Arithmetic
Order of Operations
To simplify series of operations:
• Perform operations within grouping symbols such as parentheses ( ), brackets [ ], and braces { }.Start from the
innermost grouping.
• Evaluate numbers with exponents.
• Perform the multiplication and division operations as they occur from left to right.
• Perform the addition and subtraction operations from left to right.
Examples:
1) 𝟖 × 𝟒 + 𝟗 ÷ 𝟑 2) 𝟓 − 𝟓𝟎 ÷ 𝟓 + 𝟕
=8×4+9÷3 = 5 − 50 ÷ 5 + 7
= 32 + 3 = 5 − 10 + 7
= 35 = −5 + 7
=2
3) 𝟏𝟓 ÷ 𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟒 + 𝟏𝟔 4) 𝟑 × [(𝟒 × 𝟖𝟐 ) ÷ 𝟖]
= 15 ÷ 3 × 10 − 4 + 16 = 3 × [(4 × 82 ) ÷ 8]
= 5 × 10 − 4 + 16 = 3 × [(4 × 64) ÷ 8]
= 50 − 4 + 16 = 3 × [256 ÷ 8]
= 46 + 16 = 3 × 32
= 62 = 96
(−𝟏𝟏)+(−𝟕) 𝟓−𝟏𝟎 𝟑−(−𝟏𝟓)
5) (−𝟒)+𝟔
6) [ ][ ]
𝟔.𝟓−𝟏𝟏.𝟓 −𝟏𝟎−(−𝟏𝟐)
−18 −5 18
= = [−5] [ 2 ]
2
= −9 = [1][9]
=9
Quiz
Simplify the following.
16−(−8) −3+15
1) 5+(−8)
+ 1−2−3 (3points)
−12(15) 18(−42)
2) [ −20
] [ −63 ] (4points)
3) 45 ÷ 5 × (6 − 4)2 + 2 × 7 + (11 − 23 + 2) (5points)
4) (92 − 95)2 + 3 × [4 + (6 − 3)2 − 6] (6points)
5) 12 + (−2)3 × {3 × [42 + (10.5 − 11.5)3 − 2] − 3} (7points)