Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University,

Nanded, Maharashtra, India

(UGC recognized, NAAC Re-accredited B++ grade State University)

“Study of Different Analytical Methods of Fractional Differential Equations

to Solve Mathematical Models”

Research proposal submitted

In partial fulfillment of registration to
Ph.D. Programme

In the subject

Mathematics
Under the faculty of

Science and Technology

Submitted by

Mr. Kale Kunalsingh M.

N. E. S. Science College, Sneh Nagar,
Nanded Dist. Nanded (M.S.), India
[email protected]
Under the supervision of

Dr. Pandit U. Chopade

Department of Mathematics
D. S. M.'s Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jintur
Dist - Parbhani - 431509, (MH), India
[email protected]

Year: 2021
“Study of Different Analytical Methods of Fractional Differential Equations
to Solve Mathematical Models”

I. Introduction to proposed research topic:

This Synopsis gives a brief description of the literature carried out towards
execution of the research work. In the subsequent part, we have mentioned the
review process, the objective outlines, purpose of carrying area and the problem
statement of our study.
Fractional calculus is the theory of integrals and derivatives of arbitrary
real order and was first suggested in works by mathematicians such as Leibniz,
L’Hôpital, Abel, Liouville, Riemann, etc. The importance of fractional derivatives
for modeling phenomena in different branches of science and engineering is due
to their nonlocality nature, an intrinsic property of many complex systems. Unlike
the derivative of integer order, fractional derivatives do not take into account only
local characteristics of the dynamics but considers the global evolution of the
system; for that reason, when dealing with certain phenomena, they provide more
accurate models of real-world behavior than standard derivatives.
In recent years, fractional order calculus has been studied as alternative
calculus in mathematics and it was applied in various field in science and
engineering. Numerical techniques are used intensively, recently the Adomian
decomposition method, conformable derivative method and variational iterative
methods, differential transform method have been used for solving wide range of
problems. The use of fractional differentiation for the mathematical modeling of
real word physical problems has been widespread in recent years, for example,
modeling of earthquake. Now a days fractional calculus is widely used in medical
science likely to study some aspects of covid-19 and many other diseases.
Applications of fractional derivatives in other fields and related mathematical tools
and techniques could be found. In fact, real world processes generally or most
likely are fractional order systems.
2
Definition of the Riemann Liouville Fractional Derivative:

The Riemann-Liouville definition[1] of fractional derivative is as follows:

For 𝛼 ∈ [𝑛 − 1, 𝑛), the α-derivative of f is

1 𝑑 𝑓(𝑥)
𝐷 (𝑓)(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑥
𝛤(𝑛 − 𝛼) 𝑑𝑡 (𝑡 − 𝑥)

Definition of the Caputo’s Fractional Derivative:

Caputo definition[1] of fractional derivative is as follows:.

For 𝛼 ∈ [𝑛 − 1, 𝑛), the α derivative of f is

( )( )
𝐷 (𝑓)(𝑡) = ( )
∫ 𝑑x
( )

Some Important Methods:

1) Differential Transform Method [2].
2) Conformable Fractional Derivative [3].
3) Variational Iteration Method [4].
4) Adomian Decomposition Method [5].
II. Survey or Review of Literature
Buvaneshwari K. (2021): The author[6], studied that the existence of solution for
a coupled system of nonlinear hybrid fractional differential equations involving
hadamard derivative with nonlocal boundary conditions.

Ahmed Murshed Kareem (2019): Ahmed Murshed Kareem[3], discussed two

different definitions of fractional derivatives, namely Riemann-Liouville and
Caputo derivatives, and some basic properties of these derivatives are discussed,
Conformable fractional derivatives are addressed. The author focuses on the
condition needed in order to guarantee the general solution when we have the
particular solution by applied some theorems.

3
B. Shiri, D. Baleanu (2019) : One of the important classes of coupled systems of
algebraic, differential and fractional differential equations (CSADFDEs) is
fractional differential algebraic equations (FDAEs). The main difference of such
systems with other class of CSADFDEs is that their singularity remains constant
in an interval. However, complete classifying and analysing of these systems relay
mainly to the concept of the index which can be found in [7].

Singla, Komal (2017): The authors[8], focus on various extensions for the
symmetry analysis of nonlinear system of FDEs. The aim of author is to extend the
symmetry approach in order to apply them to wider class of FDEs including time
fractional nonlinear systems, higher dimensional nonlinear system and variable
coefficient nonlinear systems.
V. Prathiban (2015): The V. Prathiban[9], analyse the solutions of fractional
partial differential equations. The well-known fractional partial differential
equations such as integrodifferential equation, fractional diffusion-wave equation,
fractional Burger’s equation and system of fractional partial differential equations
are considered. Results are analyse and accuracy of solutions are compared.
Vedat Suat Erturk, Shaher Momani (2008): The Vedat Suat Erturk et.al.[2],
presents approximate analytical solutions for systems of fractional differential
equations using differential transform method. The fractional derivatives are
described in the caputo sense.
Ji-Huan He (1999): The homotopy perturbation technique does not depend upon
a small parameter in the equation which can be found in [10]. By the homotopy
technique in topology, a homotopy is constructed with an imbedding parameter p
∈ [0, 1] which is considered as a “small parameter”. Some examples are given. The
approximations obtained by the proposed method are uniformly valid not only for
small parameters, but also for very large parameters.
Recently, a new iterative method was presented by Daftardar – Gejji and
Jafari[11]. This technique solves many types of nonlinear equations such as
ordinary and partial differential equations of integer and fractional order. Also, lots
of work have been done by many research workers in relevant area namely as
Mistry L., Chand Pal S., Gupta V. G. and Kumar P., B. Ahmad and S.
Shivasundaram, S. Z. Rida and A. A. M. Arafa, Aghili A. and Masom M. R.,

4
 Sontakke B. R. and Shaikh S, Aalam, Suneel Kumar, Sunny Chauhan and Pant.
S.P. Acharya and many more...

III. Objectives of Proposed Research Work:

1) To acquire the basic knowledge of fractional calculus.
2) To study the solvability of system of fractional differential equations.
3) To develop new results or techniques and study their application in
research area.
4) To find out applications of obtained results.
5) Try to apply the applications of fractional differential equation in other
branches of science and real life.
6) Try to solve different Mathematical models by different methods.

The proposed work is to prove that how mathematics is useful in other branches of
science. We hope that our research work will be useful in applied sciences and
medical field.

IV. Research Methodology:

The following steps will be including in the methodology.
1) To refer the relevant reference books on differential equation and
fractional differential equation.
2) To study MATLAB, Python, Latex softwares.
3) To study different methods to solve the system of fractional differential
equations.
4) To discuss the solvability of system of fractional differential equations.
5) To develop new techniques to solve the system of fractional differential
equation.
6) To study the nature of solution of system of fractional differential
equation.
7) Computation and analysis of solution of system of fractional differential
equations numerically and graphically using different mathematical
softwares.

5
V. Importance of the Study:

Fractional calculus is becoming a useful and key tool in the analysis

of scientific problems in Physics, Engineering, Biology and Medical Science,
Fractional formalism to be useful in solving practical problems, fractional
calculus, integration and differentiation of an arbitrary or fractional order,
provides new tools that expand the descriptive power of calculus beyond the
familiar integer-order concept of rate of change and area under the curve.
a) International Status: Many scientists and researchers many more
contributed in the development of fractional differential equations and
Fractional calculus like, Leibniz, Euler, Lagrance, Laplace, Fourier, Abel,
Liouvielli, Grunwald, Riemann, Riesz, Miller Ross, Igor Prodlubny,
Richtmeyer, Morton, Smith, Anderson, Roache, Lynn R. Willams etc..
b) National Status: Indian’s also contributed remarkable in the development
of fractional calculus like R. K. Sexana, V. Srivastava, K. N. Rai, S. Das, K.
Gupta, S. Saha Roy, V. B. L. Chawrasia, D. Kumar, Pradeep Kumar, D.
Bahuguna, Aalam, Suneel Kumar, Sunny Chauhan and Pant. S.P. Acharya
worked on some results on fixed point in uniform space. S. L. Sing (Haridwar),
R. P. Pant (Nainital), S. Bhalekar, V. Daftardar- Gejji from Maharashtra, D.N.
Chaliszar (Gujrat).
c) Scope of Study:
1) Different Mathematical models are constructed in the form of system of
fractional differential equations and we will try to study nature of solution
of these models using different methods and mathematical softwares.
2) In the area of fractional calculus number of researcher have been developed
the results, methods, operators, transformations. We will try to use the
application of these in any other branches of science.
3) There are number of methods and alternative definitions, desire approaches
to solve the fractional differential equations so there is good scope of
analyze these and use it in different fields.

6
VI. Purpose of carrying out proposed research work:
Differential equations play a major role in Mathematics, Physics and
Engineering. The purpose of the research will study different iterative methods
of fractional differential equations to obtain their solutions. Also, we will
represent graphically. The solution of fractional differential equations obtains
by new methods using mathematical softwares Mathematica, MATLAB,
Python, Scilab, Mathcad.
Also we will study different methods to obtain the solutions of system of
fractional differential equations, such as conformable fractional derivative
methods. We will compare the solutions obtain by Adomian Decomposition
methods and differential transform methods.

● Year wise plan of work and targets to be achieved:

Sr. No Period Plan of work Target to be

Achieved

1) Study the revelent Excellent

literature regarding to understanding of the
research topic. subject and well-
1 First year
2) To study different organized course
methods. work

1) Collecting and Attempt to obtain

2 Second analyzing research fresh results based

year articles. on existing work and
2) Presenting research submit some papers.
papers in international
conferences.

Third Publishing some papers and Some more papers

3 year submitting the thesis. and thesis

submission.

7
VII. References:

1) P. Igor, Fractional differential equations, New York: Academics Press,

(1999).
2) Vedat Suat Erturk, Shaher Momani, “solving systems of fractional differential
equations using differential transform method”, vol-215, pp. 142-151, (2008).

3) Ahmed Murshed Kareem, “conformable fractional derivative and it’s

applications for solving fractional differential equation”, vol-13, pp.81-87,
(2017).

4) Ji-Huan He, “Variational iteration method- a kind of non-linear analytical

technique”, vol-34, pp.699-708, (1999).

5) Man Kwong Mak, Chun Sing Leung, Tiberiu Harko, “A brief introduction to
the Adomian decomposition method with application in astronomy and
astrophysics”, vol-1, pp.1-41, (2019).

6) Buvaneswari K, “Studies on coupled systems of hybrid fractional differential

equations with nonlocal integral boundary conditions”, (Thesis-Shodhganga),
(2021).

7) B. Shiri, D. Baleanu, “System of fractional differential algebraic equations

with application”, vol-120’ pp.203-212, (2019).

8) Singla, Komal, “Symmetry Analysis of Nonlinear Fractional Partial

equations”, (Thesis) (2017).

9) V. Parthiban, “Analysis of solutions of some fractional partial differential

equations” (Thesis) (2015).

8
10) J.-H. He, “Homotopy perturbation technique,” Computer Methods in Applied
Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 178, no. 3–4, pp. 257-262, (1999).

11) S. Bhalekar, V Daftardar–Gejji Solving evolution equations using a new

iterative method. Numer. Methods, partial differential equations. Vol- 26
pp.906-916, (2010).

Mr. Kale Kunalsingh M. Dr. Pandit U. Chopade

(Research Scholar) (Research Guide)