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Different Computing Paradigms (Parallel and Distributed)

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19 views

Different Computing Paradigms (Parallel and Distributed)

Uploaded by

sivaganesha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Different Computing Paradigms

Over the years different computing paradigms have been developed


and used. In fact different computing paradigms have existed before
the cloud computing paradigm. Let us take a look at all the
computing paradigms below.

1. Distributed Computing :
Distributed computing is defined as a type of computing where
multiple computer systems work on a single problem. Here all the
computer systems are linked together and the problem is divided
into sub-problems where each part is solved by different computer
systems.
The goal of distributed computing is to increase the performance
and efficiency of the system and ensure fault tolerance.
In the below diagram, each processor has its own local memory and
all the processors communicate with each other over a network.

2. Parallel Computing :
Parallel computing is defined as a type of computing where multiple
computer systems are used simultaneously. Here a problem is
broken into sub-problems and then further broken down into
instructions. These instructions from each sub-problem are executed
concurrently on different processors.

Here in the below diagram you can see how the parallel computing
system consists of multiple processors that communicate with each
other and perform multiple tasks over a shared memory
simultaneously.

The goal of parallel computing is to save time and provide


concurrency.

3. Cluster Computing :
A cluster is a group of independent computers that work together to
perform the tasks given.
Cluster computing is defined as a type of computing that consists of
two or more independent computers, referred to as nodes, that work
together to execute tasks as a single machine.

The goal of cluster computing is to increase the performance,


scalability and simplicity of the system.

As you can see in the below diagram, all the nodes, (irrespective of
whether they are a parent node or child node), act as a single entity
to perform the tasks.

4. Grid Computing :
Grid computing is defined as a type of computing where it is
constitutes a network of computers that work together to perform
tasks that may be difficult for a single machine to handle. All the
computers on that network work under the same umbrella and are
termed as a virtual super computer.

The tasks they work on is of either high computing power and


consist of large data sets.
All communication between the computer systems in grid computing
is done on the “data grid”.

The goal of grid computing is to solve more high computational


problems in less time and improve productivity.
5. Utility Computing :
Utility computing is defined as the type of computing where the
service provider provides the needed resources and services to the
customer and charges them depending on the usage of these
resources as per requirement and demand, but not of a fixed rate.

Utility computing involves the renting of resources such as


hardware, software, etc. depending on the demand and the
requirement.

The goal of utility computing is to increase the usage of resources


and be more cost-efficient.
6. Edge Computing :
Edge computing is defined as the type of computing that is focused
on decreasing the long distance communication between the client
and the server. This is done by running fewer processes in the cloud
and moving these processes onto a user’s computer, IoT device or
edge device/server.

The goal of edge computing is to bring computation to the network’s


edge which in turn builds less gap and results in better and closer
interaction.
7. Fog Computing :
Fog computing is defined as the type of computing that acts a
computational structure between the cloud and the data producing
devices. It is also called as “fogging”.

This structure enables users to allocate resources, data, applications


in locations at a closer range within each other.

The goal of fog computing is to improve the overall network


efficiency and performance.
8. Cloud Computing :
Cloud is defined as the usage of someone else’s server to host,
process or store data.
Cloud computing is defined as the type of computing where it is the
delivery of on-demand computing services over the internet on a
pay-as-you-go basis. It is widely distributed, network-based and
used for storage.

There type of cloud are public, private, hybrid and community and
some cloud providers are Google cloud, AWS, Microsoft Azure and
IBM cloud.

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