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13 views5 pages

CSharp Learning Outline TextbookStyle

Uploaded by

Victoire Chinyanta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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C# Learning Outline - Full Textbook

Style
Chapter 3: Object-Oriented Programming in C#

3.7 Understanding Properties


In C#, properties provide a flexible mechanism to read, write, or compute the value of a
private field. Properties are often used to protect a field from being accessed directly while
still allowing external code to read and write values in a controlled manner.

Properties are defined with get and set accessors:

 - Get Accessor: Used to return the property value.


 - Set Accessor: Used to assign a new value to the property.

Defining Properties

class Person
{
private string name; // Private field

// Property to get and set the value of 'name'


public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
}

In this example:

 - The name field is private, meaning it cannot be accessed directly.


 - The Name property is public, providing a controlled way to access the name field using
get and set methods.

Auto-Implemented Properties

class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; } // Auto-implemented property
public int Age { get; private set; } // Read-only property
}

Read-Only Properties

class Car
{
public string Model { get; }
public string Make { get; }

// Constructor initializes read-only properties


public Car(string model, string make)
{
Model = model;
Make = make;
}
}

Computed Properties

class Rectangle
{
public double Width { get; set; }
public double Height { get; set; }

// Computed property
public double Area
{
get { return Width * Height; }
}
}

3.8 Static Members


Static members of a class belong to the class itself rather than to any specific instance. Static
members are shared across all instances of a class.

Static Fields

class Employee
{
public static int employeeCount = 0;
public Employee()
{
employeeCount++; // Increment static field for each new object
}
}

Static Methods

class MathUtility
{
public static int Add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
}

3.9 Namespaces
Namespaces in C# are used to organize code and avoid name conflicts. A namespace
provides a way to group related classes, interfaces, and other types.

Defining a Namespace

namespace Company.Project
{
class Employee
{
public string Name { get; set; }
}
}

3.10 Structs vs. Classes


In C#, structs are similar to classes, but they are value types, whereas classes are reference
types.

Differences Between Structs and Classes:


 - Structs are value types.
 - Classes are reference types.

struct Point
{
public int X;
public int Y;

public Point(int x, int y)


{
X = x;
Y = y;
}
}

Point point1 = new Point(10, 20);


Point point2 = point1; // A copy is made
point2.X = 30;
Console.WriteLine(point1.X); // Output: 10 (original remains unchanged)

3.11 Enumerations (Enums)


An enum is a special "class" that represents a group of constants (unchangeable/read-only
variables). It’s used to define a set of named integral constants that represent a type of data
that does not change.

Example of an enum:

enum DayOfWeek
{
Sunday,
Monday,
Tuesday,
Wednesday,
Thursday,
Friday,
Saturday
}

DayOfWeek today = DayOfWeek.Wednesday;

Exercises
Exercise 1: Static Members

Create a Book class with a static field bookCount that keeps track of how many Book objects
are created. Each time a new Book is instantiated, increase the bookCount by one.

Exercise 2: Working with Properties


Create a Student class with properties for Name, Age, and Grade. Use auto-implemented
properties for Name and Grade, and create a read-only property for Age that is set through
the constructor.

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