DATASTRUCTURES AND ALGORITHMS (II

SEMESTER ECE 2023-24) MTE (TIME: ONE HOUR 30 MINUTES)

1. For implementing stack, write
functions for initialize, push, pop,
main program, create three stacks: stacka, stackb, stackc with emptystack and fullstack. In the
write a program to transfer the contents of stacka to stackc in thestack tops as topa, topb, topc and
same order using above functions
oniy. (youcan use stackb to perform this operation, please note it is not
Tower of. Hanoi program).
2. Implement furnctions related to circular queue (initializeq, enterq, deleteq, fullq,
emptyq and printg). +n.
3. a) Write a recursive function to implement Tower of Hanoi'.
b) Write access function formula for one-dimension and two
dimension array.
4. Write function for Selection sort and Insertion sort.

5. Write functions for bubble sort and binary search.

 ECT 204: Elcctromagnetic Ficld Theory
Odd Senester 2023 Mid Teru Exanuination
Date: 21 September 2023
Tine Limit: 1hour and 30 minutes
Instructions

The total number of uarks is 30. The reasoning answers should be brief. For exauple, 4 inarks
reasoning quest ion should be answered in not more than four sentences. This is an open notes exarm (No
book or printed material is allowed). The usage of all electronic items/gadgets are prohibited
CXCept the scientilic calculatoIS.

1 (15 arks) Answer the following qucstions according to their marks.

Derive the current contiuity equation from the Maxwell's equations.
Convert then to int egral fon. Explain the physical significance of
cch term. (6 Marks)
How will you classify a material as a diclectric, conduetor or magnetie
based on Maxwell's cquatious? (3 Marks)
Why thedivergeuce of uaguetic fux deusity is always zero? (2 Marks)
Why uunifor1 plane waves canot be realized physically? (2Marks)
What is the unit of a physical quantity obtained by computing the line
iutegral of asurface currcnt density? The path of line integral lies on
thesae surfacc as that of the current deusity. (2 Marks)

2 (5 narks) As an electromagneties engineer, you have to design a metallie

shiclded rectangular box. The aterial to be used is alunium with con
ductivity a -3.7 x10s/m and relative per1neability as that of the air.
Tle detiomaguetie fiekl wlhich «ls to lbe shielded is a umiforu pla1e
wave at a frequeIy of 1MHz. If the shiclding reduccs the external clcctric
ficld by 10 ", caleulate the minimunthickness of tlhe walls of the designed
shiclded box. If you use iron (o = lx 10°S/m and e, = 100) instead, what
0s the size reduction in percentage of the previously cOmputel thickness of
the wall?

3. (5 Iatkes) Aucletie fd of iut lisity E, is established in fre space (per

nittivity ) with magnitude reprsented by E Tl1e cloctrie ield has
ECT 204: EMFT MTE OS 2023 - 1Page 2 of 2 21 September 2023

coiponents along t and 2 directioIS and makes an angle of 45 relative to

2 axis. A dielectric medium exists in the three
dimensional space starting
at 2= 0 till z = 0represented as region 1. If the clectric field E has
a magnitude 5Eo and makes an angle of 60° w.r.t to z axis, compute the
relative permittivity of the region 1 in terms of ¬y.
4. (5 marks) The instantaneous magnetic fux density in free space is given by

B= Bsin(2y)cos(wt - z)î +B,sin(2x)cos(wt - Tz)ý

where B, and B, are Constants. Assuming there are no sources at the
observation points z, y, determine the clectric displacement current density.
 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
III sem B.Tech.(ECE) 16th September, 2023
22ECT- 201: Analog Communication Time: 1030-1200 hrs.
Mid-term cxan Max. marks: 30

1. CO1-To familiarize the students about different analog modulation and demodulation
schemes
2. CO2- To understand analog-digital conversion techniques.
3. CO3- To analyze the performance of different modulation techniques under noise.
4. CO4- To apply the concept of probability and random processes in analysis of
communication systems.
5. CO5- To performn noise analysis of communication systems

Q.1(a) Let the Fourier transform of a message signal m(t) be M() as plotted below.
Evaluate the following
(1) rm(t) = m(t) ( )
(ii) m{) = m(t) + jrin(t)
(ii) m(t) = m(t) eæpl-j2n ft)]
(iv) m(t) in terms of its in-phase and the quadrature components
(v) Outputs of the two low-pass filters of the block diagram shown below

(b) Shown below is the aquare law modulator.

producing
() Explain how the non-lincarcharacteristic of the device is helpful in
the squared output?
(ii) Plot the voltages Va(f) and V)
 Q.2(a) The carrier waveform consumes at least
two-third of the total power of an
amplitude modulated (AM) signal? Prove it.
Even with such a wastage of power, why was this
for transmission? modulation scheme preferred

(b) Consider the base-band signal m(t) with the

below.
spectrum shown in the figure

The message band width W= 1KHz. This signal is

applied to a
modulator together with a carrier wave A. cos(2rft), producing theproduct
double
sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) modulated wave s(t).
At the receiver this modulated wave is applied to a
coherent detector.
Assuming perfect synchronism between the carrier waves within themodulator
and detector, determine the spectrum of the detector
output when
(i) the carrier frequency fe = 1.25 KHz
(ii) the carrier frequency f. = 0.75 KHz

Q.3(a) A carrier is angle modulated by two sinusoidal modulating waveforms

So that simultaneously
s(t) = Acos(2m fet + Bisin(27fmit) + Bsin(2mfm2t))
Show that this waveform has sidebands separated from the carrier not only
at multiples of fm and of fm2 but also has sidebands as well at separations
of multiples of (fi + fm2) and of (fml - Sm2)
(b) How is the baseband signal extracted from the frequency modulated signal
applied at the input of the block diagram shown below.
Plot the transfer functions, HC) and H,f), of the slope circuits needed
in this scheme?

Slope Circuit H1(f) Envelope detector

FM waye Baseband signal
Slope Circuit Envelope detector

2
 22ECT206: Operating System Concepts
MidTerm Examination-2023
Time Limit: 1hour and 30 minutes
Instructions
The total number of marks is 30. All questions are to be
prohibited except the scientific calculators. Please preciselyattempted. The usage of all electronic items/gadgets are
answer whatever asked in the question, otherwise there
will be deduction of marks.
The course outcomes (COs)
COl: To understand the objectives, structures and functions of modern operating
systems
CO2: To understand the working of processes and threads and their scheduling algorithms
CO3: To understand the problems of synchronization and deadlock in OS and its various solutions
CO4: To understand the memory and storage handling/allocation methods
COS: To understand files, its structures, implementation and protection issues
CO6: To analyze the problems related to OS and suggest viable solutions
(analytically and design issues)
Q. Consider the concurrently running processes A and B as given below. (Shared data:
semaphore s l=0, s2-0;).(CO3) (5)
Process A: Process B:
do { do {
Instruction a; Wait (sl );
Signal (sl); Instruction d;
Instruction b; Instruction c;
Wait (s2); Signal (s2);
Instruction e; } while (true)
} while (true);

a. Illustrate the order in which these instructions will get executed.

b. Change the code for process A&Btoexecute the instructions as per order: e,d,c,b,a
Consider this C program: (7) (CO1,C02)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main) {
fork();
fork();
fork();
printf("Done!n");
return 0:

a.
How many processes are created, including the main process?
b Draw the process tree diagram to justify your answer.
C. How many "Done!" lines are printed?
Q3. Answer the following (5) (CO2)
a. List any 6 of the attributes that an operating system maintains to keep track of information about a process.

List the 4 most important attributes an operating system maintains to keep track of information about a thread.

Q4.Explain/differentiate the below terms with suitable examples (Restricted to 100 words each) (CO1, CO2, C03)
a Atomic instruction (1)
.Process States with state transition diagram (2)
e Zombie v/s Orphan Process (2)
fAPI vIs System calls (2)
Deadlock vs. starvation (2)
Q5. Given below is a python code,
where two threads have a common thread
implemented: function, and a critical section is
import threading
Counter = 0
iterations = 10000
def increment counter):
global counter
for_in range (iterations):
counter t= |
threadl = threading. Thread(target=increment counter)
thread? threading.
= Thread(target=increment counter)
threadl.start)
thread2.start)
threadl join)
thread2,join)
# Display the final counter value
print("Final counter value (wrong implementation):", counter)
Improve the above code using mutex lock to solve the critical section problem. You may use Lock(),acquire() , and
release() functions of the threading library to initialize, acquire, and release the mutex lock. (4) (CO2,CO3)
 National Institute of Technology, Jaipur
Malaviya
Mid Term Examination (2023-2024)
IIYear B.Tech IIISemester
Sub: LIC (21ECT-201)
Branch: ECE Time: 1.5 Hours
Maximum Marks:30

for Correspondence questions are

written in front of
Questions are Compulsory and marks
Note: All
Questions. circuit using operational amplifier 741
introduced to the analysis and designing of linear and non-linear
CO1: Students will be
based filters
CO2: Analysis and design ofOPAMP
analysis of Amplifiers, Oscillators
CO3: Design and
CO4: Design and analysis of Generators, Schmitt triggers, PLL and other applications
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***********ALL THE BEST**********

significance. (2) (COl)

QDraw and explain the voltage transfer characteristics of an OP-AMP. Explain its
(2) (CO1)
2 Explain why open loop configuration is not used in linear application. (2) (CO1)
3. Define offset voltage and explain why it exists in all OP-AMPs. (3) (CO1)
Q4. Draw high frequency model of OP-AMP? Calculate open loop gain as function of frequency.
and pass band gain ofl. Assume C =
Q3. Design a first order low pass filter with cut off frequency of 2kHz (5) (CO2)
frequency of 3kHz.
0.01 uf. Using frequency scaling technique convert 2kHz to cut off
a gain of -80. Over what input range is the
Q6. An OP-AMP based amplifier has t18V supplies and (2) (COI)
amplifier linear ? (4) (CO1)
in Fig. 1.
Q7. Find the output voltage v, in the circuit shown
R2.

input. Considering OP
For the given integrator in Fig. 2, calculate the output and plot it with respect to
Q8. (4) (CO1)
AMP to be ideal.

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 Determine the gain of the amplifier'shown in Fig. 3. What is the
value of l, ? (2) (CO1)
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R1
QÓ. For the circuit shown in Fig. 4, determine the output
voltage V, and output current io.
(4)(CÔI)

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