Jolts

For release 10:00 a.m.
(ET) Tuesday, October 29, 2024 USDL-24-2229

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • [email protected]
JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2024
The number of job openings was little changed at 7.4 million on the last business day of September, the
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires changed little at 5.6 million. The
number of total separations was unchanged at 5.2 million. Within separations, quits (3.1 million) and
layoffs and discharges (1.8 million) changed little. This release includes estimates of the number and
rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by
establishment size class.
Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,
September 2022 - September 2024 September 2022 - September 2024
Percent Percent
7.0 4.4
6.6 4.2
Hires Separations
6.2 4.0
5.8 3.8
5.4 3.6
5.0 3.4
4.6 3.2
4.2 3.0
Sep-22 Mar-23 Sep-23 Mar-24 Sep-24 Sep-22 Mar-23 Sep-23 Mar-24 Sep-24
Job Openings
The number of job openings was little changed at 7.4 million on the last business day of September but
was down by 1.9 million over the year. The job openings rate, at 4.5 percent, changed little over the
month. The number of job openings decreased in health care and social assistance (-178,000); state and
local government, excluding education (-79,000); and federal government (-28,000) but increased in
finance and insurance (+85,000). (See table 1.)
Hires
In September, the number and rate of hires changed little at 5.6 million and 3.5 percent, respectively.
(See table 2.)
Separations
Total separations include quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated
by the employer. Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers
to other locations of the same firm.
The number of total separations in September was unchanged at 5.2 million but was down by 326,000
over the year. The total separations rate was unchanged at 3.3 percent over the month. (See table 3.)
In September, the number of quits changed little at 3.1 million but was down by 525,000 over the year.
Over the month, the quits rate was little changed at 1.9 percent. Quits decreased in professional and
business services (-94,000) but increased in state and local government, excluding education (+22,000)
and in real estate and rental and leasing (+18,000). (See table 4.)
In September, the number of layoffs and discharges changed little at 1.8 million but increased by
238,000 over the year. The layoffs and discharges rate increased to 1.2 percent in September. Layoffs
and discharges increased in durable goods manufacturing (+46,000) but decreased in state and local
government, excluding education (-20,000). (See table 5.)
The number of other separations changed little at 292,000 in September. (See table 6.)
Establishment Size Class

In September, establishments with 1 to 9 employees showed little or no change in job openings, hires,
quits, and total separations rates, while the layoffs and discharges rate increased. For establishments
with 5,000 or more employees, the job openings, hires, and total separations rates showed little or no
change. (See table 7.)
August 2024 Revisions

The number of job openings for August was revised down by 179,000 to 7.9 million, the number of
hires was revised up by 118,000 to 5.4 million, and the number of total separations was revised up by
171,000 to 5.2 million. Within separations, the number of quits was revised up by 94,000 to 3.2 million,
and the number of layoffs and discharges was revised up by 60,000 to 1.7 million. (Monthly revisions
result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for October 2024 are scheduled to be
released on Tuesday, December 3, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
-2-
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Job openings Hires Total separations
Category Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept.
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)
Total.................................................. . 9,307 7,861 7,443 5,851 5,435 5,558 5,522 5,168 5,196
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,342 6,912 6,626 5,488 5,067 5,211 5,220 4,847 4,890
Mining and logging............................ . 29 24 25 22 19 22 21 18 19
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 328 288 308 348 336 313 313 312
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 491 481 396 306 356 378 325 369
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 321 327 216 171 209 212 194 223
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 170 155 179 135 147 166 131 146
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . 1,313 1,131 997 1,190 987 1,031 1,135 945 980
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 192 170 152 139 129 148 138 139
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 592 534 755 571 609 718 539 568
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 347 293 283 276 293 269 267 273
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 119 132 78 78 88 74 87 99
Financial activities............................. . 689 374 467 201 219 223 199 195 224
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 264 349 119 153 156 120 132 153
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . 180 109 118 82 66 67 78 62 71
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . 1,582 1,454 1,531 1,055 1,062 1,051 1,038 1,092 1,026
Private education and health services. . . . . . 1,925 1,636 1,461 858 832 875 753 737 757
Private educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 152 155 96 102 112 91 88 100
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . 1,762 1,484 1,306 762 730 763 663 649 657
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350 1,059 948 1,165 976 975 1,109 893 873
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . 204 142 133 160 163 163 175 146 169
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . 1,146 917 815 1,005 812 813 934 747 704
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 295 295 215 240 255 201 242 232
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965 949 817 363 368 346 302 321 307
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 142 114 44 35 32 40 34 31
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799 807 703 320 333 314 262 286 276
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 304 279 165 171 160 132 144 131
State and local, excluding education. . . . . 491 503 424 155 162 154 131 143 145
RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)
Total.................................................. . 5.6 4.7 4.5 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.3
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 4.9 4.7 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.6
Mining and logging............................ . 4.3 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.2 2.9 3.0
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 3.8 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 3.7 3.6 3.1 2.4 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.9
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 3.8 3.9 2.7 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.8
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 3.4 3.1 3.7 2.8 3.0 3.4 2.7 3.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 3.7 3.3 4.1 3.4 3.6 3.9 3.3 3.4
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 3.6 3.3 4.8 3.6 3.9 4.6 3.4 3.6
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 4.6 3.9 4.0 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.8
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.8 4.2 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.4 2.9 3.3
Financial activities............................. . 7.0 3.9 4.8 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.4
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 3.8 4.9 1.8 2.3 2.3 1.8 2.0 2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . 6.8 4.2 4.5 3.3 2.6 2.7 3.2 2.5 2.8
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . 6.5 6.0 6.2 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.8 4.5
Private education and health services. . . . . . 7.0 5.8 5.2 3.4 3.1 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.9
Private educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 3.8 3.8 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.6
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . 7.5 6.2 5.4 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.0 2.9 2.9
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 5.9 5.3 7.0 5.7 5.7 6.6 5.3 5.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . 7.4 5.1 4.7 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.9 5.5 6.3
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . 7.5 6.0 5.4 7.1 5.7 5.6 6.6 5.2 4.9
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 4.8 4.8 3.7 4.1 4.3 3.4 4.1 3.9
See footnotes at end of table.

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
Job openings Hires Total separations
Category Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept.
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.9 3.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.5 3.7 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.0
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.8 3.3 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 2.7 2.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.2
State and local, excluding education. . . . . 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Technical Note establishment is taking steps to fill a
position. It may include advertising in
newspapers, on television, or on the radio;
This news release presents statistics from the Job posting internet notices, posting “help
Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The wanted” signs, networking or making
JOLTS program provides information on labor “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting
demand and turnover. Additional information about applications; interviewing candidates;
the JOLTS program can be found at contacting employment agencies; or
www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job soliciting employees at job fairs, state or
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other local employment offices, or similar
separations, and total separations. The JOLTS sources.
program covers all private nonfarm establishments,
as well as civilian federal, state, and local Excluded are positions open only to internal
government entities in the 50 states and the District transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from
of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 with start dates more than 30 days in the future;
North American Industry Classification System. positions for which employees have been hired but
have not yet reported for work; and positions to be
Definitions filled by employees of temporary help agencies,
Employment. Employment includes persons on employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or
the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay consultants. The job openings rate is computed by
period that includes the 12th day of the reference dividing the number of job openings by the sum of
month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, employment and job openings—that is, all filled and
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are unfilled jobs—and multiplying that quotient by 100.
included, as are employees on paid vacation or other
paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll
businesses, unpaid family workers, employees on during the entire reference month, including newly
strike for the entire pay period, and employees on hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time
leave without pay for the entire pay period are not employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal
counted as employed. Employees of temporary help employees; employees who were recalled to a job at
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside the location following a layoff (formal suspension
contractors, and consultants are counted by their from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or
employer of record, not by the establishment where intermittent employees who returned to work after
they are working. JOLTS does not publish having been formally separated; workers who were
employment estimates but uses the reported hired and separated during the month, and transfers
employment for validation of the other reported data from other locations. Excluded are transfers or
elements. promotions within the reporting location, employees
returning from strike, employees of temporary help
Job Openings. Job openings include all agencies, employee leasing companies, outside
positions that are open on the last business day of the contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
reference month. A job is open only if it meets all computed by dividing the number of hires by
three of these conditions: employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
• A specific position exists, and there is work Separations. Separations include all separations
available for that position. The position can from the payroll during the entire reference month
be full-time or part-time, and it can be and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs
permanent, short-term, or seasonal. and discharges, and other separations. Quits include
• The job could start within 30 days, whether employees who left voluntarily, with the exception of
or not the employer can find a suitable retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs
candidate during that time. and discharges includes involuntary separations
• The employer is actively recruiting workers initiated by the employer, including layoffs with no
from outside the establishment to fill the intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay
position. Active recruiting means that the status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days;
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or Monthly benchmarking is the process through
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; which the JOLTS weighted employment for each
terminations of permanent or short-term employees; estimation cell is adjusted. JOLTS estimation cells
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or are benchmarked monthly to the current employment
not they are expected to return the next season). level from the BLS Current Employment Statistics
Other separations include retirements, transfers to (CES) program. The sampled weight is benchmarked
other locations, separations due to employee to ensure that JOLTS weighted employment is equal
disability, and deaths. to CES employment.
Excluded from separations measures are transfers Birth/death model. The time lag from the start
within the same location; employees on strike; and up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance
employees of temporary help agencies, employee on the sampling frame is approximately one year. In
leasing companies, outside contractors, or addition, many new establishments fail within the
consultants. The separations rate is computed by first year, referred to as a death. Because new and
dividing the number of separations by employment short-lived universe establishments cannot be
and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, reflected in the sampling frame immediately, the
layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires,
computed similarly. and separations from these establishments during
their early existence. BLS has developed a
Estimation Method birth/death model that uses establishment birth and
The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random death activity from previous years as collected by the
sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business QCEW and projects forward to the present using
and government establishments. The sample is over-the-year change in the CES. The birth/death
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and model also uses historical JOLTS data to calculate
establishment size class. the amount of churn (meaning the rates of hires and
The sampling frame is made up of separations) that exists in establishments of various
establishments from two sources: the Bureau of sizes. The model then combines the calculated churn
Labor Statistics (BLS) Quarterly Census of with the projected employment change to estimate
Employment and Wages program (QCEW) and the the number of hires and separations that take place in
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). The QCEW these establishments that cannot be measured through
database contains establishments that cover sampling. The estimates of job openings, hires, and
approximately 95 percent of nonfarm payroll jobs in separations produced by the birth/death model are
the United States. This database is a compilation of added to the sample-based estimates produced from
administrative data from state unemployment the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings,
insurance (UI) programs and federal government hires, and separations.
establishments covered by the Unemployment
Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus
program. A frame of railroad establishments is separations can be used to derive a measure of net
provided by the FRA. This is added to the QCEW employment change. This change should be
database to complete the JOLTS sampling frame. comparable to the net employment change from the
much larger CES survey. However, definitional
The JOLTS estimation method involves the differences between the two surveys, as well as
following processes: unit nonresponse adjustment, sampling and nonsampling errors, historically caused
item nonresponse adjustment, monthly benchmarking JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the
and estimation, automatic outlier detection, birth and divergence and improve the quality of the JOLTS
death model estimation, estimates review and outlier hires and separations series, BLS implemented the
selection, alignment, seasonal adjustment, and monthly alignment method. There are four steps to
variance estimates. Establishment size class levels are this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the
also produced. Detailed information about the seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust
estimation method can be found in the Handbook of again.
Methods at
https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/jlt/home.htm.
Seasonal adjustment. After alignment, the monthly CES published employment levels plus the
seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) sum of the 12 monthly job openings levels, and
is used to seasonally adjust the JOLTS series. Each multiplying that quotient by 100.
month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology uses all relevant data, up to and Reliability of the estimates
including the current month, to calculate new JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of
seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are error: sampling error and nonsampling error.
used as seasonal filters in seasonal adjustment. Sampling error can result when a sample, rather
JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a
and multiplicative models, as well as regression with chance that the sample estimates may differ from the
autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to true population values they represent. The exact
improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the difference, or sampling error, varies with the sample
beginning and end of the series and to detect and selected, and this variability is measured by the
adjust for outliers in the series. standard error of the estimate. BLS analyses are
generally conducted at the 90-percent level of
Annual estimates and benchmarking. The confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent
JOLTS estimates are revised annually with the chance that the true population mean will fall into the
issuance of data for January. Five years of data are interval created by the sample mean plus or minus
subject to revision. The revised estimates incorporate: 1.65 standard errors. Estimates of median standard
1) benchmarks based on CES employment estimates errors are released monthly as part of the significant
newly benchmarked to QCEW, 2) revised seasonal change tables on the JOLTS webpage. Standard
adjustment factors, and 3) any needed special errors are updated annually with the most recent 5
adjustments. years of data. Sampling error estimates are available
The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted at
to the CES employment levels, and the resulting www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.
ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons,
The seasonally adjusted estimates are including the failure to include a segment of the
recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect population, the inability to obtain data from all units
updated seasonal adjustment factors. These annual in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of
updates result in revisions to both the seasonally respondents to provide data on a timely basis,
adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS data mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the
series for the period since the last benchmark was collection or processing of the data, and errors from
established. the employment benchmark data used in estimation.
The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures
Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and to reduce nonsampling error in the survey’s design.
discharges, other separations, and total separations
are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Other information
If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech
Annual average levels for job openings are disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access
calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published telecommunications relay services.
monthly levels by 12.
Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and

discharges, other separations, and total separations
are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly
JOLTS published levels for each data element by the
sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.
Annual average rates for job openings are

calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly
JOLTS published levels by the sum of the 12
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Levels (in thousands) Rates2
Change Change
from: from:
Industry and region Sept. June July Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. June July Aug. Sept. Aug.
p
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 -
Sept. Sept.
2024p 2024p
Total.............................................. . 9,307 7,910 7,711 7,861 7,443 -418 5.6 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.5 -0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,342 6,894 6,839 6,912 6,626 -286 5.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.7 -0.2
Mining and logging........................ . 29 22 23 24 25 1 4.3 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.8 0.1
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 299 232 328 288 -40 5.0 3.5 2.7 3.8 3.4 -0.4
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 474 505 491 481 -10 4.5 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.6 -0.1
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 311 340 321 327 6 4.2 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.9 0.1
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 253 163 165 170 155 -15 5.0 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.1 -0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . 1,313 1,185 1,038 1,131 997 -134 4.3 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.3 -0.4
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 230 184 192 170 -22 3.6 3.6 2.9 3.0 2.7 -0.3
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 562 563 592 534 -58 4.1 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.3 -0.3
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 392 290 347 293 -54 5.5 5.2 3.9 4.6 3.9 -0.7
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 112 129 119 132 13 3.5 3.6 4.1 3.8 4.2 0.4
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689 448 442 374 467 93 7.0 4.6 4.6 3.9 4.8 0.9
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 326 311 264 349 85 7.0 4.6 4.4 3.8 4.9 1.1
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . 180 122 131 109 118 9 6.8 4.7 5.0 4.2 4.5 0.3
Professional and business services. . . . . 1,582 1,339 1,553 1,454 1,531 77 6.5 5.5 6.3 6.0 6.2 0.2
Private education and health services.. . 1,925 1,791 1,624 1,636 1,461 -175 7.0 6.4 5.8 5.8 5.2 -0.6
Private educational services. . . . . . . . . . . 163 173 159 152 155 3 4.1 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.8 0.0
Health care and social assistance. . . . 1,762 1,618 1,465 1,484 1,306 -178 7.5 6.7 6.1 6.2 5.4 -0.8
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350 943 965 1,059 948 -111 7.5 5.3 5.4 5.9 5.3 -0.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . 204 127 150 142 133 -9 7.4 4.6 5.3 5.1 4.7 -0.4
Accommodation and food services. . . 1,146 816 815 917 815 -102 7.5 5.4 5.4 6.0 5.4 -0.6
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 280 329 295 295 0 5.1 4.5 5.3 4.8 4.8 0.0
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965 1,016 871 949 817 -132 4.0 4.2 3.6 3.9 3.4 -0.5
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 109 133 142 114 -28 5.3 3.5 4.3 4.5 3.7 -0.8
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799 908 738 807 703 -104 3.9 4.3 3.5 3.8 3.3 -0.5
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 271 246 304 279 -25 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.7 2.5 -0.2
State and local, excluding
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 637 492 503 424 -79 5.0 6.2 4.9 5.0 4.2 -0.8
REGION3
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,549 1,460 1,254 1,384 1,376 -8 5.3 4.9 4.3 4.7 4.6 -0.1
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,793 3,108 3,226 3,215 2,890 -325 6.1 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.6 -0.5
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,998 1,685 1,626 1,708 1,684 -24 5.7 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 -0.1
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,966 1,657 1,605 1,555 1,492 -63 5.1 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.8 -0.2
1
The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
2
The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Change Change
from: from:
p
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 -
Sept. Sept.
2024p 2024p
Total.............................................. . 5,851 5,248 5,416 5,435 5,558 123 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,488 4,900 5,068 5,067 5,211 144 4.1 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 0.1
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 323 359 348 336 -12 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.0 -0.2
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 336 354 306 356 50 3.1 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.8 0.4
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 190 205 171 209 38 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.6 0.5
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 179 146 149 135 147 12 3.7 3.0 3.1 2.8 3.0 0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . 1,190 1,144 1,139 987 1,031 44 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.4 3.6 0.2
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 161 151 139 129 -10 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.1 -0.2
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755 683 669 571 609 38 4.8 4.4 4.3 3.6 3.9 0.3
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 300 319 276 293 17 4.0 4.2 4.4 3.8 4.1 0.3
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 79 78 78 88 10 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.9 0.3
Professional and business services. . . . . 1,055 962 946 1,062 1,051 -11 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.6 4.6 0.0
Private education and health services.. . 858 846 832 832 875 43 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 0.2
Health care and social assistance. . . . 762 756 745 730 763 33 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.4 0.2
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,165 767 891 976 975 -1 7.0 4.5 5.3 5.7 5.7 0.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . 160 141 151 163 163 0 6.3 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.1 0.0
Accommodation and food services. . . 1,005 626 740 812 813 1 7.1 4.4 5.2 5.7 5.6 -0.1
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 197 221 240 255 15 3.7 3.3 3.7 4.1 4.3 0.2
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 347 347 368 346 -22 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 -0.1
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 39 31 35 32 -3 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.1 -0.1
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 308 316 333 314 -19 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 -0.1
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 156 154 162 154 -8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 -0.1
REGION3
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 920 865 920 922 800 -122 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.3 2.8 -0.5
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,525 2,096 2,057 2,264 2,300 36 4.3 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.9 0.1
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,154 1,133 1,207 1,078 1,199 121 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.2 3.5 0.3
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,252 1,154 1,232 1,171 1,259 88 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.4 0.3
1
The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month.
2
The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Change Change
from: from:
p
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 -
Sept. Sept.
2024p 2024p
Total.............................................. . 5,522 5,084 5,314 5,168 5,196 28 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,220 4,776 4,972 4,847 4,890 43 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.6 0.0
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 282 321 313 312 -1 3.9 3.4 3.9 3.8 3.8 0.0
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 348 347 325 369 44 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.9 0.4
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 205 204 194 223 29 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.8 0.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . 1,135 1,125 1,097 945 980 35 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.3 3.4 0.1
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 159 140 138 139 1 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.2 0.0
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718 691 656 539 568 29 4.6 4.4 4.2 3.4 3.6 0.2
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 276 301 267 273 6 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.7 3.8 0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 74 92 87 99 12 2.4 2.5 3.1 2.9 3.3 0.4
Professional and business services. . . . . 1,038 973 950 1,092 1,026 -66 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.8 4.5 -0.3
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,109 832 902 893 873 -20 6.6 4.9 5.3 5.3 5.1 -0.2
Accommodation and food services. . . 934 706 747 747 704 -43 6.6 5.0 5.2 5.2 4.9 -0.3
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 193 233 242 232 -10 3.4 3.3 3.9 4.1 3.9 -0.2
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 307 343 321 307 -14 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 -0.1
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 33 31 34 31 -3 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 -0.1
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 274 312 286 276 -10 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 -0.1
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 130 156 143 145 2 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.0
REGION3
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 786 813 866 803 960 157 2.8 2.9 3.1 2.8 3.4 0.6
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,336 2,036 2,125 2,039 2,072 33 4.0 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.5 0.1
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,162 1,036 1,106 1,207 1,107 -100 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.3 -0.3
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,238 1,198 1,217 1,119 1,058 -61 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.0 2.8 -0.2
1
The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month.
2
The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Change Change
from: from:
p
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 -
Sept. Sept.
2024p 2024p
Total.............................................. . 3,596 3,214 3,243 3,178 3,071 -107 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 -0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,411 3,048 3,056 2,999 2,881 -118 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 -0.1
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 119 137 131 120 -11 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.4 -0.2
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 202 222 208 203 -5 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 0.0
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 124 129 128 117 -11 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 -0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . 799 709 687 578 621 43 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.1 0.1
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 94 83 78 78 0 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.0
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544 459 432 368 409 41 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.6 0.2
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 156 172 133 135 2 2.4 2.2 2.4 1.8 1.9 0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 36 49 41 32 -9 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.1 -0.3
Professional and business services. . . . . 581 549 495 575 481 -94 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.1 -0.4
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828 619 642 665 603 -62 5.0 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.5 -0.4
Accommodation and food services. . . 742 551 560 592 525 -67 5.2 3.9 3.9 4.1 3.6 -0.5
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 129 144 169 155 -14 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.6 -0.2
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 166 186 179 190 11 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.0
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 15 15 17 14 -3 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.1
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 151 171 162 175 13 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.1
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 71 81 76 98 22 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.2
REGION3
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 483 462 471 493 22 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 0.0
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,601 1,360 1,426 1,287 1,294 7 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 0.0
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722 675 654 735 672 -63 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.0 -0.2
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780 697 700 685 611 -74 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.6 -0.2
1
The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month.
2
The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Change Change
from: from:
p
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 -
Sept. Sept.
2024p 2024p
Total.............................................. . 1,595 1,560 1,713 1,668 1,833 165 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,526 1,479 1,627 1,589 1,775 186 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.1
Mining and logging........................ . 8 7 6 7 6 -1 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 -0.1
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 145 175 169 178 9 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.1 0.1
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 124 102 93 148 55 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.1 0.4
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 70 60 48 94 46 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . 273 357 333 312 327 15 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.0
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 49 50 55 50 -5 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 -0.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 201 169 137 149 12 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.1
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 107 114 121 128 7 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 34 38 43 54 11 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.8 0.4
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 50 72 79 63 -16 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.7 -0.2
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 27 46 41 36 -5 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . 29 23 26 38 28 -10 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.1 -0.4
Professional and business services. . . . . 387 394 399 452 497 45 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.2 0.2
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 171 232 204 254 50 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.5 0.3
Accommodation and food services. . . 168 116 164 135 168 33 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.3
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 46 85 57 60 3 1.1 0.8 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.0
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 81 86 79 59 -20 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.0
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6 6 6 5 -1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 75 80 73 53 -20 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.1
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 43 37 33 33 0 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 32 43 40 20 -20 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.2
REGION3
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 273 346 272 415 143 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.5
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633 560 577 629 661 32 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.0
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 315 374 395 375 -20 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.1 -0.1
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 412 416 372 383 11 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.0
1
The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
2
The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Change Change
from: from:
p
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 -
Sept. Sept.
2024p 2024p
Total.............................................. . 331 310 359 322 292 -30 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 249 288 259 234 -25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
Mining and logging........................ . 1 2 2 3 2 -1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 18 9 12 14 2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 21 22 24 18 -6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 12 14 18 12 -6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . 64 59 76 54 31 -23 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 15 7 6 11 5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 31 54 35 10 -25 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 13 15 13 10 -3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4 4 3 12 9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3
Professional and business services. . . . . 70 30 56 65 49 -16 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1
Private education and health services.. . 47 38 51 50 44 -6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
Health care and social assistance. . . . 42 33 45 46 37 -9 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 43 27 24 16 -8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0
Accommodation and food services. . . 24 39 23 19 11 -8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 17 5 16 18 2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 61 70 63 58 -5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 12 9 11 11 0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.0
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 48 61 52 47 -5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 22 29 25 21 -4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 27 32 27 26 -1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0
REGION3
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 57 58 59 52 -7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 117 122 123 116 -7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 47 78 77 61 -16 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 89 100 62 64 2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0
1
The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month.
2
The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, seasonally
adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Change Change
Establishment size class Sept. June July Aug. Sept. from: Sept. June July Aug. Sept. from:
2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p Aug. 2024 - 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024p Aug. 2024 -
Sept. 2024p Sept. 2024p
JOB OPENINGS
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,342 6,894 6,839 6,912 6,626 -286 5.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.7 -0.2
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,968 1,497 1,520 1,540 1,393 -147 8.4 6.2 6.4 6.5 5.8 -0.7
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,346 2,051 1,913 2,045 1,996 -49 5.3 4.5 4.3 4.6 4.4 -0.2
50 to 249 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,232 1,784 1,859 1,841 1,809 -32 5.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 0.0
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 983 846 873 827 772 -55 5.2 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.0 -0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . . . 563 473 431 417 425 8 6.1 5.6 5.2 4.8 4.8 0.0
5,000 or more employees. . . . . . . . 250 243 244 242 230 -12 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 -0.3
HIRES
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,488 4,900 5,068 5,067 5,211 144 4.1 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 0.1
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855 792 753 856 870 14 4.0 3.5 3.4 3.9 3.8 -0.1
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,669 1,650 1,697 1,598 1,707 109 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 4.0 0.3
50 to 249 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,800 1,451 1,542 1,530 1,586 56 4.6 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.1
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 749 618 664 696 644 -52 4.1 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.5 -0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . . . 330 294 319 299 314 15 3.8 3.7 4.1 3.6 3.7 0.1
5,000 or more employees. . . . . . . . 84 95 93 88 88 0 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 0.0
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,220 4,776 4,972 4,847 4,890 43 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.6 0.0
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782 742 660 618 768 150 3.7 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.4 0.6
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,673 1,600 1,805 1,656 1,717 61 4.0 3.7 4.3 3.9 4.0 0.1
50 to 249 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,702 1,455 1,420 1,492 1,456 -36 4.3 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.8 -0.1
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 721 629 725 725 598 -127 4.0 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.2 -0.6
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . . . 278 278 284 285 278 -7 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.3 -0.2
5,000 or more employees. . . . . . . . 65 73 77 71 72 1 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.0
QUITS
Total private....................... . 3,411 3,048 3,056 2,999 2,881 -118 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 -0.1
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 465 295 345 367 22 1.9 2.1 1.3 1.6 1.6 0.0
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,252 1,139 1,183 1,081 1,094 13 3.0 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.5 0.0
50 to 249 employees. . . ....... . 1,144 902 969 961 863 -98 2.9 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.2 -0.3
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . 424 347 404 419 363 -56 2.3 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.0 -0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . 152 152 159 151 151 0 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.8 0.0
5,000 or more employees. . . . . 39 43 46 42 44 2 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.0
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private....................... . 1,526 1,479 1,627 1,589 1,775 186 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.1
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 231 312 230 377 147 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.7 0.7
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 336 377 516 477 558 81 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.2
50 to 249 employees. . . ....... . 490 488 388 470 513 43 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.1
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . 266 253 291 278 205 -73 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.1 -0.3
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . 109 109 96 115 104 -11 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.2 -0.2
5,000 or more employees. . . . . 18 21 23 20 18 -2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private....................... . 283 249 288 259 234 -25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 46 52 44 25 -19 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 85 83 106 98 65 -33 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
50 to 249 employees. . . ....... . 68 65 63 61 81 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . 30 29 30 28 30 2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . 18 17 29 19 24 5 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1
5,000 or more employees. . . . . 8 10 8 9 10 1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
p Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only.
NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits,
layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings
on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and
discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment.
Table 8. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Industry and region Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept.
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,303 7,939 7,418 5.6 4.8 4.5

INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... . 8,355 6,951 6,631 5.9 4.9 4.7
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 24 25 4.2 3.5 3.8
Construction...................................................... . 416 331 282 4.8 3.7 3.2
Manufacturing.................................................... . 613 502 480 4.5 3.7 3.6
Durable goods................................................. . 360 323 326 4.2 3.8 3.9
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 179 153 5.0 3.6 3.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,388 1,193 1,046 4.6 4.0 3.5
Wholesale trade............................................... . 216 188 159 3.4 2.9 2.5
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738 666 591 4.6 4.1 3.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 339 297 5.8 4.6 4.0
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 111 140 3.7 3.5 4.5
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688 367 474 6.9 3.8 4.9
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 252 367 7.2 3.6 5.2
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 115 108 6.3 4.3 4.1
Professional and business services........................... . 1,605 1,456 1,582 6.5 5.9 6.4
Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886 1,585 1,405 6.9 5.7 5.0
Private educational services................................. . 157 143 146 3.9 3.8 3.6
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,729 1,443 1,259 7.4 6.0 5.3
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,307 1,075 906 7.2 5.8 5.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... . 170 139 109 6.2 4.5 3.9
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,137 936 797 7.4 6.0 5.2
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 309 290 5.0 4.9 4.7
Government......................................................... . 948 987 787 4.0 4.2 3.2
Federal............................................................ . 156 151 104 5.0 4.8 3.4
State and local................................................... . 792 836 683 3.8 4.1 3.2
State and local education.................................... . 297 325 268 2.7 3.2 2.4
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 511 415 5.0 5.0 4.1
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ . 1,525 1,390 1,350 5.2 4.7 4.6
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,834 3,271 2,923 6.1 5.2 4.7
Midwest.............................................................. . 2,006 1,701 1,687 5.7 4.8 4.8
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,938 1,578 1,459 5.0 4.1 3.8
1
The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
2
The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings.
3
p Preliminary
estimates.
Table 9. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,874 6,070 5,600 3.7 3.8 3.5

INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... . 5,452 5,398 5,218 4.1 4.0 3.8
Construction...................................................... . 298 359 317 3.6 4.2 3.7
Manufacturing.................................................... . 391 332 363 3.0 2.6 2.8
Durable goods................................................. . 220 181 218 2.7 2.2 2.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,193 1,031 1,019 4.2 3.6 3.5
Wholesale trade............................................... . 156 135 129 2.5 2.2 2.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747 620 591 4.8 4.0 3.8
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 77 99 2.8 2.5 3.3
Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883 949 914 3.5 3.6 3.4
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762 777 768 3.5 3.4 3.4
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138 1,081 970 6.8 6.1 5.7
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 249 261 3.7 4.2 4.4
Government......................................................... . 422 672 381 1.8 3.0 1.6
Federal............................................................ . 48 35 34 1.6 1.2 1.1
State and local................................................... . 374 637 347 1.9 3.3 1.7
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ . 966 976 842 3.5 3.5 3.0
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,522 2,616 2,313 4.3 4.4 3.9
Midwest.............................................................. . 1,130 1,196 1,171 3.4 3.6 3.5
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,256 1,282 1,273 3.4 3.4 3.4
1
The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month.
2
The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
estimates.
Table 10. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,803 6,294 5,450 3.7 4.0 3.4

INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... . 5,458 5,805 5,124 4.1 4.3 3.8
Construction...................................................... . 299 368 295 3.6 4.3 3.5
Manufacturing.................................................... . 385 401 377 3.0 3.1 2.9
Durable goods................................................. . 215 248 225 2.6 3.1 2.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,124 1,117 958 3.9 3.9 3.3
Wholesale trade............................................... . 140 152 126 2.3 2.5 2.0
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726 689 562 4.7 4.4 3.6
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 100 88 2.3 3.3 2.9
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,364 1,220 1,133 8.1 6.9 6.6
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 310 250 3.6 5.2 4.2
Government......................................................... . 345 489 325 1.5 2.2 1.4
Federal............................................................ . 41 39 31 1.4 1.3 1.0
State and local................................................... . 304 450 295 1.5 2.3 1.4
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ . 913 1,006 1,071 3.3 3.6 3.8
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,405 2,424 2,152 4.1 4.1 3.6
Midwest.............................................................. . 1,224 1,487 1,168 3.7 4.4 3.5
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,261 1,378 1,060 3.4 3.7 2.8
1
The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month.
2
The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
estimates.
Table 11. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,844 4,073 3,230 2.5 2.6 2.0

INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... . 3,644 3,811 3,029 2.7 2.8 2.2
Construction...................................................... . 148 176 117 1.8 2.1 1.4
Manufacturing.................................................... . 230 268 207 1.8 2.1 1.6
Durable goods................................................. . 132 169 120 1.6 2.1 1.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 824 742 627 2.9 2.6 2.2
Wholesale trade............................................... . 85 95 68 1.4 1.5 1.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 494 423 3.7 3.2 2.7
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 54 32 1.4 1.8 1.1
Professional and business services........................... . 632 647 507 2.8 2.8 2.2
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 952 951 709 5.7 5.4 4.1
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830 814 594 5.8 5.6 4.1
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 212 178 2.4 3.6 3.0
Government......................................................... . 200 262 201 0.9 1.2 0.9
Federal............................................................ . 19 20 15 0.6 0.7 0.5
State and local................................................... . 181 243 186 0.9 1.2 0.9
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ . 556 632 554 2.0 2.2 2.0
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,658 1,606 1,310 2.8 2.7 2.2
Midwest.............................................................. . 789 969 720 2.4 2.9 2.1
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841 866 646 2.3 2.3 1.7
1
The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month.
2
The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
estimates.
Table 12. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641 1,850 1,938 1.0 1.2 1.2

INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... . 1,542 1,700 1,868 1.2 1.2 1.4
Construction...................................................... . 132 179 160 1.6 2.1 1.9
Manufacturing.................................................... . 136 110 156 1.0 0.8 1.2
Durable goods................................................. . 71 63 95 0.9 0.8 1.2
Wholesale trade............................................... . 48 51 46 0.8 0.8 0.7
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 153 129 0.8 1.0 0.8
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 43 44 0.6 1.4 1.5
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 81 50 0.9 1.4 0.8
Government......................................................... . 98 150 70 0.4 0.7 0.3
Federal............................................................ . 8 6 5 0.3 0.2 0.2
State and local................................................... . 90 144 65 0.4 0.7 0.3
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ . 288 304 465 1.0 1.1 1.6
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 670 732 1.1 1.1 1.2
Midwest.............................................................. . 375 426 390 1.1 1.3 1.2
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 451 351 0.9 1.2 0.9
1
The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
2
The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
estimates.
Table 13. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 371 282 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... . 272 295 228 0.2 0.2 0.2
Construction...................................................... . 18 14 18 0.2 0.2 0.2
Manufacturing.................................................... . 19 24 14 0.1 0.2 0.1
Durable goods................................................. . 13 17 9 0.2 0.2 0.1
Wholesale trade............................................... . 7 6 12 0.1 0.1 0.2
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 42 10 0.3 0.3 0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 12 0.3 0.1 0.4
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 17 22 0.3 0.3 0.4
Government......................................................... . 47 76 54 0.2 0.3 0.2
Federal............................................................ . 14 13 11 0.5 0.4 0.4
State and local................................................... . 33 63 44 0.2 0.3 0.2
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ . 68 70 50 0.2 0.2 0.2
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 148 110 0.2 0.2 0.2
Midwest.............................................................. . 59 91 58 0.2 0.3 0.2
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 61 63 0.3 0.2 0.2
1
The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month.
2
The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.
3
p Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
estimates.
Table 14. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, not seasonally
adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Establishment size class Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept.
2023 2024 2024p 2023 2024 2024p
JOB OPENINGS
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,355 6,951 6,631 5.9 4.9 4.7
1 to 9 employees................................................... . 1,870 1,486 1,315 8.0 6.3 5.5
10 to 49 employees................................................ . 2,360 2,067 2,014 5.3 4.6 4.5
50 to 249 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,294 1,911 1,856 5.5 4.7 4.6
250 to 999 employees............................................. . 1,002 853 784 5.2 4.2 4.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 392 437 6.3 4.5 4.9
5,000 or more employees......................................... . 244 243 225 5.2 5.0 4.6
HIRES
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,452 5,398 5,218 4.1 4.0 3.8
1 to 9 employees................................................... . 757 826 785 3.5 3.7 3.5
10 to 49 employees................................................ . 1,682 1,716 1,724 4.0 4.0 4.0
50 to 249 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,807 1,669 1,619 4.6 4.3 4.2
250 to 999 employees............................................. . 767 775 657 4.2 4.0 3.6
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 311 338 4.0 3.8 4.0
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,458 5,805 5,124 4.1 4.3 3.8
1 to 9 employees................................................... . 750 676 742 3.5 3.1 3.3
10 to 49 employees................................................ . 1,800 1,960 1,868 4.3 4.6 4.3
50 to 249 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,794 1,903 1,541 4.6 4.9 4.0
250 to 999 employees............................................. . 772 847 627 4.3 4.4 3.4
1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 333 275 3.2 4.0 3.3
QUITS
Total private......................................................... . 3,644 3,811 3,029 2.7 2.8 2.2
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 424 352 1.9 1.9 1.6
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,351 1,342 1,172 3.2 3.1 2.7
50 to 249 employees............................................ . 1,229 1,285 922 3.1 3.3 2.4
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461 523 384 2.5 2.7 2.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees...................................... . 159 187 156 1.8 2.3 1.9
5,000 or more employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 49 44 0.9 1.1 0.9
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private......................................................... . 1,542 1,700 1,868 1.2 1.2 1.4
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 187 367 1.3 0.8 1.6
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 513 632 0.9 1.2 1.5
50 to 249 employees............................................ . 500 550 541 1.3 1.4 1.4
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 295 215 1.6 1.5 1.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees...................................... . 99 126 94 1.1 1.5 1.1
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private......................................................... . 272 295 228 0.2 0.2 0.2
1 to 9 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 64 23 0.3 0.3 0.1
10 to 49 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 105 64 0.2 0.2 0.1
50 to 249 employees............................................ . 65 69 78 0.2 0.2 0.2
250 to 999 employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 29 28 0.1 0.1 0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees...................................... . 17 20 25 0.2 0.2 0.3
p Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only.
NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits,
layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings
on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and
discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment.
estimates.

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For release 10:00 a.m.

(ET) Tuesday, October 29, 2024 USDL-24-2229

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2024

Establishment Size Class

August 2024 Revisions

See footnotes at end of table.

Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and

Annual average rates for job openings are

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,303 7,939 7,418 5.6 4.8 4.5

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,874 6,070 5,600 3.7 3.8 3.5

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,803 6,294 5,450 3.7 4.0 3.4

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,844 4,073 3,230 2.5 2.6 2.0

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641 1,850 1,938 1.0 1.2 1.2

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 371 282 0.2 0.2 0.2

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