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Class 7th Data Handling Part 2.

class 7th data handling part 2.

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17 views6 pages

Class 7th Data Handling Part 2.

class 7th data handling part 2.

Uploaded by

Jai Virwani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 3 Data Handling

Collection and Organisation of data in a particular manner makes it


easier for us to understand and interpret data.
Before collecting data, we need to know what we would use it for.
Examples
Performance of your class in Mathematics.
Performance of India in football or in cricket.
Female literacy rate in a given area, or
The number of children below the age of five in the families around
you.
Average is a number that represents or shows the central tendency of
a group of observations of data.

𝐴𝑟𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛=𝑆𝑢𝑚𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜
The arithmetic mean (AM) or simply mean is defined as follows:

𝑛𝑠
Mean always lies between the greatest and smallest observation of
Range is the difference between the highest and the lowest observation
of the data. i.e. Range = Highest observation – Lowest observation
Mode of a set of observation is the observation that occurs, the most
often e.g. 2 is the mode of a set of numbers 1, 1, 2, 4, 3, 2, 1, 2, 2, 4.
Median refers to the value which lies in the middle of the data with half
of the observations above it and the other half below it.e.g. 24,
36,46,17,18, 25, 35 is given data.Firstly, data is to arranged in
ascending order i.e. 17,18, 24,25, 35,36, 46.Since the median is the
middle observation, therefore 25 is the median.
If the data has an odd number of items, then the median is the middle
number.
If the data has an even number of items, then the median is mean of
two middle numbers.
A bar graph is a representation of numbers using bars of uniform
widths.
Mode of the data is the longest bar if the bar represents frequency.
Double bar graphs help to compare two collections of data at a glance.
The situation that may or may not happen, have a chance of

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡=𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑛
happening.

𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Probability of an event which has no chance of happening is ‘0’.
Probability of an event which is bound to happen is 1.
Collecting DataA given collection of data may not give us a piece of
the specific information related to that data. Before collecting data,
we need to know what we would use it for.
Organisation of DataAfter the collection of data, we have to record
and organize it.Many kinds of data we come across are put in
tabular form. Our school rolls, progress report, index in the notebooks,
temperature record and many others are all in tabular form. Similarly,
census record, a record of the values of shares, the record of DA, the
record of HRA, are all in tabular form.When we put data in a proper
table, it becomes more meaningful. We can then interpret the data
Representative ValuesIn our day-to-day life, we come across many
statements that involve the term ‘average’. Average is a number indicating
the representative of the central value of a group of observations or data.
This representative value or central value is known as measure of central
tendency.Different forms of data need different forms of representative or
central value to describe it.
Arithmetic MeanThe most common representative value is the arithmetic
mean or the mean.Rule: To find the mean, we find the sum of all the
observations and divide this by the number of observations.Result:(i) The
mean of several observations is the value which is equally shared out among
all the observations.(ii) The mean lies in between the greatest and the
smallest observation.
RangeRange = Highest observation – Lowest observation
ModeThe mode of a set of observations is the observation that occurs most
often.
Mode of Large DataPutting the same observations together and counting is
not easy if the number of observations is large. In such cases, we tabulate
the data. Tabulation can begin by putting tally marks and finding the
More than one ModeA set of numbers can have more than one mode.For
example: For numbers 2, 2, 2,3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6,6, 8 ; 2 and 5 both occur
highest (three) times.Therefore, they both are the modes of the data.
MedianMedian is the middle most observation of the data arranged in
ascending or descending order.
Use of Bar Graphs with a Different PurposeBy looking at the bar graph,
we can make deductions about the data.For example, we can say that the
mode is longest bar if the bar represents the frequency.
Choosing a ScaleWe should choose a proper scale so that all the data may
be represented on the available graph paper.
Drawing a double bar graphThese are used when we have to make
comparisons between two collections of data at a glance.
ChanceChance predicts simply a possibility.
What is Probability?Probability is the measure of the chance of a

𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠Note: Two
particular event. It is measured as

outcomes are said to be equally likely if we cannot expect one in preference


to the other.

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