COMSATS University Islamabad,

Sahiwal Campus

Course Outline & Lecture Plan

Differential Equations
MTH242

Department of Mathematics
 Differential Equations MTH-242

A: Teacher and Course Information

Teacher Name: Dr. Najma Abdul Rehman E-mail: [email protected]
Program: SP22-BSCS Semester: Spring 2024
Department: Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus

B: Course Description
Topics Covered:
Mathematical and Physical meaning of first order differential equations and its applications, Linear Differential
Equations, Second Order Linear Homogeneous Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients, Second Order
Linear Nonhomogeneous Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients, Higher Order Linear Differential
Equations, Bessel Equation, Legendre's Equation, System of Simultaneous Linear Differential Equations, Series
Solution of Differential Equations, Partial Differential Equations, First Order Partial Differential Equations,
Solution using Method of Separation of Variables, Classifications of Linear Second Order Partial Differential
Equations, Two Dimensional Partial Differential Equations and their Solutions.

Course Learning Objectives:

The course aims to provide the basic ideas and solutions techniques of differential equations to the students. At
the end of this course the students will be able to apply ordinary differential equations to his respective branch of
engineering. Particularly, the course learning objectives are:
 It will help the students to apply elementary solution techniques and be able to interpret the results and
solve specific problems in major area of studies
 Enhance students’ ability to solve DE’s with different input functions and to understand the existence,
uniqueness of solutions to DE's.
 It will help students to understand higher order Differential Equations and their applications through
examples.
Students Learning Outcomes:
After completion of the course the students will be able to:
 Understand and apply the various basic computational techniques for differential equations solving.
 To solve higher order DE’s with different input functions.
 To understand existence and uniqueness of solutions.
 To understand series solution of ordinary differential equations.
 To understand how to apply Laplace transformation on ODE’s
 To learn the method of separation of variables for PDE’s and their applications.
Textbook:
1. D. G. Zill, “A First Course in Differential Equations with Modeling Applications”, 9th Edition, Cengage
Learning, 2009, ISBN-13: 978-1111827052.
2. D. G. Zill, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, 6th Edition, 2016, ISBN-13: 978-1284105902.
Reference Books
1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics by, 8 th Edition, John Wiley, 1998, ISBN-13: 978-
0471154969.
2. William E. Boycc & Richard C. Diprima, Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value
Problems, 7 Edition, Wiley, 2000, ISBN-13: 978-0471319993.

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 Differential Equations MTH-242

C: Lecture-wise Activities
Week # Lecture # Topic (Chapter/Topics Covered) Evaluation Remarks

1 1 Introduction to Differential Equation Students are

 Definition of Differential Equation with advised to
notions of order and degree review basics
 Examples rules of
 Discussion of some working rules of derivatives
derivatives and integrations and
integrations
2 Types of Differential Equations Chap 1
 Classification of Differential Equations by Book by Zill
types, order and linearity (Linear and of DE
nonlinear, homogeneous and
nonhomogeneous, ordinary and patrial D. E.)
 Examples
2 3 Initial & Boundary conditions
 Initial value problem(IVP) Chap 1
(Date)  Boundary value problem Book by Zill
 Verification of solution, Solution curve of DE
 Examples
4  Different types of solutions Chap 1
 Families of solutions Book by Zill
(Date)  Homogeneous, nonhomogeneous linear DE’s of DE
solutions
 Property (The sum of two solutions)
 Particular and complementary solution
 General solution
 Existence of unique solution
 A BVP have many, one, or no solutions
 Examples
3 5 Solution Techniques of first-order D.E. Chap 2
 Introduction of Separable differential Book by Zill
(Date) Equations of DE
 Method to solve the separable D.E.
 Examples
 D. E. as Mathematical models Applications
(Growth and Decay)
6 Integrating Factor; Chap 2
 Steps for solving a linear first order DE Book by Zill
(Date)  Applications of DE
4 7 Exact Differential Equations Quiz #1
 Differential of a function of two variables Chap 2
(Date)  Definition & criteria for exact differential Book by Zill
equations
 Method of solution of exact differential of DE
equation
 Examples
8 Solution of Non-Exact DE Chap 2
 Integrating Factors to make the exact DE Book by Zill
 Examples. of DE

5 9 Solution of homogeneous differential Chap 2

equations Book by Zill
(Date)  Substitutions and working rules for solving of DE

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Differential Equations MTH-242

homogeneous DE
 Examples
10 Solution method for non-homogeneous Assignment Chap 2
equations #1 Book by Zill
(Date)  Solution of differential equations by of DE
substitutions other than homogeneous
 Solution of Bernoulli’s DE
 Applications
6 11 Introduction of some notions for the solution of
higher order differential equations Chap 2
(Date)  Existence of unique solution Book by Zill
 A BVP have many, one, or no solutions of DE
 Differential Operator
 Superposition principle
 Linearly independence
 Fundamental Set of Solutions
 Method for Solving Homogeneous Equations
 Examples and Applications
12 Ist
Sessional
(Date) Exam.
7 13 General solution for non-homogeneous DE
 Complimentary functions Chap 4
(Date)  Another superposition principle Book by Zill
 Solution verification of DE
Examples and Applications
Solution of Second order ODE’s
 Reduction of order method
 Examples
14 Solution of higher order Linear homogeneous Chap 4
ODE’s Book by Zill
(Date)  Method to solve homogeneous linear of DE
differential equations with constant
coefficients
 Auxiliary equation
 Three cases of auxiliary equation (distinct,
repeated and complex roots)
 Euler formula (for complex roots)
Examples
8 15 Solution of higher order Linear non- Quiz #2 Chap 4
homogeneous ODE’s Book by Zill
(Date)  Method of undetermined Coefficients of DE
 Particular Solution Using Undetermined
Coefficients
 Trial particular solutions
 Different cases for particular solutions by
superposition
 General Solution Using Undetermined
Coefficients
 Examples
16 Differential Operator Assignment Chap 4
 Annihilator operator #2 Book by Zill
 nth-order differential operator or polynomial of DE
operator
 Examples
9 17  Solution of higher order non-

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Differential Equations MTH-242

homogeneous ODE’s using undetermined Chap 4

(Date) coefficients with annihilator operator Book by Zill
 Applications of DE
18 Method of Variation of Parameters Quiz #3 Chap 4
 Wronskian Book by Zill
(Date)  Fundamental Set of Solutions of DE
 Method for Solving non-Homogeneous Linear
differential equations by variation of parameters
 Examples
10 19 Solution of Cauchy Euler Equation Assignment Chap 4
 Introduction #3 Book by Zill
(Date)  Solution with two different substitutions of DE

20 Power Series Chap 6

 Review of Power Series Book by Zill
(Date)  Convergence of DE
 Interval of convergence
 Identity property
 Ordinary and singular points
 Power series solutions; basic notions
 Examples

11 21 2nd
Sessional
(Date) Exam
22 Power Series Solution Chap 6
 Series Solutions near an Ordinary Point Book by Zill
(Date)  Use of Recurrence relation of DE
 Examples
12 23 Singular Point
 Definition Singular Points Chap 6
(Date)  Classification of regular singular points Book by Zill
and irregular singular points of a of DE
differential equation.
 Examples
24 Series Solutions Near a Regular Chap 6
Singular Point Book by Zill
(Date)  Method of Solution
 Examples & Applications
13 25 Laplace Transform Chap 7
 Definition Book by Zill
(Date)  Linearity property of DE
 Integral transform
 Transforms of some basic functions
 Laplace is a linear Transformation
 Transformation of piecewise continuous
function
 Examples
26 Inverse Laplace Transform Quiz #4 Chap 7
 Definition Book by Zill
(Date)  Some basic Inverse Transform of DE
 Solution of DE
14 27 System of Differential Equations Chap 4. 8
 Introduction Book by Zill
(Date)  Method of Solution for simultaneous ordinary
DE
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 Differential Equations MTH-242

28 Continued System of Differential Equations Chap 4, 8

 Solution for linear homogeneous and Book by Zill
(Date) non-homogeneous system of ODE of DE
15 29 Partial Differential Equations. Chap 13
 Definition Book by Zill
(Date)  Types of PDE; Parabolic, Elliptic, Hyperbolic of Advanced
 Examples Engineering
30 Partial Differential Equations. Assignment
Method for Solution of PDE #4 Chap 13
(Date)  Variable Separable Method Book by Zill
 Examples & Applications of Advanced
Engineering
16 31  The Heat equation Chap 13
 The Wave equation Book by Zill
(Date) of Advanced
Engineering
32  Review
(Date)
17 Final
(Date)

Prepared By Verified By Approved By

(Course Instructor) (Course Moderator) (Head of the Department)

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