mock hl complex [83 marks]

1. The complex numbers w and z satisfy the equations [7 marks]

w
z
= 2i
z∗ − 3w = 5 + 5i.
Find w and z in the form a + bi where a , b ∈ Z.

Markscheme
substituting w = 2iz into z∗ − 3w = 5 + 5i M1
z∗ − 6iz = 5 + 5i A1
let z = x + yi
comparing real and imaginary parts of (x − yi) − 6i (x + yi) = 5 + 5i M1
to obtain x + 6y = 5 and −6x − y = 5 A1
attempting to solve for x and y) M1
x = −1 and y = 1 so z = −1 + i A1
hence w = −2 − 2i A1
[7 marks]

2. Consider the quartic equation z 4 + 4z 3 + 8z 2 + 80z + 400 = 0, z ∈ C. [8 marks]

Two of the roots of this equation are a + bi and b + ai , where a, b ∈ Z.
Find the possible values of a .
 Markscheme
METHOD 1
other two roots are a − bi and b − ai A1
sum of roots = −4 and product of roots = 400 A1
attempt to set sum of four roots equal to −4 or 4 OR
attempt to set product of four roots equal to 400 M1
a + bi + a − bi + b + ai + b − ai = −4
2a + 2b = −4(⇒ a + b = −2) A1
(a + bi)(a − bi)(b + ai)(b − ai) = 400
2
(a2 + b2 ) = 400 A1
a2 + b2 = 20
attempt to solve simultaneous equations (M1)
a = 2 or a = −4 A1A1
METHOD 2
a − bi and b − ai A1
other two roots are
(z −(a + bi))(z −(a − bi))(z −(b + ai))(z −(b − ai))(= 0) A1
((z − a)2 + b2 )((z − b)2 + a2 )(= 0)

(z 2 − 2az + a2 + b2 )(z 2 − 2bz + b2 + a2 )(= 0) A1

Attempt to equate coefficient of z 3 and constant with the given quartic
equation M1
2
−2a − 2b = 4 and (a2 + b2 ) = 400 A1
attempt to solve simultaneous equations (M1)
a = 2 or a = −4 A1A1
[8 marks]

2z
3. Consider the equation
3−z*
= i, where z = x + iy and x, y ∈ R. [5 marks]

Find the value of x and the value of y.

 Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
substituting z = x + iy and z* = x − iy M1
2 ( x+iy )
3− ( x−iy )
=i
2x + 2iy = −y + i(3 − x)
equate real and imaginary: M1
y = −2x AND 2y = 3 − x A1

Note: If they multiply top and bottom by the conjugate, the equations
6x − 2x2 + 2y 2 = 0 and 6y − 4xy = (3 − x)2 + y 2 may be seen. Allow for
A1 .

solving simultaneously:
x = −1, y = 2 (z = −1 + 2i) A1A1

[5 marks]

4. Let P (z) = az 3 − 37z 2 + 66z − 10, where z ∈ C and a ∈ Z. [6 marks]

One of the roots of P (z) = 0 is 3 + i. Find the value of a.

Markscheme
METHOD 1
one other root is 3−i A1
let third root be α (M1)
considering sum or product of roots (M1)
37
sum of roots = 6+α= a
A1
10
product of roots = 10α = a
A1
hence a=6 A1

METHOD 2
one other root is 3−i A1
quadratic factor will be z 2
− 6z + 10 (M1)A1
P (z) = az 3 − 37z 2 + 66z − 10 = (z 2 − 6z + 10) (az − 1) M1
comparing coefficients (M1)
hence a=6 A1

METHOD 3
substitute 3 + i into P (z) (M1)
a (18 + 26i) − 37 (8 + 6i) + 66 (3 + i) − 10 = 0 (M1)A1
equating real or imaginary parts or dividing M1
10−66(3+i)+37(8+6i)
18a − 296 + 198 − 10 = 0 or 26a − 222 + 66 = 0 or 18+26i
A1
hence a=6 A1

[6 marks]

5 4 3 2 R
 Consider the equation x5 − 3x4 + mx3 + nx2 + px + q = 0, where m, n, p, q ∈ R
.
The equation has three distinct real roots which can be written as log2 a, log2 b
and log2 c.
The equation also has two imaginary roots, one of which is di where d ∈ R.

5a. Show that abc = 8. [5 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
recognition of the other root = −di (A1)
log2 a + log2 b + log2 c + di − di = 3 M1A1
Note: Award M1 for sum of the roots, A1 for 3. Award A0M1A0 for just
log2 a + log2 b + log2 c = 3.
log2 abc = 3 (M1)

⇒ abc = 23 A1
abc = 8 AG
[5 marks]

The values a, b, and c are consecutive terms in a geometric sequence.

5b. Show that one of the real roots is equal to 1. [3 marks]

 Markscheme
METHOD 1
let the geometric series be u1 , u1 r, u1 r2

(u1 r)3 = 8 M1
u1 r = 2 A1
hence one of the roots is log2 2 = 1 R1

METHOD 2
b
a
= cb
b2 = ac ⇒ b3 = abc = 8 M1
b=2 A1
hence one of the roots is log2 2 = 1 R1

[3 marks]

5c. Given that q = 8d 2 , find the other two real roots. [9 marks]
Markscheme
METHOD 1
product of the roots is r1 × r2 × 1 × di × −di = −8d 2 (M1)(A1)
r1 × r2 = −8 A1
sum of the roots is r1 + r2 + 1 + di + −di = 3 (M1)(A1)
r1 + r2 = 2 A1
solving simultaneously (M1)
r1 = −2, r2 = 4 A1A1

METHOD 2
product of the roots log2 a × log2 b × log2 c × di × −di = −8d 2 M1A1
log2 a × log2 b × log2 c = −8 A1
EITHER
a, b, c can be written as 2r , 2, 2r M1

(log2 2r ) (log2 2) (log2 2r) = −8

attempt to solve M1
(1 − log2 r) (1 + log2 r) = −8
log2 r = ±3
r = 18 , 8 A1A1
OR
4
a, b, c can be written as a, 2, a
M1

(log2 a) (log2 2) (log2 4a ) = −8

attempt to solve M1
a = 14 , 16 A1A1
THEN
a and c are 14 , 16 (A1)
roots are −2, 4 A1

[9 marks]

4 3 2 R
6. Consider the equation z 4 + az 3 + bz 2 + cz + d = 0, where a, b, c, d ∈ R [7 marks]
and z ∈ C.
Two of the roots of the equation are log26 and i√3 and the sum of all the roots is
3 + log23.
Show that 6a + d + 12 = 0.

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
−i√3 is a root (A1)
3 + log2 3 − log2 6 (= 3 + log2 12 = 3 − 1 = 2) is a root (A1)
sum of roots: −a= 3 + log2 3 ⇒ a = −3 − log2 3 M1
Note: Award M1 for use of −a is equal to the sum of the roots, do not award if
minus is missing.
Note: If expanding the factored form of the equation, award M1 for equating
a to the coefficient of z 3 .

product of roots: (−1)

4
d = 2 (log2 6) (i√3) (−i√3) M1

= 6 log2 6 A1
Note: Award M1A0 for d = −6 log2 6

6a + d + 12 = −18 − 6 log2 3 + 6 log2 6 + 12

EITHER
= −6 + 6 log2 2 = 0 M1A1AG
Note: M1 is for a correct use of one of the log laws.
OR
= −6 − 6 log2 3 + 6 log2 3 + 6 log2 2 = 0 M1A1AG
Note: M1 is for a correct use of one of the log laws.

[7 marks]

7. Determine the roots of the equation (z + 2i)3 = 216i , z ∈ C, giving the [7 marks]
answers in the form z = a√3 + bi where a, b ∈ Z.
Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1
π
216i = 216 (cos 2 + i sin π2 ) A1
1
z + 2i = √216 (cos( π2 + 2πk) = i sin( π2 + 2πk)) 3
3
(M1)

z + 2i = 6 (cos( π6 + 2πk
3
) + i sin( π6 + 2πk
3
)) A1

+ i sin π6 ) = 6 ( + 2i ) = 3√3 + 3i
π √3
z1 + 2i = 6 (cos 6 2

= 6( + 2i ) = −3√3 + 3i
5π 5π −√3
z2 + 2i = 6 (cos 6
+ i sin 6
) 2
3π 3π
z3 + 2i = 6 (cos 2 + i sin 2 ) = −6i A2

Note: Award A1A0 for one correct root.

so roots are z1 = 3√3 + i, z2 = −3√3 + i and z3 = −8i M1A1

Note: Award M1 for subtracting 2i from their three roots.

METHOD 2
3
(a√3 + (b + 2)i) = 216i
3 2
(a√3) + 3(a√3) (b + 2)i − 3 (a√3) (b + 2)2 − i(b + 2)3 = 216i
M1A1
3 2
(a√3) − 3 (a√3) (b + 2)2 + i (3(a√3) (b + 2) − (b + 2)3 ) = 216i

3 2
(a√3) − 3 (a√3) (b + 2)2 = 0 and 3(a√3) (b + 2) − (b + 2)3 = 216
M1A1

a (a2 − (b + 2)2 ) = 0 and 9a2 (b + 2) − (b + 2)3 = 216

a = 0 or a2 = (b + 2)2
if a = 0, − (b + 2)3 = 216 ⇒ b + 2 = −6
∴ = −8
∴ b = −8 A1
(a, b) = (0, − 8)
if a 2 = (b + 2)2 , 9(b + 2)2 (b + 2) − (b + 2)3 = 216
8(b + 2)3 = 216
(b + 2)3 = 27
b+2=3
b=1
∴ a2 = 9 ⇒ a = ±3
∴ (a, b) = (±3, 1) A1A1
so roots are z1 = 3√3 + i, z2 = −3√3 + i and z3 = −8i

METHOD 3
(z + 2i)3 − (−6i)3 = 0
attempt to factorise: M1

((z + 2i) − (−6i)) ((z + 2i)2 + (z + 2i)(−6i) + (−6i)2 ) = 0 A1

(z + 8i)(z 2 − 2iz − 28) = 0 A1

z + 8i = 0 ⇒ z = −8i A1
2i±√−4−(4×1×−28)
z 2 − 2iz − 28 = 0 ⇒ z = 2 M1
2i±√108
z= 2
2i±6√3
z= 2
z = i ± 3√3 A1A1

Special Case:
Note: If a candidate recognises that √216i
3
= −6i (anywhere seen), and
makes no valid progress in finding three roots, award A1 only.

[7 marks]

3
 Let ω be one of the non-real solutions of the equation z 3 = 1.

8a. Determine the value of [4 marks]

(i) 1 + ω + ω2 ;
(ii) 1 + ω* + (ω*)2 .

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
(i) METHOD 1
1−ω3
1 + ω + ω2 = 1−ω
=0 A1

as ω≠1 R1
METHOD 2
−1±√3i
solutions of 1 − ω3 = 0 are ω = 1, ω = 2 A1
verification that the sum of these roots is 0 R1
(ii) 1 + ω* + (ω*)2 = 0 A2
[4 marks]

8b. Show that (ω − 3ω2 )(ω2 − 3ω) = 13. [4 marks]

 Markscheme
(ω − 3ω2 )(ω2 − 3ω) = −3ω4 + 10ω3 − 3ω2 M1A1
EITHER
= −3ω2 (ω2 + ω + 1) + 13ω3 M1
= −3ω2 × 0 + 13 × 1 A1
OR
= −3ω + 10 − 3ω2 = −3(ω2 + ω + 1) + 13 M1
= −3 × 0 + 13 A1
OR
−1±√3i
substitution by ω= 2 in any form M1
numerical values of each term seen A1
THEN
= 13 AG
[4 marks]

Consider the complex numbers p = 1 − 3i and q = x + (2x + 1)i, where x ∈ R.

8c. Find the values of x that satisfy the equation |p| = |q|. [5 marks]

Markscheme
|p| = |q| ⇒ √12 + 32 = √x2 + (2x + 1)2 (M1)(A1)

5x2 + 4x − 9 = 0 A1
(5x + 9)(x − 1) = 0 (M1)
x = 1, x = − 95 A1
[5 marks]

8d. Solve the inequality Re(pq) + 8 < (Im(pq))2 . [6 marks]

 Markscheme
pq = (1 − 3i) (x + (2x + 1)i) = (7x + 3) + (1 − x)i M1A1

Re(pq) + 8 < (Im(pq))2 ⇒ (7x + 3) + 8 < (1 − x)2 M1

⇒ x2 − 9x − 10 > 0 A1
⇒ (x + 1)(x − 10) > 0 M1
x < −1, x > 10 A1
[6 marks]

Two distinct roots for the equation z 4 − 10z 3 + az 2 + bz + 50 = 0 are c + i and

2 + id where a, b, c, d ∈ R, d > 0.

9a. Write down the other two roots in terms of c and d. [1 mark]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
other two roots are c − i and 2 − id A1
[1 mark]

9b. Find the value of c and the value of d. [6 marks]

 Markscheme
METHOD 1
use of sum of roots (M1)
2c + 4 = 10
c = 3 A1
use of product of roots M1
product is (c + i)(c − i)(2 + id)(2 − id) A1
(c2 + 1)(4 + d 2 ) [= 10(4 + d 2 )] = 50 A1
Note: The line above can be awarded if they have used their value of c.
d=1 A1
METHOD 2
z 4 − 10z 3 + az 2 + bz + 50 = (z 2 − 2cz + c2 + 1)(z 2 − 4z + 4 + d 2 )
M1A1
compare constant terms or coefficients of z 3 (M1)
4 + 2c = 10
(c2 + 1)(4 + d 2 ) = 50 A1
c = 3, d = 1 A1A1
[6 marks]

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