1

1 The diagram shows five species of ciliate that are found in sewage treatment works.
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Here is a dichotomous key to identify the ciliates shown in the diagram.

Complete the key by writing suitable statements:

• for box 2 to distinguish species B and E

• for box 4 to distinguish species A and C.

text for box 2 ............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

text for box 4.............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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2 The diagram shows six species of reptiles.

Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A–F) in the correct empty
box beside the key.
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1 (a) organism has a shell (hard covering on its back) go to 2

(b) organism does not have a shell go to 3

2 (a) organism has flat limbs (flippers) Caretta caretta

(b) organism has legs and feet Chelonoidis nigra

3 (a) organism has limbs go to 4

(b) organism has a long body and no limbs Crotalus viridis

4 (a) organism has ridges on its back go to 5

(b) organism has no ridges on its back Varanus bengalensis

5 (a) organism has a coiled tail Chamaeleo calyptratus

(b) organism has a straight tail Alligator mississippiensis

[5]

[Total: 5]
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3 Myriapods can be classified into four classes, 1, 2, 3 and 4.

The diagram is a dichotomous key that can be used to distinguish the four classes of myriapods.

Complete the table by using the dichotomous key to classify the six myriapods in the diagram into
the four classes.
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letter(s) of species from the diagram in

class
each class

[3]

[Total: 3]
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4 Diagram 1 shows four arthropods.

diagram 1

Diagram 2 is a dichotomous key for the arthropods shown in diagram 1.

Complete the dichotomous key by writing suitable statements in:

• box 2 to identify species B

• box 3 to separate species C and A.

diagram 2

[2]
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[Total: 2]

5 The ant-mimic jumping spider, Myrmarachne formicaria, is shown in the diagram.

The common name of this species describes its behaviour. It is an arachnid that tricks its prey
because it looks like the insects that it eats.

Some keys use paired choices of features to identify species such as the ant-mimic jumping spider.

State the name of this type of key.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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6 The diagram below is a branching key used to identify different species of bacteria.

The diagram below shows six different species of bacteria.

Use the key to identify the six different species of bacteria.

Write the letters on the lines in the diagram below.

[5]

[Total: 5]
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7 The diagram shows six leaves.

not to scale
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Use the key to identify the plants that these leaves came from.

Write the letter for each leaf in the key.

Key

description name of organisms letter

1 (a) veins parallel go to 2

(b) veins not parallel go to 3

leaf length more than six times leaf

2 (a) Plantago maritima
width at its widest point

leaf length less than six times leaf

(b) Plantago lanceolata
width at its widest point

3 (a) leaf has thorns (spikes) Ilex aquifolium

(b) leaf has no thorns (spikes) go to 4

4 (a) leaf not divided into sections Nymphaea alba

(b) leaf divided into sections go to 5

5 (a) leaf divided into 3 sections Trifolium pratense

(b) leaf divided into 8 sections Lupinus arboreus

[5]

[Total: 5]
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8 The diagram shows five whole leaves from different trees.

Use the key to identify the leaves in the diagram and write the answers in the table.
key name of tree letter

(a) leaf is a single leaf shape go to 2

1
(b) leaf is divided into several parts called leaflets go to 4

(a) veins branch from a long middle vein go to 3

2
(b) veins branch from a single point at the stalk Hedera

(a) leaf is oval and has a smooth edge Magnolia

3
(b) leaf is not oval and has a lobed edge Quercus

(a) leaf has leaflets joined at one point on the stalk Aesculus
4
(b) leaf has leaflets joined at different points along the stalk Sorbus

[4]

[Total: 4]
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9 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

The diagram is not drawn to scale.

B C

D E

Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.
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key

letter

1 (a) has visible external ears go to 2

(b) does not have visible external ears Eschrichtius robustus

2 (a) stands on four legs go to 3

(b) stands on two legs go to 4

3 (a) has two horns between its ears Antidorcas marsupialis

(b) has two horns in front of its ears Diceros bicornis

4 (a) has ears placed on top of head Macropus rufus

(b) has ears placed at the side of head Homo sapiens

[4]

[Total: 4]
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10 The diagram below shows six different insects.

A
B

C D

not drawn to scale

Use the key to identify the insects labelled A, B, E and F.

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Write your answers in the table below.

key
description name of insect

1 (a) insect has wings go to 2

(b) insect has no wings go to 3

2 (a) one pair of wings go to 4

(b) two pairs of wings go to 5

3 (a) two tail pieces springtail

(b) three tail pieces silverfish

4 (a) abdomen is pointed robber fly

(b) abdomen is rounded hoverfly

5 (a) antennae are pointed large yellow moth

(b) antennae have rounded ends clouded yellow butterfly

insect name of insect

[4]

[Total: 4]
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11 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

not drawn to scale

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Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.

key

letter

1 (a) has webbed feet go to 2

(b) does not have webbed feet go to 3

2 (a) tail wide and flattened Castor canadensis

(b) tail rounded, ending in a point Lutra lutra

3 (a) body fur striped Panthera tigris

(b) body fur not striped go to 4

4 (a) tail has tuft of dark fur at the end Panthera leo

(b) no tuft of fur at end of tail Canis lupus

[4]

[Total: 4]
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12 The diagram below shows five species of mollusc.

A B C

D E

Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box
beside the key.

Key
1 (a) body is completely or partly covered in a shell go to 2

(b) body is not completely covered or partly covered in a shell Limax flavus

2 (a) shell is attached to rocks by thin threads Mytilus edulis

(b) shell is not attached to rocks by thin threads go to 3

3 (a) shell is a spire that comes to a point Buccinum undatum

(b) shell is not a spire that comes to a point go to 4

4 (a) animal has tentacles Nautilus pompilius

(b) animal has 2 tentacles Planorbis planorbis

[3]

[Total: 3]
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13 The diagram below shows seven different species of amphibian.

Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to G) in the correct box
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beside the key. One has been done for you.

key
1 (a) long, narrow body, with or without legs go to 2

body not long and narrow, back legs are larger than the front
1 (b) go to 5
legs

Gymnopis
2 (a) body without legs B
multiplicata

2 (b) body with legs which are all of the same size go to 3

3 (a) raised crest along the back of the body Triturus cristatus

3 (b) no crest along the back of the body go to 4

Necturus
4 (a) gills present
maculosus

Ambystoma
4 (b) no gills present
tigrinum

5 (a) skin is smooth go to 6

Oreophrynella
5 (b) skin is not smooth
quelchii

Polypedates
6 (a) digits end in swellings
leucomystax

6 (b) digits do not end in round swellings Rana temporaria

[3]

[Total: 3]
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14 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

A B

C D

E
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Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.

name of mammal letter

(a) has a humped back go to 2

1
(b) back is level with no hump go to 3

(a) has one hump on its back Camelus dromedarius

2
(b) has two humps on its back Camelus ferus

(a) has black fur on its face Lama glama

3
(b) fur on face is not black go to 4

(a) neck and legs long and thin Vicugna vicugna

4
(b) neck and legs short and thick Vicugna pacos

[4]

[Total: 4]
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15 The diagram below shows five invertebrates that can harm humans.

A B

head enlarged
C D

not drawn to scale

Use the key to identify the invertebrates shown in the diagram above.

Write the letter for each organism in the key.

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Key

description name or organism letter

1 (a) body divided into visible segments go to 3

(b) body not divided into visible segments go to 2

2 (a) four pairs of legs present Amblyomma americanum

(b) three pairs of legs present Pthirus pubis

3 (a) bristles present on body Aedes aegypti

(b) no bristles present on body go to 4

4 (a) hooks on head Taenia solium

(b) no hooks on head Hirudo medicinalis

[4]

[Total: 4]
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16 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

They are not drawn to the same scale.

A B

C D

Use the key to identify the mammals shown.

key
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name of mammal

1 (a) has ears more than half the length of the head O. cuniculus
(b) has ears less than half the length of the head go to 2

2 (a) has fur on tail all one colour go to 3

(b) has fur on tip of tail a different colour to the rest of tail fur go to 4

3 (a) has webbed feet ( skin between the toes) M. vison

(b) does not have webbed feet ( no skin between the toes) M.leucurus

4 (a) has white fur on the end of the tail V. vulpes

(b) has black fur on the end of the tail M. erminea

Complete the table below by writing the names of the five mammals.

mammal name of mammal

[4]

[Total: 4]
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17 The diagram below shows five molluscs. They all live in the sea or on the shore.

A C E

B D

Use this key to identify these molluscs.

Shell has one part Go to 2

1
Shell has two parts C. edule
Shell has a hole in the top F. aperta
2
Shell does not have a hole in the top Go to 3
Shell is narrow, with an obvious point C. australis
3
Shell is rounded with no obvious point Go to 4
Shell is plain, with no pattern L. Littorea
4
Shell is patterned T. regina

Write your answers in the Table below.

mollusc name
A
B
C
D
E

[4]

[Total: 4]
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18 The diagram shows an arthropod.

Using the key, identify this arthropod.

1 body segments clearly visible .......................... go to 2

body segments not visible................................ go to 4
2 body with many segments................................ go to 3
body with three distinct parts............................ go to 4
3 antennae longer than the legs.......................... A
antennae shorter than the legs.......................... B
4 three pairs of legs............................................... C
more than three pairs of legs............................. D

[1]

[Total: 1]

19 The diagram shows an animal.

body

Using the key, which animal is it?

body divided body not divided

into visible segments into visible segments

tail tail legs legs

present absent 3 pairs 4 pairs

animal animal animal animal

A B C D
[1]

[Total: 1]