RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS AND ENGINEERING

UNIT-1
Introduction to Cloud Computing:

• Cloud computing is a model for delivering computing services over the internet.
• It involves the provision of on-demand access to a shared pool of computing
resources, including servers, storage, databases, networking, software applications,
and other services.
• Instead of relying on local infrastructure and physical servers, cloud computing
allows users to access and utilize these resources remotely, through the internet, on
a pay-as-you-go basis.
• The fundamental concept behind cloud computing is the abstraction of hardware
and infrastructure management.
• It enables users to focus on utilizing computing resources without having to worry
about the underlying infrastructure's maintenance and management.
• Cloud computing providers handle the hardware, networking, and virtualization
aspects, allowing users to allocate and scale resources as needed.

Cloud computing offers several key advantages:

1. Scalability: Cloud services can quickly scale up or down to meet changing demands.
Users can easily increase or decrease resource allocation, allowing for flexibility and cost
efficiency.
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

2. Accessibility: Cloud services are accessible over the internet from anywhere, providing
users with the ability to access their applications and data on various devices.

3. Cost savings: Cloud computing follows a pay-as-you-go model, where users only pay
for the resources they use. This eliminates the need for upfront infrastructure investments
and allows organizations to reduce their capital expenditures.

4. Reliability and resilience: Cloud providers typically have redundant systems and data
centers, ensuring high availability and reliability. They also employ various data backup
and disaster recovery mechanisms to protect against data loss.

5. Collaboration and scalability: Cloud services facilitate collaboration among users by

enabling real-time data sharing and collaboration on shared documents. It also allows
organizations to scale their applications and services globally, reaching a broader
audience.
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

Cloud computing is typically categorized into three main service models:

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): It provides virtualized computing resources such as

virtual machines, storage, and networking infrastructure. Users have control over the
operating systems and applications running on the infrastructure.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): PaaS offers a platform for developing, testing, and
deploying applications. It provides a higher level of abstraction, allowing developers to
focus on application development without worrying about underlying infrastructure.

3. Software as a Service (SaaS): SaaS delivers software applications over the internet.
Users can access and use these applications without needing to install or maintain them
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

locally. Examples of SaaS include web-based email, customer relationship management

(CRM) software, and collaboration tools.

• Cloud computing has revolutionized the way organizations and individuals leverage
technology resources.
• It has facilitated innovation, improved scalability, and reduced costs for businesses
of all sizes.
• By leveraging the power of the cloud, users can focus on their core competencies
and leave the management and maintenance of infrastructure to cloud providers.

Definition of Cloud:

• In the context of computing, the term "cloud" refers to a network of remote servers
that are interconnected and accessed over the internet.
• These servers are typically located in data centers operated by cloud service
providers.
• The cloud provides on-demand access to a wide range of computing resources,
including storage, processing power, networking, and software applications.
• The concept of the cloud is based on the idea of delivering computing services and
resources as a utility, similar to how electricity is provided from a power grid.
• Users can access and use these resources as needed, without having to worry about
the underlying infrastructure or physical hardware.
• The term "cloud" originated from the use of cloud-shaped symbols to represent the
internet in network diagrams.
• Instead of specifying specific server locations or infrastructure details, the cloud
symbol was used to represent the complex network of servers and services that were
accessible over the internet.
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

• Cloud computing has become increasingly popular due to its flexibility, scalability,
and cost efficiency.
• It allows individuals and organizations to leverage computing resources without the
need for upfront investments in hardware and infrastructure.
• The cloud enables users to store and access data, run applications, and utilize
various services from any location with internet connectivity.

Evolution of Cloud Computing:

• The evolution of cloud computing can be traced back several decades, and it has
undergone significant advancements and transformations over time.
• Here's a brief overview of the key stages in the evolution of cloud computing:
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

1. Mainframe Computing (1950s-1960s): In the early days of computing, large

mainframe computers were used to process data and perform calculations. Users accessed
these mainframes through terminals, but the processing and storage were centralized.

2. Client-Server Computing (1980s-1990s): With the rise of personal computers, client-

server architecture became popular. Applications were developed to run on local servers,
and clients (desktop computers) connected to these servers to access the applications and
data. While the processing power was distributed, the storage and management of
resources were still centralized.
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

3. Grid Computing (1990s-2000s): Grid computing emerged as a distributed computing

model where multiple computers across different locations were connected to form a
virtual supercomputer. It allowed organizations to share computing resources and
collaborate on large-scale scientific and research projects.

4. Utility Computing (2000s): Utility computing introduced the concept of computing

resources being delivered as a utility, similar to electricity or water services. It involved
the provision of computing resources on-demand and paid for based on usage. This paved
the way for the commercialization of cloud computing.

5. Virtualization (2000s): Virtualization technology played a crucial role in the evolution

of cloud computing. It allowed multiple virtual machines (VMs) to run on a single
physical server, enabling better resource utilization and flexibility. Virtualization made it
easier to manage and allocate computing resources.

6. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) (2006-present): Amazon Web Services (AWS)

introduced the concept of IaaS, where users could provision virtualized computing
resources over the internet. It offered scalable and flexible infrastructure, including virtual
machines, storage, and networking, allowing users to build and manage their own
applications and environments.

7. Platform as a Service (PaaS) (2007-present): PaaS took cloud computing a step further
by providing a platform for developing, deploying, and managing applications. It
abstracted away the underlying infrastructure, allowing developers to focus solely on
application development, without having to manage servers or infrastructure.
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

8. Software as a Service (SaaS) (2000s-present): SaaS is a model where software

applications are delivered over the internet, eliminating the need for local installation and
maintenance. Users can access and use these applications through web browsers or
dedicated client interfaces.

9. Hybrid and Multi-Cloud (2010s-present): The hybrid and multi-cloud approaches

emerged as organizations sought to leverage a combination of public and private cloud
resources. Hybrid cloud combines on-premises infrastructure with public cloud services,
while multi-cloud involves using multiple cloud service providers to meet specific needs
and avoid vendor lock-in.

10. Edge Computing (2010s-present): Edge computing focuses on processing and

analyzing data at or near the source, rather than relying on centralized cloud resources. It
aims to reduce latency, improve performance, and address data privacy concerns by
bringing computation closer to the edge devices and users.

The evolution of cloud computing has transformed the way organizations and individuals
utilize and access computing resources. It has revolutionized business processes, enabled
innovation, and provided greater agility, scalability, and cost efficiency.

Underlying Principles of Parallel and Distributed Computing:

• Parallel and distributed computing are two closely related fields that aim to
efficiently process large amounts of data or perform complex computations by
utilizing multiple computing resources.
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Autonomous
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

• While they share some common principles, there are also distinct characteristics
that define each approach.
• Here are the underlying principles of parallel and distributed computing:

Parallel Computing:

1. Task Decomposition: Parallel computing involves breaking down a larger task into
smaller subtasks that can be executed concurrently. This decomposition allows different
parts of the computation to be processed simultaneously, potentially reducing the overall
execution time.

2. Data Dependency: In parallel computing, it is crucial to identify and manage data

dependencies between different subtasks. Dependencies determine the order in which
tasks can be executed and how they can communicate with each other.

3. Shared Memory or Message Passing: Parallel computing can be achieved through

shared memory or message passing models. In shared memory systems, multiple
processing units share a common memory space and can directly access and modify
shared data. In message passing systems, processes communicate by exchanging messages
through a communication network.

4. Load Balancing: Load balancing is essential in parallel computing to distribute the

workload evenly across the available processing units. It aims to optimize resource
utilization and minimize idle time among processors.
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Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

5. Synchronization: Synchronization mechanisms ensure that parallel tasks or processes

coordinate their execution to maintain consistency and avoid conflicts when accessing
shared resources. Techniques such as locks, barriers, and semaphores are commonly used
for synchronization.

Distributed Computing:

1. Task Distribution: Distributed computing involves dividing a computational task into

smaller units and distributing them across multiple networked computers or nodes. Each
node independently processes its assigned portion of the task.

2. Message Passing: Distributed computing primarily relies on message passing for

communication between nodes. Nodes exchange messages containing data or instructions
to coordinate their actions and share information.

3. Fault Tolerance: Distributed systems often encounter failures due to hardware or

software issues, network disruptions, or node failures. Fault tolerance mechanisms are
employed to ensure system reliability and availability, including redundancy, replication,
and error detection and recovery techniques.

4. Scalability: Distributed computing architectures are designed to scale horizontally by

adding more nodes to handle increasing workloads. The system should be capable of
efficiently utilizing the added resources without compromising performance.

5. Consistency and Coordination: Ensuring consistency in distributed systems can be

challenging due to the lack of a shared memory and potential network delays. Various
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Autonomous
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Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

techniques, such as distributed algorithms and consensus protocols, are employed to

maintain consistency and coordinate the actions of different nodes.

6. Heterogeneity: Distributed computing systems often involve a diverse range of

hardware, software platforms, and network configurations. Managing this heterogeneity
and enabling interoperability between different components is a critical consideration in
distributed computing.

• Both parallel and distributed computing aim to harness the power of multiple
computing resources to achieve better performance, increased throughput, and solve
computationally intensive problems.
• However, parallel computing typically focuses on shared-memory architectures,
while distributed computing deals with networked systems where nodes have
limited knowledge of the global state and may operate independently.

Cloud Characteristics:

• Cloud computing exhibits several key characteristics that distinguish it from

traditional computing models.
• These characteristics include:
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Autonomous
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

1. On-Demand Self-Service: Cloud computing provides users with the ability to provision
computing resources, such as virtual machines, storage, and applications, on-demand
without requiring human interaction with the cloud service provider. Users can access and
manage these resources through a self-service interface.

2. Broad Network Access: Cloud services are accessible over the network and can be
accessed by users from various devices with internet connectivity. Users can access cloud
resources using standard protocols and interfaces, enabling ubiquitous access.

3. Resource Pooling: Cloud computing providers consolidate computing resources, such

as processing power, storage, and bandwidth, into a shared pool that is dynamically
allocated to users based on demand. Multiple users can access and utilize these pooled
resources simultaneously, allowing for efficient resource utilization and scalability.

4. Rapid Elasticity: Cloud resources can be rapidly scaled up or down to meet changing
demand. Users can easily adjust resource allocation based on their needs, such as
increasing processing power during peak usage and scaling it down during periods of low
demand. This elasticity allows for flexibility and cost optimization.

5. Measured Service: Cloud computing services are typically metered, and usage is
measured and monitored. Providers track resource consumption and provide users with
transparent and detailed information about their usage. This measured service model
enables users to pay for the resources they consume, promoting cost transparency and
efficiency.
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Autonomous
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

6. Multi-Tenancy: Cloud computing platforms often support multiple users or tenants

who share the same underlying infrastructure and resources. Tenants are logically isolated
from each other, and their data and applications are kept separate and secure.

7. Scalability and Resilience: Cloud computing services are designed to be highly

scalable and resilient. Providers employ redundant systems, data replication, and
geographically distributed data centers to ensure high availability and fault tolerance. This
helps minimize downtime and ensures business continuity.

8. Service-Level Agreements (SLAs): Cloud service providers often offer service-level

agreements that define the quality and availability of their services. SLAs specify
performance guarantees, uptime commitments, and support levels to establish clear
expectations between the provider and the user.

• These characteristics enable cloud computing to deliver flexible, scalable, and cost-
effective computing resources to users.
• They promote efficiency, agility, and accessibility, allowing organizations and
individuals to focus on their core competencies while relying on cloud providers for
infrastructure and services.

Elasticity in Cloud:

• Elasticity in the context of cloud computing refers to the ability of a cloud system to
automatically scale its resources up or down based on the current workload
demands.
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Autonomous
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Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

• It allows the cloud infrastructure to dynamically allocate and deallocate resources

in real-time, matching the computing resources to the changing needs of
applications or services.

Here are some key points to understand about elasticity in the cloud:

1. Scalability: Elasticity is closely related to scalability. Scalability refers to the ability to

handle increased workload by adding more resources. Elasticity takes scalability a step
further by enabling the automatic provisioning and deprovisioning of resources based on
demand.

2. Resource Allocation: Elasticity involves the allocation of various resources, such as

computing power (CPU), memory, storage, and network bandwidth. When the demand
increases, additional resources are automatically provisioned to ensure optimal
performance. Conversely, when the demand decreases, resources are scaled down to avoid
unnecessary costs.

3. Horizontal and Vertical Scaling: Elasticity can be achieved through horizontal or

vertical scaling. Horizontal scaling involves adding or removing instances of resources,
such as virtual machines or containers, to handle increased or decreased workload.
Vertical scaling, on the other hand, involves adjusting the capacity of individual resources,
such as increasing the CPU or memory of an instance.

4. Autoscaling: Autoscaling is a common feature provided by cloud service providers to

achieve elasticity. It allows users to define scaling policies or rules based on specific
metrics, such as CPU utilization or network traffic. When these metrics breach certain
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

thresholds, autoscaling triggers the automatic provisioning or deprovisioning of resources

accordingly.

5. Cost Optimization: Elasticity helps optimize costs in the cloud. By scaling resources up
or down based on demand, organizations can avoid overprovisioning and only pay for the
resources they actually need. This flexibility allows businesses to handle peak loads
efficiently without the need to maintain excess capacity during periods of lower demand.

6. High Availability: Elasticity also contributes to high availability. By automatically

scaling resources, cloud systems can distribute workloads across multiple instances,
ensuring redundancy and fault tolerance. If one instance fails, the workload can be
seamlessly shifted to other available instances, minimizing downtime and maintaining
service continuity.

• Overall, elasticity in the cloud enables organizations to achieve greater efficiency,

cost-effectiveness, and responsiveness to changing demands.
• It is a fundamental characteristic of cloud computing that helps optimize resource
utilization and deliver scalable and reliable services.

On-demand Provisioning:
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Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
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• On-demand provisioning is a feature of cloud computing that allows users to

quickly and dynamically provision computing resources as needed, without the
need for manual intervention or upfront commitments.
• It enables users to obtain resources, such as virtual machines, storage, or
networking, on an as-needed basis, typically through a self-service interface
provided by the cloud service provider.

Here are some key points about on-demand provisioning:

1. Resource Availability: Cloud service providers maintain a pool of computing resources

that are readily available for users to provision on-demand. These resources are typically
hosted in data centers and are accessible over the internet.

2. Self-Service Provisioning: With on-demand provisioning, users have the ability to

provision resources themselves, without requiring assistance from the cloud provider's
support team. Users can access a web-based portal, command-line interface (CLI), or
application programming interface (API) to request and configure the desired resources.

3. Rapid Resource Provisioning: On-demand provisioning enables users to obtain

resources quickly, often within minutes or even seconds. The cloud service provider's
infrastructure can rapidly allocate the requested resources from the available pool,
allowing users to start using them immediately.

4. Pay-as-You-Go Model: On-demand provisioning is closely tied to the pay-as-you-go

pricing model of cloud computing. Users are billed based on the actual usage of the
 RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Autonomous
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited by NBA (CIV, ECE, MECH, CSE), NAAC with ‘A’ grade
& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

provisioned resources, typically measured in terms of the time the resources are active and
the quantity of resources consumed (e.g., CPU usage, storage capacity). This model
provides cost flexibility, as users only pay for what they use, without upfront costs or
long-term commitments.

5. Scalability: On-demand provisioning plays a crucial role in enabling the scalability of

cloud-based applications and services. When the workload increases, users can quickly
provision additional resources to handle the higher demand. Conversely, when the
workload decreases, resources can be released or deprovisioned, avoiding unnecessary
costs.

6. Flexibility and Agility: On-demand provisioning offers users the flexibility and agility
to respond to changing business requirements. It allows organizations to quickly adapt to
workload fluctuations, seasonal demands, or new project requirements, without having to
invest in and manage on-premises infrastructure.

Types of cloud computing:

There are three main types of cloud computing deployments: public cloud, private cloud,
and hybrid cloud. Let's explore each type:
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

1. Public Cloud: In a public cloud, computing resources, such as servers, storage, and
applications, are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider. These
resources are made available to the general public or organizations over the internet.
Public cloud services are typically delivered on a pay-as-you-go model, allowing users to
scale resources up or down based on their needs. Examples of public cloud providers
include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.

2. Private Cloud: A private cloud is a cloud infrastructure dedicated to a single

organization. It is either hosted internally within the organization's own data center or
provided by a third-party vendor exclusively for that organization. Private clouds offer
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Autonomous
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
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greater control, security, and customization compared to public clouds. They are often
used by organizations with specific compliance requirements, sensitive data, or a need for
extensive customization. Private clouds can be managed and maintained by the
organization's internal IT team or outsourced to a managed service provider.

3. Hybrid Cloud: Hybrid cloud is a combination of public and private cloud environments,
where organizations utilize both public and private cloud services. It allows for the
integration and movement of workloads and data between the two environments based on
factors such as cost, performance, security, and compliance requirements. Hybrid cloud
provides flexibility and scalability by leveraging the advantages of public cloud resources
while keeping sensitive data or critical workloads in a private cloud. It enables
organizations to achieve a balance between control and cost-effectiveness.

In addition to these main types, there are also variations and specialized cloud computing
models, such as:

- Community Cloud: A community cloud is a shared infrastructure that serves a specific

community or group of organizations with shared concerns, such as common compliance
requirements or industry regulations.

- Multi-Cloud: Multi-cloud refers to the use of multiple cloud service providers,

combining services from different providers to meet specific requirements. It provides
organizations with flexibility, avoids vendor lock-in, and enables workload optimization
across different cloud platforms.
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Autonomous
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& Permanently Affiliated to JNTU-GV Vizianagaram)
Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam Dist. – 531 162 (A.P.)
Ph: +91-8922-248001, 248002 Fax: + 91-8922-248011
e-mail: [email protected] website: www.raghuenggcollege.com

Each type of cloud computing deployment offers distinct advantages and considerations.
Organizations choose the appropriate type based on their specific requirements, budget,
security concerns, data sensitivity, and desired level of control over resources. Many
organizations also adopt a hybrid cloud approach to leverage the benefits of both public
and private cloud environments.