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Python Built in Functions

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Python Built in Functions

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Uploaded by

moise7cimanuka
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Python Built-in Functions

Python has numerous built-in functions that are always available for use.

These functions perform a wide range of tasks, such as type conversion,

mathematical operations, and input/output handling.

1. Input and Output

- print(): Prints output to the console.

- input(): Reads input from the user.

2. Type Conversion

- int(): Converts to an integer.

- float(): Converts to a float.

- str(): Converts to a string.

- bool(): Converts to a boolean.

- list(): Converts to a list.

- tuple(): Converts to a tuple.

- set(): Converts to a set.

- dict(): Converts to a dictionary.

3. Mathematical Operations

- abs(): Returns the absolute value.

- pow(): Returns the result of a number raised to a power.

- round(): Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.

- min(): Returns the smallest of the input values.

- max(): Returns the largest of the input values.


- sum(): Returns the sum of a list or iterable.

4. Iterables and Sequences

- len(): Returns the length of an iterable.

- sorted(): Returns a sorted list of an iterable.

- reversed(): Returns a reversed iterator.

- enumerate(): Returns an enumerated object.

- zip(): Combines iterables element-wise into tuples.

5. String Operations

- format(): Formats a string.

- chr(): Converts an integer to a character.

- ord(): Converts a character to its Unicode integer.

6. Functional Programming

- map(): Applies a function to all items in an iterable.

- filter(): Filters elements of an iterable based on a function.

- reduce(): Performs cumulative computation (requires functools).

- lambda: Used to create small anonymous functions.

7. File Handling

- open(): Opens a file for reading or writing.

8. Object and Type Inspection

- type(): Returns the type of an object.

- id(): Returns the unique ID of an object.

- isinstance(): Checks if an object is an instance of a class or type.


- dir(): Returns a list of valid attributes for an object.

- help(): Displays help information for an object.

9. Miscellaneous

- range(): Returns a sequence of numbers.

- eval(): Evaluates a string as Python code.

- exec(): Executes Python code dynamically.

- hash(): Returns the hash value of an object.

- any(): Returns True if any element in an iterable is true.

- all(): Returns True if all elements in an iterable are true.

Example Usage:

```

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# Get the sum of the list

print("Sum:", sum(numbers))

# Check the type of a variable

print("Type:", type(numbers))

# Use map to double the numbers

doubled = list(map(lambda x: x * 2, numbers))

print("Doubled:", doubled)

# Get the length of the list

print("Length:", len(numbers))
```

Python's built-in functions are powerful and efficient. You can find the complete list in the official

Python documentation (https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html).

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