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Exercise Series No 1

سلسلة رقم 1 مقياس الجبر

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31 views2 pages

Exercise Series No 1

سلسلة رقم 1 مقياس الجبر

Uploaded by

sil669925
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Sciences Mathematics and statistics

Teacher Education College of Setif- Messaoud Zeggar Level: 1st year natural science
College year: 2024-2025

Exercise series number 01

Exercise 1.
A- Using the truth table, prove the following complex propositions

1. P ⇔ P

2. (P ∧ Q) ⇔ P

3. P ⇔ (P ∨ Q)

4. P ∨ (P ⇒ Q)

B) Simplify the following composite proposition: (P ∧ Q) ∨ (P ∧ Q) ∨ ((P ∧ Q))


C) Simplify the negation of the following composite propositions:

1. (P ∨ Q) ∧ R

2. P ⇒ Q

3. (P ∨ Q) ⇒ R

4. (P ∨ Q) ⇒ R

Exercise 2.

1. Show that (1 = 2) ⇒ (2 = 3).

2. Consider the following four assertions:

(a) ∃x ∈ R ∀y ∈ R x + y > 0 ; (b) ∀x ∈ R ∃y ∈ R x+y >0;

(c) ∀x ∈ R ∀y ∈ R x+y >0 ; (d) ∃x ∈ R ∀y ∈ R y 2 > x.

• Are a, b, c, d truth?
• Give its negation.

Exercise 3. Let f be an application defined from R into R. Give the negation after interpreting the following
assertions to mathematical propositions:

1. For all x ∈ R f (x) ≤ 1.

2. The application f is increasing.

3. The application f is increasing and positive.

4. There exists x ∈ R+ such that f (x) ≤ 0.

5. There exists x ∈ R such that for all y ∈ R, if x < y then f (x) > f (y).

Exercise 4. Fill in the following blanks with one of the ∀, ∃ quantifiers:

1. ...a, b ∈ R : (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab

Teacher: Dr. Mohamed Amine Boubatra College year 2024-2025


2. ...x ∈ C/x2 + 1 = 0

3. ...x ∈ R : x2 + 1 ̸= 0

4. ...n ∈ N/n < n + 1.

Exercise 5. Using direct proof, prove that

1. If x is odd and y is even, then xy is even

2. ∀a, b ∈ R+ : (a + b)2 ≤ 2(a2 + b2 )


√ √ √
3. ∀a, b ∈ R+ : a + b ≤ 2 a + b.

Exercise 6. Using proof by contrariness or (backwards), prove that


√
a+b√ 2
1. Let a and b be rational numbers such that: a ̸= b. Put: x = 1+ 2
.
Show that: x ̸= b.

2. Prove that 1 is not a root of the equation P (x) = x2 − 2x + 2

3. Prove that the system (


2x − 3y = 5
3y − 2x = 3
has not a solution.

Exercise 7. Using the raisoning by induction, show that


n
X
1. For every a, b ∈ C then (a + b)n = Cnk an−k bk
k=0
n
X n(n + 1)
2. For every n ∈ N⋆ then k=
2
k=1
n
X n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
3. For every n ∈ N⋆ then k2 = .
6
k=1

Teacher: Dr. Mohamed Amine Boubatra College year 2024-2025

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