Subject: English for Academic and Professional Purposes

Grade Level: 11

Objective: Identify the elements of a formal report.

I. Before the Lesson / Pre-lesson Proper

Activating Prior Knowledge:

[Teaching Strategy:] Cooperative Learning

[Instructional Materials:] K-W-L Chart, examples of formal reports

Engaging Activity 1 - Brainstorming session on types of reports encountered in daily

life.

Engaging Activity 2 - Picture Analysis of various report formats (business, academic,

etc.).

Engaging Activity 3 - Storytelling about a time when a formal report was useful in a
real-life scenario.

Establishing Lesson Purpose / Intention:

Today, we will explore formal reports, which are essential tools in academic and
professional settings. Understanding their elements will not only enhance your
writing skills but also prepare you for future academic and career opportunities. Let's
delve into why mastering this skill is crucial for effective communication in any field.

Lesson Language Practice/Unlocking of Difficulties:

Key Terms: formal report, title page, table of contents, introduction, body,
conclusion, references
Key Concepts:

Concept 1 - Structure of a formal report

Concept 2 - Purpose of each element in a formal report

II. During the Lesson Proper

Reading the Key Idea / Stem:

A formal report is a structured document that presents information clearly and

objectively, often for decision-making purposes.

Developing Understanding of the Key Idea / Stem:

Activity 1: “Element Breakdown”

[Teaching Strategy:] Jigsaw Method

Materials - Printed copies of report elements, chart paper

Significance - This activity encourages students to collaborate and share knowledge

on different report components.

Instructions -

1) Divide the class into small groups, assigning each group a specific element of a
formal report.

2) Research and discuss the importance of that element within the group.

3) Each group presents their findings to the class, creating a comprehensive

overview of all elements.

Rubric

- Clarity of presentation - 10 pts.

- Understanding of assigned element - 10 pts.

- Engagement with peers - 5 pts.

Assessment Questions:

1) What is the purpose of the introduction in a formal report?

2) How does the table of contents enhance the usability of a report?

3) Why are references critical in a formal report?

Activity 2: “Formal Report Scavenger Hunt”

[Teaching Strategy:] Inquiry-Based Learning

Materials - Examples of formal reports, checklist of elements

Significance - This activity promotes active learning as students identify elements in

real documents.

Instructions -

1) Provide students with various formal report examples.

2) In pairs, students use a checklist to identify and note the elements present in each
report.

3) Share findings with the class, discussing the significance of each element
discovered.

Rubric

- Completeness of checklist - 10 pts.

- Quality of discussion points - 5 pts.

- Collaboration with partner - 5 pts.

Assessment Questions:

1) What common elements did you find across the reports?

2) How do the elements differ between academic and business reports?

3) What challenges did you face in identifying report elements?

Inclusive Activity 3: “Design a Mini Report”

[Teaching Strategy:] Project-Based Learning

Materials - None

Significance - This hands-on activity allows students to apply their knowledge and
create a simple report.

Instructions -

1) Individually, students choose a topic of interest.

2) Create a mini formal report including at least three essential elements discussed
in class.

3) Present the mini report to the class and receive feedback.

Rubric

- Inclusion of required elements - 10 pts.

- Clarity and organization - 5 pts.

- Presentation skills - 5 pts.

Assessment Questions:

1) What topic did you choose for your mini report, and why?

2) Which element do you think is most important in your report?

3) How did you ensure clarity in your writing?

Deepening Understanding of the Key Idea/Stem:

Activity: “Peer Review of Reports”

[Teaching Strategy:] Cooperative Learning

Materials - Drafts of mini reports

Significance - This activity fosters constructive criticism and deeper understanding of

report elements.

Instructions -

1) Pair up with a classmate and exchange mini reports.

2) Provide feedback focusing on the clarity and presence of report elements.

3) Revise your report based on the feedback received.

Rubric

- Quality of feedback provided - 10 pts.

- Revisions made based on peer feedback - 10 pts.

- Engagement in the process - 5 pts.

Assessment Questions:

1) What feedback did you find most helpful?

2) How did your partner's report differ from yours?

3) What revisions did you implement based on the feedback?

III. After the Lesson / Post-lesson Proper

Making Generalizations / Abstractions:

In conclusion, understanding the elements of a formal report is vital for effective

communication in both academic and professional contexts. By recognizing the
structure and purpose of each component, you can enhance your writing skills and
produce clear, organized documents. Mastering these elements prepares you for
future challenges in both school and the workplace.
Supporting Material 1 - "Writing Reports: A Guide for Students" - This resource
provides a comprehensive overview of report writing, including examples and
templates.

Supporting Material 2 - "The Elements of Style" by Strunk and White - This classic
text offers insights into effective writing practices that can enhance report clarity and
professionalism.

Assessment - Evaluating Learning:

[Teaching Strategy:] Think-Pair-Share

[Instructional Materials:] Worksheets for self-assessment and feedback.

Question 1 - What are the key elements of a formal report?

Question 2 - How does each element contribute to the overall effectiveness of the
report?

Question 3 - Why is it important to use proper formatting in a formal report?

H.O.T.S.:

Question 1 - How might the effectiveness of a report change if one of its key
elements is missing?

Answer 1 - Missing an element can lead to confusion, lack of clarity, or incomplete

information, undermining the report's purpose.

Question 2 - In what scenarios might a formal report be more effective than a verbal
presentation?

Answer 2 - Formal reports can provide detailed documentation and serve as a

reference, while verbal presentations may lack depth or permanence.

Question 3 - How can understanding formal reports benefit you in a future

workplace?

Answer 3 - Mastering report writing can enhance communication skills, enabling

effective information sharing and decision-making in professional settings.

Additional Activities for Application / Remediation:

Assignment 1 - “Research and Report”

Guiding Overview for Teacher: Assign students to research a topic of their choice
and write a formal report, ensuring they include all key elements discussed.

Assessment Question - Describe the process you followed to gather information for
your report.

Assignment 2 - “Interview a Professional”

Guiding Overview for Teacher: Students will interview a professional about the
types of reports they write and their importance in the workplace.

Assessment Question - What insights did you gain from the interview about formal
reports in a professional setting?

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