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DBMS Exp 10

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Shreya Gokhale
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21 views3 pages

DBMS Exp 10

Uploaded by

Shreya Gokhale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT NO.

10
AIM: To Implement Explicit Cursor
THEORY:
Cursors in PL/SQL
1. Definition of Cursors: A cursor is a database object that allows you to retrieve,
manipulate, and navigate through a result set row by row. It acts as a pointer to a context
area that stores information about the processing of a SQL statement.

2. Types of Cursors: Cursors are primarily classified into two types:


 Implicit Cursors:
o Automatically created by Oracle when a SQL statement is executed.
o Used for single-row queries and do not require explicit declaration.
o Example: A simple SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement.
 Explicit Cursors:
o Explicitly declared by the programmer to handle queries that return multiple
rows.
o Provide more control over the context of the result set.
o Can be named and allow for fetching rows one at a time.
o Generally used when you need to process the result set iteratively.

3. Components of an Explicit Cursor: An explicit cursor has the following components:


 Declaration: The cursor is declared with a SQL query that defines the result set. It
specifies the rows that will be retrieved.
SYNTAX:
CURSOR cursor_name IS SELECT statement;
 Opening the Cursor: The cursor is opened to establish the result set based on the
declared SQL query.
SYNTAX:
OPEN cursor_name;
 Fetching Rows: Rows are fetched from the cursor into variables for processing. This is
typically done in a loop until all rows are processed.
SYNTAX:
FETCH cursor_name INTO variable_list;

 Closing the Cursor: After all rows have been processed, the cursor should be closed
to release the resources.
SYNTAX:
CLOSE cursor_name;

4. Usage of Explicit Cursors:


Explicit cursors are particularly useful in scenarios where:
 You need to process multiple rows returned by a query.
 You want to perform complex logic on each row (e.g., calculations, conditional
statements).
 You need to handle result sets dynamically and maintain better control over cursor
operations.

Cursor to Retrieve Accident Details:


Cursor to Retrieve Accident Locations with Counts:

CONCLUSION:
This experiment demonstrated the implementation of explicit cursors in PL/SQL, highlighting
their role in managing and processing multiple rows of data. By exploring cursor types and
their use, we successfully created and utilized explicit cursors, enabling effective row-by-row
data handling. This knowledge enhances our ability to perform complex database operations
efficiently.

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