Final Exam Cloud Computing

1.Which port used for HTTP protocol by default?

80

2. What does the term “elasticity” in cloud computing refer to?

ability to scale down

ability to scale up

3. What is cloud computing?

On-demand delivery of IT resources and applications through the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing

4. Which of the following are NOT benefits of AWS Cloud computing? (Multiple choice)

Multiple procurement cycles

High latency

5. Where is Load balancer usually located?

between user and web server

6. Economies of scale result from ...

having hundreds of thousands of customers aggregated in the cloud

7. ... allows companies to keep critical applications and sensitive data in a traditional data center
environment

Hybrid cloud

8. ... means adding resources to server

Scaling up

9. Private cloud is the type of deployment model where the services that you use are hosted and
delivered from a third-party and accessed over the internet

Select one:

False

10. AWS owns and maintains the network-connected hardware required for application services, while
you provision and use what you need.
Select one:

True

11. Which of the following is NOT an example of the cloud?

Select one:

None

12. What is the name of the software that lets you run multiple operating systems on one physical
server?

Select one:

Hypervisor

13. Which of these is NOT a cloud computing model? (multiple choice)

System as a Service
Integration as a Service
Product as a Service
14. Which of these is not a benefit of cloud computing over on-premises computing? (Choose the best
answer)

Pay for racking, stacking, and powering servers

15. Deployment model where you completely control the entire stack

Private cloud

16. Each Availability Zone is physically separate from other Availability Zones and has redundant power,
networking, and ...

Connectivity

17. Data transfer between services within the same ... comes with no charge (with some exceptions)

AWS region

18. Edge locations, and Regional edge caches improve performance by ... content closer to users.

Caching

19. Availability Zones consist of discrete data centers

Select one:
True

20. AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is appropriate for OS and application authentication.

Select one:

False

21. Your teammate has deployed a new S3 bucket and EC2 instance with an agent installed. The agent is
supposed to pull its config file from the new S3 bucket. What factor can prevent the agent from
downloading the file?

EC2 does not have proper IAM role assigned

22. What are these?

Region availability zones

23. Your boss asked you quickly host a website in AWS cloud. The website is supposed to serve static
images and must be fault-tolerant by design. Please choose a right way of doing it.

Use AWS S3 to host the website

24. A VPC peering connection is a networking connection between two VPCs that enables you to route
traffic between them privately. Suppose that you have three VPCs: A, B, and C. VPC A is connected to
VPC B, and VPC A is connected to VPC C. Would it be possible to route traffic from VPC B to VPC C?

No

25. What is NOT true about VPCs and subnets:

VPC can belong to multiple AWS Regions

26. You need to allow resources in a private subnet to access the internet. Which of the following must
be present to enable this access?

NAT Gateway

27. What service enables you to customize the network configuration for your VPC?

Amazon VPC

28. What does the term “elasticity” in cloud computing refer to?

ability to scale up

29. Why do we use tagging for Amazon EC2 instances?

To attach metadata

30. What you should NOT consider when selecting a region for AWS services?

Availability of reservation options

31. Which operation doesn’t generate cost in AWS S3? (Choose two)

Data transfer in from Internet

Data transfer from S3 to any AWS service within the same AWS Region

32. Your AWS EC2 instance has an Amazon EC2 Instance store (ephemeral) root volume type for the
operating system. What will happen if the instance is stopped and then started again?

Both the OS and any data store on this volume wouldn't survive rebooting

33. How would a system administrator add an additional layer of login security to a user's AWS
Management Console?

Enable multi-factor authentication

34. What is NOT true about Amazon S3?

You have to manually manage the storage behind your bucket while your data grows

35. What is this?

NAT gateway

36. An EC2 instance is not able to access the internet. The instance is launched in a public subnet, the
VPC has an internet gateway attached, and the public subnet’s route table, security groups and ACLs are
all configured properly. What could be the cause of this issue?

The instance does not have a public or Elastic IP address assigned/attached

37. Which AWS service helps you monitor your AWS resources and the applications that you run on AWS
in real-time?

AWS CloudWatch

38. When querying a table, what is the main condition that must be specified?

KeyConditionExpression

39. You are managing a mission-critical application that needs to be highly available. Any downtime
would result in significant revenue loss. To ensure database reliability, you want to implement a solution
that automatically provides a backup database in case of a failure or an Availability Zone disruption.
Which feature of Amazon RDS would best meet your requirements?

Configure your database instance for Multi-AZ deployment for automatic failover

40. Your company is planning to implement a data warehouse to handle vast amounts of structured data
and run complex analytical queries. However, you're concerned about the time and cost involved in
building a traditional data warehouse. You need a solution that is fast, scalable, and cost-effective.

Which service should you consider and why?

Amazon Redshift because it is a fully managed, cost-effective data warehouse with fast query
performance

41. A Solutions Architect is developing a document-sharing application and needs a storage layer. The
storage should provide automatic support for versioning so that users can easily roll back to a previous
version or recover a deleted account.

Which AWS service will meet the above requirements?

Amazon S3

42. You are managing a DynamoDB table with millions of entries, and your application needs to
frequently retrieve items based on a specific attribute that is not the primary key. The retrieval process
must be as efficient as possible to minimize latency.

Which method should you use to retrieve the data, and why?

Use the scan operation because it allows you to locate items by non-key attributes, but accept that it is
less efficient

43. Relational DB

44. ... is an allocation of storage for a table in DynamoDB.

A partition

45. DynamoDB stores data in ... . A/an ... is an allocation of storage for a table. It’s backed by solid state
drives (SSDs) and is automatically replicated across multiple Availability Zones within an AWS Region
Partitions

Partition

46. Amazon S3 objects are only accessible from the region they were created in

Select one:

False

47. Say that you have an application that you bring online Monday at noon. The application is said to be
available. It functions normally until it fails Friday at noon. Therefore, the time to failure (or the length of
time the application is available) is 96 hours. You spend from Friday at noon until Monday at noon
diagnosing why the application failed and repairing it, at which point you bring the application back
online. Therefore, the time to repair is 72 hours.

Then, it happens again: the application fails on Friday at noon, you spend from Friday at noon until
Monday at noon repairing it, and you bring it online on Monday at noon. Say this failure-repair-restore
cycle happens every week.

You can now calculate the average of these numbers. In this example, your mean time to failure (MTTF)
is 96 hours, and your mean time to repair (MTTR) is 72 hours. What will be your mean time between
failures (MTBF)?

168

48. You need to have a Data storage layer in AWS. Following are the key requirements:

a) Storage of JSON documents

b) Availability of Indexes

c) Automatic scaling

Which of the following would be an ideal storage layer for the above requirements?

Amazon DynamoDB

49. Which of the following is NOT a component of DynamoDB?

Value

50. Your team is planning routine maintenance on the primary database instance in Amazon RDS.
However, you want to ensure that the application stays available during this process, with minimal
impact on users.

What feature of Amazon RDS would help maintain availability during the maintenance window?
Enable Multi-AZ deployment so that the standby copy takes over during maintenance

51. What are the 3 basic components of DynamoDB?

Table, items, attributes

52. Which of the following is NOT a pillar of the AWS Well-Architected Framework?

Persistence

53. Why would you use secondary indexes in DynamoDB?

Use to query data based on non-primary-key attributes

54. Your organization is running a microservices architecture, and you want to ensure efficient routing of
traffic to different services. You need to route traffic based on the URL path to different target groups,
such as one group for API requests and another for front-end services.

Which type of load balancer configuration would best suit your needs?

Use an Application Load Balancer and register the services in separate target groups

55. You are managing a set of EC2 instances running a web application. Recently, you noticed a spike in
CPU utilization during certain hours of the day, causing performance issues. You want to receive
notifications whenever CPU utilization exceeds 80% and automatically scale the instances to handle the
increased load.

How can you achieve this?

Use Amazon CloudWatch to create an alarm on CPU utilization and configure it to send a notification to
an Amazon SNS topic and trigger Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling

56. The durability of Amazon S3 bucket (Standard, IA) is ... ?

99.999999999

57. Amazon API Gateway is a fully managed, serverless service that developers can use to easily create,
publish, maintain, monitor, and secure APIs at any scale.

True

58. What are the three types of load balancers that Elastic Load Balancing offers?

Application Load Balancer

Classic Load Balancer

Network Load Balancer

59. A Solutions Architect is developing a document-sharing application and needs a storage layer. The
storage should provide automatic support for versioning so that users can easily roll back to a previous
version or recover a deleted account.

Which AWS service will meet the above requirements?

Amazon S3

60. A reason NOT to use Amazon RDS

Massive read/write rates (for example, 150,000 write/second)

61. What is the main difference between SQL and NoSQL databases in terms of scalability?

SQL scales vertically and NoSQL scales horizontally

62. Amazon EFS stores data as objects within resources that are called buckets.

Select one:

False

63. Which is NOT true about Amazon DynamoDB?

Has certain limits on table size or throughput.

64. Which of the following is a principle when designing cloud-based systems?

Assume everything will fail

65. Which type of storage service Amazon S3 is?

Object

66. Your company is running a large e-commerce application, and you need to configure the database for
optimal performance. You expect a lot of read-and-write operations, and you want to ensure that you
choose the right database instance class and storage type to balance performance and cost.

How would you approach this?

Select a database instance class and storage type that aligns with the performance characteristics
needed for high read/write operations, such as provisioned IOPS SSD

67. You must complete five steps to create and use your first Amazon EFS file system, mount it on an
Amazon EC2 instance in your VPC, and test the end-to-end setup:
68. You are managing a web application that is hosted on multiple EC2 instances across different
Availability Zones. Recently, some users reported slow response times, and upon investigation, you
discovered that one of the EC2 instances was experiencing high CPU utilization.

As a result, you want to ensure that your load balancer automatically stops routing traffic to unhealthy
instances in the future. What should you do to resolve this issue?

Configure health checks for your load balancer to monitor the health of registered EC2 instances

69. Your application experiences predictable traffic surges every morning when users log in to the
system. You want to ensure that the necessary EC2 instances are launched before the traffic spike occurs
to avoid performance degradation.

What’s the best approach?

Use predictive scaling to forecast traffic patterns and add EC2 instances ahead of the demand

70. Your application relies heavily on an Amazon SQS queue to process tasks, but sometimes the queue
length grows unexpectedly, causing delays in processing. You want to automate a response when the
queue length exceeds a certain threshold, such as launching additional EC2 instances to help process the
tasks.
How can you set this up?

Use Amazon CloudWatch to create an alarm on SQS queue length and configure it to trigger an Amazon
EC2 Auto Scaling action

71. AWS Cloud9 is an integrated development environment that can be run in a web browser.
Select one:
True
72. You are developing a new mobile application which is expected to be used by thousands of
customers. You are considering storing user preferences in AWS, and need a data store to save the same.
Each data item is expected to be 20KB in size. The solution needs to be cost-effective, highly available,
scalable and secure.
How would you design the data layer?
Create a DynamoDB table with the required Read and Write capacity and use it as the data layer.
73. What you are responsible for when using Amazon RDS?
Application optimization
74. A mobile application hosted on AWS needs to access a Data Store in AWS. With each item measuring
around 10KB in size, the latency of data access must remain consistent despite very high application
traffic.
Which of the following would be an ideal Data Store for the application?
Amazon DynamoDB
75. Your DynamoDB table is partitioned by the primary key, and you frequently need to retrieve items
based on the partition key to ensure fast performance.
What is the most efficient way to retrieve data under these circumstances?
Use the query operation to locate items by the primary key, leveraging partitioning for fast performance
76. Subnets belong to a single Availability Zone.
Select one:
True
77. Which of the following is the responsibility of AWS under the AWS shared responsibility model?
Maintaining physical hardware
78. By default, ... are granted to any identity (user, user group, role).
no permissions
79. VPC is a range of IP addresses that divide a subnet.
False
80. What do you need to send data from a computer using one IP range to a computer using another IP
range?
router
81. Private cloud service model provides you most control over IT infrastructure among other cloud
service models
True
82. What is the main difference between HDD and SSD?
HDD uses mechanical platters and a moving head to access data, while SSD uses flash memory
83. Which component of the AWS Global Infrastructure does Amazon CloudFront use to ensure low-
latency delivery?
AWS edge locations
84. Name Amazon DynamoDB API operations
Table operations : create and manage DynamoDB tables
Data operations : Create, read, update, and delete actions on data in a table
Batch operations : Get and write batches of items in a DynamoDB table
Transaction operations : Make coordinated, all-or-nothing changes to multiple items both within and
across tables
85. Which service will you recommend for storing archived content?
Amazon Glacier
86. An application allows a manufacturing site to upload files. Each uploaded 3 GB file is processed to
extract metadata, and this process takes a few seconds per file. The frequency at which the uploads
happen is unpredictable. For instance, there may be no updates for hours, followed by several files being
uploaded concurrently.

What architecture addresses this workload in the most cost-efficient manner?

Store the file in an S3 bucket. Use Amazon S3 event notification to invoke a Lambda function for file
processing
87. Amazon S3 has many use cases. You can use Amazon S3 for content storage and distribution, backup
and restore, archiving, data lakes, big data analytics, disaster recovery (DR), and static website hosting.
Which of the following is NOT a use case of Amazon S3?
Data warehouses
88. AWS Auto Scaling is the same service with Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling
False
89. Which of the following AWS tools help your application scale up or down based on demand?
(Multiple choice)
Elastic Load Balancing
Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling
90. What is virtualization? (multiple choice)
Virtualization uses software to create an abstraction layer over computer hardware that allows the
hardware elements of multiple computer--processors, memory, storage and more--to be united into a
single virtual computer
It allows you to use a physical machine's full capacity by distributing its capabilities among many users or
environments.
Virtualization is technology that lets you create useful IT services using resources that are traditionally
not bound to hardware
91. ... means the infrastructure has built-in component redundancy and ... means that resources
dynamically adjust to increases or decreases in capacity requirements
Fault tolerant
Elastic and scalable
92. AWS highly recommends provisioning your compute resources across ... Availability Zones
multiple
93. Enterprises can physically ship their data to some public cloud providers to upload that data into the
cloud.
True
94. Name Platform as a Service (PaaS) cloud service model example
Azure WebApps
95. If a computer in a network wants to send data to another computer, it's just going to send it to the ...
and the ... forwards it to the destination computer.
switch (ГПТ)
switch (ГПТ)
96. AWS services:
AWS Storage services: Amazon S3
AWS Compute services: Amazon ECS
AWS Database services: Amazon Redshift
AWS Networking and Content Delivery services: Amazon VPC
97. Amazon Redshift uses row-based storage and single-threaded data processing to ensure fast
performance for complex analytic queries on large datasets.
False
98. It is a good practice to store AWS credentials in code or in publicly accesible places
False
99. A reason to use Amazon RDS
A medium to high query or write rate – Up to 30,000 IOPS (15,000 reads + 15,000 writes)