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27 Chapter 4 (Microcontrollers)

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10 views11 pages

27 Chapter 4 (Microcontrollers)

Uploaded by

nmright31
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER - 4

INTRODUCTION
TO
MICROCONTROLLERS
What is a microcontroller ?

A microcontroller is a complete microprocessor system,


consisting of a microprocessor, limited amount of ROM
or EPROM, RAM and I/O ports all built on a single
integrated circuit (IC).

It is similar to a microcomputer but since it handles


controlling functions, it is called as a microcontroller.
ADVANTAGES OF MICROCONTROLLER OVER MICROPROCESSOR
1. The cost of microcontroller is less than a microprocessor
based system.

2. A microcontroller has more I/O components than a


microprocessor based system.

3. Microcontroller can be used in a variety of intelligent


products such as Personal Computer keyboards whereas
microprocessor based system cannot be used in intelligent
products.

4. Many low cost products such as electronic toys, electric


drills, microwave ovens are based on microcontrollers and
not on microprocessor based systems.
FEATURES OF 8051 MICROCONTROLLER
1. It has an 8 bit ALU.

2. It has 4 KB of ROM or EPROM.

3. It has 128 bytes of RAM.

4. It has dual 16 – bit timer event counter.

5. It has 32 I/O lines for four 8 – bit I/O ports.

6. It can address 64 KB of Program memory

7. It can address 64 KB of Data memory


FEATURES OF 8051 MICROCONTROLLER
8. It has a powerful instruction set consisting of 111
instructions.

9. It has two external interrupts.

10. It has a clock frequency of upto 12 MHz.

11. It has a full featured serial port.


SERIES

OF

MICROCONTROLLERS
SERIES SIZE OF SIZE OF I/O TIMERS FEATURES
INTERNAL INTERNAL LINES
ROM RAM
8048 1 KB 64 Bytes 27 1 •It has a clock frequency of 2 MHz to
4 MHz.
8049 2 KB 128 Bytes 27 1 •It has a clock frequency of 2 MHz to
4 MHz.
8050 4 KB 256 Bytes 27 1 • It has a clock frequency of 2 MHz to
4 MHz.
8052 8 KB 256 Bytes 32 3 • It has one serial port.

8031 128 Bytes 2 • Alternate versions of 8051 & 8052.


& NIL & 32 & • They do not have on-board ROM.
8032 256 Bytes 3 • They are excellent devices for
prototyping and low cost products.
8052 • It is another form of 8052.
AH- 8 KB 256 Bytes 32 3 • It uses the BASIC programming language
BASIC instead of Assembly Language.
APPLICATIONS OF MICROCONTROLLER

1) They are used as independent controllers in machines.

2) They are used as machine tools, chemical processors, medical


instrumentation .

3) Many low cost devices like electronic toys, microwave ovens,


etc. are based on microcontrollers.

4) Home security system, tape deck and intelligent multimeter can


also be built using microcontrollers .

5) Personal Computer keyboards are implemented with a


microcontroller .
Important Board
Exam Questions for
Chapter 4
Q1. What is a microcontroller?
Mention its advantages.
Q2. Give 8 features of 8051 microcontroller.

Q3. Explain the memory mapping of 8051


microcontroller with a neat diagram.

Q4. Explain the other microcontrollers


in the 8051 family.

Q5. Give the applications of microcontrollers.

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