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Motion Lab Activity

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Ylaissa Geronimo
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14 views

Motion Lab Activity

Uploaded by

Ylaissa Geronimo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: _____________________________________ Date: ________ Score: _____

Kinematics Lab Activity


Part 1. Speed of a Toy Car
In this lab activity, you will determine the speed of your toy car.
Materials: Toy Car, Ramp, Tape, Stopwatch, Meter Stick
Procedure:
1. Mark off the following distances on the floor with tape: 0 meters, 50 cm, 100
cm, and 150 cm.
2. Set up your ramp so the bottom is at the 0 meter mark. Place the car at the
top of the ramp. Release the car.
3. When the front of the car reaches the 0 meter mark, start your timer. Then,
stop the timer when the front of the car reaches the 50-cm mark. Record the
time in the table on the back.
4. Repeat this procedure for 2 more trials.
5. Calculate the average time and record it in the table. (Add up time trials for
that distance and divide by 3.)
6. Calculate the average speed and record it in the table.
7. Repeat steps 1-6 for the 100-cm mark and 150-cm mark.
Draw your toy car activity set-up.
Predict: If you record the time it takes for the car to move 50 centimeters and then record the
time it takes to move 150 centimeters, will there be a difference in the speed of the car
between the two runs? Explain your prediction:

Results:
Distance Time trial Time trial Time trial Average Average
travelled 1 (sec) 2 (sec) 3 (sec) time (sec) speed
(cm) (cm/s)
50
100
150

Questions:
1. Was there a significant difference in the speed of the car while it traveled 50
cm versus 150 cm? Explain why.

2. What happens to the time of travel of the car if the distance that the car
moves increases?

3. As the car moves away from the starting point (0 cm) what happens to its
speed?
4. What is the reason for doing the experiment with multiple trials?

Part Two. Newton’s Second Law of Motion


Objectives:
1. To determine the relationship between the acceleration and the mass of a
body upon being acted by a constant force.
2. To determine the relationship between the force and acceleration of a
moving body of constant mass.

Theory:
It was Sir Isaac Newton who first expressed the relationship of force to
motion and the results of his diverse observations in mechanics were combined
into three fundamental laws.
Newton’s 2nd law of motion states that “an unbalanced force acting on a body
produces acceleration in the direction of the force. The acceleration is directly
proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
This law may be expressed mathematically as F = ma where F = force, m =
mass and a= acceleration.
Materials:
Wooden plane with pulley
Triple beam balance
Meterstick
Dynamic cart
Slotted weights
String
Procedure:
Mass and acceleration
1. Determine the mass of the dynamic cart using a triple-beam balance.
2. Set the dynamic cart, wooden plane with pulley, string and hanging
weight as shown in the setup.
3. Hold the cart in place, with the assigned weight hanging at the end of the
string.
4. Measure the time required for the cart to travel the distance.
5. Compute for the acceleration of the cart.
6. Repeat the steps, but this time, load the cart with additional mass.
Continue using loads until the 6th trial.
7. Record all data obtained.
8. Graph the acceleration versus the total mass.

Force and acceleration


1. Set up the dynamic cart, the hanging weight and the string as shown in
the illustration.
2. One group member holds the cart in place while another places an
assigned weight as a hanging mass.
3. Release the cart and measure the distance the cart moves during the
time.
4. Repeat the same steps, but this time reducing the hanging mass.
5. Compute for the acceleration of the cart for every trial you have made.
6. Graph acceleration versus force.
Mass and acceleration data
Trial Total Mass Time Distance Acceleration
1 g sec cm cm/sec2
2 g sec cm cm/sec2
3 g sec cm cm/sec2
4 g sec cm cm/sec2
5 g sec cm cm/sec2
6 g sec cm cm/sec2
Graphs and Computations:
Force and acceleration
Trial Force Distance Acceleration
(hanging
mass)
1 g cm cm/sec2
2 g cm cm/sec2
3 g cm cm/sec2
4 g cm cm/sec2
5 g cm cm/sec2
6 g cm cm/sec2

Graphs and Computations:


Questions
1. What happens to the acceleration of the cart as you vary (increase or
decrease) the mass of the load on it?

2. Basing on the graphs you draw, describe the relationship between


acceleration and mass.

3. Give at least three (3) applications of Newton’s 2nd law of motion.

4. What is the mass of an object if it weighs 1050 N on Earth.

Conclusions:

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