SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531

FORM FOUR: Chapter 4 A. The size of the molecules of the gas.

4.4 Gases Laws B. The number of molecules per unit volume of the gas.
Paper 1: Objective questions section C. The average speed of the molecules of the gas.
D. The average distance between the molecules of the gas.
Year 1976 E. The frequency of collisions between the molecules of the gas.
26. Which of the following statements can be considered as consistent with the kinetic
theory model of gases? 9. An experiment has been carried out to study the change of pressure with temperature for
I When heat energy is supplied to a gas, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules is a fixed mass of a gas enclosed in a flask. Which of the following graphs shows the
increased. correct relationship between the pressure and temperature?
II At zero degree celsius (centigrade) the average kinetic energy of the molecules is zero.
III The pressure of a gas is due to the continuous bombardment of the molecules on the
walls of the container.
IV The molecules of a gas at a given temperature have the same speed in different
directions.
A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
C. II, IV only D. IV only A. B.
E. I, II, III, IV

28. The outlet of a bicycle pump is sealed. The handle is then pushed quickly towards the
sealed end. What happens to the air molecules inside the pump?
I The average speed increases.
II The average distance between the molecules increases.
III The average kinetic energy increases.
C. D.
IV The number of molecules increases.
A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
C. II, IV only D. IV only
E. I, II, III, IV

Year 1978
27. When a gas in a closed container is heated, which of the following statements about its
molecules will be true? E.
I The gas molecules will expand.
II The motion of the molecules will be slowed down. 27. Before a long journey, a driver checks and notes the pressure of the air in the tyres of
III The average distance between the molecules will decrease. his car. At the end of the journey he finds that the pressure has risen. This is because
IV The number of collisions per second of the molecules on the walls of the container will I the temperature of the air in the tyres has increased.
increase. II the air molecules in the tyres are moving more rapidly.
A. I, II, III only B. I, III only III the air in the tyres cannot expand freely.
C. II, IV only D. IV only IV the rubber of the tyres has expanded.
E. I, II, III, IV A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
C. II, IV only D. IV only
Year 1979 E. I, II, III, IV
5. Which of the following remains unchanged when a gas in an enclosed vessel is suddenly
compressed?
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
Year 1983

Fig. 16
31. A small amount of air is trapped by a column of mercury in a vertical capillary tube as
shown in Fig. 16. When the tube is heated, which of the following statements about the
trapped air is (are) true?
I Its volume increases
II Its pressure remains constant.
Fig. 4 III Its pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure.
6. Fig. 4 shows a uniform glass tube containing a small amount of air trapped in it. At a IV Its density increases.
temperature of 15 °C, the length of the column of the trapped air is 24 cm. If the A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
surrounding air pressure remains the same, what will be the length of the air column at C. II, IV only D. IV only
87 °C? E. I, II, III, IV
A. 17.2 cm B. 19.2 cm
C. 30.0 cm D. 96.0 cm Year 1984
E. 115.2 cm

Fig. 4
6. Fig. 4 shows a syringe whose end has been plugged with an air-tight stopper. When the
air-tight piston is pushed into the syringe’s cylinder a resistance to the motion of piston
into the cylinder is observed. This resistance is due to …
A. the attractive forces that exist between the air molecules
B. the decrease in the pressure of the air outside the syringe
C. the force of attraction that exists between the air molecules and the wall of the cylinder
D. the increase in the rate of collision between the air molecules and the surface of the
piston
Fig. 15 E. the increase in the friction between the piston and the cylinder
29. Fig. 15 shows a manometer connected to a closed vessel containing nitrogen at
atmospheric pressure. What will happen if the vessel is cooled? 7. A balloon is filled with air at atmospheric pressure. It is submerged in water and taken
I The average speed of the nitrogen molecules in the vessel will decrease. down until its volume decreases to 13 its original volume. How deep is the balloon now
II The rate of collision between the nitrogen molecules and the walls of the vessel will under the surface of the water? [Assume that the temperature of the water remains
decrease. constant and take the density of water as 103 kg m-3 and the atmospheric pressure as 105
III The pressure in the vessel will decrease. N m-2 or 10 m water.]
IV The mercury level Y will fall. A. 3.3 m B. 10.0 m
A. I, II, III only B. I, III only C. 20.0 m D. 25.0m
C. II, IV only D. IV only E. 40.0 m
E. I, II, III, IV
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
Year 1986
6. The volume of an air bubble released by a diver becomes 1.5 times its original volume 29. In an experiment observing Brown motion in a smoke cell, the motion of the smoke
when the bubble reaches the surface of the sea. If the atmospheric pressure at the surface particles can be fastened by …
of the sea is equivalent to 10.0 m of sea water, at what depth from the surface of the sea I heating the air inside the cell
is the diver? II decreasing the number of smoke particles inside the cell
A. 5.0 m B. 6.7 m III using smaller smoke particles
C. 10.0 m D. 15.0 m IV using a bigger smoke cell
E. 25.0 m A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
C. II, IV only D. IV only
27. When a gas inside an air tight cylinder is compressed at constant temperature, the gas E. I, II, III, IV
pressure increases. This is due to the increase in the
I mass of the gas molecules II speed of the gas molecules Year 1991
III number of the gas molecules IV rate of collision of the gas molecules
A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
C. II, IV only D. IV only
E. I, II, III, IV

Year 1988
6. A gas in an enclosed container produces a constant pressure. This is because the gas Diagram 3
molecules … 6. Diagram 3 shows an air pump used to pump a balloon. When the pressure P1 in the pump
A. move randomly B. move with the same velocity is 500 mm Hg, the length of air column in the pump is l. The pressure P2 in the balloon
C. move with the same acceleration D. collide with one another is 1500 mm Hg. The valve of pump will open at the instant P1 starts exceeding P2. What
E. collide with the wall of the container continuously. is the length of the air column in the pump at the instant the valve starts to open?
A. ½ l B. 13 1
Year 1989 2
C. ½ l D. 3
l
E. ¾ l

31. Which among the followings is (are) true about the temperature of absolute zero?
I Same with temperature 273 °C
II The temperature at the instant the water freezes
III The temperature at the instant the mass of molecules is zero
IV The temperature at the instant the kinetic energy of molecules is zero
A. I, II, III only B. I, III only
(i) (ii) C. II, IV only D. IV only
Diagram 3 E. I, II, III, IV
9. Diagram 3 (i) shows a cylinder containing a quantity of gas at atmospheric pressure. The
gas is heated until the height of the gas column gas is two times of its original height, as Year 1993
shown in Diagram 3 (ii). If the initial temperature of gas is 30 °C, how much is the final 12. Diagram 4 shows a vertical uniform glass tube and contains a little air trapped inside it
temperature of the gas? [Assume that the pressure of gas does not change.] by a mercury column. The length of the trapped air and the length of mercury column
A. 15 °C B. 60 °C are 6 cm and 4 cm respectively. Then the mercury is added into the glass tube. What is
C. 303 °C D. 333 °C the length of the mercury column when the length of the trapped air is 5 cm?
E. 606 °C [Assume that the atmospheric pressure is 76 cm Hg]
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
10. Diagram 5 shows arrangement of apparatus containing a trapped air’s column which is
immersed in warm water. The warm water is heated and the length, l, of trapped air’s
column is measured at temperature, T, of the water, in unit kelvin. Among the following
graphs which shows the relationship correctly between Tl and T?

Diagram 4 A. B.
A. 16 cm B. 20 cm
C. 63 cm D. 80 cm

Year 1994

Diagram 4 C. D.
8. A syringe has an airtight piston and with the end tightly closed. When the piston of the
syringe is pulled as shown in Diagram 4, which of the quantities will increase? Year 1995
A. The air pressure in the syringe. 13. Among the following graphs which shows the relationship between the gas pressure, P,
B. The number of air molecules in the syringe. and the absolute temperature, T, for a unit mass of gas at constant volume?
C. The average speed of air molecules in the syringe.
D. The average distance between the air molecules in the syringe.

9. The air pressure in a car tyre before starting a journey is 25 kPa and the temperature of
air is 27 °C. After a long journey it is found that the air pressure in the tyre becomes 30
kPa. How much is the temperature of the air in the tyre after the journey?
[Assume that the volume of air in the tyre remains; 0 °C = 273 K] A. B.
A. 27.8 °C B. 32.4 °C
C. 49.5 °C D. 87.0 °C

C. D.

34. When there is a light beam in a dark room we can see the random motion of the dust in
air. This motion is due to …
I the dust is light.
II the convection of air happened inside the room.
III the light gives energy to the dust particles.
Diagram 5 IV the dust particles are collided by the air molecules.
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
A. IV only B. I and III only
C. II, III and IV only D. I, II, III and IV

Year 1996
9. A balloon is filled with a gas at atmospheric pressure. The balloon is then immerged
into water until its volume is ¼ of original volume. What is the depth of the balloon, in
m, under the water surface?
[The atmospheric pressure is 10 m water]
A. 10.0 B. 12.5
C. 30.0 D. 50.0
Diagram 19
31. Among the following statements which explains how a pressure cooker can cook in the I h1 remains at 5 cm II h1 is less than 5 cm
shortest time? III h2 remains at 76 cm IV h2 is more than 76 cm
I A strong flame is used A. I and III only B. I and IV only
II The heat loss in the cooker is small C. II and III only D. II and IV only
III The pressure in the cooker is high
IV The boiling temperature of water in the cooker is high Year 1998
A. I and IV only B. III and IV only
C. I, II and III only D. I, III and IV only

Diagram 7
16. Diagram 7 shows the arrangement of apparatus used to verify pressure law of gas for a
Diagram 16 fixed volume. Among the following steps which is needed to be done to ensure that the
35. Two identical flasks X and Y, are linked as shown in Diagram 16. X has been filled with volume of air is always constant?
a gas at high pressure and Y is a vacuum. At the beginning, the clip is tightly closed. A. Always stir the water B. Add the volume of mercury at Q
Among the following physical quantities which will change at the instant the clip is C. Add the ice cubes in the beaker D. Maintain the mercury’s level at position P
opened?
I The temperature of gas II The pressure of gas
III The mass of gas IV The density of gas
A I and III only B. II and III only
C. II and IV only D. I, II and IV only

Year 1997
36. An air space is trapped by a mercury column in a tube J as shown in Diagram 19 with
the situations h1 is 5 cm and h2 is 76 cm. Among the followings which is (are) true about
the length of h1 and h2 when a little mercury is added to the opened arm of the tube J?
Diagram 12
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
24. Diagram 12 shows a balloon is put inside an airtight cylinder. What happens to the A. 1 P B. ½ P
3
balloon when the piston is pressed until level Q?
A. Vibrate B. Explode C. 2 P D. 3 P
C. Contract D. Expand
Year 2002
Year 1999
6. At atmospheric pressure and room temperature, it is found that a gas is less dense than
a liquid because the gas molecules …
A. is lighter B. move faster
C. move randomly D. are further apart among one another

18. Among the followings which is true about argon gas inside a filament bulb during its
lighting?
[Assume the glass of the bulb is not affected by the temperature]
Pressure The number of molecule Density Diagram 6 (i) Diagram 6 (ii) Diagram 6 (iii)
A. Increases Constant Constant 11. An air column is trapped in a capillary tube containing mercury. The capillary tube is
B. Increases Increases Increases put in three different situations as shown in Diagrams 6 (i), (ii) and (iii).
C. Decreases Constant Decreases Among the comparisons about the pressure of the trapped air, P1, P2 and P3, which is
D. Constant Constant Constant true?
A. P1 > P2 > P3 B. P1 = P2 = P3
Year 2000 C. P1 < P2 < P3 D. P1 = P2 > P3
8. A balloon filled with helium gas of volume x m3 and pressure 1.0  105 Pa is released
into the air. What is the volume of the balloon, in m3, when staying in the air of pressure Year 2003
4.0  104 Pa? 14. The diagram shows the motion of a smoke particle seen through a microscope.
[Assume than the mass of helium gas in the balloon and the temperature of air are
constant]
A. 0.4 x B. 0.8 x
C. 2.5 x D. 4.0 x

Year 2001 The motion is due to the smoke particle …

A. gaining kinetic energy from the light. B. being smaller than the air molecules.
C. colliding with the all of a container. D. being hit by the air molecules.

23. The diagram shows an air bubble formed by a diver.

Diagram 5
10. Diagram 5 shows an airtight piston trapping a quantity of gas in a cylinder with uniform
cross sectional area. When the piston is at position K, the gas pressure is P.
How much is the gas pressure in the cylinder if the piston is pushed to position L?
[Assume the temperature of gas is constant]
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
What is the volume of the air bubble at Y if its volume at X is 6.0 cm3? Assume the 23. The air pressure in a car tyre is 200 kPa at a temperature of 25 °C. What is the air pressure
atmospheric pressure is equivalent to 10 m of water. in the tyre at a temperature of 37 °C?
A. 2.4 cm3 B. 4.8 cm3 [Assume the volume of the air in the tyre in constant]
3
C. 7.5 cm D. 10.0 cm3 A. 135 kPa B. 190 kPa
3
E. 15.0 cm C. 192 kPa D. 208 kPa
E. 296 kPa
Year 2004
14. Which statement is a basic assumption of the kinetic theory of matter? Year 2007
A. Molecules of all states of matter are always in motion. 22. Which of the following graphs shows the relationship between pressure, P, and
B. The collisions between molecules are not elastic. temperature, T, of a gas at constant volume?
C. The kinetic theory of molecules increases when the temperature decreases. Antara graf berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan hubungan antara tekanan, P, dan suhu,
D. Attractive forces between molecules cause mater to resist compression. T, suatu gas pada isipadu malar?

23. Before a long journey, the air in a car tyre has a pressure of 128 kPa and a temperature
of 27 C. After the journey the air pressure in the tyre is 132 kPa. Which expression
determines the temperature of the air in the tyre after the journey?
[Assume the volume of the tyre is constant]
A. (27 + 273) C B. ( 132128 27 ) C
A. B.
128  27  300
C. ( 132 ) C D. [( 132128 ) – 273] C
E. [( 128132 27 ) – 273] C

Year 2005
19. The diagram shows a bowl of hot rice which is covered with an airtight lid and left to
cool.
C. D.

23. Diagram 13 shows the condition of a plastic bottle which initially contains hot air, before
and after being put into a basin of ice.
Rajah 13 menunjukkan keadaan botol plastik yang pada awalnya mengandungi udara
Why is it difficult to lift the lid when the rice is cold? panas, sebelum dan selepas dimasukkan ke dalam sebuah besen yang berisi ais.
A. Water vapour condenses on the lid
B. The number of air molecules in the bowl has decreased
C. The adhesive force between the water molecules and the lid is strong
D. The air pressure inside the bowl is lower than the atmospheric pressure
Diagram 13 / Rajah 13
Year 2006 The above situation can be explained by
14. Gases are more compressible than solids because Situasi di atas dapat diterangkan oleh
A. size of gas molecules > size of solid molecules A. Boyle’s law B. pressure law
B. density of gas molecules > density of solid molecules hukum Boyle hukum tekanan
C. distance between gas molecules > distance between solid molecules C. Charles’s law
D. force between gas molecules > force between solid molecules hukum Charles

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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
Year 2010 Antara berikut, yang manakah betul mengenai jisim udara dan tenaga kinetik molekul
20. Diagram 15 shows the pressure-temperature graph for a fixed mass of gas at constant udara di dalam bola pingpong itu semasa bola itu diletakkan dalam air panas?
volume. Mass of the air Kinetic energy of the air molecules
Rajah 15 menunjukkan graf tekanan-suhu bagi suatu gas berjisim tetap pada isi padu Jisim udara Tenaga kinetik molekul udara
malar. A. Increases Increases
Bertambah Bertambah
B. Unchanged Unchanged
Tidak berubah Tidak berubah
C. Decreases Unchanged
Berkurang Tidak berubah
D. Unchanged Increases
Tidak berubah Bertambah

Year 2012
19. At 27 °C, a balloon used in a weather forecast has a pressure of 100 kPa. As the balloon
Diagram 15 / Rajah 15 reaches a certain altitude, the pressure decreases to 90 kPa. What is the temperature at
Which statement is correct about the condition of the gas? the altitude?
Pernyataan manakah yang betul mengenai keadaan gas itu? Pada 27 °C, sebiji belon yang digunakan dalam ramalan kaji cuaca mempunyai tekanan
A. The gas pressure is zero at 0 °C 100 kPa. Apabila belon itu mencapai ketinggian tertentu, tekanan berkurang kepada 90
Tekanan gas adalah sifar pada 0°C kPa. Berapakah suhu pada ketigggian itu?
B. The gas molecules are stationary at – 273 °C A. - 3.0 °C B. 3.0 °C
Molekul-molekul gas adalah pegun pada – 273 °C C. 24.3 °C D. 60.3 °C
C. The kinetic energy of the molecules is maximum at – 273 °C
Tenaga kinetik molekul-molekul adalah maksimum pada – 273 °C Year 2014
D. The gas pressure is inversely proportional to the temperature 22. Which graph shows the correct relationship between the volume and the temperature of
Tekanan gas adalah berkadar songsang dengan suhu gas in Charles's Law?
Graf manakah yang menunjukkan hubungan yang betul di antara isi padu dengan suhu
21. Diagram 16.1 shows a dented ping-pong ball. Diagram 16.2 shows the condition of the suatu gas dalam Hukum Charles?
ball after being placed in hot water.
Rajah 16.1 menunjukkan sebiji bola pingpong yang kemek. Rajah 16.2 menunjukkan
keadaan bola itu selepas diletakkan dalam air panas.

A. B.

Diagram 16.1 / Rajah 16.1 Diagram 16.2 / Rajah 16.2

Which of the following is correct about the mass of the air and the kinetic energy of the
air molecules inside the ping-pong ball when the ball is placed in hot water?
C. D.
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
After a long journey, the temperature of the tyre is increased to 60 °C.
23. Diagram 16 shows an air-tight cylinder with a piston. A force, F is applied onto the What is the new pressure?
piston to produce pressure. (Volume of the air in the tyre does not change)
Rajah 16 merutnjukkan silinder kedap udara dengan omboh. Daya F dikenakan pada Selepas satu perjalanan yang jauh, suhu tayar itu meningkat kepada 60 °C.
onboh untuk menghasilkan tekanan. Berapakah tekanan yang baharu?
(Isi padu udara di dalam tayar tidak berubah)
A. 182.0 kPa B. 219.8 kPa
C. 400.0 kPa D. 504.5 kPa

Year 2016
22. Diagram 11 shows a syringe connected to a Bourdon Gauge.
Rajah 11 menunjukkan satu picagari disambungkan ke Tolok Bourdon.

Diagram 16 / Rajah 16
Which graph represents the relationship between pressure (P) and distance of
compression, l?
Graf manakah mewakili hubungan antara tekanan (P) dan jarak mampatan, l?

Diagram 11 / Rajah 11
The reading on Bourdon Gauge is 1.0  105 Pa when the volume of air in the syringe is
40 cm3.
What is the new reading when the volume of air is 10 cm3?
A. B. Bacaan pada Tolok Bourdon ialah 1.0  105 Pa apabila isi padu udara dalam picagari
ialah 40 cm3.
Berapakah bacaan baharu apabila isi padu udara ialah 10 cm3?
A. 4.0  105 Pa B. 2.5  104 Pa
C. 1.0  10 Pa
-5
D. 4.0  10-5 Pa

C. D.

Year 2015
22. Diagram 17 shows the pressure of a car tyre is 200 kPa at temperature 30 °C.
Rajah 17 menunjukkan tekanan pada tayar kereta adalah 200 kPa pada suhu 30 °C.

Diagram 17 / Rajah 17
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
Paper 2: Structured questions section ii) From your graph find the volume of the enclosed air when no mass is placed on piston
Year 1979 A.
iii) Suggest a relationship between the mass placed on piston A and the volume of the
enclosed air.
c) What are the assumptions you have made in obtaining the relationship in (b)(iii)?

Year 1983

Fig. 3
3. Fig. 3 shows a cylinder, closed at its wider end, containing an incompressible liquid.
The narrow end is fitted with piston A which has a cross-sectional area of 1 cm2. The
wider end encloses a fixed mass of air and is fitted with piston B of cross-sectional area
10 cm2. The pressure of the enclosed air is initially equal to the atmospheric pressure 10
N cm-2.
a) A mass of 4 kg is now placed on piston A.
i) Assuming that both the pistons are of negligible weight, calculate the total force exerted
by the liquid on piston B.
ii) What would be the pressure, in N cm-2, of the enclosed air in the cylinder now?
b) Varying masses, m, are placed on piston A and the corresponding lengths, l, of the
column of the enclosed air are noted. The results obtained are tabulated as shown below.
Mass, m / kg 1 2 3 4 5 6
Length, l / cm 5.0 3.3 2.5 2.0 1.7 1.4
1 -1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Fig. 1
l / cm
1. A student performed an experiment to study the variation of pressure with temperature
i) From the above table plot a graph of 1 (y-axis) against m (x-axis) on the axes given
l of a given mass of air at constant volume. He set up the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1.
below The temperature of the air in the flask was obtained by reading the thermometer. The
height of the mercury level in tube X was fixed by adjusting the tube Y until the mercury
level in tube X touched the pointer. The pressure of the air in the flask, in cm Hg, was
obtained from the difference, h, in the height of the mercury level in tube Y and the fixed
height of the mercury level in tube X.
a)i) Why must the height of the mercury level in tube X be fixed?
ii) What is the use of the asbestos sheet in this experiment?
b) The following are the readings obtained in this experiment.
Temperature / C 35 50 65 80 95
Pressure / cm hg 92.4 96.9 101.4 105.9 110.4
i) On the graph paper, draw a graph of pressure against temperature.
Use the following ranges:
x-axis: - 300 °C to 100 °C,
y-axis: 0 cm Hg to 120 cm Hg.
ii) Produce your graph until it cuts the x-axis.
c)i) From your graph obtain the air pressure in the flask at 0 °C.
KHO ST MY PHYSICS Tuition CENTRE
SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
ii)From your graph determine the temperature of air at the pressure 0 cm Hg. i) State the relationship between the mass of load and h.
iii)
What is the name given to this temperature at zero pressure? ii) Sketch a graph to show the relationship between the mass of load and h.
d)i)
Give the name of the temperature scale that starts with zero at zero pressure. iii)State one assumption so that the relationship you stated in (c) (ii) is true.
ii)tate the law involving the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its temperature d)i)The clip on the cylinder in Diagram 1 (ii) is opened and closed again quickly. The piston
that is derived from this temperature scale. descends and then achieves a new equilibrium position above the clip’s level. What is
e) the same student made use of the apparatus in Fig. 1 in an experiment to determine the the pressure of the air trapped?
boiling point of a liquid, but in his experiment he did not make use of the thermometer. ii) Then the clip is let opening. State the equilibrium position of the piston’s surface.
He found that when the flask was immersed in the boiling liquid, the pressure of the air
in the flask was 103 cm Hg. Year 1993
What is the boiling point of the liquid? 2a) State two base assumptions for kinetic theory of matter. [2]
b)i) Explain how an ice block which is pushed into the water will float again to the water’s
Year 1986 surface when released.
1c) A gas bubble is formed at the bottom of a lake. State the change that occurs to each of ii) An air bubble of volume 0.1 cm3 is at the base of a lake. If the depth of the lake is 20 m,
the following quantities during the time the gas bubble rises to the surface of the lake. and the atmospheric pressure is 10 m air, calculate the volume of the air bubble when
i) Volume of the bubble reaches the water’s surface.
ii) Density of the gas in the bubble State one assumption that you take in your calculation. [11]
iii) Pressure of the gas in the bubble
iv) Acceleration of the bubble [6] Year 2002

Year 1992

Diagram 8
1. Air pump is used to produce air bubbles for increasing the composition of oxygen in air
in an aquarium. The volume of the air bubbles increases as the air bubbles rise up near
to the water surface as shown in Diagram 8.
a) Based on the observation above,
Diagram 1
i) explain why the volume of the air bubble increase as the air bubbles rise up near to the
1. Diagram 1 (i) shows a cylinder containing airtight piston. The cross sectional area of the
water surface. [2 marks]
piston’s surface is 5.0  10-4 m2. A load, M, of mass 1.2 kg is placed above the piston
ii) state one factor affecting the volume of the air bubble. [1 mark]
and the height of the air trapped in the cylinder is h, as shown in Diagram 1 (ii).
c) An air bubble of volume 2.5 cm3 is produced from the base of a lake at a depth where
[The atmospheric pressure = 1.02  105 N m-2. Neglect the mass of piston]
its pressure is 3  105 N m-2 and rises up to the water surface of the lake. The atmospheric
a) Based on the kinetic theory of matter,
pressure is 1  105 N m-2.
i) what causes the pressure exerting on the inner wall of the cylinder and the piston?
[Assume that the temperature of air in the bubble does not change and the density of
ii) why the pressure increases as the load M is placed above the piston?
b)i) calculate the pressure on the piston’s surface caused by the load M only. water of the lake = 1  103 kg m-3]
ii) What is the pressure of the air trapped? Calculate:
c) When the mass of load M is changed, it is found the height of the air trapped, h, also i) the volume of the air bubble as reaching the lake’s surface. [3 marks]
changes. ii) the depth of the lake. [3 marks]

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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531

Year 2009

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
4. Diagram 4 shows air bubbles produced by an air pump in an aquarium filled with fresh
water.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan gelembung-gelembung udara dihasilkan oleh pam udara di dalam
sebuah akuarium berisi air tawar. Diagram 5.1 / Rajah 5.1
a) Explain why the volume of an air bubble increases as it moves towards the surface.
[1 mark]
Terangkan mengapa isipadu gelembung udara bertambah apabila bergerak menghampiri
permukaan. [1 markah]
b) Name the physics law involved in 4 (a). [1 mark]
Namakan hukum fizik yang terlibat di 4 (a) [1 markah]
c) What is the change in the volume of an air bubble at level R when the fresh water is
replaced by sea water of higher density? [2 marks]
Apakah perubahan dalam isi padu gelembung udara pada paras R apabila air tawar
digantikan dengan air laut yang mempunyai ketumpatan lebih tinggi? [2 markah]
d) An air bubble of volume 5 cm3 is released by an air pump at a depth of 0.5 m.
Calculate the volume of the air bubble when it reaches the surface of the water.
[Assume that the atmospheric pressure is 10 m water] [3 marks]
Satu gelembung udara yang mempunyai isi padu 5 cm3 dibebaskan oleh pam udara pada
kedalaman 0.5 m. Diagram 5.2 / Rajah 5.2
Hitung isi padu gelembung udara itu apabila sampai di permukaan air. a) State the physical quantity measured by a Bourdon gauge. [1 mark]
[Anggap tekanan atmosfera adalah 10 m air] [3 markah] Nyatakan kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh tolok Bourdon. [1 markah]
b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2,
Year 2011 Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2,
5. Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show trapped air in two identical flasks heated with i) compare the readings of both the Bourdon gauges. [1 mark]
different quantity of heat. Both stoves are turned off after 10 minutes. bandingkan bacaan kedua-dua tolok Bourdon itu. [1 markah]
Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan udara yang terperangkap dalam dua kelalang ii) compare the readings of both thermometers. [1 mark]
serupa yang dipanaskan dengan kuantiti haba yang berbeza. Kedua-dua dapur ditutup bandingkan bacaan kedua-dua termometer. [1 markah]
selepas 10 minit. iii) state the relationship between the heat supplied and the temperature. [1 mark]
nyatakan hubungan antara haba yang dibekalkan dengan suhu. [1 markah]
iv) state the relationship between the pressure of air in the flask and the temperature.
[1 mark]
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531
nyatakan hubungan antara tekanan udara dalam kelalang dengan suhu. [1 markah] bandingkan isipadu udara dalam pam basikal. [1 markah]
c) Based on kinetic theory, explain the reason for the answer in 5(b)(iv). [2 marks] ii) compare the pressure produced inside the bicycle pump. [1 mark]
Berdasarkan teori kinetik, terangkan sebab bagi jawapan di 5(b)(iv). [2 markah] bandingkan tekanan yang dihasilkan dalam pam basikal. [1 markah]
d) Name the law involved when the air volume is constant. [1 mark] iii) compare the number of air particles inside the bicycle pump. [1 mark]
Namakan hukum yang terlibat apabila isi padu udara dimalarkan. [1 markah] bandingkan bilangan zarah-zarah udara dalam pam basikal. [1 markah]
c) Based on the answer in 5(b),
Year 2014 Berdasarkan jawapan di 5(b),
5. Diagram 5.1 shows the reading of the Bourdon Gauge before the piston of the bicycle i) State the relationship between the volume of air inside the bicycle pump with the
pump is pushed inwards. pressure produced. [1 mark]
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan bacaan Tolok Bourdon sebelum omboh pam basikal ditolak ke Nyatakan hubungan antara isi padu udara dalam pam basikal dengan tekanan yang
dalam. dihasilkan. [1 markah]
ii) State the physics law involved. [1 mark]
Nyatakan hukum fizik yang terlibat. [1 markah]
d)i) Based on the answer in 5(c), what happens to the kinetic energy of the air particles when
the air is compressed. [1 mark]
Berdasarkan jawapan di 5(c), apakah yang berlaku kepada tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah
udara apabila udara dimampatkan. [1 markah]
ii) Give one reason for the answer in 5(d)(i). [1 mark]
Beri satu sebab untuk jawapan anda di 5(d)(i). [1 markah]
Diagram 5.1 / Rajah 5.1
Diagram 5.2 shows the reading ofthe Bourdon Gauge when the piston of the bicycle Year 2013 (Long question section B)
pump is pushed inwards. 9. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show an experiment to determine the relationship between
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan bacaan Tolok Bourdon apabila omboh pam basikal dilolak ke volume of trapped air and pressure that is exerted to it in a glass tube.
dalam. Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan hubungan
antara isi padu udara terperangkap dengan tekanan yang dikenakan ke atasnya dalam
tiub kaca.

Diagram 5.2 / Rajah 5.2

a) Based on Diagram 5.1, tick () the correct answer in the box.
Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1, tanda () padajawapon yang betul dalam kotak yang disediakan.
Bourdon Gauge can measure
Bourdon boleh mengukur
 gas temperature / suhu gas [1 mark]
 gas pressure / tekanan gas [1 markah]
b) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2, Diagram 9.1 / Rajah 9.1
Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2,
i) compare the volume of air inside the bicycle pump. [1 mark]
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SPM PHYSICS  FORM FOUR  CHAPTER 4: HEAT 4531

Diagram 9.2 / Rajah 9.2

a)i) What is the meaning of pressure? [1 mark]
Apakah ltang dimaksudkan dengan tekanan? [1 markah]
ii) Observe Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,
Compare the volume of trapped air, the pressure exerted and the temperature of trapped
air.
Relate the volume of trapped air to the pressure exerted to deduce one physics law. Name
the physics law. [5 marks]
Perhatikan Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2.
Bandingkan isi padu udara terperangkap, tekanan yang dikenakan dan suhu udara
terperangkap.
Hubungkaitkan isi padu udara terperangkap dengan tekanan yang dikenakan untuk
membuat deduksi tentang satu hukum fizik. Namakan hukum fizik tersebut. [5 markah]
b) Explain why the size of an air bubble at the base of a lake increases as it moves toward
the surface. [4 marks]
Terangkan mengapa saiz satu gelembung udara pada dasar sebuah tasik bertambah besar
apabila gelembung udara bergerak menghampiri permukaan. [4 markah]

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