Scribd
Upload
14 views3 pages

Solving For The Anti Derivative Using Quadratic Expression

Notes in calculus

Uploaded by

Jayvhan Balutoc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views3 pages

Solving For The Anti Derivative Using Quadratic Expression

Notes in calculus

Uploaded by

Jayvhan Balutoc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

CALCULUS II

Module for Finals, Second Semester SY 2021-2022 LESSON 2.7

2.7. INTEGRANDS INVOLVING QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS

Consider the problem of evaluating an integral which takes the general form
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ √𝑓𝑥 𝑑𝑥, ∫ , or ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)
√𝑓𝑥
Where f(x) is a quadratic expression in x. The process of completing the square is an
important aid in evaluating this type of integral. By completing the square, the quadratic
expression is transformed into the sum (or difference) of two squares. Then the Appropriate
standard formula can be pick up from the list of formulas (above) to finally evaluate the integral
in question.

𝑑𝑥
Example1. Evaluate ∫
4𝑥 2 +12𝑥+25
Solution: By completing the square, we get
4𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 25 = (4𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 9) + 16
= (2𝑥 + 3)2 + 16
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1
Hence, ∫ 4𝑥 2 +12𝑥+25 = ∫ (2𝑥+3)2 +16 by SF1: a=4, u=2x+3, du=2dx and nf=
2
1 1 2𝑥+3
= . arctan + 𝑐
2 4 4
1 2𝑥+3
= arctan +𝑐
8 4

Example 2. Evaluate ∫ √5 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Solution: 5 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 5 − (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
= 9 − (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4)
= 9 − (𝑥 + 2)2

Hence, ∫ √5 − 4𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = √9 − (𝑥 + 2)2 by SF6: a=3 u=x+2, du=dx

𝑥+2 9 𝑥+2
= √9 − (𝑥 + 2)2 + arcsin +𝑐
2 2 3

𝑑𝑥
Example 3. ∫
𝑥 2 −8𝑥+7
Solution: 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 7 = (𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16) − 9
= (𝑥 − 4)2 − 9
Hence,
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑥 2 −8𝑥+7 = ∫ (𝑥−4)2−9 by SF2: a=3, u=x-4, du=dx
1 𝑥−4−3
= ln | |+ 𝑐
2(3) 𝑥−4+3
1 𝑥−7
= ln | |+𝑐
6 𝑥−1

𝑔(𝑥) 𝑔(𝑥)
Next, consider the integral of the form ∫ 𝑑𝑥 or ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) √𝑓(𝑥)

Where g(x) is linear in x and f(x) is quadratic in x To evaluate this type of integral, we must be
able to reduce it to a form for which a standard integration formula can be applied.
2𝑥+9
Example 4. ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 +2𝑥+5
Solution: Note that if we let u=𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 then we see that du=(2x+2)dx. This lead us to the
“trick” of writing the numerator 2x+9 into the form (2x+2)+7. Thus

2𝑥+9 (2𝑥+2)+7
∫ 𝑥 2+2𝑥+5 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 2+2𝑥+5 𝑑𝑥
(2𝑥+2) 𝑑𝑥
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 + 7 ∫
𝑥 2 +2𝑥+5 𝑥 2 +2𝑥+5

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 = (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1) + 4
= (𝑥 + 1)2 + 4

Page | 1
CALCULUS II
Module for Finals, Second Semester SY 2021-2022 LESSON 2.7

(2𝑥+2) 𝑑𝑥
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 + 7 ∫ (𝑥+1)2
𝑥 2 +2𝑥+5 +4

By I5 By SF1: a=2, u=x+1 and du=dx

1 𝑥+1
= ln|𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5|+ 7. arctan +𝑐
2 2
7 𝑥+1
= ln|𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5|+ arctan + 𝑐
2 2

Page | 2
CALCULUS II
Module for Finals, Second Semester SY 2021-2022 LESSON 2.7

ASSIGNMENT 8. Solve the following in a clean sheet of paper. Take a clear picture then turn in
to our google classroom.

𝑑𝑥
1. Evaluate ∫
𝑥 2 −3𝑥+2

Page | 3

You might also like