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Physics Project (

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PRIYAN GOSRANI
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18 views4 pages

Physics Project (

Uploaded by

PRIYAN GOSRANI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHYSICS PROJECT: THERMAL

ENERGY TRANSFER

WHAT IS THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFER?


Thermal energy transfer is the process where heat moves from
a warmer area to a cooler one.

TYPES OF THERMAL ENERGY TRANSFER:


1. CONVECTION: Heat transfer through fluid movement,
where warmer, less dense fluid rises and cooler, denser
fluid sinks, creating a convection current.
2. RADIATION: Transfer of energy via electromagnetic
waves or particles, not requiring a medium.
3. CONDUCTION: Heat transfer within a material through
direct contact between particles, without movement of the
material itself.

CONDUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS:


• CONDUCTORS: Materials that easily allow heat to pass

through, such as copper, aluminum, silver, and gold. They


have free electrons, densely packed atomic structures,
and high thermal conductivity.
• INSULATORS: Materials that resist heat flow, including
rubber, wood, plastic, cotton, and bubble wrap. These
materials have trapped air, low density, low thermal
conductivity, are non-metallic, and have high specific heat
capacity.
EXPERIMENT: WHICH INSULATING MATERIAL
RETAINS HEAT BEST?
METHODOLOGY:
• MATERIALS:

- Cotton
- Bubble wrap
- aluminium foil
- 3 plastic containers
- hot water
- stopwatch
- thermometer.
• PROCEDURE:
1. Wrap each container in a different insulating material
and label them.
2. Pour 100 ml of hot water into each container.
3. Record the initial temperature.
4. Start the stopwatch, cover the containers, and wait
for 5 minutes.
5. Measure and record water temperatures after 5, 10,
15, 20, and 30 minutes.

HYPOTHESIS:
Cotton will retain the most heat compared to the other
materials.
RESULTS
Time in minutes Temperature in °C Insulating materials
86 Cotton
87 Bubble wrap
Initial 85 Aluminum foil
72 Cotton
67 Bubble wrap
5 66 Aluminum foil
68 Cotton
63 Bubble wrap
10 56 Aluminum foil
64 Cotton
53 Bubble wrap
15 52 Aluminum foil
61 Cotton
55 Bubble wrap
20 52 Aluminum foil

AVERAGE TEMPERATURE DROP:


• Cotton: 25°C
• Bubble Wrap: 32°C
• Aluminum Foil: 33°C
ANALYSIS:
Cotton exhibited the smallest temperature change, making it
the best insulator due to the air trapped within its fibres.

CONCLUSION:
Cotton proved to be the most effective insulating material,
outperforming both bubble wrap and aluminium foil in retaining
heat.

DONE BY: Priyan Gosrani

YEAR: 9.1

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