Differential Equations 2 - Take Home Problems

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DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 2 | TAKE HOME PROBLEMS

1. A resistance and inductance are connected in series in circuit B. 186.50 kg D. 234.28 kg


containing impressive voltage of 200 V. The differential equation 16. An inductance of 2 Henries and a resistance of 20 ohms are
of E = Ri + Ldi/dt. Find the current when t = 0.02 second if R = 20 connected in series with an emf of 100 sin 150 t volts. Find the
ohms and L = 1 henry. current at the end of 0.01 second.
A. 0.951 A C. 0.452 A A. 0.30 A C. 0.48 A
B. 3.3 A D. 2.4 A B. 0.89 A D. 0.24 A
2. Solve (𝑥2 + 𝑦2) 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0. 17. What is the order of the differential equation of all parabolas
A. 𝑥2 − 𝑦2 = 𝐶𝑥 C. 𝑥 − 𝑦2 = 𝐶𝑥 having directrix parallel to the x-axis?
2
B. 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑥 D. 𝑦𝑥2 = 𝐶𝑥 A. 1 C. 3
3. At 9 a.m., a thermometer reading 70°F is taken outside where the B. 2 D. 4
temperature is 15°F. At 9:05 a.m., the thermometer reading is at 18. Solve for the general solution of the differential equation:(𝐷 +
45°F. At 9:10 a.m., the thermometer is taken back indoors where 100)𝑦 = 0
the temperature is fixed at 70°F, find the reading at 9:20 a.m. A. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒−100𝑥 C. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒100𝑥
A. 58.5°F C. 55°F B. 100𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝐶 D. 100𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝐶
B. 50°F D. 59°F 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
19. What type of differential equation is + 𝑥 ( ) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 +
4. Which of the following equations is correct? 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

A. All exact equations are separable equations 𝑥 2 = 0?


B. All separable equations are exact equations A. Linear C. DE whose order is 2
C. All linear differential equations are homogenous equations B. DE whose degree is 2 D. Homogenous
D. All homogenous equations are linear differential equations 20. The rate at which a chemical substance decomposes is
5. Solve (𝐷2 + 3𝐷 + 2) 𝑦 = 1 + 3𝑥 + 𝑥2 proportional to the amount of the substance still unchanged.
1 What is the proportionality constant if the amount of the
A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑥 2
2 substance changes from 1000 grams to 500 grams in 2 hours?
1
B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −𝑥 − 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑥 3 A. -0.897 C. -0.347
2
C. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 B. -0.378 D. -0.987
D. 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒 21. Determine the orthogonal trajectories of the one- parameter
6. What is the solution to the following differential equation 𝑦′ + 7𝑦 family of lines 𝑦 − 𝐶𝑥 = 0.
= 0? A. 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 𝐶 C. 𝑥3 − 𝑦 = 𝐶
A. 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 𝐶 C. C. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒7𝑥 B. 𝑥2 + 𝑦3 = 𝐶 D. 𝑥3 − 𝑦3 = 𝐶
B. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒−7𝑥 D. either (A) and (B) 22. Calculate the time in hours that will take to reach the fatal
7. It is a differential equation in the form 𝑦′ + 𝑃(𝑥)𝑦 = 𝑄(𝑥)𝑦𝑛 concentration of 40% methane in a kitchen measuring 15 ft x
A. Riccati’s equation C. Bradner’s equation 12.5 ft x 8 ft from a leaking stove. The rate of leak is 15 cu. ft. of
B. Bernoulli’s equation D. Mackay’s equation 100% methane per hour. Assume no fresh air is coming in. The
8. It is known that y(x) passes through the points (0, 2) and (1, 4). gas rate is measure at the condition prevailing in the kitchen.
𝑑 2𝑦 A. 45 hours C. 35 hours
Solve for y(x) if the second derivative is: =1
𝑑𝑥 2 B. 40 hours D. 37 hours
1
A. 𝑦= 𝑥2 + 3𝑥 + 2 C. 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 − 3𝑥) − 2 23. Solve (𝐷2 − 2𝐷 + 5)2𝑦 = 0
2
1 1
B. 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 3𝑥) + 2 D. 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 3𝑥) − 2 A. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2𝑥)𝑒𝑥 cos 2𝑥 + (𝐶3 + 𝐶4𝑥)𝑒𝑥 sin 2𝑥
2 2
9. 2
The equation 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑥 is the general solution of: B. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶3𝑥)𝑒−𝑥 cos 2𝑥 + (𝐶2 + 𝐶4𝑥)𝑒𝑥 sin 2𝑥
2𝑦 𝑦 C. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶3𝑥)𝑒𝑥 cos 2𝑥 + (𝐶2 + 𝐶4𝑥)𝑒𝑥 sin 3𝑥
A. 𝑦 ′ = C. 𝑦 ′ =
𝑥
2𝑥
2𝑥
𝑥
D. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶3𝑥)𝑒𝑥 cos 3𝑥 + (𝐶2 + 𝐶4𝑥)𝑒𝑥 sin 2𝑥
B. 𝑦′ = D. 𝑦 ′ = 24. A ship weighing 30, 000 metric tons starts from rest. Assuming
𝑦 2𝑦
10. A tank contains initially 2500 liters of 50% salt solution. Water that the resistance in kg to the motion is 1500 V, where V is the
enters the tank at the rate of 25 liters per minute and solution speed in m/s, and the thrust on the ship by any time is 15000 kg,
flows out at the rate of 50 liters per minute. Find the percentage determine the limiting speed of the ship.
𝑚 𝑚
of salt after 20 minutes. A. 10 C. 12
𝑠 𝑠
A. 30% C. 45% 𝑚 𝑚
B. 20 D. 15
𝑠 𝑠
B. 40% D. 36%
𝑑2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
25. If a culture of particular type of yeast, the amount active ferment
11. What is the general solution 2 + + 2𝑦 = 0 doubles in 3 hours, how much active ferment in 15 hours?
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 cos 𝑥 − 𝐶2 cos 𝑥 C. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 cos 𝑥 + 𝐶2 sin 𝑥 A. 32 C. 45
B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 cos 𝑥 − 𝐶2 sin 𝑥 D. 𝑦 = 𝑒−𝑥 (𝐶1 cos 𝑥 − 𝐶2 sin 𝑥) B. 101.82 D. 107.5
12. If a resistance of 2000 ohms and a capacitance of 5 x 10-6 farad 26. A radioactive element changes at a rate to the amount at any
are connected in series with an emf of 100 volts, what is the instant. How many grams of the element will be left in 300 years,
current at t = 0.1 second if i (0) = 0.001 ampere? if 100 grams was set aside 50 years ago and at present is only 90
A. 0.0005 A C. 0.0098 A grams?
B. 0.0054 A D. 0.000054 A A. 48 grams C. 23 grams
13. The rate of population growth of a country is proportional to the B. 50 grams D. 57 grams
number of inhabitants. If the population of a certain country now 27. Solve (𝐷2 − 2𝐷 + 5)𝑦 = 0
is 40 million and expected to double in 25 years, in how many A. 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥(𝐶1 cos 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 sin 2𝑥)
years will the population be 3 times the present? B. 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥(𝐶1 cos 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 sin 2𝑥)
A. 36.62 years C. 39.62 years C. 𝑦 = 𝑒−𝑥(𝐶1 cos 3𝑥 + 𝐶2 sin 3𝑥)
B. 28.62 years D. 42.35 years D. 𝑦 = 𝑒−𝑥(𝐶1 cos 3𝑥 + 𝐶2 sin 3𝑥)
14. Solve (𝐷2 + 5𝐷 + 4)(2𝐷2 + 5𝐷 + 2)𝑦 = 0 28. What is the solution for y of the given differential equation? 𝑦 ′′ −
A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑒 −
𝑥
2
4𝑦 ′ − 12𝑦 = 0

𝑥 A. 𝐴𝑒 6𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 C. 𝐴𝑒 −6𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 2𝑥
B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑒 2 6𝑥
B. 𝐴𝑒 + 𝐵𝑒 2𝑥 D. 𝐴𝑒 −6𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑥
C. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑒 −2 29. The equation 𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 is a homogeneous
𝑥
D. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑒 −2 differential equation if M and N homogeneous functions of the
15. A tank contains 200 liters of fresh water. Brine containing 2 same degree. To solve this equation, use the substitution.
kg/liter of salt enters the tank at the rate of 4 liters per minute A. 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 C. 𝑧 = 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦
and the mixture kept uniform by stirring, runs out at 3 liters per B. 𝑥 = 𝑢 + ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑣 + 𝑘 D. 𝑥 = 𝑢 − ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑢 − 𝑘
minute. Find the amount of salt in the tank after 30 minutes.
A. 196.99 kg C. 312.69 kg
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 2 | TAKE HOME PROBLEMS
30. What is the first derivative of the given function 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + 𝑦 cos 𝑥 A. (1, 3/e) C. (0, 0)
−1=0 B. (1, e) D. (1, 1/e)
𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑦 44. A 10-ohm resistance R and a 1.0 henry inductance L are
A. 𝑦 ′ = C. 𝑦 ′ =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥−𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦
𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 connected in series. An AC voltage 𝑒(𝑡) = 100 sin 377𝑡 is applied
B. 𝑦′ = D. 𝑦 ′ = across the series circuit. The applicable differential equation is:
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥−𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
31. What is the differential equation of all straight lines? 𝑑𝑖
𝑅𝑖 + 𝐿 ( ) = 𝑒(𝑡)
A. 𝑦 ′ = 0 C. 𝑦 ′ = 1 𝑑𝑡
′′
B. 𝑦 = 0 D. 𝑦 ′ = 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑦 Solve for the particular solution (without the complimentary
32. A resistance and inductance are connected in series in circuit solution) to the differential equation, and determine the
containing impressive voltage of 100 V. The differential equation amplitude of the resulting sinusoidal current i (t).
of E = Ri + Ldi/dt. Find the current when t = 0.02 second if R = 10 A. 0.321 ampere C. 0.292 ampere
ohms and L = 2 henry. B. 0.241 ampere D. 0.265 ampere
A. 0.951 A C. 0.453 A 45. What is the differential equation of 𝑥2𝑦 = 4 + 𝐶𝑦.
B. 0.452 A D. 0.923 A A. 2𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦′ = 0 C. 2𝑦′ + 𝑥𝑦2 = 0
33. A bacterial population is known to have a rate of growth ′
B. 2𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦" = 0 D. 3𝑦′ + 4𝑦" = 0
proportional to itself. If between noon and 2 p.m., the population 46. A certain radioactive element dissipates at a rate proportional to
triples, at what time, no controls being exerted, should the its amount instantaneously present. If one- half of any given
population become 100 times as what it was at noon? amount of the element dissipates in 1,600 years, what fraction
A. 8: 23 𝑃𝑀 C. 9: 53 𝑃𝑀 will dissipate during the secondary century?
B. 9: 35 𝑃𝑀 D. 10: 37 𝑃𝑀 A. 8.3% C. 3.8%
34. The rate of population growth of a country is proportional to the B. 5.6% D. 9.2%
number of inhabitants. If the population of a certain country is 47. Radium decomposes at a rate proportional to the amount at any
now 40 million and 50 million in 10 years’ time, what will be its instant. In 100 years, 100 mg of radium decomposes to 96 mg. In
population 20 years from now? how many years after that radium is 92.16 mg?
A. 62.5 million C. 45.45 million A. 200 C. 150
B. 54.3 million D. 35.35 million B. 120 D. 300
35. The oscillation exhibit by a machine in a certain factory is certain 48. A tank contains 100 gallons of brine made by dissolving 60 lb salt
in free motion is given by the following differential equation. 𝑥" in water. Salt water one pound of salt per gallon runs in at the
+ 2𝑥′ + 2𝑥 = 0 , 𝑥(0) = 0 , 𝑥′(0) = 1. What is the function of time? rate of 2 gallons per minute. A well stirred mixture runs out at
A. 𝑒 −2𝑡 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡)𝐶 C. 𝑒 −𝑡 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡) the rate of 3 gallons per minute. Find the amount of salt in the
B. 𝑒 𝑡 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡) D. 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 + 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 tank at the end of one hour.
36. A motorboat and its load weigh 2150 N. Assuming that the A. 37.44 lbs C. 24.5 lbs
propeller force is constant and equal to 110 Newtons and water B. 34.45 lbs D. 23.45 lbs
resistance is equal numerically to 6.7 V Newton where V is the 49. A spherical tank whose inner diameter is 2 meters is filled with
velocity at any instant in m/s, and the boat starts from rest, water. If the tank has a hole 1 cm in diameter at the bottom,
determine the speed and the distance travelled at the end of 10 when will the tank be half empty given the equation of the rate
𝑑𝑉
seconds. = −0.6𝑆√2𝑔ℎ, where: S is the water surface area inside the
𝑑𝑡
A. 22.72 m C. 32.45 m tank at any time t and h deep.
B. 14.56 m D. 24.57 m A. 144 𝑚𝑖𝑛 C. 200 𝑚𝑖𝑛
37. Find the velocity of escape of the Apollo spaceship as it is B. 378 𝑚𝑖𝑛 D. 157 𝑚𝑖𝑛
projected from earth surface, that is the minimum velocity 50. In a tank are 100 liters of brine containing 50 kg total of dissolved
imparted to it so that it will never return. The radius of the earth salt. Pure water is allowed to run into the tank at the rate of 3
is 4000 miles and the acceleration of the spaceship is 32.2ft/s2. liters per minute. Brine runs out of the tank at the rate of 2 liters
A. 36879.91 C. 45382.45 a minute. The instantaneous concentration in the tank is kept
B. 45255.23 D. 31345.51 uniform by stirring. How much salt is in the tank at the end of
38. A spherical tank whose inner diameter is 2 meters is filled with one hour?
water. If the tank has a hole 1 cm in diameter at the bottom, A. 18.35 kg C. 15.39 kg
when will the tank be half empty given the equation of the rate B. 19.53 kg D. 13.95 kg
𝑑𝑉
= −0.6𝑆√2𝑔ℎ, where: S is the water surface area inside the 51. Solve (𝑐𝑜𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑡
tank at any time t and h deep. A. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 = ln(𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) C. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 = − ln(𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
A. 144 min C. 200 min B. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 = ln(𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) D. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 = − ln(𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)
B. 378 min D. 157 min 52. An object falls from rest in a medium offering a resistance. The
39. A body having a temperature of 100 deg. C was placed in a rom velocity of the object before it reaches the ground is given by
𝑑𝑉 𝑉
whose temperature is 0 deg. C. At the end of 1 minute, the + = 32. What is the velocity of the object 1 second after it
𝑑𝑡 10
temperature was reduced to 50 deg. C. What is the temperature falls?
of the body after 3 minutes? A. 40.54 C. 30.45
A. 12.5°𝐶 C. 10.35°𝐶 B. 28.75 D. 36.78
B. 10.5°𝐶 D. 11.45°𝐶 53. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 C. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
40. What degree is the differential equation −√ −3=𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 D. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥
A. ½ C. 2 54. Solve 𝑥𝑦 ′ (2𝑦 − 1) = 𝑦(1 − 𝑥)
B. 3/2 D. 1 A. ln(𝑥𝑦) = 2(𝑥 − 𝑦) + 𝐶 C. ln(𝑥𝑦) = 2𝑦 − 𝑥 + 𝐶
41. A new pump has a capacity of 60 cu. m/day. If its capacity goes B. ln(𝑥𝑦) = 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝐶 D. 𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝐶
down by 15% every year, in how many years will the capacity be 55. Find the general solution of 𝑦 ′ = 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥
down to 20 cu. m/day? A. 𝑦 = 𝐶(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥) C. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
A. 7. 33 years C. 3.45 years B. 𝑦 = 𝐶(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥) D. 𝑦 = 𝐶(sec 2 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥)
B. 8.45 years D. 10.45 years 56. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
42. The substance decomposed at a rate proportional to the amount 𝑑2𝑦 4𝑑𝑦
2
present. What is the half life of the substance if 10% decomposes ( − + 5𝑦) = 0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
in 100 years? A. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 2𝑥 (𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
A. 568 years C. 658 years B. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 −4𝑥 (𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
1
B. 465 years D. 586 years C. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 4𝑥 (𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
43. What is the critical point of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 D. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 5𝑥 (𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 2 | TAKE HOME PROBLEMS
57. Determine the order and degree of the differential equation resistance is equal numerically to 6.7 V Newton where V is the
𝑑4𝑦 2( ) 𝑑𝑦 3 velocity at any instant in m/s, and the boat starts from rest,
2𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 determine the speed and the distance travelled at the end of 10
A. Fourth order, First degree C. First order, fourth degree seconds.
B. Third order, First degree D. First order, third degree A. 22.72 m C. 32.45 m
58. A tank initially holds 100 gallons of salt solution in which 50 lbs B. 14.56 m D. 24.57 m
of salt has been dissolved. A pipe fills the tank with brine at the 71. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
rate of 3gpm, containing 2 lbs of dissolved salt per gallon. (𝐷2 − 4𝐷 + 4)𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑥
Assuming that the mixture is kept uniform by stirring, a drain pipe A. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥
draws out of the tank the mixture at 2 gpm. Find the amount of B. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 2𝑥
salt in the tank at the end of 30 minutes. C. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑒 3𝑥
A. 171.24 lbs C. 143.25 lbs D. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥
B. 124.11 lbs D. 105.12 lbs 72. Radium decomposes at a rate proportional to the amount
59. A certain radioactive substance has a half-life of 38 hour. Find present. If half of the original amount disappears after 1000
how long it takes 90% of the radioactivity to be dissipated. years, what is the percentage lost in 100 years?
A. 145.7 hours C. 126.5 hours A. 6.70% C. 5.36%
B. 135.7 hours D. 130.7 hours B. 4.50% D. 4.30%
60. According to Newton’s law of cooling, the rate at which a 73. Solve 𝐷2 (𝐷2 + 2𝐷 + 1)3 (𝐷2 + 3𝐷 + 2)𝑦 = 0
substance cools in air is directly proportional to the difference A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶5 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶6 𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥 +
between the temperature of the substance and that air. If the 𝐶7 𝑥 4 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶8 𝑥 5 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶9 𝑥 6 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶10 𝑒 −2𝑥
temperature of the air is 30° and the substance cools from 100° B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶5 𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑥 +
to 70° in 15 minutes, how long will it take to cool 100° to 50°? 𝐶6 𝑥 3 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶7 𝑥 4 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶8 𝑥 5 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶9 𝑥 6 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶10 𝑒 −2𝑥
A. 33.56 min C. 35.39 min C. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶5 𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶6 𝑥 3 𝑒 −𝑥 +
B. 43.50 min D. 45.30 min 𝐶7 𝑥 4 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶8 𝑥 5 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶9 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶10 𝑒 −2𝑥
61. A resistance of 1/5 ohms and inductance of 5 henrys are D. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶5 𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶6 𝑥 3 𝑒 −𝑥 +
connected in a series with given 59 volts. Determine the time in 𝐶7 𝑥 4 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶8 𝑥 5 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶9 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶10 𝑒 −2𝑥
seconds when I = 150 amperes. 74. The population in a certain city is 50,000 and is increasing at a
A. 1065.3 C. 18.82 rate numerically equal to the square root of the population.
B. 17.76 D. 12.55 What will be population 20 years hence?
𝑑𝐻 A. 54,572 C. 64,560
62. A cup of coffee placed on a table cools at a rate of =
𝑑𝑡
−0.05(𝐻 − 70) 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝐹𝑎ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑛ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑡 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒. If the coffee B. 33,202 D. 50,550
was at 120°𝐹 initially, what will its temperature be 75. Find the equation of the family of orthogonal trajectories of the
10 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟? system of parabolas 𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 + 𝐶
A. 95°𝐹 C. 118°𝐹 A. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 −𝑥 C. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 𝑥
B. 73°𝐹 D. 100°𝐹 B. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 2𝑥 D. 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
63. What is the general solution of the following differential equation 76. A thermometer reading 75°𝐹 is take out where the temperature
𝑑2𝑦 5𝑑𝑦 is 20°𝐹. The reading 4 minutes later is 30°𝐹. How many minutes
− + 6𝑦 = 0 will the thermometer reading be 22.78°𝐹 after it was brought
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
A. 𝐶1 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 2𝑥 C. 𝐶1 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 5𝑥 outside.
1 1
B. 𝐶1 𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −2𝑥 D. 𝐶1 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 2𝑥 A. 5 minutes C. 9 minutes
2
64. If 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑥; what is the equation of y in terms of x if the curve B. 7 minutes D. 15 minutes
passes through (1,1)? 77. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
𝑑2𝑦 5𝑑𝑦 2𝑑 2 𝑦 5𝑑𝑦
A. 𝑥 2 − 3𝑦 + 3 = 0 C. 𝑥 3 + 3𝑦 2 + 2 = 0 ( + + 4𝑦) ( + + 2𝑦) = 0
3 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
B. 𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 2 = 0 D. 2𝑦 + 𝑥 3 + 2 = 0 1
− 𝑥 −𝑥 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 A. 𝐶1 𝑒 2 + 𝐶2 𝑒 + 𝐶3 𝑒 + 𝐶4 𝑒 −4𝑥
65. Solve the linear equation: + = 𝑥 2 1
− 𝑥
𝑥3
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑥4
B. 𝐶1 𝑒 2 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −4𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑒 −5𝑥
A. 𝑥𝑦 2 = +𝐶 C. 𝑥 2 𝑦 = +𝐶 1
− 𝑥
1
− 𝑥
1
4 4 C. 𝐶1 𝑒 3 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −5𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 2 + 𝐶4 𝑒 −4𝑥
𝑥4 𝑥3 1 1 1 1
B. 𝑥𝑦 = + 𝐶 D. 𝑦 = + 𝐶 D. 𝐶1 𝑒 − 𝑥
+ 𝐶2 𝑒
2 + 𝐶3 𝑒 − 𝑥
+ 𝐶4 𝑒
4
− 𝑥
3
− 𝑥
5
4 4
66. Find the general solution of the following differential equation: 78. Which of the following equations is an exact DE?
(𝐷4 − 81)𝑦 = 27𝑥 3 A. (𝑥 2 + 1)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0 C. 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 + (2 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
1
A. 𝐶1 𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 − 𝑥 3 B. 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + (3𝑥 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑥 = 0 D. 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0
3
1
1 79. A nominal interest of 3% compounded continuously is given on
B. 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 − 𝑥 3 the account. What is the accumulated amount of P10,000 after
5
1
C. 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 − 𝑥 3 10 years? Solve using Differential equations.
3
D. 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 − 𝑥 3
1 A. 𝑃13,620.10 C. 𝑃13,650.20
4 B. 𝑃13,500.10 D. 𝑃13,498.60
67. Solve the differential equation 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 0, if the curve passes
80. What is the solution of the first order differential equation
through (1,0)? 𝑦(𝑘 + 1) = 𝑦(𝑘) + 5
A. 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 − 3 = 0 C. 𝑥 2 − 2𝑦 − 1 = 0 5
A. 𝑦(𝑘) = 4 −
B. 2𝑦 + 𝑥 2 − 1 = 0 D. 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 − 2 = 0 𝑘
68. If the nominal interest rate is 3%, how much is P5,000 worth in B. 𝑦(𝑘) = 20 + 5𝑘
10 years in a continuously compounded account. Solve using C. 𝑦(𝑘) = 𝐶 − 𝑘, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑛𝑎𝑡
Differential equations. D. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑛 − 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑦
A. 𝑃5,750 C. 𝑃7,500 81. For a spherical tank having radius of 200 ft which is full of water
B. 𝑃6,750 D. 𝑃6,350 and has an orifice of diameter 0.66 ft at the bottom of the tank.
69. For a spherical tank having radius of 155 ft which is full of water Initially, the orifice is opened and the water flows out. Find the
and has an orifice of diameter 0.24 ft at the bottom of the tank. time in seconds when the water is half of the tank.
Initially, the orifice is opened and the water flows out. Find the A. 42.36 sec C. 0.55 sec
time in minutes when the tank will be fully empty. B. 0.36 sec D. 21.35 sec
A. 45.55 C. 2.55 82. The equation 𝑦 2 = 𝑐𝑥 is the general solution of:
2𝑦 𝑦
B. 61.62 D. 7.08 A. 𝑦 ′ = C. 𝑦 ′ =
𝑥 2𝑥
70. A motorboat and its load weigh 2150 N. Assuming that the 2𝑥 𝑥
B. 𝑦′ = D. 𝑦 ′ =
𝑦 2𝑦
propeller force is constant and equal to 110 Newtons and water
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 2 | TAKE HOME PROBLEMS
2 95. A resistance and inductance are connected in series in circuit
83. An inductance of 2 henrys and resistance of 𝑅 = ohms area
𝑡+20
connected in series with an emf of E volts. If 𝐼 = 0 when 𝑡 = 0, containing impressive voltage of 100 V. The differential equation
determine E so that 𝐼 = 100 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠 when 𝑡 = 4 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠. of E = Ri + Ldi/dt. Find the current when t = 0.02 second if R = 10
A. 54.5 V C. 50.74 V ohms and L = 2 henry.
B. 27.2 V D. 25.7 V A. 0.951 A C. 0.453 A
84. What is the general solution of the following differential equation B. 0.452 A D. 0.923 A
2𝑑 2 𝑦 4𝑑𝑦 96. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
− + 4𝑦 = 0 𝑑 4𝑦 2𝑑 3 𝑦 𝑑2𝑦
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 − 3 + 2=0
A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝐶2 𝑒 −𝑥 A. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥) + (𝐶3 + 𝐶4 𝑥)𝑒 𝑥
C. 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥 (𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) B. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2 ) + (𝐶3 + 𝐶4 𝑥)𝑒 𝑥
D. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝐶1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) C. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2 )𝑒 𝑥 + (𝐶3 + 𝐶4 𝑥)𝑒 𝑥
85. A thermometer reading 18°𝐹 is bought into a room where the D. 𝑦 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑥)𝑒 𝑥 + (𝐶3 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐶4 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)
temperature is 70°𝐹, a minute later the thermometer reading is 97. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
31°𝐹. Determine the temperature reading 5 minutes after the 𝑦 ′′ − 8𝑦 ′ + 16𝑦 = 0
thermometer is first brought into the room. A. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 4𝑥 C. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 4𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 2𝑥
−4𝑥 −4𝑥
A. 57.67°𝐹 C. 58.67°𝐹 B. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 D. 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 4𝑥
B. 55.35°𝐹 D. 60.57°𝐹 98. Which of the following equations is a variable separable DE?
86. Consider a spherical tank of radius 100 cm which is full of water A. (𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = (2𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥
and has an orifice of radius 𝑟 = 5𝑐𝑚 at the bottom. At 𝑡 = 0 the B. (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
C. 2𝑦𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 2 + 1)𝑑𝑦
orifice is opened and the water flows out. Determine the time
D. 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥 − 3𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
when tank will be empty.
99. The rate of population growth of a country is proportional to the
A. 1.4 min C. 2.5 min
number of inhabitants. If a population of a country now is 40
B. 3.79 min D. 1.78 min
million and expected to double in 25 years, how many years will
87. A tank contains 200 liters of fresh water. Brine containing 2
the population be 3 times the present?
kg/liter of salt enters the tank at the rate of 4 liters per minute
A. 20.6 years C. 39.6 years
and the mixture kept uniform by stirring, runs out at 3 liters per
B. 54.2 years D. 50.42 years
minute. Find the amount of salt in the tank after 30 minutes.
100. In a tank are 100 liters of brine containing 50 kg total of dissolved
A. 196.99 kg C. 312.69 kg
salt. Pure water is allowed to run into the tank at the rate of 3
B. 186.50 kg D. 234.28 kg
liters per minute. Brine runs out of the tank at the rate of 2 liters
88. Find the general solution of the following differential equation:
𝑑2𝑦 4𝑑𝑦
a minute. The instantaneous concentration in the tank is kept
+ + 4𝑦 = 12 uniform by stirring. How much salt is in the tank at the end of
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
A. 𝑦 = 3 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥) C. 𝑦 = 4 + 3𝑒 2𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥 2 ) one hour?
2𝑥 2
B. 𝑦 = 3 + 𝑒 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥 ) D. 𝑦 = 3 + 2𝑒 3𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥) A. 19.53 kg C. 14.56 kg
89. The radius of the moon is 1080 miles. The gravitation B. 30.56 kg D. 15.67 kg
acceleration of the moon’s surface is 0.165 times the
gravitational acceleration at the earth’s surface. What is the
velocity escape from the moon in miles per second?
A. 1.47 C. 3.52
B. 2.38 D. 4.32
90. A digital thermometer bought in Divisoria is used for an activity
of grade 12 students. Initially, it is reading 75℉ and brought
outside where the temperature is 20 ℉. The reading 4 minutes
later is 30 ℉. Determine the temperature of the thermometer
after 9 minutes.
A. 21.187F C. 20.694F
B. 22.257F D. 21.055F
91. An object falls from rest in a medium offering a resistance. The
velocity of the object before the object reaches the ground is
𝑑𝑉 𝑉 𝑓𝑡
given by the differential equation + = 32 . What is the
𝑑𝑡 10 𝑠𝑒𝑐
velocity of the object one second after it falls?
A. 40.54 C. 30.45
B. 38.65 D. 34.12
92. What is the solution to the following differential equation if 𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑2𝑥 4𝑑𝑥
1 and 𝑡 = 0, and = 0 at 𝑡 = 0? + + 8𝑥 = 5
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
A. 𝑥 = 𝑒 −4𝑡 + 4𝑡𝑒 −4𝑡
3 5
B. 𝑥 = 𝑒 −2𝑡 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡) +
8 8
5
C. 𝑥 = 𝑒 −4𝑡 + 4𝑡𝑒 −4𝑡 +
8
3 3 5
D. 𝑥 = 𝑒 −4𝑡 + 𝑡𝑒 −4𝑡 +
8 2 8
93. A motorboat and its load weighs 980N. Assume that the
propeller force is constant and equal to 24N, the water resistance
is equal numerically to 1.5𝑉 where V is the speed at any instant
in m/s. If the boat starts from rest, determine the speed and the
distance travelled at the end of 10 seconds.
A. 10.45m C. 12.54m
B. 11.42m D. 16.50m
94. A resistance of 1/5 ohms and inductance of 5 henrys are
connected in a series with given 59 volts. Determine the current
at t = 22 seconds.
A. 155 C. 145
B. 173 D. 182

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