ATILIM UNIVERSITY Department of Mathematics

Math 151 Calculus I Examination 1 Nov. 3, 2018

Last Name : Instructors: T.E., S.A. Signature
Name Time : 10 : 00
:
ID Number : Duration : 100 minutes
O N S
8 QUESTIONS ON 4 PAGES
U T I TOTAL 100 POINTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
SO L
P LE
SA MSHOW ALL YOUR WORK.
Check your steps carefully. There may be no partial credits for some questions.

(1) (6+6+6+6 =24 pts.) Evaluate the following limits, if they exist. You are not allowed
to use l’hopital rule.
x2 − 4x 22 − 4 · 2
(a) lim 2 = 2 =1
x→2 x − 8 2 −8
x2 + 1
(b) lim
x→2 x+2
>0 >0
z }| { z }| {
x2 + 1 x2 + 1 x2 + 1
lim = −∞ and lim = +∞. So, lim does not exist.
x→−2− x + 2}
| {z x→−2+ x + 2}
| {z
x→−2 x + 2
<0 >0
p p 
(c) lim x2 + x − x2 + 5 = [∞ − ∞] . Then,
x→∞

p p  √x2 + x + √x2 + 5 (x2 + x − x2 − 5)

lim x2 + x − x2 + 5 √ √ = lim √ √
x→∞ x2 + x + x2 + 5 x→∞ x2 + x + x2 + 5
x−5 x−5
= lim q q = lim q q 
x→∞ x→∞
x2 1 + x1 + x2 1 + x52 1 + x1 + 1 + x52



|x|
x 1 − x5 1 − x5


1
= lim q q  = lim v v =
x→∞
x 1 + x1 + 1 + x52
x→∞ u
u1 + 1 + u1 + 5
u 2
t x t x 2
|{z} |{z}
−→0 −→0

tan x2 − 9

 
0
(d) lim 2 =
x→3 x − 5x + 6 0
2 sin x2 − 9



sin x − 9 1 (x + 3)
lim 2
· = lim · =6
x→3 cos (x − 9) (x − 3) (x − 2) x→3 (x − 3) (x + 3) (x − 2) cos (x2 − 9)
| {z } | {z }
−→1 −→6
(2) (9 pts.) Use formal definition of limit to show that lim (1 − 5x) = 6.
x→−1

Let  > 0 be given. We need to find δ > 0 so that |1−5x−6| <  whenever 0 < |x+1| < δ.

|1 − 5x − 6| = | − 5x − 5| = | − 5(x + 1)| = 5|x + 1| < 5δ.


Choose δ = . Then |1 − 5x − 6| <  whenever 0 < |x + 1| < δ.
5
So, lim (1 − 5x) = 6.
x→−1
 (3) (9 pts.) Let
2


 5x − 3 if x < 1






f (x) = 7 if x = 1



2

 4x + 2


if x > 1

x+2
be given.
Find all points where f is NOT continuous. Explain your answer in detail.

If x < 1, then f (x) = 5x − 3 is a polynomial and hence continuous at every x < 1.

4x2 + 2
If x > 1, then f (x) = is a rational function which is not defined at x = −2. But,
x+2
−2 ∈/ (1, ∞). So, f is continuous at every x > 1.

We need to check the continuity at x = 1.

(i) f is defined at x = 1 and f (1) = 7,
4x2 + 2 4+2
(ii) lim f (x) = lim (5x − 3) = 2, lim f (x) = lim = = 2.
x→1− x→1− x→1+ x→1+ x+2 1+2
Hence, lim f (x) = 2
x→1

(iii) lim f (x) = 2 6= 7 = f (1).

x→1

Therefore f is not continuous at x = 1.

(4) (6+6+6=18 pts.) Evaluate the derivative of the given functions:

√
(a) f (x) = x3 4 2x + 1 = x3 · (2x + 1)1/4

√
f 0 (x) = 3x2 4 2x + 1 + x3 · 1
4 · 2 (2x + 1)−3/4

3x2 − 5 3x2 − 5
(b) f (x) = √ = 3/2
x3 + 1 x +1

3
6x · x3/2 + 1 − 3x2 − 5 · · x1/2



f 0 (x) =
2
2
x3/2 + 1

(c) f (x) = cos5 5x2 + 1

f 0 (x) = −5 · 10x · sin 5x2 + 1 · cos4 5x2 + 1

 x+2
(5) (8 pts.) Use the definition of derivative to find f 0 (0) for f (x) = . 3
x2 + 1

Note that f (0) = 2. Then,

h+2
f (0 + h) − f (0) 2
−2 h + 2 − 2h2 − 2
f 0 (0) = lim = lim h + 1 = lim
h→0 h h→0 h h→0 h(h2 + 1)
h − 2h2 1 − 2h
= lim 2
= lim 2 =1
h→0 h(h + 1) h→0 h + 1

(6) (12 pts.) Determine the intervals on which f (x) = x4 + 4x3 is increasing/decreasing.
Explain your answer briefly and clearly.

f 0 (x) = 4x3 + 12x2 = 0 =⇒ 4x2 (x + 3) = 0 =⇒ x = 0, x = −3 are critical points.

x −3 0
| |
f 0 (x) − 0 + 0 +
| |
f (x) & % %

f is decreasing on (−∞, −3) , since f 0 (x) < 0 for every x ∈ (−∞, −3), and

f is increasing on (−3, ∞) , since f 0 (x) > 0 for every x ∈ (−3, ∞) \ {0}, or x ∈ (−3, 0) ∪
(0, +∞),. Note that f 0 (0) = 0.
 dy
4 (7) (8 pts.) Find at the point (−1, 1) where y = f (x) is defined implicitly by
dx
x4 y 3 − 5x3 + 5y 3 = x3 y 4 + 12.

Now we differentiate both sides of the given equation with respect to the independent
variable x.

Dx x4 y 3 − Dx 5x3 + Dx 5y 3 = Dx x3 y 4 + Dx 12

Then we have,

4x3 y 3 + 3x4 y 2 y 0 − 15x2 + 15y 2 y 0 = 3x2 y 4 + 4x3 y 3 y 0 + 0

If we put x = −1 and y = 1, then we get

−4 + 3y 0 − 15 + 15y 0 = 3 − 4y 0 =⇒ 22y 0 = 22 =⇒ y 0 = 1.

(8) (5+7 = 12 pts.) Let f (x) = x3 − 6x be given on [1, 4].

(a) Write an equation of the line, L, joining the points (1, f (1)) and (4, f (4)),

f (1) = 1 − 6 = −5, f (4) = 43 − 6 · 4 = 40

40 − (−5)
L : y − 40 = (x − 4) =⇒ y = 15 (x − 4) + 40 =⇒ y = 15x − 20
4−1
(b) Show that there exists a point c in (1, 4) where the tangent line to the graph of f is
parallel to the line L, and write an equation of the tangent line at c.

f is a polynomial func. and:

it is continuous on [1, 4], differentiable on (1, 4).

Then, by the MVT, there exists a point c in the open interval (1, 4) so that the tangent
at c is parallel to the line L.

f (4) − f (1)
We can find c by solving the equation f 0 (c) = .
4−1

As f 0 (x) = 3x2 − 6, the above equation becomes

40 − (−5) √
3c2 − 6 = = 15 =⇒ c2 = 7 =⇒ c = ± 7.
4−1
√ √
Since − 7 ∈
/ (1, 4) , we have c = 7.
√ √ √ √
f ( 7) = 73/2 − 6 7 = 7 and f 0 ( 7) = 3 · 7 − 6 = 15.
√ √ √
Then, the equation of the tangent line is y − 7 = 15(x − 7) or y = 15x − 14 7.