Electronics 10

Special Science Class

( ELECTIVE )

Quarter 4 – Module 3
( Week 5 and 6 )
Circuit Analysis and Printed Circuit Board
( PCB )

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 MODULE 3 ( Week 5 and 6 ) CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AND PRINTED CIRCUIT
BOARD ( PCB )

In an electronics circuit the process of studying and analyzing the various electronic
quantities involved, especially the nodal voltages and currents through calculations, is known
as circuit analysis. Electronic circuits, gadgets, devices and components are using circuit
diagrams and Printed Circuit Board ( PCB ). The circuit should be analyzed in order to make a
Printed Circuit Board ( PCB ).

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. Define electronic circuit diagrams,

2. Analyze electronic circuit diagram and
3. Draw a sample Printed Circuit Board ( PCB ).

What I Need To Know ?

In electronics circuit the board for the circuit diagram is smaller than the board of an
electrical circuit. This board is called a ( PCB ) Printed Circuit Board. Usually the supplied
current is what we called as ( DC ) Direct Current Source, which contains the positive and the
negative source. The circuit diagram will be modified once it will be transferred to the PCB and
that is what we called as PCB designing or lay - outing.

In this lesson, as you work on with the activity, you will be able to answer the following
key questions:

What is circuit analysis and PCB designing or lay outing?

How to analyze circuit diagram?
How to construct a PCB designing or lay - outing?

Before you start with the Lesson, be sure to answer the pre – assessment.

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 What I Know

Pre – Assessment
Directions : Read the questions carefully. Write only the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer in your separate answer sheet.

1. What process that involve of studying and analyzing the various electronic quantities
involved, especially the nodal voltages and currents through calculations?

A. Circuit arrester C. Circuit diagram

B. Circuit analysis D. PCB designing

2. Which of the following electrical / electronics law mostly used in analyzing the circuit ?

A. Charle’”s Law C. Kirchoff”s Law

B. Boyle”s Law D. Ohm”s Law

3. Which of the following is the second law in analyzing voltage and current?

A. Kirchoff”s Current Law C. Kirchoff”s Power Law

B. Kirchoff”s Voltage Law D. Ohm”s Law

4. What electronic circuit consisting of thin strips of a conducting material such as copper, which
have been etched from a layer fixed to a flat insulating sheet ?

A. Circuit Board C. Printed Board

B. Circuit Diagram D. Printed Circuit Board

5. Which of the following illustration is a PCB ?

A. C.

B. D.

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6. What part of the circuit board in which the circuit is to be laid out ?

A. Copper side B. Fiber side C. Metal side D. Plastic side

7. What are the two parts of the Printed Circuit Board ?

A. Copper and Aluminum side C. Copper and Metal side

B. Copper and Fiber side D. Copper and Plastic side

8. Which of the following is TRUE to a printed circuit board.

A. PCB is used as connecting device of the circuit

B. PCB is used to support the electronic component.

C. PCB is use to conduct ground.

D. PCB is used to supply the voltage.

9. What process that combines electronic component placement and routing the electrical

connectivity on a manufactured circuit board.

A.PCB Designing B.PCB Diagraming C.PCB Lay-outing D. PCB Manufacturing

10. Which of the following is a schematic diagram ?

A. C.

B. D.

11. What material that removes the copper side after the etching process.

A. Ferric Chloride B. Ferric Cyanide C. Ferric Oxide D. Ferric Monoxide

12. What is the first step in the etching process.

A. Apply ferric chloride C. Draw the circuit layout

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 B. Apply masking tape D. Remove the masking tape

13. What is the last step in the etching process ?

A. Apply ferric chloride C. Draw the circuit layout

B. Apply masking tape D. Remove the masking tape

For item 14 – 15 refer to the illustration below :

14. – 15. Identify the following schematic symbol which labelled as no. 14 and 15.

14.
15.

Lesson Circuit Analyzing and

Diagramming
1

What’s In?

Circuit analyzing is the process of examining the circuit whether what principles or
laws that should be applied in order the circuit will function properly. Circuit diagramming is to
make the schematic diagram of the circuit using the schematic symbols.
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 What’s New?

ACTIVITY 1

Identifying The Parts of an Electronic Circuit

Objectives:

1. Identify the parts of an electronic circuit and

2. Analyze the circuit whether what principles or laws that should be applied to
make the function properly.

Materials:

Paper , One fourth size cartolina , One fourth size illustration board

Ball Pen , Pentel Pen , Eraser

Procedure:

1. Based on the drawing given below, identify the electronic parts being use.
2. Using your one fourth size cartolina, draw the symbol of the electronic part.
3. Divide your cartolina into three parts. In the first part is the name of the
electronic component, the second part is the schematic symbol and in the last
part is the functions or uses.
( Follow the format below )

Name of the Component Schematic Functions / Uses

symbol

1.

2.

3.

4
 4.

5.

Given Circuit :

1.

2. 3. 4. 5.

Observation / Conclusion:

1. How many electronic component that the circuit has ?

Generalization:

1. Among the parts that you have identified, what part of the multi tester is the most
important? Why ?

What is It?

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 MULTI TESTER

A Multi Tester is a measuring instrument that can measure multiple electrical

properties. Another term for multi tester is a multi meter. A typical multimeter can measure
voltage, resistance, and current, in which case it is also known as a volt-ohm-milliammeter.
Analog multimeters use a microammeter with a moving pointer to display readings.

Multimeters are divided into two types depending on the way the indication is displayed:
analog and digital. Analog multimeters are multifunction electrical measuring instruments with
indication by means of an arrow (analog) scale.

Digital Multi Meter Analog Multi Meter

Scale Pointer Pointer Adjuster

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 Test Probe

DC Voltage

Range Zero Ohm Adjuster

AC Voltage Range

DC
Current Range Selector Knob
Range

Resistance Range

1. Scale = The scale is composed of Resistance, DC Voltage, DC Current and AC Voltage

range.
2. Range Selector Knob = This part select what range that you are going to measure either
DC Voltage, AC Voltage, DC Current or Resistance.
3. Pointer – This will determine the reading of the tester.
4. Pointer Adjuster = This enable the pointer to set at zero level before measuring.
5. Test Probe = This part will be used to touch the terminal of the device that you are going
to measure.
6. Zero Ohm Adjuster – This will enable the pointer to start at zero before measuring.
7. AC Voltage Range – This will be used to measure the alternating current voltage only.
8. Resistance Range – This will be used to measure the resistance only.
9. DC Voltage Range - This will be used to measure the direct current voltage only.
10. DC Current Range – This will be used to measure the direct current amperes only

Clamp Meter
Clamp Meter - Clamp meter is another type of multi meter which allow electricians to
bypass the old-school method of cutting into a wire and inserting a meter's test leads into the
circuit to take an in-line current measurement. The jaws of a clamp meter do not need to touch a
conductor during a measurement. In using the clamp meter, the wires or terminal will be
inserted to the jaws of the tester. As you can see the illustration below.

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 If the jaws is not functioning, you can use the test probe in measuring. As you can see
the illustration

What I Have Learned?

Directions: Write only the letter that corresponds to the correct answer. Write your
answer in a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is TRUE to a multi tester.

A. An instrument that is use to measure the current only.
B. An instrument that is use to measure the voltage only.
C. An instrument that is use to measure the resistance only.
D. An instrument that can be used to measure the voltage, current and resistance.
2. Which of the following does not belong to the group ?
A. Pointer B. Range selector switch C. Pointer Adjuster D. Sensors
3. What part is use as a replacement if the jaws is not functional?
A. Pointer B. Pointer Adjuster C. Resistance range D. Test probe
4. What device that can detect the physical parameter of a human body?
A. AFCI B. GFCI C. L:imit Switch D. Sensors
5. What device that is used to contact that depends on the time being set ?
A. Magnetic contactor B. Relay C. Sensors D. Timers

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 What’s More

Directions: Draw the following in a 1/8 sheet of cartolina.

1. Draw a schematic diagram of both power and lighting circuit using three lamps
controlled by individual switch using a three gang switch, with one single
convenience outlet.
2. Draw a schematic diagram of both power and lighting circuit using three lamps
connected in parallel controlled by two three – way and one four – way switch, with
two duplex convenience ouitlet.

Lesson
Electrical Materials
2

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 What I Need To Know

Electrical materials are the different parts that help to make an electrical
installation successful. There can be hundreds of different types of electrical
materials that can be used. Materials are generally split into four main groups: metals,
polymers, ceramics, and composites.

What’s In

Electrical materials are classified into four and they are Conductors, those
that will conduct electricity and purely metals, Semi conductors those that will conduct
electricity in a temporary action, Isolators or insulators those that will not conduct
electricity and Magnetic materials, those that are used as magnet during the conduct of
electricity.

What’s New?

ACTIVITY 2

Describing and Identifying Electrical Materials

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Objectives:

1. Describe electrical materials and

2. Identify electrical materials during electrical installation

Materials:

Paper , One fourth size cartolina , Ball Pen , Pentel Pen

Eraser , One fourth size illustration board

Procedure:

1. In a one fourth size illustration board, draw the electrical materials or name it
based on the instructions below.
2. Find your answers on the illustration below.
3. Answer what is asked based from the table.

Illustration 1.

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Illustration 2.

Illustration 3.

A. Answer the table below :

Name of electrical Actual appearance Name of electrical Actual appearance

materials materials
6.Hanging lamp
1. Surface type holder ( weather
outlet proof type )
2. Flush type 7.A.C. Plug
outlet

3. Flush type lamp 8.Utilityt box (

holder metal)

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 4. Hanging lamp 9.
holder ( chain
type )

5. Surface type 10.

lamp holder

Observation / Conclusion:

2. Upon looking at the illustration do you have magnetic materials ?

3. What is the difference between conductors and semi conductors ?

Generalization:

2. What are electrical materials and when to use it ?

What Is It?

ELECTRICAL MATERIALS

1. CONDUCTORS – Any electrical materials or metals or type of material that allows the
flow of charge or electrical current in one or more directions.

Examples : electrical wire, metal junction box and utility box and water.

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2. ISOLATORS / INSULATORS – Any electrical materials in which it does not allow the flow
of charges or electrical current in one or more directions.

Examples : Plastic, wood, paper, cloth ( plastic junction box and utility box )

3. SEMI CONDUCTORS – Any materials that allows only fifty percent of its conductivity to
the flow of charges or current.

Examples : electronic component, devices and gadgets.

4. Magnetic materials – Any materials that will conduct magnet during electrical energizing.

Examples : Magnet wire, circuit breakers, magnetic contactors, relays.

5. Lighting materials – Any materials that is used for lighting circuits.

Examples : Incandescent lamp, Flourescent lamp, Mercury lamp, Halogen lamp

6. Power materials – Any materials that is used for outlet connection.

Examples : OUTLET- It could be flush type or surface type.

Flush Type - It could be ( OPO – Ordinary Power Outlet ) or ( SPO –
Special Purpose Outlet )
7. Auxiliary switches - Provide remote electrical indication if the circuit breaker is
open or closed. They are provided as two-switch combinations, with a
maximum of two two-switch combinations for the NF frame and six two-
switch combinations for the RF frame.
8. Wire Connectors - This used to join electrical parts / materials. It is mostly made of
plastic.

Example :

Terminal block Male-Female connector Waterproof connector

9. Pipe Adaptors and Connectors – This is used to connect or join end to end of the pipe,
either metals or plastic.

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 Example :

Female Adaptor Male adaptor PVC coupling PVC elbow

With locknut

Flexible metal conduit adaptor Flexible metal connectors

PVC Clip / Holder

10. Wiring Materials – These materials are used during wiring installation.

Ordinary one gang switch one gang switch One gang switch One gang switch

( Surface type ) ( Flush Type ) reflectorized Flush type with LED indicator

( Flush Type )

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 Two gang switch Three gang switch Four gang switch

One gang outlet Two gang outlet Three gang outlet ordinary

( Ordinary flush type) (SPO Flush type) ( Surface Type )

Three gang outlet Three gang outlet with switch SPO Three gang outlet

(Flush Type ) ( Surface Type ) ( Flush Type )

What I Have Learned?

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is TRUE to an electrical materials ?

A. Materials that are used in power outlet.

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 B. Materials that are used in lighting circuit.

C. Materials that are used in wiring installation

D. Materials that are used both in power and lighting circuit.

2. What kind of electrical materials in which the fluorescent lamp is installed ?

A. Lighting materials C. Power materials

B. Magnetic contactors D. Semi Conductors

3. Which of the following is a two gang outlet?

A. C.

B. D.

4. Which of the following is a wire connectors ?

A. C.

B. D.

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5 Which of the following statement is true to a magnetic materials ?

A. Any materials that will conduct electricity.

B. Any materials that will conduct magnet during earthquake.

C. .Any materials that will conduct magnet during electrical energizing.

D Any materials that will conduct electricity when there is lightning.

What’s More

1. Write at least ten electrical materials that are found in your home. ( Fill in the
table below. )

DIFFERENET ELECTRICAL MATERIALS FOUND/USED AT HOME

1. 6.

2. 7.

3. 8

4. 9.

5. 10.

Assessment

Multiple Choice

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer.

1. What kind of materials is used in house wiring connection ?

A. Electrical materials C. Engineering materials

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 B. Electronics materials D. Household materials

2. In mounting the switch , how much is the distance from the floor?

A. 1.0 meter B. 1.2 meters C. 1.5 meters D. 2.0 meters

3. . Which of the following is an electrical lighting fixtures ?

A. B. C. D.

.4. Which of the following is NOT part of a lighting circuit?

A. B. C. D.

5. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

A. Junction box B. Panel box C. Square box D. Utility box

6. Which of the following statement describe electrical materials ?

A. Electrical materials is used for wiring installation.

B. Electrical materials is used for wiring accessories.

C. Electrical materials is used in order to function the circuit.

D. Electrical materials is used as devices for wiring installation.

7. Which of the following device detects that the circuit is grounded ?

B. AFCI B. GFCI C. Limit Switch D. Sensors

8. What device that can detect the physical parameter of a human body?

B. AFCI B. GFCI C. L:imit Switch D. Sensors

9. Which of the following is a two gang outlet?

A. C.

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 A. D.

10. Which of the following is a wire connectors ?

A. C.

B. D.

11. What kind of electrical materials in which the fluorescent lamp is installed ?

A. Lighting materials C. Power materials

B. Magnetic contactors D. Semi Conductors

12. What device that is used to contact that depends on the time being set ?

B. Magnetic contactor B. Relay C. Sensors D. Timers

13. . How much is the distance from the floor if the outlet is mounted on the wall ?

A. 1.5 feet B. 1.25 feet C. 1.0 foot D. 0.75 foot

14. How to identify electrical lighting fixtures?

A. It is connected to the outlet C. It is connected to the main switch

B. It is composed of lighting materials D. It is an additional part installed in the lights

15. Which of the following is NOT part of a lighting circuit?

A. B. C. D.

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References :

A. Books

Fundamentals of Electricity ( First Edition )

By : Elpidio J. Cardenas, pp. 4 – 20

T.L.E. – 7 / 8 Learner’s Material ( Electricity ), Department of Education of the

Philippines, pp. 11 - 15

B. Photo Credits

https://energypedia.info/wiki/Philippines_Energy_Situation#:~:text=The%2
0Philippines%20is%20located%20in,by%20wind%2C%20solar%20and%
20biofuel.

https://www.google.com/search?q=common+electrical+hand+tools+in+th
e+philippines&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=t1MGF5pcXU53VM%252
CUr9JASFcWtBhMM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-
kQhu6QleZzE0EYebzLRtXkjU1EVFw&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBxrGHpfTrA
hWDF4gKHRGVDtcQ9QF6BAgHECQ#imgrc=Favk_AdUjPZ79M

C. Links

https://energypedia.info/wiki/Philippines_Energy_Situation#:~:text=The%2

0Philippines%20is%20located%20in,by%20wind%2C%20solar%20and%

20biofuel.

https://www.servicetitan.com/blog/best-electrician-tools

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call :

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources ( DepEd-BLR )

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Ave., Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax : ( 632 ) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address : [email protected] * [email protected]

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