MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Teacher Education

School: MMSU – LHS (Batac Campus) Grade/Section: Grade 7

Teacher: Lenny Joyce Chinah A. Gapuzan Subject: Mathematics
Date & Time: April ___, 2024 Quarter: 4th Quarter

A Detailed Lesson Plan in Special Products and Factorization

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of
algebraic expressions, the properties of real numbers as applied in linear equations, and
inequalities in one variable.
B. Performance Standards: The learner is able to model situations using oral, written,
graphical, and algebraic methods in solving problems involving algebraic expressions,
linear equations, and inequalities in one variable.
A. Learning Competency: The learner uses models and algebraic methods to find the:
a) product of two binomials;
b) product of the sum and difference of two terms;
c) square of a binomial;
d) cube of a binomial; and
e) product of a binomial and a trinomial.
C. Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
1. multiply binomials using FOIL method;
2. identify and uses special products to multiply polynomials; and
3. use algebraic tiles in finding the product of the sum and difference of two terms
and square of binomials.
D. Level of Performance: At least 80% of the students be able to perform the above
competencies with 75% level of proficiency.

II. CONTENT
A. Topic: Special Products
B. Prerequisite: Multiplying polynomials
C. Methodology: Inductive Method
D. Materials: Laptop, Projector/Television, chalk & board
E. Values: collaboration, critical thinking, communication skills and accuracy

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References:
1. Textbook: Nivera, G. (2018). Grade 7 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities.
Don Bosco Press. pp. 212- 219
2. Learning Module: Ondap Jr., A., Rosete V. (2020). Operations Involving
Polynomials. Department of Education- Region XII.

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College of Teacher Education

IV. PROCEDURE
DAILY ROUTINE
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Good morning, class! Good morning, ma’am!

How was your weekend? Good, ma’am.

Can you share to us why you have a good

weekend? It was a good weekend because I was able
to spend time with my family.

Wow! That’s good to hear.

Before we start with our class, let’s check

the attendance.
INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
In our previous lesson, you learned about
dividing polynomials.

Who can give the two methods?

Long Division and Synthetic Division
method ma’am.
Long Division and Synthetics Division,
which of the two methods are easier to use
in dividing polynomials?
Synthetic Division ma’am because it
requires few steps, and it can be performed
without variables. Unlike long division
methos. This, method is a less error-prone
method.
I agree synthetic division is easier,
however. It is only good for divisors of the
form (𝑥 − 𝑎). In particular, the method is
not really for factors(divisors) with three or
more terms, such as 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2.
Understood?
Yes, ma’am.
LESSON PROPER
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Lesson 4.5
Special Products

Our topic for today is all about special

products. There are different methods of
multiplying polynomials.

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1. FOIL Method
2. Product of the sum and difference of
two terms.
(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 𝑎2 − 𝑏2
3. Square of binomial
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2
4. Cube of a binomial
(𝑎 + 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 + 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏2 + 𝑏3
(𝑎 − 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 − 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏2 − 𝑏3
5. Product of a binomial and a
trinomial.
(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) = 𝑎3 + 𝑏3
(𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) = 𝑎3 − 𝑏3

First, we have multiplying two binomials

using FOIL Method.
(𝑎 ± 𝑏)(𝑎 ± 𝑏) = 𝑎2 ± 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2

F: First terms
O: Outer terms
I: Inner terms
L: Last terms

Examples:
1. (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 3)
𝐹: (𝑥)(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
𝑂: (𝑥)(−3) = −3𝑥
𝐼: (4)(𝑥) = 4𝑥
𝐿: (4)(−3) = −12

Combine the results of FOIL, we get:

𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 12
Combine like terms:
𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 12

2. (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 5)
𝐹: (𝑥 )(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2
𝑂: (𝑥 )(5) = 5𝑥
𝐼: (2)(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥
𝐿: (2)(5) = 10

Combine the results of FOIL, we get:

𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 10
Combine like terms:
𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 10

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Who wants to try this on the board?

3. (2𝑎 + 3)(2𝑎 + 4)
Ma’am!
𝟒𝒂𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝒂 + 𝟏𝟐

Do you understand how to multiply two

binomials using FOIL method?
Yes, ma’am.

Next, we have product of the sum and

difference of two term of the form:
(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 𝑎2 − 𝑏2
Steps:
a. Square the first term.
b. Square the last term.
c. Write the difference of the
two squares.

Examples:
1. (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2)
a. (𝑥 )2 = 𝑥 2
b. (2)2 = 4
c. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒

2. (2𝑥 + 3𝑦)(2𝑥 − 3𝑦)

(2𝑥 )2 = 4𝑥 2
(3𝑦)2 = 9𝑦 2
𝟒𝒙𝟐 = 𝟗𝒚𝟐

3. (𝑏 + 𝑐 2 )(𝑏 − 𝑐 2 )
(𝑏 )2 = 𝑏 2
(𝑐 2 )2 = 𝑐 4
𝒃𝟐 − 𝒄𝟒

The third one is square of a binomial of the

form:
(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2
(𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2

Examples:
1. (2𝑥 + 4)2
(2𝑥 )2 + (2)(2𝑥 )(4) + (4)2
𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔

2. (4𝑚 − 5)2

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(4𝑚)2 − (2)(4𝑚)(5) + (5)2

𝟏𝟔𝒎𝟐 − 𝟒𝟎𝒎 + 𝟐𝟓

Can someone try this?

(3 + 2𝑞)2
Ma’am!
(3)2 + (2)(3)(2𝑞) + (2𝑞)2
𝟗 + 𝟏𝟐𝒒 + 𝟒𝒒𝟐

Do you have any questions or clarification?

None, ma’am.

I assume that you understood the three

methods. Moving on the Cube of a
binomial of the form:
(𝑎 + 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 + 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏2 + 𝑏3
(𝑎 − 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 − 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏2 − 𝑏3

Example:
1. (𝑥 + 5)3
(𝑥 )3 + 3(𝑥 )2 (5) + 3(𝑥 )(5)2 + (5)3
𝒙𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝟓

2. (𝑥 − 2𝑦)3
(𝑥 )3 − (3)(𝑥)2 (2𝑦) + (3)(𝑥)(2𝑦)2 − (2𝑦)3
𝒙𝟑 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙𝒚𝟐 − 𝟖𝒚𝟑

3. (3𝑥 + 2)3
(3𝑥 )3 + (3)(3𝑥)2 (2) + (3)(3𝑥)(2)2 + (2)3
𝟐𝟕𝒙𝟑 + 𝟓𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝟔𝒙 + 𝟖

Lastly, the Product of a binomial and a

trinomial of the form:
(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) = 𝑎3 + 𝑏3
(𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) = 𝑎3 − 𝑏3

Examples:
3. (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4)
(𝑥 )3 + (2)3
𝒙𝟑 + 𝟖

4. (2𝑦 − 3)(4𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 + 9)
(2𝑦)3 − (3)3
𝟖𝒚𝟑 − 𝟑𝟕

5. (2𝑥 + 3)(4𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9)

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(2𝑥 )3 + (3)3
𝟖𝒚𝟑 + 𝟐𝟕

We’re done with special products, now

let’s proceed on how to factor a trinomial
in three (3) easy steps.

Learning how to factor a trinomial is an

extremely important and useful algebra
skill, but factoring trinomials can also be
very tricky.

These three steps will teach you how to

factor a trinomial when 𝑎 = 1 and when 𝑎
does not equal to one.

Before you learn how to factor a trinomial,

let’s do a quick review of some very
important vocabulary and definitions
related to trinomials.

Trinomial Definition

A trinomial is a polynomial that has three

terms. The first term is an 𝑥 2 term, the
second term is an 𝑥 term, and the third term
is a constant (just a number).

Furthermore, when discussing trinomials,

you will see references to values for a, b,
and c, where:

a = the 𝑥 2 term coefficient

b = the 𝑥 term coefficient
c = the constant value

For example:

For this trinomial: 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = 5, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 =

6.

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Note that, when 𝑎 = 1, the coefficient will

not be written in front of the 𝑥 2 term.

Factoring Trinomials: 𝒂 = 𝟏

For the first few examples, let’s learn how

to factor a trinomial when a, the leading
coefficient is 1.

How to Factor a Trinomial

Example 1. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟖

Again, note that a= 1 in this example.

Now let’s factor the trinomial.

Step 1: Identify the values for b and c.

What are the values for b and c?

6 and 8, ma’am.

That’s right! The values for b and c are 6

and 8.

Step 2: Find two numbers that ADD to b

and MULTIPLY to c.

This step can take a little bit of trial-and-

error.

For instance, you could pick 5 and 1

because 5 + 1 = 6. But 5 × 1 does not
equal to 8, so these numbers would not
work.
However, if you chose 4 and 2, you could
easily confirm that:

4 + 2 = 6 (the value of b); and

4 × 2 = 8 (the value of c)

Step 3: Use the numbers you picked to

write out the factors and check
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For this example, the factors would be (𝑥 +

2) and (𝑥 + 4).

Final answer: (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 + 2)

You can check the answer by multiplying

the two factors (binomials) together to see
if the result is the original trinomial as
follows:

𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟖

Notice that 2𝑥 and 4𝑥 are like terms that

can be combined.
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟖

Multiply the factors results in the original

trinomial.

Example 2. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟐𝟎

Step 1: Identify the values for b and c.

In this example, 𝑏 = 9 and 𝑐 = 20.

Step 2: Find two numbers that ADD to b

and MULTIPLY to c.

To make factoring trinomials easier, write

down all of the factors of c that you can
think of.

In this case, 𝑐 = 20, so:

20 × 1 = 20
10 × 2 = 20
5 × 4 = 20

Remember that the two numbers have to

multiply to c AND add to b.

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The only factors of 20 that meet both of

these requirements are 4 and 5, right?
Yes, ma’am.

Step 3: Use the numbers you picked to

write out the factors and check

Thus, the final answer is (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 4).

Let’s check using the FOIL method.

𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 20
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟐𝟎

Example 3. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝟒

Notice that this example includes

subtraction signs, but the process of
factoring is still the same.

Now, who wants to try to answer number

3? Before that, let’s proceed to Step 1.

Step 1: Identify the values for b and c.

Who can identify the values for b and c?

−5 and −24, ma’am.

Very good! Let’s proceed to Step 2.

Step 2: Find two numbers that ADD to b

and MULTIPLY to c.

In here, I want you to find two values that

ADDS to -5 and MULTIPLY to -24.

What are these values? Remember, when

multiplying integers with a product of
negative sign, the sign of the two values
must be negative and positive.

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-8 and 3, ma’am.

Are you sure?

Yes, ma’am.

Let’s find out:

−8 × 3 = 24
−8 + 3 = −5

I guess you’re right.

Let’s now proceed to Step 3.

Step 3: Use the numbers you picked to

write out the factors and check

Thus, the final answer is (𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 + 3).

Who wants to do the checking?

𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 8𝑥 − 24
𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝟒

Very good! Did you understand our topic

for today?
Yes, ma’am!
Now, how do we factor a trinomial when 𝑎
does not equal to 1?

Let’s find out using these four (4) simple

steps.

Step 1: Multiply (a)(c).

Step 2: Factor and replace (b).
Step 3: Split and find the GCF.
Step 4: Identify factors.

Let’s have:

Example 1: 𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟓𝒙 + 𝟗

To proceed with the steps, let us first

identify which are a, b, and c.
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In this case, 𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −15, and 𝑐 = 9.

Step 1: Multiply (a)(c)

Take note: 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑐 = 9

9 × 4 = 36

Step 2: Factor and replace (b)

Next, we’re going to factor out 36 and

replace b.

What do you think are the two values that

ADD to -15 and MULTIPLY to 36?

-12 and -3, ma’am.

Very good! Because if we add -12 and -3,
the answer would be -15. And if we
multiply them, that will lead us to 36 as the
answer.

And now we can replace -15 to:

𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟗

Step 3: Split and find the GCF.

Third step is to split down the middle and

pull out the GCF.

Step 4: Identify factors

The factors are (4𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 3).

Who wants to check this using the FOIL

method?

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4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 9
𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟓𝒙 + 𝟗
So, that’s how we factor a trinomial when
𝑎 does not equal to 1.

I see that you understand very well our

lesson for today, so I guess we’re ending
this discussion here. Thank you, class!
EVALUATION
Instruction: Solve for special products. Write your complete solution and highlight your
final answer.

1. (2𝑥 − 1)2
2. (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 9)
3. (3𝑥 + 4)3

SOLUTIONS AND ANSWERS:

1. (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟐
- (𝟐𝒙)𝟐 − 𝟐(𝟐𝒙)(𝟏) + (𝟏)𝟐
- 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟏

2. (𝒙 − 𝟑)(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟗)
- (𝒙)𝟑 + (𝟑)𝟑
- 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟐𝟕

3. (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟑
- (𝟑𝒙)𝟑 + 𝟑(𝟑𝒙)𝟐(𝟒) + 𝟑(𝟑𝒙)(𝟒)𝟐 + (𝟐)𝟑
- 𝟐𝟕𝒙𝟑 + 𝟏𝟎𝟖𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝒙 + 𝟖

V. ASSIGNMENT

Instruction: Factor the following.

1. 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16
2. 𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 64

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ANSWER:

1. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔
(𝒙 + 𝟒)(𝒙 + 𝟒)

2. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔𝒙 + 𝟔𝟒
(𝒙 − 𝟖)(𝒙 − 𝟖)

Prepared by:

LENNY JOYCE CHINAH A. GAPUZAN

Student Teachers

Checked by:

RHEA M. CABRERA
Teacher Training Instructor

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