K. J.

Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

Batch: Roll No.:

Experiment / assignment / tutorial No.
Grade: AA / AB / BB / BC / CC / CD /DD

Signature of the Staff In-charge with date

IT Title: NumPy library of Python

AIM: To explore the Numpy library of Python

______________________________________________________________________
Expected OUTCOME of Experiment:

CO5: Use Numpy Library functions

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Resource Needed: Python IDE
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Theory:
NumPy: A Python library used for working with arrays.
• It also has functions for working in the domain of linear algebra, Fourier transform,
and matrices.
• NumPy stands for Numerical Python.
• The array object in NumPy is called ndarray, it provides a lot of supporting functions
that make working with ndarray very easy.

For Installation of NumPy:

• pip install numpy

Example
import numpy

arr=numpy.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

print(arr)
output:?

For the creation of NumPy ndarray Object:

• NumPy is used to work with arrays. The array object in NumPy is
called ndarray.

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

• We can create a NumPy ndarray object by using the array() function.

Example:

import numpy as np
arr=np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(arr)
print(type(arr))

Creating ndarrays:

array = np.array([[0,1,2],[2,3,4]])
output:
[[0 1 2]
[2 3 4]]

array = np.zeros((2,3))
[[0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0.]]

array = np.ones((2,3))
[[1. 1. 1.]
[1. 1. 1.]]

array = np.eye(3)
[[1. 0. 0.]
[0. 1. 0.]
[0. 0. 1.]]

array = np.arange(0, 10, 2)

[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]

array = np.random.randint(0, 10, (3,3))

[[6 4 3]
[1 5 6]
[9 8 5]]

Slicing arrays
Slicing in Python means taking elements from one given index to another given index.
We pass slice instead of index like this: [start: end].
We can also define the step, like this: [start:end: step].

Arithmetic with NumPy Arrays:

Any arithmetic operations between equal-size arrays apply the operation element-wise
arr = np.array([[1., 2., 3.], [4., 5., 6.]])
print(arr)

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

[[1. 2. 3.]
[4. 5. 6.]]

print(arr * arr)
[[ 1. 4. 9.]
[16. 25. 36.]]

print(arr - arr)
[[0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 0.]]

● Shape of an Array
o The shape of an array is the number of elements in each dimension.
● Reshaping arrays
o Reshaping means changing the shape of an array.
o The shape of an array is the number of elements in each dimension.
o By reshaping we can add or remove dimensions or change the number of
elements
o in each dimension.
● Iterating Arrays
o Iterating means going through elements one by one.
o As we deal with multi-dimensional arrays in numpy, we can do this using the
basic
o for loop of Python. If we iterate on a 1-D array it will go through each
element
o one by one.
● Joining NumPy Arrays
o Joining means putting the contents of two or more arrays in a single array.
o In SQL we join tables based on a key, whereas in NumPy we join arrays by
axes.
o We pass a sequence of arrays that we want to join to the concatenate()
function, along with the axis. If the axis is not explicitly passed, it is taken as
0.
● Splitting NumPy Arrays
o Splitting is the reverse operation of Joining.
o Joining merges multiple arrays into one and Splitting breaks one array into
multiple.
o We use array_split() for splitting arrays, we pass it the array we want to split
and the number of splits.
● NumPy Searching Arrays
o You can search an array for a certain value, and return the indexes that get a
match.
o To search an array, use the where() method.
● Sorting Arrays

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

o Sorting means putting elements in an ordered sequence.

o An ordered sequence is any sequence that has an order corresponding to
elements, like numeric or alphabetical, ascending or descending.
o The NumPy ndarray object has a function called sort(), that will sort a
specified array.
● NumPy Filter Array
o Getting some elements out of an existing array and creating a new array out
of them is called filtering. In NumPy, you filter an array using a boolean
index list.

1. Problem statement:

Python Code Output

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8]]) (2,4)

print(arr.shape)

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]) [[ 1 2 3]

newarr = arr.reshape(4, 3) [ 4 5 6]

print(newarr) [ 7 8 9]

[10 11 12]]

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3]) 1

for x in arr: 2

print(x) 3

import numpy as np The

arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3]) [1 2 3 4 5 6]

arr2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])

arr = np.concatenate((arr1, arr2))

print(arr)

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

import numpy as np [array([1, 2]),

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) array([3, 4]),

newarr = np.array_split(arr, 3) array([5, 6])]

print(newarr)

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4]) (array([3, 5, 6], dtype=int64),)

x = np.where(arr == 4)

print(x)

import numpy as np import numpy as nparr = np.array

arr = np.array([3, 2, 0, 1]) ([3, 2, 0, 1])print(np.sort(arr))

print(np.sort(arr))

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([41, 42, 43, 44])

x = [True, False, True, False]

newarr = arr[x] [41 43]

print(newarr)

2. Write a Python program to calculate the sum of all columns in a 2D NumPy array.

3. Create two NumPy arrays representing monthly high and low temperatures for a year.
Calculate the monthly average temperatures, and the overall average high and low
temperatures, and identify the months with the highest and lowest average temperatures.

Books/ Journals/ Websites referred:

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

1. Reema Thareja, Python Programming: Using Problem-Solving Approach, Oxford

University Press, First Edition 2017, India
2. Sheetal Taneja and Naveen Kumar, Python Programming: A modular Approach, Pearson
India, Second Edition 2018, India

Implementation details:

Output(s):

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Mumbai-77

(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)

Department of Science and Humanities

Conclusion:

Post Lab Descriptive Questions

1. Generate a random integer from 0 to 100 using the NumPy random function.
2. Explain the slicing of 2-D Array

Date: _____________ Signature of faculty in-charge

PP Sem I/ 2024-2025