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Science
Quarter 2 – Module 4: Uses
of Mirrors and Lenses

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Science – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 4: Uses of Mirrors and Lenses
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Lilac S. Gonzaga

Editors: Ma. Maila C. Justo Emily P. Tandog
Reviewers: Jaime Campos, Jr. Jerry R. Junio Elnora Raroque
Rodrigo Q. Reyes, Jr. Ellen F. Fernandez German J. Ferrer Jr.
Ma. Criselda G. Ocang Gina A. Amoyen
Illustrator: Richard C. Paragas
Layout Artist: Reyna H. Talinio
Management Team: Tolentino G. Aquino
Arlene A. Niro Carmina C. Gutierrez
Gina A. Amoyen Rustico P. Abalos, Jr.
Editha T. Giron Marilou D. Roldan
Jerry R. Junio

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region I

Office Address: Flores St., Catbangen, City of San Fernando, La Union

Telefax: (072) 682-2324; (072) 607-8137
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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 What I Need to Know

Before leaving your house, you find yourself in

the mirror most of the time and see how you look, what’s
missing or what’s too much. A mirror in real life is not
just like that of a fairy-tale, which is used just to
determine the fairest being alive on the planet. Mirror’s
use is not only for checking one’s physical appearance.
A mirror in fact saves lives of many. Side mirrors
in cars, buses and other vehicles allow drivers to
see vehicles behind. With careful driving, having side
mirrors can prevent road accidents. Rushing ambulance
which may have a passenger on a critical condition, are
easily identified with its inverted print. Figure 1. A mirror image

These are reasons why you see mirrors not only in your house, but also in
cars, in hospitals, and even in dental clinics.
Aside from mirror, this module will also focus on the use and importance of
lenses to man’s life. Like mirror, a lens is also a fundamental object that opens
the gateway to man’s discovery of the previously unknown world of
microorganisms and the universe afar. Lenses also enable us to see the world we
are living in and to know what surround us. Through lenses, we are capable of
enjoying the beauty of nature and some other creations.
These are just some of the examples of the uses and importance of
mirrors and lenses. These objects, though simple and plain have become part of
man’s daily life, and plays an essential part of his everyday existence.
In this module, you will further discover the Science behind mirrors and
lenses. How they work and what their uses are.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

• identify ways in which the properties of mirrors and lenses

determine their use in optical instruments (e.g., cameras and
binoculars); S10FEIIh52
• determine how the location of the object from the lenses/mirrors
affect the image formed.
Before you go through this module, let’s check how much do you know about the
application of Mirrors and Lenses.

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 What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your
Science Activity Notebook.
1. You see the reflection of the analog type of clock without numbers in your
plane mirror. The image formed by the hands of the clock shows the time
of 8:30. What is the real time? a. 3: 30
b. 8: 30
c. 9:30
d. 12:30

2. What kind of lens curves inward toward its center?

a. convex
b. concave
c. mirror
d. glasses

3. Which of the following uses concave lens?

a. Magnifying glasses
b. Dentist’s mouth mirror
c. Telescopes
d. Car’s headlight

4. Which mirror concept explains why the word AMBULANCE is written in

reverse in an ambulance car?
a. Lateral inversion
b. Multiple image
c. Virtual image and real image
d. All of the above

5. What kind of mirror is used in the side mirrors of automobiles and trucks
to give the driver a wider area and smaller image of traffic behind him? a.
Plane mirror
b. Convex mirror
c. Concave mirror
d. None of the above

6. A car’s headlight uses __________.

a. Plane mirror
b. Convex mirror
c. Concave mirror
d. None of the above

7. Concave mirror ______________.

a. gives wider view field
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 b. produces smaller image.
c. can produce real and virtual image
d. gives wider view field and gives enlarged image.

8. The sun’s rays are observed to focus at a point behind a lens. What kind
of lens was used?
a. converging lens
b. diverging lens
c. focusing lens
d. none of the above

9. What kind of image is formed by concave lenses?

a. always real
b. always virtual
c. could be real or virtual; depends on the distance of the object from the
focal point
d. could be real or virtual; but always real when the object is placed at the
focal point.

10. Which of the following is an application of multiple image reflection?

a. kaleidoscope
b. car’s side mirrors
c. magnifying glass
d. binoculars

11. What type of lens is used in a magnifying glass?

a. Converging lens
b. Diverging lens
c. Focusing lens
d. None of the above.

12. What type of image is formed by the concave side of the spoon when the
object is closer to it?
a. Upright and bigger
b. Upside down and bigger
c. Upright and smaller
d. Upside down and smaller

13. How will the letter e appear in the mirror?

a.
b. e
c. ǝ

d.

14. What part of the camera corresponds to the retina of our eyes?
a. aperture
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 b. shutter
c. iris diaphragm
d. photographic film

15. Convex lenses are used in _______________.

a. magnifying smaller objects
b. camera
c. microscopes
d. all of the above

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Lesson
Uses of Mirrors
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What’s In

Figure 2. Images inside a kaleidoscope

As mentioned in the first part of this module, mirrors have become part
of our daily routine. At home, we normally use plane mirror, a type of
mirror that can be found in almost every household. We use this to
check on what’s needed to be fixed on the way we look. When these
plane mirrors are placed next to each other at an angle, it gives our
eyes not only one image, not even two but more than that. This is
called multiple images. The mechanism of multiple images is used in
the fun and colorful kaleidoscope. In a barbershop and in a salon or
even in malls’ fitting rooms you will find a lot of mirrors arranged
parallel to each other, one in front of you and another one at your back;
it can also be one on your left and another on your right. Were you able
to notice the images that your eyes can see? If the answer in the
above’s question is no, try to observe again the images in the mirrors
that surround you, when you happen to go to one of the said places and
count the number of images that you can see. Surely, this
arrangement of mirrors will make it hard for you to count the number of
images that you see, because it will give you infinite number of images;
which means a number that can’t be counted.

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 What’s New

Have you checked yourself in the mirror today? Try to do this

activity to reveal a message that is specially sent for you.
You’ve Got a Message in a Mirror!

What you need: Pen, Science Activity Notebook and Mirror

What you have to do:

1. Read the flipped words below by facing the text box in front of a
mirror.

2. Write the message you deciphered on your notebook 3. Now, look at

the mirror and read it loud and with confidence.

What is It
Did the activity brighten up your
day? In the previous modules you learned about the
nature of images formed by different types of mirrors
and lenses. One of the properties of images formed by
a mirror that you learned in the preceding module is
called the lateral inversion, wherein your right becomes
your left and your left becomes your right. What you
did in the activity is a demonstration of this property of
the image formed in a plane mirror.

Maybe along the way to school, you happened to

see an ambulance rushing its way to the hospital, have Figure 3. The word AMBULANCE written
you noticed that the word AMBULANCE is written in in reverse.
reverse?

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Why do you think is this so?

Let’s have a little recall of what a mirror is. Technically, a mirror is a

reflective surface, made of glass coated with metals, which bounces off
light that strikes its surface and form a visual representation or
projection of an object called image.
Questions like: How do images form in a mirror? How is one able to see his
or her image in the mirror? What makes up a mirror? These were the queries you
asked before going through the modules about Mirrors and Lenses, but surely
these learnings were all made clear in the prior modules about the said topics.
In the previous modules about mirrors, you found out that mirrors produce
different types of images depending on their shapes. Plane and convex
mirrors form images called virtual images, upright and erect. Other
type of image formed by a mirror is called real image; inverted upside
down and larger than the original image. Concave mirrors can produce
both virtual and real images.

Applications of Concave and Convex Mirrors

A mirror is not just flat and plane, a mirror can be curved; convex and concave
mirrors. These mirrors are collectively called spherical mirrors. Concave
mirror

Concave mirror, also known as a converging

mirror has reflecting surface which collects light
inward and focus them to one focal point, this type
of mirror is what the dentist used in magnifying
the area behind your teeth to check on cavities
and tooth decay. Figure 4. A mouth mirror used by a dentist

For illuminating purposes, you can see concave

mirrors used in headlamps, flashlights and spotlights. In
these devices, the light rays that gathered from a small
source of the mirror are collected and directed outward in a
beam. Small light source bounded by a concave mirror Figure mirror
6. Side mirrors of Cars are
flashes a brighter beam.
Figure 5. Concave mirror in a flashlight

Convex mirror, also known as diverging mirror, is another type of spherical

mirror which has the outer bulging surface that reflects light instead of the inner
one. It has a wider view field compared to a concave mirror. This makes bigger
objects appear to be smaller than their original form.

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 A car’s side mirrors enable the driver and its passenger to see the vehicles
behind. Also, while in mall supermarkets and in some convenience stores, you
may notice mirrors hanging on corners from which you can see your reflection
and those of other people. These are just some of the applications of convex
mirrors.

Can you think of other uses of convex and concave

mirrors?

What’s More

Enrichment Activity 1: “Light Reflectors”

(Adapted from: Science and Technology Textbook for Fourth Year, Reprint
Edition)

Materials: Flashlight (the one that can be dismantled), pen and Science
Activity Notebook
Procedure:

1. Get a flashlight and switch it on. What do you observe about the beam it
emits?

2. Examine the part where the bulb is positioned.

Q1. What do you notice?

_________________________________________
3. Remove the reflector from the flashlight’s body. Describe the reflector.
Note: The reflector is the silver-colored material that surrounds the bulb
of the flashlight
4. Remove the bulb and connect it to a source such that it can be moved
or adjusted within the concave reflector. See figure below:

5. Put the bulb in a position 1. Connect to the source and switch it on.
Q2. What do you observe about the beam it emits?
_________________________________________

6. Repeat step 5 with the bulb at position 2 then 3.

Q3. What are the differences of the beam intensities?
_______________________________________
7. Summarize your observations by writing: brightest, brighter, and bright
for the beam intensities in the table provided below.
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 Position of Bulb in the Beam Intensities
Reflector
Position 1
Position 2
Position 3
8. Reassemble the flashlight that you dismantled after use.

The activity on Light Reflectors allows you to understand how a concave

mirror illuminates light beam from a small source. As you can observe, when the
bulb is removed from the concave reflector, the light it emitted is not as bright as
when it is positioned in the center of the reflector.

Enrichment Activity 2: Mirror Self-Check!

Directions: Write your answers to this activity on your Science Activity
notebook.
Materials: Double-sided make up mirror, side mirror (of a motorcycle or of a
car) Science Activity Notebook
Procedure:

1. Hold a make-up mirror close in front of you. Describe the image that you see.
Write your observations in your Science activity notebook.

Q1. _______________________________________________________________________

2. Have someone hold the mirror for you, slowly move at least 3 m away from
the it. Observe your image as you move away from the mirror. Are there any
changes in the image formed? Write your observations.

Q2. _______________________________________________________________________

3. Holding the same mirror, turn the other side close in front of you. What do you
observe about the image that you see? How do you compare your image on
this side of the mirror to the image formed in the opposite side of it?

Q3. _______________________________________________________________________

4. Again, have someone hold the mirror for you, slowly move at least 3 m away
from the mirror. How do you compare your image when you were observing it
closer in front of you and when you were 3m away from the mirror?

Q4 _______________________________________________________________________

5. Now this time, sit close in front of a side mirror. How do you describe the
image that you see? Write your observations.

Q5. _______________________________________________________________________

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6. Slowly move at least 3 m away from the side mirror. Observe your image as
you move away from the mirror. Write your observations.

Q6. _______________________________________________________________________

7. Compare the images formed in different mirrors. You may draw illustrations to
support your answer.

Q7. _______________________________________________________________________

The activity above helped you understand the different images formed by
the three different mirrors; plane mirror, concave mirror and convex mirror. A
plane mirror produces upright, left-right reversed and virtual image. Concave
mirror produces a magnified image and virtual image, but as you move away
from it, image is projected upside down, called real image. Convex mirror on
the other hand gives us the smaller version of the image, thus allowing us to
see wider view field.

Assessment 1
Directions: Identify what is defined in the following statement, you can use the
jumbled letters in each item as a hint. Write your answers on your Science
Activity Notebook.

1. A plane mirror is a flat surface mirror, the image formed by a plane mirror
is called (TULARIV) image.
2. Mirrors arranged parallel to each other can form (ENITFNII) image, a
number you can’t count.

3. A (PEOCSOKAEILD) is a colorful optical instrument in which the

mechanism of multiple image is used.

4. A convex mirror is used in car’s side mirror because it gives (RDWIE) view
field than concave mirrors.

5. To secure the store from shoplifters, aside from CCTV camera, store
owners hang (RORMIR XNCOEV) on the corner.

Lesso

n
Uses of Lenses

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 What’s In

In your lessons about the behavior of light in Grade 8, you learned that
light is not reflected when it hits a surface. Light can also bend or refract when
travelling from one medium to another. In this part of the module, let us talk
about another object which plays a vital role in the study of the behavior of light,
lenses. Like the mirror, the lens is usually made of glass. The only thing that
makes it different is that the lens can also be made of other transparent
materials like plastics that allow light to pass through, instead of bouncing the
light rays off. Lenses come also in two types, namely: convex (converging) and
concave (diverging) lenses. When these lenses are combined, the produced lens
is called meniscus lens. This type has one concave and one convex lens on
opposite sides.

What’s New

On Lenses

The discovery of the uses of lenses has opened a lot of doors for many
other discoveries in the field of Science. It has allowed scientists to explore
what’s beyond the Earth and importantly; through our eyes, which has built-in
natural lenses, we are able to enjoy all of these wonderful things and creations.
The prior modules about mirrors and lenses explained the principles behind how
lenses work.

In this part of the module, let us unravel more of it as we talk about some
of the fundamental applications of lenses.

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 What is It

Uses of Convex Lenses

Sometimes called a positive lens, a convex lens is characterized by its

bulging surfaces that is directed outward making it thicker at the center than
on
its edges. It is also known as converging lens because as light passes through it,
its rays bend inward and converge at a spot located beyond the lens known
as
the focal point causing the object behind the lens to magnify or to appear
bigger than its actual size. Image produced by convex lenses can be a
virtual or real image.
If both sides of the lens are curved inward, then that type of convex lens
is called biconvex typically seen in magnifying glasses. If only one side of the
lens is
curved inward and the other has a flat surface, it is called as plano-convex.

Figure 7a. biconvex Figure 7b. plano-convex

Microscopes

Among the applications in which convex

lenses are used is found in compound microscopes.
A microscope is an instrument that is used in
viewing small objects and microorganisms that are
impossible for our unaided eyes to see. It uses
lenses that can magnify objects100x or even more
than a thousand times.
Have you tried to view objects using a
microscope? What object did you view under it?
There are many types of microscopes,
among this is the most commonly used in school
laboratories; light microscope. This type of
microscope uses at least two convex lenses, one on

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the eyepiece near the observer’s eye and the other one is the objective lens
located near the object being observed.

CAMERA LENSES

Figure 9.2. DSLR Camera

Figure 9.1. A view inside a DSLR Camera

As illustrated in Figure 9.1, DSLR camera uses convex lenses where light
rays pass through. These light rays are directed towards the slanted mirror
located near the camera shutter, and then reflected from a translucent screen
projected to another mirror until it reaches the viewer’s eye. Through this, the
photographer will be able to see what he is capturing.
The image formed by the passing of light rays, from the object through the
lens directing to the film of the camera, is affected by the angle of the light
entry. The closer the lens to the object, the farther the beams converge. The
farther the object from the lens, the shorter the distance the light beams
converge. That is how the camera works. Though it seems complicated, the
entire process is just seconds-long.

The Human Eye is a Natural Camera

Our eyes are our natural cameras. Some of the
basic and fundamental parts of a camera functions
just like how the different parts of our eyes work.
Among these are the lens, the aperture, iris
diaphragm, shutter, and photographic film.
The lens, just like the cornea of our eyes gathers
and bends light rays inwardly to the camera. The iris
diaphragm controls the size of the aperture (opening) to regulate the light
that enters. This duo resembles the iris and the pupil of our eyes. The shutter
opens and shuts the aperture to avoid too much light exposure thus helping the
photographic film capture a beautiful image similar to the work done by the
eyelids and the retina.

Concave Lens
Contrary to
concave lens,
convex lens has
thicker
edges
curving Figure 10. The Human Eye and a Camera
towards the
center,

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causing light to diverge, hence it is called as the
diverging lens. It spreads out light, producing
virtual image, making object to appear smaller
and farther than the way it actually is.

Although convex lenses can magnify object, it still cannot transfer light
accurately that’s why an object would appear blurry, so Figure 11. Concave lens makers of
binoculars and telescopes add concave lens to these instruments in order to
focus objects that are too far for our eyes to see.

Concave Lenses and Myopia (nearsightedness)

Correction

Concave lenses, such as eyeglasses and contact lenses are used in

correcting myopia (nearsightedness). Myopia is a condition in which light rays
focus in front of the eye’s retina instead of, on the retina. The result of this
condition is a makes distant object to appear blurry, while near objects appear
normal.

Figure 12.2. Light rays converge in

the
retina. Image retrieved from:

Figure 12.1. Light rays converge in https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/

front of the retina image retrieved
from:
http://www.nei.nih.gov/healthyeyes
/eye_images/Myopia.gif
Meniscus Lenses and
Hyperopia (farsightedness) Correction
Hyperopia is the eye condition that enables someone
to see distant object clearly but makes nearby object
seem blurry. This condition is due to the inability one’s
eyes to focus on objects closer to the eyes. A person
with hyperopia has a shortened eyeball, in which the
retina lies closer than usual to the cornea and lens.
This disorder leads to the formation of the image
back of the retina. Image retrieved
nearby object to form beyond retina. from:

Hyperopia is the opposite of myopia, another m/far-sighted.html

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Figure12.3. Light rays converge at the vision problem that needs correction.
To correct hyperopia, converging meniscus http://www.hertzogfamilyeyecare.co
converging lens is used. The converging meniscus lens converge light before it
enters the eye eventually reducing the image distance.

What’s More

Enrichment Activity 3: “Investigating Convex and Concave

Lenses” Directions: Write your answers on your Science Activity
Notebook Materials: convex lens, concave lens and Science Activity
Notebook
Procedure:

Part A (convex lens)

1. Hold a convex lens close to some prints of your science book.

Q1. What do you see? Is the image enlarged and upright? You may draw
an illustration that supports your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________

2. Bring the lens near your classmate’s eyes (at least 5cm -6cm away) Q2.
What did you notice? Draw an illustration of what you saw.
_______________________________________________________________________

Part B (concave lens)

3. Hold a concave lens close to some prints of your Science book.

Q4. What do you see? Did it bring the same effect as the one you observed
in Part A? You may draw an illustration that will explain what you
observed.
________________________________________________________________________

4. Now hold the concave lens further away from you (a hand-stretched
forward distance) and look in something at a distance.
Q5. What do you see? Describe the object that you are looking at using the
concave lens. You may illustrate this observation.
_________________________________________________________________________

5. Compare the images you saw with the two different lenses. Summarize
your observations using the following descriptions: Larger; smaller; upright
and; upside down. Copy and complete the table below.

Position Image Orientation Image Size

Convex lens Concave lens Convex lens Concave lens
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 Near
Far

The activity above, showed how the two kind of lenses can form different
types of images. Their sizes and orientations in one’s eyes depend on the two
factors:
distance and the types of lens.

This also made us understand why certain lenses are used for specific purposes.

Assessment 2
Directions: Complete each sentence below by choosing the correct word/words
inside the parentheses. Write your answer on your Science activity notebook.

1. Rita, a Medicine student, wanted to examine the differences between

animal and plant cell. Her observation will be made better with the use of
_________. (magnifying glass, microscope).

2. When you hold a convex lens farther from you to see objects afar, the
image that you see is (smaller and upside down, bigger and upright).

3. Lenses of our eyes are (convex, concave).

4. When you hold a concave lens further from you to see objects afar. The
image that you see is (smaller and upright, bigger and
upside down).

5. Meniscus lens is used in correcting (myopia, hyperopia).

What I Have Learned

Read: Now let us summarize what we have discussed in this module,
complete the synopsis below, by filling up the blank spaces with the appropriate
word/words. You may choose the words from the textbox provided. Word/words
can be used more than once, so don’t hesitate to use the word/s that you have
used already.

Mirror and lenses are the tools used in studying the two main behavior of light:

diverging lens multiple images retina lateral

inversion eyes

plane mirror convex lenses concave mirror eyelids

parallel converging
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 Lenses convex mirror iris diaphragm reflection refraction
meniscus lenses

(1) _________________ or the bending of light and (2) __________________ the

bouncing off of light.

Mirrors come in different types. The first one is the (3) _________________, a type
of mirror with a flat surface, it produces an image flipped vertically, this is known
as (4) ____________. When mirrors are placed next to each other at a certain angle
it can create more than one images, known as (5) ________________. When mirrors
are placed in (6) ______________ position, facing each other, an infinite number of
images is produced. The spherical mirrors come in two: (7) ______________ or the
converging mirror and (8) _________________ the diverging mirror.

These mirrors also function differently. A mirror which provides wider view field
making distant objects appear smaller is (9) __________________. If you want to
increase the beam that a certain source of light is radiating, you must enclose it
in a (10) ______________. Dentists also use this kind of mirror because it can
magnify the teeth they are checking on, and this makes easier for them to find
the hidden cavity. Now let us go to lenses.
Like mirror, lenses also come in either convex lens, known as (11)____________
and concave lens, which is also called (12) ________________.

These lenses are also useful to man, like how a mirror is. To see minute or tiny
microorganisms, Scientists use (13) ____________ which has (14) _____________.

To correct a visual problem known as myopia, An eye expert known as

Optometrist would prescribe a myopic person to wear eye glasses with (15)
___________, while for the person who sees better in a far distance, or the
farsighted, a pair of eyeglasses with (16) __________________ is used.
In our body, we do also have a natural camera with built in lenses; these are our
(17) ___________. It enables us to see the world around us because it has an
opening that resembles the aperture of a camera. Natural shutters are like our
(18) _____________, that opens and shuts. The (19) ________________controls the
light that enters our eyes and the photographic film is like our (20) ____________,
recording and capturing the beautiful views around us.

What I Can Do

Challenge: Make your own Telescope!

This activity will help you apply whatever learnings you have
obtained from the above discussion about lenses. Using materials that you can
see around you, improvise or build your own telescope. A telescope is an optical
instrument used in viewing far objects, it is the instrument that astronomers use
in observing the sky, especially at night. Now, imagine yourself as a budding
astronomer who lived during the time that technology has not flourished yet.

Young Galileo, please note that your version of telescope will be assessed with
the following criteria:

Creativity 30%
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 Functionality 30%
Application of Scientific Knowledge 40%
Total 100%

Now young Galileo, it’s time for you to build your own
telescope!

Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your Science
Activity Notebook.

1. Which of the following tells the difference between lenses and mirrors?
a. Lenses refract light, mirrors reflect light.
b. Lenses make object appear larger, while mirrors give exact copy of
object.
c. Lenses reflect light, mirrors refract light.
d. Lenses produce virtual image; mirrors make real image.

2. Concave mirror ___________________________.

a. bulges out toward the light source
b. curves towards the center
c. diverge light rays
d. creates smaller image of an object

3. Which of the following uses concave lens?

a. Magnifying glasses
b. Person with hyperopia
c. Nearsighted corrective eyeglasses
d. All of the above

4. You see the reflection of the analog type of clock without numbers in your
plane mirror. The image formed by the hands of the clock shows the time
of 10:00. What is the real time? a. 2: 00
b. 1:00
c. 7:00
d. Still 10:00

5. Which mirror concept explains why the word AMBULANCE is written in

reverse in an ambulance car? a. Multiple image b. Lateral inversion
c. Virtual image and real image
d. All of the above

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6. What kind of mirror is used by dentists in examining tooth cavities?
a.
Plane mirror
b. Concave mirror
c. Convex mirror
d. None of the above

7. Vehicle’s side mirrors are __________.

a. plane mirrors
b. concave mirror
c. convex mirror
d. None of the above

8. Which of the following statements is TRUE about virtual image?

a. virtual image seems to appear behind the mirror and is upside down.
b. virtual image seems to appear behind the mirror and is seen in an
upright position.
c. virtual image is formed after the light rays are reflected from the
mirror. d. All of the above.

9. The sun’s rays are observed to focus at a point behind a lens. What kind
of lens was used?
a. converging lens
b. diverging lens
c. focusing lens
d. none of the above

10. Looking through a concave lens, arm-length away can make object
appear _______.
a. smaller and upright
b. smaller and upside down
c. larger and upright
d. larger and upside down

11. Images in a kaleidoscope are examples of a

a. multiple image
b. convex mirror
c. concave mirror
d. lateral inversion

12. To correct nearsightedness, a person is prescribed with what kind of

lenses? a. Converging lens
b. Diverging lens
c. Focusing lens
d. None of the above.
21
13. What type of image is formed by the concave side of the spoon when the
object is arm-length away from it? a. Upright and bigger
b. Upside down and bigger
c. Upright and smaller
d. Upside down and smaller

14. How will the letter e appear in the mirror?

a.
b. e
c. ǝ

d.

15. Which of the following parts of the eyes function like the aperture and iris
diaphragm of a camera?
a. eyelid and cornea
b. pupil and eyelid
c. retina and cornea
d. pupil and iris

22
References
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Material. 1st ed. Series 2015. Pasig City, Philippines: Department of
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Bulan, Celia T., and Angelita L. Montes. Physics Textbook (Science and
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24
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