varies as is interpreted as
a. and
• varies partly as and partly inversely as can also be
After substituting, we have interpreted as

The relation between them is given by In these cases, and are constants that can be obtained
simultaneously.
•
Example 3:
Example 2:
is partly constant and partly varies as the square of
The universal gas law states that the volume of a
Write an equation connecting and Given that when
given mass of an ideal gas varies directly with its
and when Write down the law of variation. Find
absolute temperature and inversely with its pressure A
when
certain mass of gas at an absolute temperature and
pressure has a volume . Find: Solution:

a. the formula that connects . The equation connecting and is , where and are
constants.
b. the pressure of the gas when its absolute temperature
When , becomes From second statement:

When , we have becomes Solving the simultaneously,

Combining the two equations and solving Subtracting:

simultaneously, and

Subtracting: and Substitute for into , so that

Substitute for into , so that and .

and . The law of variation becomes So that . The law of variation becomes

When becomes If it takes to make the dress, the cost becomes

Example 4: EVALUATION

varies as partly as and partly as the cube of . When 1. varies partly directly with and partly varies inversely
and when . Write the law connecting and . Find when with y. When and when . Find when

Solution: 2. An examination fee is partly constant and partly varies

with the number of subjects entered. When the
The equation connecting and is , where and are
examination fee is three subjects are entered. When
constants.
the fee is , five subjects are entered. Find the number
when , becomes of subjects entered if the fee is

when , becomes GENERAL EVALUATION

Combining the two equations and solving 1. Express in tonnes.

simultaneously to eliminate
2. Express in fraction in its lowest term.
Subtracting:
3. What is the sum of and kobo expressed in kobo?
and
4. Factorize
Alternatively, dividing through by , gives and
dividing through by , gives . 5. A trader gives discount on an article in his kiosk
marked . How much would a customer pay on such
Then,
article?
Subtracting:
READING ASSIGNMENT
And as obtained above.
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S. 3 by Oluwasanmi
Substitute for into , so that and A.J.S. 2014 edition; Pages

So that . The law of variation becomes Essential Mathematics Workbook for J.S.S. 3 by
Oluwasanmi A.J.S.; Exercise , numbers
When becomes
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Example 5:
1. and Find when . A. B. C. D. 5
The cost in naira of making a dress is partly constant
and partly varies with the amount of time in hours it 2. In the question above. A. increases by B. decreases
takes to make the dress. If the dress takes 3 hours to by C. increases by D. X decreases by 25%
make, it costs N2700, and if it takes 5 hours to make
3. is partly constant and partly varies with y. This is
the dress, it costs N3100. Find the cost if it takes
statement can be represented as
hours to make the dress.
A. B. C. D. P = a + y
Solution:
• If and then A. B. C.
Using and to represent the cost and time respectively,
we can proceed by writing • How many constants do we have in partial variation?
A. B. C.
From first statement:
 THEORY • Difference of two squares

1. If and when calculate • Factorisation of quadratic expression

(a) when ; (b) when FACTORISATION OF SIMPLE EXPRESSION

• The charge for a pair of shoe is partly constant and To factorise an expression completely, take the
partly varies as the number of pair of shoes. If pairs HCFoutside the bracket and then divide each term
cost and the cost of pairs is Find the charges for with the HCF.
pairs.
Example:
GENERAL EVALUATION
Factorise the following completely.
1. Make L the subject of the formula
1. 8xy + 4x2y
2. Change 84 in base ten to a number in base two.
2. 6ab – 8a2b + 12ab
3. Represent on the number line.
Solution:
4. Convert in a decimal number to an octal number.
1. 8xy + 4x2y
5. A car travelled in minutes. What is the speed of the
car in ? 8xy = 2 X 2 X 2 X xX y

READING ASSIGNMENT 4x2y = 2 X 2 X xXxX y

Essential Mathematics for J.S.S. 3 by Oluwasanmi HCF = 4xy

A.J.S. 2014 edition; Pages
8xy + 4x2y = 4xy( + )
Essential Mathematics Workbook for J.S.S. 3 by
= 4xy( 2 + x)
Oluwasanmi A.J.S.; Exer. , numbers Exercise ,
numbers . 2. 9a2bc3 – 12ab2c2
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
9a2bc3 = 3 X 3 X a X a X c X c X c
1. The simple interest on for years at is _________.
12ab2c2 = 2 X 2 X 3 X b X b X c X c
A. B. C. D. #3,000
HCF = 3abc2
• The amount on the above question is A. B. C.
= 3abc2(3ac – 4b)
• can also be written as A. B. C. D. 0.405
EVALUATION
• The square root of is A. B. C. D. 2695
Factorise the following expression
• Which of the following is a rational number?
1. 9x2yz2 – 12x3z3
THEORY

1. What is the compound interest on borrowed for years 2. 14cd + 35cd2f

at rate?
3. 20m2n – 15mn2
2. Find the square root of , leaving your answer in one
FACTORISATION BY GROUPING
decimal place.
To factorise an expression containing four terms, you
need to group the terms into pairs.Then factorise each
Mathematics JSS3 – Edudelight.com
pair of terns.
WEEK SIX
Example:
FACTORISATION
Factorise ab – 2cb + 2cf – af
CONTENT
Solution:
• Factorisation of simple expression
Group ab and af together and 2cb and 2cf together
 i.eab – 2cb + 2cf –af = ab – af – 2cb + 2cf (x+6)(x+1)

= a( b – f ) -2c( b – f ) EVALUATION

= (a – 2c)( b – f) 1. z2 – 2z + 1

EVALUATION 1. x2 +10x – 24

Factorise these expressions; FACTORISATION OF QUADRATIC

EQUATIONS OF THE FORM ax 2 +bx +c
1. 16uv – 12vt + 20mu – 15mt
1. ap +aq +bq + bp Example: 5x 2 -9x +4

1. mn – pq-pn +mq Solution:

FACTORISATION OF QUADRATIC
Product: 5x 2 x 4 = 20x 2
EXPRESSIONS
Factors: -5 and -4
A quadratic expression has two (2) as its highest
power; hence this at times is called a polynomial of Sum: -5-4 = -9
the second order. The general representation of
Hence, 5x 2 – 9x + 4
quadratic expression is ax 2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0.
From above expression, a, b, and c stands for a 5x2 -5x -4x +4
number.
5x(x-1)-4(x-1)
NOTE
(5x-4)(x-1)
• if ax 2 +bx + c= 0, this is known as quadratic equation
EVALUATION
• a is coefficient of x2, b is coefficient of x and c is a
constant term. 1. 2x 2 +13x +6

• When an expression contains three terms, it is known 2. 13d 2 – 11d – 2

as trinomial.
FACTORISATION OF TWO SQUARES
• To be able to factorize trinomial, we need to convert it
To factorise two squares with difference, we need to
to contain four terms.
remember the law guiding difference of two squares
Examples: factorization of trinomial of the form x2 i.e. x 2 – y2 = (x + y) (x- y).
+bx + c.
Examples:
1. Factorise x2 +7x +6
1. P 2 – Q2 = (P+Q) (P-Q)
Steps:
2. 36y 2 – 1= 6 2 y 2 – 1 2
• Multiply the 1st and the last term (3rd term) of the
expression. = (6y)2 – 1 2 = ( 6y+1) (6y-1).

• Find two factors of the above multiple such that if EVALUATION

added gives the second term (middle) and when
1. 121- y 2
multiplied gives the result in step 1.
2. x2y2 – 42
• Replace the middle term with these two numbers and
factorise by grouping. READING ASSIGNMENT

Solution to example: Essential Mathematics for J.S.S.3 Pg29-36

X2 x 6 = 6x2 Exam focus for J.S.S CE Pg101-105-

Factors: 6 and 1 WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

X2 + 6x + x + 6 1. The coefficient of x 2 in x 2 + 3x -5 is A. 3 B. 1 C. -5
D. 2
X(x+6) +1(x+6)
2. Simplify e 2 – f 2 A. (e+f)(e-f) B. (e+f)(f+e) C. (e-f)(f- Solution to example:
e) D. e+f
X2 x 6 = 6x2
3. Factorize x 2 +x -6 A. (x+3)(x+2) B. (x-2)(x+3) C.
Factors: 6 and 1
(x+1)(x+5) D. x + 2
X2 + 6x + x + 6
4. Solve by grouping 5h 2 -20h + h – 4 A. (h-4)(5h+1)
B. (h+4)(5h-1) C. (h+2)(h-5) D. h – 4 X(x+6) +1(x+6)

(x+6)(x+1)
5. 49m 2 – 64n 2 when factorised will be A. (7m+8n)
(8m+7n) B. (8m-7n)(8m+7n) EVALUATION

C. (7m-8n)(7m+8n) D. 7m – 8n
1. z2 – 2z + 1
THEORY 1. x2 +10x – 24

Factorise the following Factorisation of quadratic equations of the form ax

2 +bx +c
1. 4p2 – 12p +9q2

2. f 2 – 2f + 1 Example: 5x 2 -9x +4

FACTORISATION OF QUADRATIC Solution:

EXPRESSIONS
Product: 5x 2 x 4 = 20x 2
Aquadratic expression has two (2) as its highest
Factors: -5 and -4
power; hence this at times is called a polynomial of
the second order. The general representation of Sum: -5-4 = -9

quadratic expression is ax 2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0.

Hence, 5x 2 – 9x + 4
From above expression, a, b, and c stands for a
number. 5x2 -5x -4x +4

NOTE 5x(x-1)-4(x-1)

1. if ax 2 +bx + c= 0, this is known as quadratic equation (5x-4)(x-1)

2. a is coefficient of x2, b is coefficient of x and c is a EVALUATION

constant term.
1. 2x 2 +13x +6
3. When an expression contains three terms, it is known
2. 13d 2 – 11d – 2
as trinomial.
FACTORISATION OF TWO SQUARES
4. To be able to factorize trinomial, we need to convert it
to contain four terms. To factorise two squares with difference, we need to
remember the law guiding difference of two squares
Examples: factorization of trinomial of the form x2
i.e. x 2 – y2 = (x + y) (x- y).
+bx + c.
Examples:
2. Factorise x2 +7x +6
1. P 2 – Q2 = (P+Q) (P-Q)
Steps:

2. 36y2 – 1= 6 2 y 2 – 1 2= (6y) 2 – 1 2 = ( 6y+1)

• Multiply the 1st and the last term (3rd term) of the
(6y-1).
expression.
EVALUATION
• Find two factors of the above multiple such that if
added gives the second term (middle) and when
1. 121- y 2
multiplied gives the result in step 1.
2. x2y2 – 42
• Replace the middle term with these two numbers and
factorise by grouping. READING ASSIGNMENT
 Essential Mathematics for J.S.S.3 Pg29-36 expression.

Exam focus for J.S.S CE Pg101-105- • Find two factors of the above multiple such that if
added gives the second term (middle) and when
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
multiplied gives the result in step 1.
1. The coefficient of x 2 in x 2 + 3x -5 is (a) 3 (b) 1 (c)
• Replace the middle term with these two numbers and
-5
factorise by grouping.

2. Simplify e2 – f2 (a) (e+f)(e-f) (b) (e+f)(f+e) (c) (e- Solution to example:

f)(f-e)
X2 x 6 = 6x2
3. Factorize x 2 +x -6 (a) (x+3)(x+2) (b) (x-2)(x+3) (c)
Factors: 6 and 1
(x+1)(x+5)

X2 + 6x + x + 6
4. Solve by grouping 5h 2 -20h + h – 4 (a) (h-4)(5h+1)
(b) (h+4)(5h-1) (c) (h+2)(h-5) X(x+6) +1(x+6)

5. 49m 2 – 64n 2 when factorised will be (a) (7m+8n) (x+6)(x+1)

(8m+7n) (b) (8m-7n)(8m+7n)
Evaluation: 1. z2 – 2z + 1
(c) (7m-8n)(7m+8n)
2. x2 +10x – 24
THEORY
Factorisation of quadratic equations of the form ax
Factorise the following
2 +bx +c
1. 4p2 – 12p +9q2
Example: 5x 2 -9x +4
2. f 2 – 2f + 1
Solution:
FACTORISATION OF QUADRATIC
EXPRESSIONS Product: 5x 2 x 4 = 20x 2

A quadratic expression has two (2) as its highest Factors: -5 and -4

power; hence this at times is called a polynomial of Sum: -5-4 = -9

the second order. The general representation of
quadratic expression is ax 2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0. Hence, 5x 2 – 9x + 4
From above expression, a, b, and c stands for a
5x2 -5x -4x +4
number.
5x(x-1)-4(x-1)
NB:
(5x-4)(x-1)
1. if ax 2 +bx + c= 0, this is known as quadratic equation
Evaluation:
2. a is coefficient of x2, b is coefficient of x and c is a
constant term. 1. 2x 2 +13x +6

3. When an expression contains three terms, it is known 2. 13d 2 – 11d – 2

as trinomial.
FACTORISATION OF TWO SQUARES
4. To be able to factorize trinomial, we need to convert it
Tofactorise two squares with difference, we need to
to contain four terms.
remember the law guiding difference of two squares
Examples: factorization of trinomial of the form x2 i.e. x 2 – y2 = (x + y) (x- y).
+bx + c.
Examples:
1. Factorise x2 +7x +6
1. P 2 – Q2 = (P+Q) (P-Q)
Steps:
2. 36y 2 – 1= 6 2 y 2 – 1 2
• Multiply the 1st and the last term (3rd term) of the
 = (6y)2 – 1 2 = ( 6y+1) (6y-1). • Let the number be x

Evaluation: xX 5 = 20 – 2x

5x = 20 – 2x
1. 121- y 2
5x + 2x = 20
2. x2y2 – 42
7x = 20
READING ASSIGNMENT
x = 20/7 = 2
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S.3 Pg29-36
• Let the number be n
Exam focus for J.S.S CE Pg101-105
sum of 35 and n = n + 35
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
divided by 4 = n + 35
1. The coefficient of x 2 in x 2 + 3x -5 is (a) 3 (b) 1 (c)
-5 4

result = 2 X n
2. Simplify e 2 – f 2 (a) (e+f)(e-f) (b) (e+f)(f+e) (c) (e-
f)(f-e) thereforen + 35 = 2n

3. Factorize x 2 +x -6 (a) (x+3)(x+2) (b) (x-2)(x+3) (c) 4

(x+1)(x+5)
n + 35 = 8n
4. Solve by grouping 5h 2 -20h + h – 4 (a) (h-4)(5h+1)
8n – n = 35
(b) (h+4)(5h-1) (c) (h+2)(h-5)
7n = 35
5. 49m 2 – 64n 2 when factorised will be (a) (7m+8n)
(8m+7n) (b) (8m-7n)(8m+7n) n = 35/7 = 5

(c) (7m-8n)(7m+8n) EVALUATION

THEORY 1. From 50 subtract the sum of 3 & 5 then divide the

result by 6
Factorise the following 1. The sum of 8 and a certain number is equal to the
product of the number and 3 find the number
1. 4p2 – 12p +9q2
SOLVING EQUATION EXPRESSIONS WITH
2. f 2 – 2f + 1 FRACTION
WEEK SEVEN Always clear fractions before beginning to solve an
SOLVING EQUATION EXPRESSIONS equations: –

WORD PROBLEMS To clear fractions, multiply each term in the equation

by the LCM of the denominations of the fractions.
Worked Examples:
Examples:
1. Find 1/4 of the positive difference between 29 & 11
Solve the following
2. The product of a certain number and 5 is equal to
twice the number subtracted from 20. Find the number 1. x =2

3. The sum of 35 and a certain number is divided by 4 9

the result is equal to double the number. Find the 2. x+9 + 2+x =0
number.
5 2
Solutions:
3. 2x = 5x + 1 + 3x – 5
1. Positive Difference 29 – 11 = 18
7 2
1/4 of 18 = 4 2/5
Solutions:
 1. x =2 • Products

9 • Expressions with fractions & equations

Cross multiply SUM & DIFFERENCES

x = 18 The sum of a set of numbers is a result obtained when

the numbers are added together. The difference
2. x+9 + 2+x =0
between two numbers is a result of subtracting one
5 2 number from the other.

Multiply by the LCM (10) Worked Examples:

10 X (x + 9) + 10 X ( 2 + x) = 0 X 10 1. Find the sum of -2 & -3.4

5 2 2. Find the positive difference between 19 & 8

2 (x + 9) + 5 (2 + x) = 0 3. The difference between two numbers is 7. If the

smaller number is 7 find the other.
2x + 18 + 10 + 5x = 0
4. The difference between -3 and a number is 8, find
2x + 5x + 28 = 0
the two possible values for the number.
7x = -28
5. Find the three consecutive numbers whose sum is
x = -28/7 = -4 63.

3. 2x = 5x + 1 + 3x – 5 Solutions:

7 2 1. -2 + -3.4 = -5.4

Multiply by the LCM (14) 2. 19 – 8 = +11

14 X 2x = 14 (5x + 1) + 14 ( 3x – 5) 3. let the number be Y i.e Y -7 = 7

7 2 i.e Y = 7 + 7 = 14

28x = 2 (5x + 1) + 7 (3x – 5) 4. Let M represent the number

28x = 10x + 2 + 21x – 35 M – (-3) = 8

28x = 31x – 33 m+3=8

28x – 31x = -33 m=8–3

-3x = -33 m = +5

x = 33/3 = 11 also -3 – m = 8

EVALUATION -m = 8 + 3

Solve the following equations. -m = 11

1. 7/3c = 21/2 m = -11

2. 6 = 11 the possible values are +5 & -11

y+3 y–2 5. Consecutive numbers are

1,2,3,4,5,6,………….. Consecutive odd numbers
3. 3 – 4 =0
are
2b – 5 b–3
1,3,5,7,9……….. consecutive even numbers
Furthermore, we can consider the word equations are 2, 4, 6, 8,10……….
or expressions into:
Representing in terms of X, we have 2X, 2X +
• Sum & Differences 2, 2X + 4, 2X + 6, 2X + 8, 2X + 10…………
 for consecutive even numbers, we have X, X + x = 8 x 4 = 33
2, X + 4, X + 6…….
3. Sum = -2 + 9 = 7
for consecutive odd numbers, we have X + 1,
Difference = -5-(-8) = -5 + 8 = 3
X + 2, X + 3, X + 4…
Products= 7 x 3 = 21
for consecutive numbers.
EVALUATION
let the first number be x,
1. The product of three numbers is 0.084 if two numbers
let the second number be x + 1
are 0.7 & 0.2 find the third number
let the third number be x + 2
2. Find the product of the difference between 2 & 7 and
Therefore x + x + 1 + x + 2 = 63 the sum of 2 & 7

3x + 3 = 63 3. From 50 subtract the sum of 3 & 5 then divide the

result by 6
3x = 63 – 3
4. The sum of 8 and a certain number is equal to the
3x = 60
product of the number and 3 find the number
x = 60 /3
Reading Assignment
= 20
New Gen Maths for J.S.S 3 Pg 20- 24
The numbers are 20, 21, and 22.
Essential Mathematics for J.S.S 3 Pg 85-87
EVALUATION
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. Find the sum of all odd numbers between 10
1. Esther is 3 times as old as her sister Tolu, if the sum of
and 20
their ages is 20 years. Find the difference between
2. The sum of four consecutive odd numbers is their ages.
80 find the numbers
(a) 20 years (b) 8 years (C) 10
3. The difference between 2 numbers is 9, the
years
largest number is 32 find the numbers.
2. 9 was subtracted from a certain number and the
PRODUCTS
result was divided by 4 if the final
The products of two or more numbers is the result
answer is 5 what was the original number?
obtained when the numbers are multiplied together.
(a) 29 (b) 18 (c) 20
Worked Examples:
3. A woman is 4 times as old as her son. In five years
1. Find the product of – 6, 0.7, &
time she will be 3 times as old as her son. How old is
2. The product of two numbers is 8 .If one of the the woman(a) 50 yrs (b) 40 yrs (c) 45 yrs
numbers is 1/4 find the other.
4. Bayo is 4 times as old as his sister Tolu. If the sum
3. Find the product of the sum of -2 & 9 and the of their ages is 20 years, find the
difference between -8 & -5.
difference between their ages.
Solutions
(a) 12 yrs (b) 15 yrs (c) 18 yrs
1. Products -6 x 0.7 x
5. Subtract the square root of 4 from the square of 4
-6 x 7/10 x 20/3 = -6 x 7 x 20 and divide the result by 2

10 x 3 (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 7

= -2 x 7 x 2 = -28 THEORY

2. Let the number be x 1.Divide 36 by the difference between the product of 3

& 6 and the square root of 36.
X x = 8 multiply both sides by 4
 2. When I add 45 to a certain number, and divide the =mv-mu
sum by 2, the result is the same as five times the
FT
number, what is the number?
=m(v-u)
WEEK EIGHT
FT
CHANGE OF SUBJECT OF FORMULA
v-u =m
A formula is a general equation involving two or more
EVALUATION
unknowns. An example is the formula a = ¶r2 which
gives the area of the circle in terms of its radius r. In 1. Make r the subject if V =¶r 2h
this formula, a is called the subject of the formula.
2. Make u the subject if 1/f =1/v + 1/u
Simplifying a formula by substitution
READING ASSIGNMENT
Example:
1. Exam focus for J.S.C.E Pg 212 -216
Given mx+c=y , express x in terms of m,c,and y. Find
2. Essential Maths for J.S.S.3 Pg 47-54
the value of x if y=10, c=2 and m is 4
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Solution: mx+c= y, mx=y-c
1. Express a in terms of u, v, and t in v= u+at
X= y-c
1. a = vu-t (b) a= v-u (c) a = v+u
M
tt
To find the value of X, X= 10-2
2. If Z=2p +3, find the value of Z when p=1.
4 (a) Z=2, (b) Z= 5, (c) Z =7

X= 8/4 =2 3. In the relation X = m – 6y , how would you

write m in terms of x and y?
Evaluation: If I= PRT
6
1. makep the subject and find the value of p if I = 10, R=
4, and T= 5. (a) m=x-6 (b) m = 6x -6y (c) m =6x +6y

CHANGING THE SUBJECT OF A FORMULA 4. Express n in terms of s, a, and L if

S=n/2(a+L)
When a variable which forms a part of the formula is
made subject, we say we have changed the subject of (a) n=2(a+L) (b) n= 2S (c) 2S-(a-L)
the formula.
Sa+L
Examples:
5. Make U the subject if V 2 = U2 +2as.
1. In the formula S=2¶r(r+h), make h the subject.
1. Make m the subject if F= mv-mu (a) U= V 2 -2as (b) U = (V 2 -2as) 2 (c) V2
– 2a
T
THEORY
Solution: S=2¶r(r+h)
1. Given L = arn-1, make a the subject of the formula.
S=2¶r 2 +2¶rh
2. If S + 2t , make t the subject of the
S- 2¶r 2 =2¶rh formula. Find the value of t if S=1, d= 2.

S-2¶r2 =h d

2¶r WEEK NINE

2. F =mv-mu TOPIC: MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

T CALCULATION OF RANGE, MEAN, MEDIAN

AND MODE OF UNGROUPED DATA
Cross multiply: FT
RANGE = 39yr 7 mo – 33 yr 4 mo

The range of a set of numbers is the difference = 6 yr 3 mo

between the largest and the smallest numbers.
EVALUATION
Example: Find the range of the following set of
1)Find x if the mean of the numbers 13, 2x, 0, 5x and
scores: 79, 60, 52, 34, 58, 60.
11 is 9. Also find the range of the set of numbers.
Solution
2) A mother has seven children. The mean age of the
Arrange the set in rank order: 79, 60, 60, 58, 52, 34 children is 13 years 2 months. If the mother’s age is
included, the mean age rises to 17 years 7 months.
The range is 79 – 34 = 45
Calculate the age of mother.
THE MEAN
MEDIAN AND MODE
There are many kinds of average. T hemean or
MEDIAN: If a set of numbers is arranged in order of
arithmetic mean, is the most common kind. If there are
size, the middle term is called the median. If there is
n numbers in a set, then
an even number of terms, the median is the arithmetic
Mean = sum of the numbers in the set/ n mean of the two middle terms.

Examples Examples

1)Calculate the mean of the following set of numbers. Find the median of a) 15, 11, 8, 21, 17, 3, 8 b)
3.8, 2.1, 4.4, 8.3, 9.2, 5.0.
176 174 178 181 174
Solution
175 179 180 177 182
a)Arrange the numbers in rank order (i.e from highest
Solution
to lowest).
Mean = 176 + 174 + 178 + …. + 182/10
21, 17, 15, 11, 8, 8, 3
= 1776/10
There are seven numbers. The median is the 4th
= 177.6 number, 11 .

2)Five children have an average age of 7 years 11 b)Arrange the numbers from the lowest to highest.
months . If the youngest child is not included, the
2.1, 3.8, 4.4, 5.0, 8.3, 9.2
average increares to 8 years 4 months. Find the age of
the youngest child. There are six numbers. The median is the mean of the

Solution 3rd and 4th terms.

Total age of all five children Median = (4.4 + 5.0) /2

= 5 x 7 yr 11 mo = 4.7

= 35 yr 55 mo MODE: The mode of a set of numbers is the number

which appears most often, i.e. the number with the
= 35 yr + 4 yr 7 mo greatest frequency.
= 39 yr 7 mo Example: Twenty-one students did an experiment to
Total age of the four older children find the melting point of naphthalene. The table below
shows their results. What was a) the modal
= 4 x 8 yr 4 mo temperature b) the median temperature?

= 32 yr 16 mo
temperature (oC) 78 79 80 81 82 83 90
= 32yr + 1 yr 4 mo
frequency 1 2 7 5 3 2 1
= 33 yr 4 mo
a)Seven students recorded a temperature of 80oC. This
Age of youngest child was the most frequent result.
 Mode = 80oC numbers is 9,their median is 11. Find y

2)Students at a teacher training college are grouped by

b)There were 21 students. The median is the 11th
age as given in table below.
temperature. If the temperatures were written down in
order, there would be one of 78oC, two of 79oC, seven Age (years) 20 21 22 23 24 25
of 80oC, and so on. Since 1 +2 + 7 = 10, the 11th
Frequency 4 5 10 16 12 3
temperature is one of the five 81oCs.
a)Find the modal age.
Median = 81o C.
b)Find the median age.
Evaluation
c)Calculate the mean age of the students.
For the following set of numbers:
READING ASSIGNMENT
13, 14, 14, 15, 18, 18, 19, 19, 19, 21
ESSENTIAL MATHS BK 3 PG 201 – 205 Ex 22.5nos
a)state the median, b) state the mode, c) calcilate the 17 – 20
mean.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1)The number of goals scored by a team in nine

handball matches are as follows:

3, 5, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 11, 15

Which of the following statements are true of these

scores?

a)The mean is greater than the mode.

b)The mode and the median are equal.

c)The mean, median, and mode are all equal.

Use the table below to question 2-5

The table below shows the number of pupils (f)

scoring a given mark (x) in attest.

X 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12

f 3 8 7 10 13 16 15 15 6
2 5

2)Find the mode.

a)7 b) 8 c) 9 d) 10

3)Find the median.

a) 6 b) 7 c) 8 d) 9

4)Calculate the mean.

a) 6.7 b) 6.8 c) 6.9 d) 6.95

5)Find the range.

a) 10 b) 11 c) 9 d) 12

THEORY

1)x, x, x, y represent four numbers. The mean of the