Intelligent post lockdown management

system for public transportation

KRISHNAENGINEERING COLLEGE(161)
Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh (Pin: )
Affiliated to ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL
UNIVERSITY, Lucknow,Uttar Pradesh, India
Hari Mohan Rai¹,Shivangi Kumari ², Barnini
Goswami²*,Shreya Majumdar³,Kajal Gupta³*

1Hari Mohan Rai, Deptt. Of ECE, Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India
2Shivangi Kumari,Student, Deptt. Of CSE, Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India
2*Barnini Goswami,Student, Deptt. Of CSE, Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India
3Shreya Majumdar,Student, Deptt. Of CSE, Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India
3*Kajal Gupta,Student, Deptt. Of CSE, Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India

Abstract :
"A clear vision is must for a better execution!",also in the
current scenario we know that COVID-19 outbreak has created
a great problem in public transportation as there is a high risk of
getting infected, so resolving that problem we have come with a
solution to serve the public by building an application to check
Easy booking,Safer transportation and Smart journey!As a
solution to the problem statement we would be building a
progressive web app so that that can work on all platforms. The
idea of the app have been designed keeping social distancing as
the primary concern.

Introduction :

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has

created a global health crisis that has had a deep impact on the
way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. One of the
major prevention is to maintain social distancing. Which would
break the chain of this contagious disease.
•Lockdown has been implemented to break the chain and as we
all know covid-19 is highly contagious and mortality so high
that it can't be destroyed so easily but we can't keep lockdown in
the country for the long time otherwise the country's economy
will drastically decline .
•And for that Transportation system will play a crucial role ,
public transportation is used the most by commo public and to
avoid covid-19 cases , social distancing has to be maintained.
•So there has to be a management for public transportation
which can make it function without producing more covid-19
cases.

To solve this problen our team has been implementing a solution

, the problem statement "Intelligent post lockdown management
system for public transportation"-:An intelligent app to schedule
the timings of transportation, avoiding the over occupancy of
public transport /bus stations/railway stations etc."
This app also find the possible shortest route from source to
destination for a customer and monitor whether the people are
maintaining social distancing or not by using Bluetooth as a
technique.

Scope:
The goals of the proposed work are as follows: -
1.This app will be used to make the public transportation
possible while
maintaining social distancing.
2. It will provide short route for traveller's desired destination.
3.It will help in preventing people from getting vulnerable to be
infected due to
COVID-19.
4.It will help in avoiding over occupancy of public transport.
5. It's user friendly.
RELATED WORKS:
By clearly describing previous work, we can better describe the
current limitations and the need for new methodology.
It also gives an opportunity to demonstrate knowledge of the
area and will helpothers to relate our current work to other
scientific areas.
The section includes methods that formulated the problem,
addressed a central or related problem, used a similar
methodology as our work to a similarproblem, and also how our
work is inspired by their work.
We collected, analyzed and coded author assigned keywords of
other research papers to start a discussion on the topic
“Intelligent post lockdown transportation management system".
Presently, how to maintain social distancing while travelling is a
boiling area of research. Managing traffic, safer routes and also
telling public about the shortest route to reach out their
destination have been used in designing many applications in the
past. Some of those existing approaches from the past are
discussed in this section.

Existing work in the field motivated our design idea to tackle

the needs of a safer traveling environment for public.
Several solutions have been proposed pertaining to issue in
discussion.
These includes: -
• Transit is a mobile app providing real-time public transit data.
The app functions in over 175 metropolitan areas around the
world. Transit was designed for aggregating and mapping real-
time public transit data, crowdsourcing user data to determine
the true location of buses and trains. Transit was first released in
2012 for iPhone and soon after launched the Android-
compatible version. It offers users schedules and alerts for
multiple modes of transportation where available, including bus
and rail. This app is meant to minimize the need for individuals
to own vehicles in cities.
• Moovit is an Israel-based mobility as a service provider and
journey planner app. It is owned by Intel through the Mobileye
subsidiary since 2020. The company uses both crowdsourced
and official public transit data to provide
route planning to users as well as transit data APIs to transit
companies, cities, and transit agencies. Because Moovit
integrates crowdsourced data, it is able to provide transit
information for areas where no data is officially
available.
• Go To is the First ever Real-time Bus Booking Platform for
Intercity Travels. It is focused on saving your precious time
which is generally wasted waiting for buses at the Boarding
point, with No Clue of bus arrival. Though on
booking operators claim that you can track the bus, in most of
the cases you are unable to get its actual expected time of
arrival.

All the above-mentioned applications help people to book

tickets, reach their destination in time, provides them scheduled
time table and alerts for multiple modes of transportation. There
are many more such applications like Chalo , UTS, NextBus etc.
So, after exploring all the previous works we have come up with
an application which in addition to existing features provides
new and innovative ways to implement social distancing in
public transport.
After exploring several design options. We eventually decided
to develop a website which will have features from several of
our brainstormed and existing ideas named INTOUCH.
By integrating the features of different applications together in
one platform. INTOUCH offers a more holistic and effective
solution than the existingapplication by providing them with a
variety of tailor-made features as per user’s requirements.
Another highlight is that the currently available applications fail
to provide a solution to the COVID-19.
THE NOVELTY OF OUR PROJECT ARE AS
FOLLOWS: -
(1) We all are aware of Arogya Setu application which keeps the
record of people’s health conditions and makes us aware about
the nearby COVID-19 patients, but it doesn't monitor whether
the social distancing is being maintained or not which is equally
important to stop the spreading of the virus. So, to cover those
gaps our application would monitor whether the social
distancing is being maintained by public or not in public
transportation and additionally thisapplication is also going to
notify public as soon as they violate social distancing.
(2) Our application will check user's authenticity and
accountability by asking for their details to enter while they
login to our app.
(3) This application will provide services based on the priority
of people’s urgency or purpose of their work.

DESIGNANDARCHITECTURE
Aftersigningup,anAuthenticationPagewillbelaunched,whichwillaskIDproofofthecu
stomer,sothatourappcouldbeusedinthedesiredway.
ThencustomerhavetoenterhisaddressdetailsinAddressPageandthendestinationdetails
inDestinationPage.
Ticketbookingpagewouldbelaunchedtobooktheticketsanditwouldshowtheavailableti
mingsandseatsaccordingtothesocialdistancingmethod.
TheappwouldcontainapageofGuidelines,anotherfeature.

Registrationandlogin:-
Thiswouldbethefirststepforanewuser.Thisstepwouldenabletheusertocreateanidandfo
rmaintainingtheauthenticityeveryuserwouldberequiredtouploadthecredentialsofany
addressproofandworkplaceorinstitutionaldetails(employeeid/studentidcard,etc.)
Ticketbooking:-wheneverauserneedstotravelhe/
shewillhavetobookaticketonlinethroughourappatleast5hoursbeforetheyintendtostart
theirjourney.So,therewillbeabookingpagewheretheuserscanmentionthepurpose,plac
esandtimingsoftheirtravelandwillreceivetheticketsonthebasisofavailability.
Guidelinespage:-
Therewillbeapagetowhichanyusercanreferto,anytimeforviewingthesafetyguidelinest
obetakentoensuretheyarehavingleastriskofinfection.
Facilitiesnearby:-
Thispagewillbeshowingallthehospitals,medicalshopsandotherhealthcareandemerge
ncyfacilitiesnearbyevenwhentheusersareintransit.
Alert:-
Therewillbeanalertontheuser’sscreeniftheyarenotfollowingthesocialdistancingcriter
ia(usingBluetoothproximity),sothattheycanbeawareandcansafeguardthemselves.

TheAlgorithmwillworklike,therewillbeasourceandadestination,possiblerouteswillbe
foundusingpossiblecalculationtoreachfromsourcetodesireddestination.
Andshortestpathwouldbefiltered,freevehicleswillbecheckedonthispath,iftherefirstsh
ortestpathwouldhavenofreevehiclethenanothershortestpathwouldbefoundandsamep
rocesswillbedonewithit.
SCHEDULING
Shortestpathalgorithm:-
Iftherewillbemorethanonepersonrequestingforthesamepath,theywillbeallocatedticke
tthroughtheshortestpathonfirstcomefirstservedbasis.
Trafficmanagement:-
Theappwilltrytooptimizethetravelofpeopleinawaythatmostpeopleareabletogothroug
hthebestpossiblerouteandalsoavoidingtrafficcongestioninallroutesaslongaspossible.
Timetablegeneration:-
Whilebookingticketstheuserswouldbeabletoseethepresettimingsofthetransportavaila
bilitywhichwouldhelpthemmakedecisionaboutthebesttimetostarttheirjourney.

Asthearchitectureisdesigned,nowtheimplementationofthiscomes:-
WewilldesignourfrontendusingHTML,CSS,JAVASCRIPTinBOOTSTRAP.
Itwillcontain-
1.Loginpage
2.Categoriespage
3.Ticketbookingpage
4.Guidelinespage
5.Paymentpage
*InBackendwewillcodeonworkingofpagesmentionedaboveandallpageswouldbemad
edyanmic.
*WewilluseJavaforbackendcoding.(Atom/Visualstudiocode)

DatabasewouldbecodedusingMYSQL.
1..Wewillcodeschedullingalgorithmtoschedulethetimingsandroutesofthebusesandan
otheralgorithmtomanagethetrafficfortheeaseoftheworkingofthebuses.
2.Afeaturewouldbecodedinthebackendwhichwillnotifythepersonwhowouldviolateth
esocialdistancingrulesusingbluetoothdetectiontechnique/algorithm.
Bythiswewillbeabletoidentifydataitemsandconceptsandfindrelationsbetweenthem
Server
WewillworkonApacheTomcattoconnecttheappwiththeinternet.
PROTOTYPE OF UI
Theprototypeoftheproposedidea

1.Thefrontpage,Welcomepage-
Itwouldcontainloginandsignupbutton.
2.Signuppage.
3.Loginpage.
4.AuthenticationPage,ItwillaskIDproofofthecustomer,sothatthea
uthenticityofthecustomercanbeverifiedandhe/
shecanusethecategoryfeatureinourappwithoutanyissues.
5.AddressPage,thispagewillasktheaddressfromwherethecustomer
willboardorthehomeaddress.
6.Destinationpage,thispagewilllookfortheaddressofwherethecust
omerwantstogomostoftenmaybeonadailybasis(ifany),thereforehi
susualdestinationlikeofficeaddress,collegeaddressorhospitaladdr
essetc.

7.Ticketbookingpage,theuserwillhavetocometothispagewhenever
he/
shewantstobookticketsfortheirjourney.Theuserwillberequiredtoe
nterthesourceanddestinationwhichcanbesameasenteredwhileregis
trationordifferentaccordingtotherequirements,theunderlyingalgor
ithmwillthenfindtheshortestpossiblerouteandavaibilityofseatscon
sideringsocialdistancingandthebooktickets.

PROPOSED RESULT:-
SCHEDULING
A basic scheduling according to guidelines from the government will
have to be maintained on a daily basis on the basis of the additional
demand by the citizen additional services can be employed.

Distribution of buses :- Essential services will be facilitated by most

frequent bus timings . The commuters of school, colleges ,companies
and factories usually travel during the morning and evening so
frequency of buses have been kept highest in those periods.

Assuming that we have 100 buses available in a particular area. The bus
services will be provided for citizens from 6:00 am to 12:00pm.
We have divided the buses into three categories based in the type of
service of its commuters.
Category A:- Essential services(doctors , police and army officials,etc.)
Category B:-Less essential services(college students , office workers
etc.)
Category C:Least essential services(people who want to go to
salons,meetings etc.)
The distribution of buses have been done as follows;
Category A – 30 , Category B – 50 , Category C – 20

The primary fixed schedule will be facilitated by the data obtained from
the users (after the initial launch of the app). As people would be filling
their daily requirement of public transport in a particular time
interval that will help us determine the number of buses efficiently.
Let us understand with the help of an example:-
Suppose in a particular time slot(say 8:00 am to 9:00 am) , 5
people(P1,P2,P3,P4,P5) belonging to category B want to go from the
same pincode(say Code1) to the same destination(say Code2).
As the number of people are considerable so we will analyse the
possible routes from Code1 to Code2.Let us assume in this case there are
two possible routes(R1 and R2).
In every possible route we will now observe the number of stops for a
bus and users willing to board from those stops respectively.
 Now we will observe the total number of commuters in both the
routes.Let us say in our example, Number of commuters along R1 = 20
and
Number of commuters along R2 = 40
If the maximum occupancy of a normal bus is kept 25 people
per bus keeping social distancing in mind , then R1 will be
allotted 1 bus and R2 will have 2 buses(with a gap of 15
minutes between them) running between 8:00 am to 9:00
am.This will avoid the rush of people in bus stop also.

RESCHEDULING CRITERIA:-
Now if suddenly due to some reason there is a demand for
buses in timings other than the ones already being implemented or
in areas where there are no frequent buses scheduled then an
additional bus can be rescheduled accordingly , provided there
should be a minimum number of people willing to avail that
service.

All the available buses will not be run daily as the buses once used for
commute will have to be sanitized and cleaned as preventive measures
for the COVID-19 outbreak.
Similarly employees should also follow precautive measures from time
to time.

Similarly , the scheduling of auto-rikshaws , trains can also be done.

TICKET ALLOCATION
We will ask the user to enter the purpose of travel while booking
tickets and we will also have the work details of the user beforehand
which the user was asked to fill during the registration itself.
A chart of scheduled timings of various transports would be available all
the time for ease of the users.
When a user requests for booking ticket the shortest possible
path(analyzing the factor manipulation for availability of seats and
traffic congestion already present in that route), will be allocated to
him/her keeping social distancing in mind using algorithms like
Dijkstra Algorithm or A* algorithm,etc.
To better understand the working of the application after this let us
assume a scenario that a doctor and a college student might have
requested to book a ticket at the same time during the same time through
the same route. Let the purposes entered by the doctor and college
student be as follows:-
Doctor:- Heart surgery of a scheduled patient
Student:- Attending regular classes
Now the ticket allotment algorithm will first compare the two purposes
on the basis of urgency and associate priority accordingly to both of
them.(Lowest index being the highest priority).
On the basis of priority it will check for availability in possible routes
and vehicle options along those routes to complete the journey. First the
seat would be allotted to the doctor then only the algorithm will check
availability for the student as doctor would have been associated the
highest priority at that time.
After allocation of tickets the allotted seats would be displayed on the
user’s screen, simulating the actual arrangement of seats on that
particular vehicle, so that there is no confusion regarding the seating
pattern sanctioned for maintaining social distancing by the concerned
authorities. Also, the guidelines would be mentioned so that the users’
don’t fall onto trap of negligence of not paying attention.
The payment would be done by electronic gateway which could be
linked to the users’ bank, e-wallets or the user can choose to use various
cards for the payment.
MAINTAINING SOCIAL DISTANCING :-
The users would be required to keep their Bluetooth on especially
during travel.
We can keep a standard distance closer to which the social distancing
criterion would be assumed to be violated.
Let us suppose that 1 meter is the accepted closest distance with a view
keeping social distancing in mind. Assuming that the frequency
exchanged between two devices(device A and device B) 1 meter apart
be ‘x’ MHz.
We are aware of the fact that distance is inversely proportional to
frequency detected, i.e., as the distance between the devices increases
the frequency between them would decrease.
Using the above mentioned principle we can device an algorithm in a
way that if the frequency input in any of the devices is more than the
expected minimum frequency(i.e., observed frequency > x), then an
alert would be popped up on the user’s screen as a warning that social
distancing has been violated and immediate action is required.

Advantages:
Our progressive web app has numerous advantages which satisfies our
mottoofEasy booking,Safer transportation and Smart journey!. Let's have a
look on the following advantages:

1. Simple interface: The app will have two user interfaces with distinguished
utility – a). General Public , b).Healthcare Officials.

2. Authentic:The authentication of the user would be guaranteed by ensuring that

the user should upload id proofs like aadhar card , PAN card etc.

3. Smart monitoring: The app would be implementing the idea of frequency

observation using Bluetooth to maintain social distancing by popping an alert
whenever a person would be violating the minimum distance from other people.

4. User-friendly:(a.)A chart or table showing available buses , auto-rikshas , metro

and local trains with timings in the nearby areas will always be displayed for the
user’s convenience(listing on the basis of pin codes).

(b.)Users will be able to book tickets or monthly passes for both short and long
route distances through this app.

(c.)A visualization of seating arrangement will be provided beforehand so that the

users can easily get acquainted with the newly implemented patterns.
(d.)The app will also be able to suggest nearby medical shops , hospitals ,etc.
whenever necessary.

5. Priority-based: Users will be required to enter the purpose of their travel while
booking tickets so that a priority can be maintained(eg:- doctor should have greater
priority over college student).

6.Traffic-check: To minimize the rush on roads categorization of buses have been

done on the basis of essentiality of services.

7. Transparency: Guidelines for maintaining social distancing inside the vehicle

like modified sitting arrangement will be available with the officials as well as the
commuters.

8.Ready for feedbacks: The will be a complain registration form where anyone
can put up their issues with the app or some incidents happening around them so
that assistance can be provided accordingly .

CONCLUSION:

Once the lockdown ends, there needs to be elaborate planning to manage all the
people using public transport as offices, factories etc will start functioning. So, to
ensure everyone’s well being and safety we are introducing an intelligent post
lockdown management system for public transport which will help in avoiding
over occupancy of public transport and will help people to maintain social
distancing which will lower their risk of getting infected by COVID-19.
In our application, we will have ticket allocation on the basis of urgency of the
purpose of travel, this will help the doctors and other health workers get to their
destination in time as in tough times of the COVID-19 pandemic these people hold
the highest priority.
Through our ticket booking system we will try to reduce the transit time for users
as much as possible thus saving time and comparatively reducing the risk of the
individual getting infected.
We will also strive to avoid over-occupancy of the public vehicles and ensuring
social distancing by allowing the commuters to board only the allowed seats as
available seats would be arranged in a pattern to facilitate social distancing.
All the money transactions would be done through e-currency thus reducing the
chances of infection being spread through physical currency.
All the users will be able to view the details of nearest available healthcare facility
in case they would need it.
An algorithm to have dynamic bus scheduling will be present to ensure maximum
resource utilization.
This research paper has provided a dependable solution to tackle the growth of
infections of COVID-19 and would facilitate proper public transportation
management post lockdown.

Acknowledgments:
We would like to acknowledge that our team has been implementing this idea as a
solution to the problem statement "Intelligent post lockdown management system
for public transportation"for IBM Hack Challenge 2020.This project is under
progress under the mentor's supervision in the hackathon and we strive to come up
with better ways of practical implementation of our idea, thus promising a broader
future scope.