Scott-complex number [255 marks]

2z
1. Consider the equation
3−z*
= i, where z = x + iy and x, y ∈ R. [5 marks]

Find the value of x and the value of y.

11 11
 11π 11π π
Consider the complex numbers z1 = cos 12 + i sin 12 and z2 = cos 6
+ i sin π6 .

2a. Find z 1 . [2 marks]

z2

2b. Find z 2 . [1 mark]

z1

z z
 z1 z2
2c. 0, z2
and z1
O, A and B respectively on [2 marks]
are represented by three points
an Argand diagram. Determine the area of the triangle OAB.

4 C
 Consider the equation z 4 = −4, where z ∈ C.

3a. Solve the equation, giving the solutions in the form a + ib, where [5 marks]
a, b ∈ R.
3b. The solutions form the vertices of a polygon in the complex plane. Find [2 marks]
the area of the polygon.

3 2 C Z
4. Let P (z) = az 3 − 37z 2 + 66z − 10, where z ∈ C and a ∈ Z. [6 marks]

One of the roots of P (z) = 0 is 3 + i. Find the value of a.

5 4 3 2 R
 Consider the equation x5 − 3x4 + mx3 + nx2 + px + q = 0, where m, n, p, q ∈ R
.
The equation has three distinct real roots which can be written as log2 a, log2 b
and log2 c.
The equation also has two imaginary roots, one of which is di where d ∈ R.

5a. Show that abc = 8. [5 marks]

 The values a, b, and c are consecutive terms in a geometric sequence.

5b. Show that one of the real roots is equal to 1. [3 marks]

2
5c. Given that q = 8d 2 , find the other two real roots. [9 marks]

πi
 = 4e 2 i , giving your answers in the form
π
Solve z 2

6a. reiθ where r, θ ∈ R, r > 0. [3 marks]

6b. a + ib where a, b ∈ R. [2 marks]

= + i b ∈ R+ arg =
 Let z = a + bi, a, b ∈ R+ and let arg z = θ.

7a. Show the points represented by z and z − 2a on the following Argand [1 mark]
diagram.

7b. Find an expression in terms of θ for arg (z − 2a). [1 mark]

7c.
Find an expression in terms of θ for arg ( z−2
z ).
a
[2 marks]

( )
7d.
Hence or otherwise find the value of θ for which Re ( z−2
z ) = 0.
a
[3 marks]

8a. Find the roots of the equation w3 = 8i, w ∈ C. Give your answers in [4 marks]
Cartesian form.

Re ( )=0
8b. One of the roots w1 satisfies the condition Re (w1 ) = 0. [3 marks]
Given that w1 = z , express
z −i
z in the form a + bi, where a, b ∈ Q.

24 π
9a. Find the roots of z 24
= 1 which satisfy the condition 0 < arg (z) < π [5 marks]
2
, expressing your answers in the form reiθ , where r, θ ∈ R+ .
 Let S be the sum of the roots found in part (a).

9b. Show that Re S = Im S. [4 marks]

9c. π √ a+√b [3 marks]

By writing 12 as ( π4 − π6 ), find the value of cos 12
π
in the form c
, where a , b and c are integers to be determined.

( )( )
 Hence, or otherwise, show that S = 12 (1 + √2) (1 + √3) (1 + i).
9d. [4 marks]

Consider w = 2 (cos π3 + i sin π3 )

10a. Express w2 and w3 in modulus-argument form. [3 marks]

0 1 2
10b. Sketch on an Argand diagram the points represented by w0 , w1 , w2 [2 marks]
and w3.

These four points form the vertices of a quadrilateral, Q .

10c. 21√3 [3 marks]

Show that the area of the quadrilateral Q is 2 .

π π
Z+
10d. Letz = 2 (cos πn + i sin πn ) , n ∈ Z+ . The points represented on an [6 marks]
Argand diagram by z 0 , z 1 , z 2 , … , z n form the vertices of a polygon Pn .
Show that the area of the polygon Pn can be expressed in the form
a (bn − 1) sin πn , where a, b ∈ R.

= +i , = +i
 Consider the distinct complex numbers z = a + ib, w = c + id, where
a, b, c, d ∈ R.

11a. Find the real part of z +w . [4 marks]

z −w

11b. Find the value of the real part of z +w when |z| = |w|. [2 marks]
z −w

2+7i
 2+7i
Consider the complex number z = 6+2i .

12a. Express z in the form a + ib, where a, b ∈ Q. [2 marks]

12b. Find the exact value of the modulus of z. [2 marks]

12c. Find the argument of z, giving your answer to 4 decimal places. [2 marks]

13. Determine the roots of the equation (z + 2i)3 = 216i , z ∈ C, giving the [7 marks]
answers in the form z = a√3 + bi where a, b ∈ Z.
 z1
Consider the complex numbers z1 = 1 + √3i,z2 = 1 + i and w = z2
.

14a. By expressing z1 and z2 in modulus-argument form write down the [3 marks]

modulus of w;

14b. By expressing z1 and z2 in modulus-argument form write down the [1 mark]

argument of w.

n
14c. Find the smallest positive integer value of n, such that wn is a real [2 marks]
number.

15a. Solve 2 sin(x + 60∘ ) = cos(x + 30∘ ), 0∘ ⩽ x ⩽ 180∘ . [5 marks]

∘ ∘ 1
15b. Show that sin 105∘ 1
+ cos 105∘ = . [3 marks]
√2

= 1 − cos 2 − i sin 2 , ∈ C, 0 ⩽ ⩽
 Let z = 1 − cos 2θ − i sin 2θ, z ∈ C, 0 ⩽ θ ⩽ π.

15c. Find the modulus and argument of z in terms of θ. Express each answer [9 marks]
in its simplest form.
15d. Hence find the cube roots of z in modulus-argument form. [5 marks]

16. In the following Argand diagram the point A represents the complex [4 marks]
number −1 + 4i and the point B represents the complex number
−3 + 0i. The shape of ABCD is a square. Determine the complex numbers
represented by the points C and D.

3
 Let ω be one of the non-real solutions of the equation z 3 = 1.

17a. Determine the value of [4 marks]

(i) 1 + ω + ω2 ;
(ii) 1 + ω* + (ω*)2 .

2 2
17b. Show that (ω − 3ω2 )(ω2 − 3ω) = 13. [4 marks]

Consider the complex numbers p = 1 − 3i and q = x + (2x + 1)i, where x ∈ R.

17c. Find the values of x that satisfy the equation |p| = |q|. [5 marks]
17d. Solve the inequality Re(pq) + 8 < (Im(pq))2 . [6 marks]

18a. Use de Moivre’s theorem to find the value of (cos( π ) + i sin( π ))3 . [2 marks]
3 3
18b. Use mathematical induction to prove that [6 marks]

(cos θ − i sin θ)n = cos nθ − i sin nθ for n ∈ Z+ .

Let z = cos θ + i sin θ.

18c. Find an expression in terms of θ for (z)n + (z*)n , n ∈ Z+ where z* is [2 marks]

the complex conjugate of z.

*=1
18d. (i) Show that zz* = 1. [5 marks]
(ii) Write down the binomial expansion of (z + z*)3 in terms of z and z*.
(iii) Hence show that cos 3θ = 4 cos3 θ − 3 cos θ.

18e. Hence solve 4 cos3 θ − 2 cos2 θ − 3 cos θ + 1 = 0 for 0 ⩽ θ < π. [6 marks]

2 2
 2π 2π
Let w = cos 7
+ i sin 7
.

19a. Verify that w is a root of the equation z 7 − 1 = 0, z ∈ C. [3 marks]

19b. (i) Expand (w − 1)(1 + w + w2 + w3 + w4 + w5 + w6 ). [3 marks]

(ii) Hence deduce that 1 + w + w2 + w3 + w4 + w5 + w6 = 0.

7 C
19c. Write down the roots of the equation z 7 − 1 = 0, z ∈ C in terms of w [3 marks]
and plot these roots on an Argand diagram.

2 R C
 Consider the quadratic equation z 2 + bz + c = 0 where b, c ∈ R, z ∈ C. The roots
of this equation are α and α∗ where α∗ is the complex conjugate of α.

19d. (i) Given that α = w + w2 + w4 , show that α∗ = w6 + w5 + w3 . [10 marks]

(ii) Find the value of b and the value of c.
19e. Using the values for b and c obtained in part (d)(ii), find the imaginary [4 marks]
part of α, giving your answer in surd form.

Two distinct roots for the equation z 4 − 10z 3 + az 2 + bz + 50 = 0 are c + i and

2 + id where a, b, c, d ∈ R, d > 0.

20a. Write down the other two roots in terms of c and d. [1 mark]
20b. Find the value of c and the value of d. [6 marks]

21a. Solve the equation z 3 = 8i, z ∈ C giving your answers in the form [6 marks]
z = r(cos θ + i sin θ) and in the form z = a + bi where a, b ∈ R.

= 1+i
21b. Consider the complex numbers z1 = 1 + i and [11 marks]
z2 = 2 (cos( π2 ) + i sin( π6 )).
(i) Write z1 in the formr(cos θ + i sin θ).
(ii) Calculate z1 z2 and write in the form z = a + bi where a, b ∈ R.

(iii) Hence find the value of tan 512π in the form c + d√3, where c, d ∈ Z.
(iv) Find the smallest value p > 0 such that (z2 )p is a positive real number.

22a. Find three distinct roots of the equation 8z 3 + 27 = 0, z ∈ C giving [6 marks]

your answers in modulus-argument form.
22b. The roots are represented by the vertices of a triangle in an Argand [3 marks]
diagram.
27√3
Show that the area of the triangle is 16
.

23a. (i) Use the binomial theorem to expand (cos θ + i sin θ)5 . [6 marks]
(ii) Hence use De Moivre’s theorem to prove

sin 5θ = 5 cos4 θ sin θ − 10 cos2 θ sin3 θ + sin5 θ.

(iii) State a similar expression for cos 5θ in terms of cos θ and sin θ.

= (cos + i sin )
 Let z = r(cos α + i sin α), where α is measured in degrees, be the solution of
z5 − 1 = 0 which has the smallest positive argument.

23b. Find the value of r and the value of α. [4 marks]

23c. Using (a) (ii) and your answer from (b) show that [4 marks]
16 sin4 α − 20 sin2 α + 5 = 0.

23d. √a+b√ c [5 marks]

Hence express sin 72∘ in the form d
where a, b, c, d ∈ Z.

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