A26-5717-0 1130 Operating Procedures 1968

File Number 1130-01
Form A26-5717-0
Systems Reference Library
IBM 1130 Operating Procedures
This is a guide to the operation of the 1130 Computing System. It

covers in detail the usual duties of an operator of an 1130 system
when operating 1130 input/output devices and when performing
certain functions with the 1131 console control panel No specific
programming system is assumed.
This publication describes the control keys, indicator lights,
special features, setup procedures, restart procedures, and
principles of operation of all input/output devices available for
attachment to the 1130 system. Pictorial illustrations are
included throughout the text to clarify procedures, and a glossary
is presented in the appendix to clarify terminology.
PREFACE
This manual is designed for operators who have had.

not more than the minimum training on stored-
program eomputers. It covers in detail the usual
duties of an operator of an 1130 Computing System.
The practices and teclmiques given are approved
methods based on the preferences of IBM and on the
way successful operators do their work in large and
small organizations throughout the world. The user
of the manual must remember, however, that the
employer has the prerogative of determining how a
certain task shall be done and what responsibilities
his operator shall assume.
The general content and overall plan of the man-
ual are adapted to the needs of the user in an attempt
to improve operator efficiency. Pictorial illustra-
tions are included for their value in clarifying pro-
cedures. A glossary is presented in the back of the
manual to clarify terminology.
First Edition
-----,
This malUlal makes obsolete A26-5890-3. This manual has been rewritten
and retitled to reflect changes in the 1130 program.
Significant changes or additions to the specificatiOns contained in this

publication are continually being made. When using this publication in
connection with the operation of IBM equipment, check the latest SRL
Newsletter for revisions or contact the local IBM branch office.
The illustrations in this manual have a code number in the lower comer.
This is a publishing control number and is not related to the subject matter.
Copies of this and other IBM publications can be obtained through IBM Branch Offices.
A fonn is provided at the back of this publication for your comments.
This manual was prepared by the IBM Systems Deve lopment Division,
Product Publications, Department 455, San Jose, California 95114.
© International Business Machines Corporation, 1968
11
CONTENTS
THE ROLE OF THE OPERA TOR •••••••••••••••• 1 IBM 1231 OPTICAL MARK PAGE READER,
The Program and RWl Book . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 1 MODEL 1 •••••••.•••••••••••••.••••••.. 41
Summary •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 Operator Controls • . • • . • • . • • • • . • • . • . . • .• 41
Readying the 1231 ••••••••••..•••••••... 42
INTRODUCTION TO THE IBM 1130 COMPUTING IBM 1403 PRINTER, MODE LS 6 AND 7 • • . . • . . • •• 44
SYSTEM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 Operator Controls • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . •. 44
Manual Controls • • . • • . • • . • . . • • • . . • . . . • . 45
Inserting a Carriage Control Tape • . . • . . • • . . • 47
IBM 1131 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT ••••••••••• 12 Changing the Ribbon • . • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . . • •. 49
Operator Controls: Console Entry Switches • • • • • • .• 12 Inserting Forms •••••••••.•.••.••••.... 50
Operator Controls: Console Display Panel •••••••• 13 Changing the Interchangeable Cartridge . • • . . • •• 53
Operator Controls: Console Function Switches
and Lights ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 15 IBM 1442 CARD PUNCH, MODEL 5 AND
Operator Controls: Console Mode Switch ••••••••• 17 1442 CARD READ PUNCH, MODELS 6 AND 7 54
Operator Controls: Single Disk Storage Panel ••••• 18 Operator Controls • • • • . . • • • • . • . • . • • . . . .. 54
Operator Controls: Console Keyboard ••••••••••• 19 Removing Jammed Cards ••••..•••••••..•. 55
Readying the IBM 1130 Computing System •••••••• 19 Readying the 1442 • . • • • . • • • . . • . • • . • . . . • . 57
Readying the Console Printer •••••.•••••••••• 20 Restarting the 1442 ••••••.•...••..•..•.• 57
Readying the Disk Storage Drive ••••••••.•••••• 21
Removing a Typing Element .••••••.•••••••••• 22 IBM 1627 PLOTTER, MODELS 1 AND 2 •.•. . . . •. 60
Replacing a Typing Element •••••••.•••••••••• 22 Operator Controls • • • . • • • . . . • . • •. . . • . • •. 60
Removing a Fabric Ribbon Cartridge •••.•••••••• 23 Installing a Roll of Graph Paper . . . • •. •• . . • •. 61
Installing a Fabric Ribbon Cartridge •••••••••••• 23 Installing a Sheet of Graph Paper. • • . • . . • . . •• 62
Assembling the Pen • . • • . • • • • • • . •. . . . . • .. 64
Checking the Plotter Operation. . • • . •. . • • . • .• 65
IBM 1055 PAPER TAPE PUNCH, MODEL 1 ••••••••• 24
Operator Controls •••.•••••••••••••••••••• 24 IBM 2250 DISPLAY UNIT, MODE L 4. • • • • . . • . • •• 67
Inserting Paper Tape •••••••••••••••••••••• 24 Operator Controls • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • . . •• 67
Emptying the Chad Box •••.••••••••••••.•••• 27
Checking Not-Ready Conditions ••••••••••••••• 27 IBM 2310 DISK STORAGE, MODELS B1
Splicing Tape ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 27 AND B2 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . . . •• 70
Ope:r:ator Controls • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • •. 70
Changing the Disk Storage Cartridge. • • • • . . • •• 70
IBM 1132 PRINTER ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 28
Operator Controls • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 28 IBM 2501 CARD READER. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 72
Manual Controls •..••••.••••••••.••••.••• 29 Operator Controls • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • . • . • • •• 72
Inserting a Carriage Control Tape ••••••••••••• 31 Removing Jammed Cards •••.•..•.••.•.••• 73
Installing Forms Tractor • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 33 Readying the 2501 .•••.•• • . • . • . • • • . • . • •• 74
Inserting Forms ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 34
Replacing a Ribbon •••.•••••••••••••••.••• 36 APPENDIX A. CARRIAGE CONTROL TAPE •...•• 75
APPENDIX B. USING THE MACHINE COVERS

IBM 1133 MULTIPLEX CONTROL ENCLOSURE ••.••• 37 FOR SAFETY ..•..•.••.•.•••• 78
Operator Controls . • • • . • • . . • . . • • • • • • . . • . . . 37
APPENDIX C. RELATED LITERATURE. • . • • • . •• 79
IBM 1134 PAPER TAPE READER ••••.••••••••••• 38
Inserting Tape •.•••••••••••••••.••••.••• 38 APPENDIX D. 1130 CONSOLE CHECK SHEET. • • •• 80
Rewinding Tape •.•.•••.••.•••••••.•••••.• 39
Checking a Not-Ready Condition ••••••.•.•••••• 40 APPENDIX E. GLOSSARY • • • . . • • • • • • . . • • . •• 81
Contents iii
THE ROLE OF THE OPERATOR
The operator has very specific duties while he oper- depends on the run book to tell him what he must know
ates the system. His area of speciality is in part the to proceed with the processing operation. For exam-
ability to set up the machine and its associated input/ pie, the programmer includes error messages in his
output units in a minimum amount of time. In most program to gescribe errors that would occur because
installations, the tasks of the operator are divorced of incorrect input data or an incorrect operational
from those of the programmer, systems analyst, procedure. The operator refers to the run book to
and card punch operator. (In some installations, determine what corrective action to take when an
however, one person performs more than one of these error occurs. The run book also tells him which
tasks.) The subjects treated in this manual will help program deck or disk to use, which forms to use in
the operator learn to operate the equipment used in the printer, and how to continue with the processing
an 1130 system installation. when departures from conventional procedures are
In most cases, the operator works directly with necessary.
the machine. He must understand that he cannot To this extent the operator works with the pro-
allow the machine to remain idle while he attempts grammer. The run book, which has been prepared
to supply data which should have been provided by by the programmer for each specific program, is
the programmer. In such cases, the operator should used by the operator as one of his tools while running
terminate processing of the job before completion and the program through the computer. The operator
return it to the programmer for correction. uses the program and the machine to complete the
The operator's job centers on processing data processing of data. He does not explore all of the
that has already been organized and prepared for factors that determine the structure of the program.
processing. The systems. analyst has analyzed the Just as the programmer decides how this particu-
information supplied by the user, decided upon the lar program will be run, the operations manager de-
most efficient means of instructing the computer cides what jobs will be run, and in what sequence,
to process the information, and divided the problem during any given period. The operations manager
into segments. Each segment problem is solved by is in charge of the overall functioning of the data
the programmer, who lists the specific steps re- center and is responsible for the efficient use of the
quired to instruct the computer to solve that seg- available equipment. Among other duties, he assigns
ment. The programmer writes the instructions for priorities to the various jobs and prepares a daily
the computer in a special programming language. schedule.
This list of instructions is called a program. The schedule outlines the operator's (and the
system's) work for the day. It always contains a
The Program and Run Book list of the jobs to be done and may contain special
The program is then punched into IBM cards (called information; for example, that a piece of equipment
a source program deck) by card punch operators. has been scheduled for preventive maintenance and
The computer cannot execute a source program be- may not be used, or that a local procedure has been
cause a source program is in a programming lan- modified.
guage and not in machine language. The source deck Most of the column headings in the schedule are
is then translated during a computer run by a program self-explanatory. The job number and job name or
called an assembler or a compiler, which produces description entries identify the jobs to be run and
an object program deck that is in machine language. include a brief description of each job. More com-
For simplicity, we will refer to the executable pro- plete descriptions will be found in the run book
gram as the "program." An executable program associated with each job. The first column of the
may be in cards as a program deck, or it may be schedule indicates the sequence in which each job
on a disk. is to be run. Should it be necessary to change the
The programmer also supplies a series of job sequence, the change can be made by transposing
instructions and notes (called a run book), which numbers in the sequence column rather than by re-
gives the operator specific information regarding writing the entire form. The last column should be
the particular program. The program deck and initialed by the operator after completion of the indi-
the run book are delivered to the operator, who cated job.
The Role of the Operator 1

Of the tools at the command of the operator, • Initiation of input/output operations.
the program is the final one that makes the various • Input/output device error detection and
pieces of machinery -- central processing unit, recovery.
disk units, card read punch, printer, etc. -- function • Program loading.
together as a system. The 1130 system is fully capa- • Communication between the program and
ble of using all of these Units together in accordance the operator.
with the requirements of the program and the opera-
tor's us~ of the console control panel and console To save each 1130 system programmer the work of
typewrite r. writing the instructions for these common required
functions, IBM supplies a series of programs called,
as a whole, the control program.
IBM also supplies other programs (which we
During the processing of data, the operator is can call processing programs), such as comp:llers
responsible for all on-line and off-line system com- (which translate source programs into object pro-
ponents. On-line devices attach to the system and grams). A control program and the associated IBM-
operate according to instructions in the program. supplied processing programs is called a pro~~ram
At times, it is desirable to make one or more of ming system. A number of these programming
these components temporarily unavailable to the systems are available for the 1130 system. The
system (when preventive maintenance is required, major differences among the various programming
for example). While the component is unavailable systems lie in the capabilities of the various eontrol
to the system, it is considered to be off-line. programs:
Equipment that is never attached to a particular
computer system is also termed off-line. Punched
card machines, sorters, collators, and reproducers 1. The number of the various input/output devices
are typical examples of off-line equipment that can be utilized.
To operate a computing system, the operator 2. Whether the control program is on cards or
must be knowledgeable in three areas: disk.
3. The ability to monitor the relatively uninter-
1. The mechanical details of each unit. rupted execution of many programs (a pro-
For example, he must learn how to load a disk gramming system with this type of capability
pack into a disk unit and how to load blank forms is called an operating system).
into the printer. These tasks are basic and
easily learned. After the operator has per- Some of the operator's functions (such as loading
formed such tasks once or twice and has learned the control program, interpreting console typ 3writer
l
that they vary only slightly, he can perform messages, and responding to those messages) will
them without difficulty. vary considerably for each programming syst 3m.
l
2. The particular program being run on the com- Operating functions for the card read punch, the
puter. Information concerning the nature of printer, and the disk units (such as loading blank
each program and what is required of the opera- forms on the printer or loading a disk pack into a
tor is supplied to the operator in the run book. disk unit) will vary hardly at all.
The run book describes the specific information In this manual, the main objective will be to
that the operator requires to run that particular teach you to operate the input/output devices ~md
program. to perform certain functions with the console con-
3. IBM-·supplied programs. All programs have trol panel. No specific programming system is
certain required common functions; for example: assumed.
2
INTRODUCTION TO THE IBM 1130 COMPUTING SYSTEM
The IBM 1130 Computing System offers the user a

variety of input/output devices. This manual
describes the devices listed below.
IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit, Models 1,

2, and 3.
IBM 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Model 1.
IBM 1132 Printer.
IBM 1133 Multiplex Control Enclosure.
IBM 1134 Paper Tape Reader, Models 1 and 2.
IBM 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Model 1.
IBM 1403 Printer, Models 6 and 7.
IBM 1442 Card Punch, Model 5.
IBM 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7.
IBM 1627 Plotter, Models 1 and 2.
IBM 2250 Graphic Display, Model 4.
IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Models B1 and B2. IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit, Models lA, lB, 2A, and 2B
IBM 2501 Card Reader, Models Al and A2.
All input/output devices are under control of

the central processing unit program. Instructions
in the program initiate all input/output operations.
The operations are terminated by completion of the
data transfer or by operator intervention at the input/
output device. Input/output interrupts enable the
central processing unit to provide appropriate pro-
grammed responses to conditions that occur in the
input/output device. Priority sequences are assigned
to allow the most efficient use of all input/output
devices.
External documents, such as punched cards,
data sheets, and paper tape, transfer information
from input devices to the central processing unit.
Information transferred to output devices from the
central processing unit is represented in printed,
graphic, punched card, disk, and paper tape format.
Each data transfer rate is determined by the program
and by the speed of the input/output device. IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit, Models 2C, 2D, 3B, 3C, and 3D
Introduction to the. IBM 1130 Computing System 3

The IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit is a compact The 1131 main storage in the central processing
and versatile component of the IBM 1130 Computing unit uses magnetic cores for data and program instruc-
System. The design is oriented to the operator, and tion storage. Core storage capacity is 4,096 (4k) to
a minimum of training and experience with computing 32,768 (32k) 16-bit words, depending on the model
systems is sufficient to use the 1131 to solve prob- used:
lems. A B C D
The keyboard/printer console provides control Model 1 4k 8k
of the operation. The console displays the data in Model 2 4k 8k 16k 32k
various registers and counters within the central Model 3 8k 16k 32k
processing unit and provides switches for data entry
and program control. The keyboard also provides
data entry directly into core storage (under program A 16-bit word can be placed into core stora.ge or
control), and the printer provides printed output of retrieved from core storage in one storage cycLe,
the data in core storage. which is 3.6 microseconds for models 1 and 2 or
The 1131 has three models: model 1, model 2, 2.2 microseconds for model 3.
and model 3. Model 1 and model 2 each have a 3.6- The core storage words are individually addres-
microsecond core storage cycle time, the time re- sable or may be coupled and operated upon as douDie
quired to enter a word into or retrieve a word from (32-bit) words. Data is recorded and processed in
core storage. The model 2 has a single-disk storage fixed-point binary form. The largest positive number
drive. The model 3 has a 2. 2-microsecond core is 231 _1; the largest negative number is _231.
storage cycle and also has a single-disk storage The 1131-instruction set consists of 29 diserete
drive. instructions. A single-word or double-word instruc-
Single disk storage is an auxiliary storage device tion format is used to give the central processing unit
housed within the 1131 Central Processing Unit en- added flexibility. Instructions fall into five cate-
closure. It consists of a single disk drive and a re- gories: load and store, arithmetic and logic, shift,
movable disk cartridge. Storage capacity of each branch, and input/output. Three index registers and
cartridge is 512,000 sixteen-bit words. The data indirect addressing facilities are available for pro-
transfer rate of the disk storage is 720,000 bits per gramming use.
second. The removable disk cartridge (the IBM The storage access charmel provides a means for
2315 Disk Cartridge) provides easy access to data external devices or systems to communicate di.rectly
or to entire programs. Additional disk cartridges with the 1131 CentraL Processing Unit core storage.
can be stored off-line and put on-line as needed, Communication with core storage from an external
thus providing Virtually unlimited off-line storage device is on either a cycle-steal or an interrupt basis
capacity. and is initiated by the external device when it is ready
to communicate. The IBM 1133 Multiplex Control
Enclosure attaches to the storage access channel and
provides the optional Storage Access Channel 11 to
provide a similar facility to systems that have the
1133 attached.
The 1133 Multiplex Control Enclosure provides
a communication path between external units or sys-
tems and the 1131 Central Processing Unit. Units
of the 1130 system that require the 1133 are:
1. IBM 1403 Printer, Model 6 or Model 7.

2. IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Model Bl or
Model B2.
The interrupt operation of the 1130 system allows

each input/output device to operate at a maximum
speed consistent with the programmed operation and
makes the central processing unit available except
IBM 2315 Disl:\: Cartridge during the actual transmission of data.
4
IBM 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell
The IBM 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell punches

eight-bit codes in eight-channel chad paper tape or
edge-punched documents having prepunched feed holes.
Chad paper tape means that the perforated holes made
in the tape are completely and evenly punched out.
In both the paper tape and the edge-punched docu-
ments, the operator can manually punch only the de-
lete and blank codes. All other punching is under
control of the central processing unit program.
Pressing the feed key or punching program-controlled
characters automatically punches feed holes into the
tape.
IBM 1133 Multiplex Control Enclosure
To request service, a device signals the central

processing unit on one or more of the six interrupt
levels. Each level has an established priority. If
a higher priority device is not being serviced, the
device requesting service interrupts the program
long enough to execute the requested service.
The number of interrupt levels for any given
system depends upon the configuration of the system.
High-speed data channels that transmit data to
and from the central processing unit on a cycle-
steal basis are used to operate the 2501 Card Reader,
1403 Printer, 1132 Printer, 2250 Display Unit, and
all disk storage drives.
Cycle stealing should not be confused with inter-
rupt. A device using the cycle-steal method does
not interrupt the program to transfer data; it steals
one cycle from the instruction being executed and
transfers a character directly into or out of core
storage without control of the central processing
unit.
This type of operation requires less central
processing time than \ID uld otherwise be required
to service the above devices. IBM 1132 Printer
Introduction to the IBM 1130 Computing System 5

The IBM 1132 Printer prints alphameric data at
80 lines per minute and numeric data at 110 lines
per minute. The print line on the 1132 is a maxi-
mum of 120 characters, and the vertical (line)
spacing is either six lines per inch or eight lines
per inch.
With a. program stored in the 1131 Central
Processin~~ Unit, a paper-tape-controlled carriage
feeds forms continuously through the printer and,
at the same time, controls skipping and spacing.
The 1132 Printer operates as an on-line output
unit.
IBM 1134 Pape,r Tape Reader, Modell

IBM 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Modell
character code placed in core storage is accom-

plished through programming.
The IBM 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Model 1

reads positional marks-made by an ordinary lead
pencil on paper documents. The positional ma:rks
are converted into a machine-usable form by the
1231 and entered into its own delay line storage.
IBM 1134 PapE~r Tape Reader, Model 2 The 1231 attachment in the 1131 accepts one word
and makes it available to the system on an interrupt
basis. This process is repeated until all of the data
The IBM 1134 Paper Tape Reader, Models 1 and. 2 is transferred from the 1231 to the 1131.
are compaet, self-contained devices capable of Documents are read into the 1231 at a maximum
reading eight-channel perforated tape at speeds up of 2, 000 sheets per hour. Throughput depends on
to 60 characters per second. The model 1 reads computer programming.
strips of punched tape only; the model 2 has supply By means of stored-program controls, the IBM
and take-up reels for reading punched tape fed in 1231 can control specific data to be stored and identi-
strips or from reels. The 1134 dynamically senses fy the end of a field. Three sets of identical switches
the presenee of holes in the tape, thus ensuring can be set for checking various conditions under
positive identification of characters. Tape motion which a document can be selected. These swittChes
and tape reading are controlled by the operating are field I, field II, and field III, and all are con-
program. trolled by the program sheet. Each word can he
Each punched character is read into one ad- regarded as a field by appropriate programming of
dressed core storage location. Translation of the the control sheet.
6
IBM 1442 Card Punch, Model 5
The IBM 1442 Card Punch, Model 5 is a unit that

punches cards serially, column by column, begin-
IBM 1403 Printer, Models 6 and 7 ning with column 1. The punching speed is 160
columns per second.
The IBM 1403 Printer provides high-speed on-line Cards are fed from a 1,200 card-capacity hopper,
printing capabilities for the 1130 system. Models 6 punched serially, and stacked in a 1,300 card-capacity
and 7 are available for attachment to the 1130 system stacker. Three card feed cycles move a card from
through the facilities of the 1133. the hopper through the card punch and into the stacker.
Model 6 has 120 print positions and prints a If a punch command is initiated, an incremental
maximum of 340 lines per minute. The type HN punch drive causes the card to be punched and moved
chain is standard and has a 48-character printing through the punch station. The central processing
set. Model 7 is identical to the model 6 except for unit compares the punch check echo data with the
printing speed. Model 7 prints a maximum of 600 contents of the single-character punch buffer, con-
lines per minute. sisting of the character from the central processing
Both models 6 and 7 are equipped with a single- unit.
speed, tape-controlled carriage for transporting The card motion and punching process continue
continuous paper forms. Printing and carriage until a signal from the program indicates the last
operations are under control of the program. column to be punched. Upon this signal, the 1442

punches and generates an operation complete inter- column by column, beginning with column 1. Reading
rupt. Once punching is terminated in this manner, is accomplished through the principle of photocell
it cannot be restarted in this card. Punching occurs sensing. Each card column is read twice by the
only by program instruction. photocells, and the readings are compared for agree-
ment. This read-check process continues until all
80 columns have been read. After a read operation
is completed, the card is registered in column 1 at
the punch station.
If a punch command is initiated, an incremental
punch drive causes the card to be punched and moved
through the punch station. The central processing
unit compares the punch check echo data with the
contents of the single-character punch buffer, con-
sisting of the character from the central processing
unit.
The card motion and punching process continue
until a signal from the program indicates the last
column to be punched. Upon this signal, the 14:42
punches and generates an operation complete inter-
rupt. Once punching is terminated in this manner,
it cannot be restarted in this card. All cards pass
through the read and punch stations, but reading and/
or punching occurs only by program instruction.
Cards are stacked in a 1, 300-card capacity stacker.
IBM 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7
The IBM 1<:1:42 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7 pro-

vide punched card input/output for the 1130 system.
Card reading and punching are program controlled
by the central processing unit.
The maximum machine speeds for card reading
and card punching are:
Model 6: Read 300 cards per minute. IBM 1627 Plotter, Modell
Punch 80 columns per second.
Model 7: Read 400 cards per minute.

Punch 160 columns per second.
Gards are placed in the hopper face down, 9-

edge first. The hopper holds approximately 1,200
cards. Cards are fed from the hopper 9-edge first.
Card reading is initiated by a program com-
mand. The card is fed through the reading station
during the second card feed cycle (first card read
cycle). This feeding causes columns 1 through 80
of the card to be read in one continuous motion of
the card. The card is read serially; that is, IBM 1627 Plotter, Model 2
8
The IBM 1627 Plotter, Models 1 and 2 provide a
reliable, easy-to-operate plotting system by con-
verting tabulated digital information to graphic form.
Bar charts, flow charts, organization charts, en-
gineering drawings, and maps, in addition to graphs
or drawings that depict financial, scientific, or
technical data, can be plotted on the 1627 Plotter.
The characteristics of the two models of the
1627 are as follows:
Model I Model 2
Speed X, Y Increments 18,000 Steps/Minute 12,000 Steps/Minute

Pen Status 600 Operations/ 600 Operations/
Change Minute Minute
Increment
Size 1/100 Inch
Width 12 Inches 31 Inches
Chart Plotting Width II Inches 29-1/2 Inches

Paper
Length 120 Feet 120 Feet
Sprocket Hole o.130-lnch Diameter o.188-lnch Diameter
Dimensions On 3/8-lnch Centers On I-Inch Centers
IBM 2250 Display Unit, Model 4
The IBM 2250 Display Unit, Model 4 is a cathode -ray

The recording of data by the 1627 is accomplished tube display unit that operates asynchronously with
by the incremental movement of the pen on the paper the 1130 system. The 2250 operates under the control
surface (y-axis) and/or the paper under the pen (x- of a display order program and control commands
axis). The pen is mounted in a carriage that travels sent from the 1131 Central Processing Unit via the
horizontally across the paper, as viewed from the Storage Access Channel (SAC or SAC II).
front of the plotter. The vertical plotting motion The 2250 can generate images of vectors (straight
is achieved by rotation of the pin feed drum, which lines), points ~ and characters on the 21-inch cathode-
also acts as a platen. ray tube. (The usable display area is 144 square
The drum and the pen carriage are bidirectional; inches -- 12 inches by 12 inches.) A visible display
that is, the paper moves up or down and the pen moves is produced when the electron beam in the cathode-
left or right. A control is also provided to lower or ray tube strikes the phosphor-coated cathode-ray
raise the pen in relation to the chart paper surface. tube screen. The screen area struck by the beam
The pen remains in the raised or lowered position glows briefly. Normally, the glow fades within a
until directed to change to the opposite status. fraction of a second -- too rapid for human eye per-
The drum and pen -carriage movements and the ception or recognition, For this reason, the display
pen status are controlled by the central processing is continuously regenerated at a discernible rate.
unit instruction. The bits are decoded into a direc- The 2250 display section also performs various
tional signal and relayed to the 1627. Each signal nondisplay services by providing communication be-
to the plotter causes a 1/100-inch incremental move- tween the user and the program with three devices:
ment of the pen carriage and/or paper, or raises or the programmed function keyboard, the alphameric
lowers the pen. keyboard, and the fiber-optics light pen.

The programmed fWlction keyboard provides Cartridge. The disk cartridge is divided into 200
communication between the user and a central proc- cylinders of two tracks each: one track on the upper
essing Wlit program. The keyboard consists of surtace and one track on the lower surface. A mag-
keys, indicators, and sensing switches for use with netic head, which performs reading and writing
replaceable descriptive overlays. The fWlction of functions, is provided for each of these surfaces.
each key and indicator is defined by the central All accesses are direct, and the access mechanism
processing Wlit program. PWlCheS in the top edge will move plus or minus the number of requested
of each overlay identify the overlay to the central cylinders from its present position.
processing Wlit program. To identify the key and Each track is further divided into four sect,ors
indicator fWlctions to the operator, the key or indi- for ease of block handling. The total capacity of
cator labels (or both) can be placed on the overlay. each disk is 512,000 sixteen-bit words. Although
Each key can be used by the program to initiate a the capacity of each sector is 321 words, it is
subroutine associated with the respective overlay, recommended that one word be written as a sector
thereby performing the indicated fWlction. For address, leaving 320 data words. A command may
example, depression of a key might result in the
enlargement, reduction, or deletion of the display
image.
The alphameric keyboard makes it possible for
character displays to be created, edited, or changed
by the user. With the typewriter-like keyboard,
alphameric messages can be entered into the dis-
play program for displaying and editing. The alpha-
meric keyboard key codes can be interpreted by the
central processing unit program and used for con-
trol purposes in a manner similar to operations
with the programmed fWlction keyboard.
The light pen provides the means by which the
display order program and the central processing
unit program can identify the storage address of
the order that initiated the display of a vector,
point, or character. This information can be used
for operations determined by the display program,
by the alphameric keyboard, or by the programmed
fWlction keyboard. The user can identify a displayed
image simply by pointing the light pen at the image
or by pressing the tip switch (the point at the end
of the light pen) against the image. The method of
identification is determined by the display program.
The IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Models B1 and B2 pro--

vide additional random access storage for the 1131.
Model B1 eontains one disk drive, and model B2
contains two disk drives.
The disk storage recording medium is an oxide-
coated disk in an interchangeable IBM 2315 Disk IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Model B1
10
IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Model B2 IBM 2501 Card Reader, Models A1 and A2
specify any number of words equal to or less than Al reads cards at a maximum of 600 cards per
321. A zero word count is illegal and causes an minute; the model A2 reads at a maximum of 1,000
interrupt. Nothing in the 2310 limits reading or cards per minute.
writing to 321 words; therefore, the program must Under program control of the 1131, cards are
limit the word count. read serially; that is, column by column, begin-
The magnetic disk turns at 1, 500 revolutions ning with column 1. Each column is read twice,
per minute, making the revolution time 40 millisec- and the two readings are compared to check reading
onds. The word rate is 36,000 words per second or accuracy. Off-punched and mispositioned cards are
approximately 27. 8 microseconds per word. thereby detected.
Cylinder-to-cylinder access time is 15 millisec- Reading is done by photocells, which convert
onds. At least 20 to 25 milliseconds must be allowed light energy into electrical energy. Twelve cells,
for the carriage to stabilize itself at the addressed one for each row of punching positions in the card,
cylinder before reading or writing can begin. are exposed to light as holes in the card pass by them.
Cards are fed from the hopper, through the read
station, and into the stacker. The hopper has a ca-
The IBM 2501 Card Reader, Models Al and A2 pro- pacity of approximately 1,200 cards. The stacker
vide punched card input for the 1130 system. Model has a capacity of approximately 1,300 cards.

IBM 1131 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
The console display panel displays the contents of the sections and translate each group as in the following
central processing unit registers by small incandes- example:
cent lamps -- one lamp for each register position.
Each lamp glows when the register position it repre-
Section 4 Section 3 Section 2 Sed ion 1
sents has a binary 1. If a binary 0 is in a register ~--- ------------------.....
position, no light comes on. All registers are pro- ®®@@ 12 1:~
grammable and operate as necessary to enable the
Binary 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
central processing unit to provide the results speci-
Conversion 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 8 4
fied by the program.
Hexadeci ma I
Operators of an 1130 system should be familiar
with the following indicators: instruction address,
storage address, accumulator, accumulator exten-
sion, operation register, W (wait), and interrupt
levels. All other indicators are primarily used by Starting at the right in the first section, a light is on
programmers and customer engineers. in position 15, indicating that section 1 contains a bit
To read the contents of the registers, imagine configuration of 0001, which is equal to the hexadeci-
that each register is divided into four sections, each mal digit 1. In section 2, lights are on in positions
containing four binary positions (exce ptions: instruc- 8, 9, 10, 11, indicating that section 2 contains a bit
tion address register -- 15 positions, and storage configuration of 1111, which is equal to a hexadeci-
address register -- 15 positions). These four sec- mal F or 15 (8 + 4 + 2 + 1). Section 3 contains 0110
tions represent a hexadecimal number, which in one bits, or 6 (4 + 2); and section 4 contains 0011 bits, or
case represents the contents of the instruction ad- 3 (2 + 1). The instruction address is /36F1.
dress register; in another, the storage address regis-
ter; in still another, the storage buffer register; etc. Note: When a ,,/" precedes a number, the num-
To determine the contents of the registers, ber is hexadecimal; for example, /26 is the same
simply note which lights are on in each of the four as hexadec imal 26 or 26 (base 16).
Operator Controls: Console Entry Switches
The I? Console Entry Switches are used to enter data, the display panel and the control switches on the con-
instructions and addresses. Each switch is directly sole keyboard.
related to a bit position of a core storage word. To enter data from the bit switches under program
These switches are used with the mode switch on operation, the console/keyboard switch must 'be in the
console position.
12
Operator Controls: Console Display Panel
Tl T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 I OPERATION 0 1 2 3 4 ~
~.R=E~G=IS~TE~R____~_________~ __~
I STORAGE
ADDRESS 1 2 3 II 4 5 6 7 II 8 9 10 11 1112 13 14 15 I I I 12 IX IA El E2 E3 X7 1L.°.;. .;F~; . ;E. ;. .~1; . .T_IO_N____L-F5__T6__T7__M_8M_~
__...J
INDEX ---,
~':":"':':::"'-_ _--L________I.1...-_ _ _---1J,--_ _ _...JL_ _ _---.J PI P2 w ADDACSC I
L.R~E~G~IST~E~R____- L -_ _ _ _ _ _
2 __
3 __-...J I
.:--::-1
AS TC ZR I INTERRUPT
L..~LE~VE~L~S______L-0___
1 __ 3_4_~_5...J
2__
I ACCUMULATORI 0 1 2 3 II 4 5 6 7 II 8 9 10 11 1112 13 14 15 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 126~~T~~NTROL 32 16 8 4 ;}]
~w.!:.!.:~~---'-_ _ _ _./J...-_ _ _---LlL-_ _ _...LL._ _ _---' ROY ABl REC TSM BFR ClK 01 C
p I CONDITION
REGISTER C 0
The Instruction Address Indicator represents the Error conditions, which are generally not-ready
status of the 15 bits in the instruction address regis- conditions or FORTRAN pause conditions, are indi-
ter. The instruction address register holds the ad- cated by the accumulator indicator.
dress of the next sequential instruction.
The Accumulator Extension Indicator represents the
The Storage Address Indicator represents the status status of the 16 bits in the accumulator extension
of the 15 bits in the storage address register. register. The accumulator extension register and the
The storage address register contains the ad- accumulator register are used as a 32-bit register.
dress of the last reference to a core storage word. The 16-bit accumulator extension register is the low-
order extension of the accumulator register. The
accumulator extension register receives the data
The Storage Buffer Indicator represents the status of shifted to the right by the accumulator register or by
the 16 bits in the storage buffer register. a load double command code. The accumulator ex-
The storage buffer register is the buffer between tension register is also used for multiplication and
the central processing unit and core storage. Each division operations and double-word arithmetic.
word of data transferred into or transferred out of
core storage passes through the storage buffer regis- TO through T7 Indicators represent the last clock
ter. step completed.
The Arithmetic Factor Indicator represents the status

n. 12. IX. IA. El. E2. and E3 Cycle Indicators
indicate the type of machine cycle in process when
of the 16 bits in the arithmetic factor register.
The arithmetic factor register holds one of the in single step mode. They indicate the machine cycle
two operands during arithmetic and logical opera- just completed when in any other mode.
tions.
The X7 Indicator turns on when the cycle-steal clock
is in X7; that is, stopped.
The Accumulator Indicator represents the status of
the 16 bits in the accumulator register. The PI and P2 Indicators indicate the parity of the
Data can be loaded into the accumulator register storage buffer register. PI is on when bits 0-7 con-
from core storage; conversely, data can be stored in tain an even number of bits, and P2 is on when bits
core storage from the accumulator register. Data in 8-15 contain an even number of bits.
the register can also be shifted to the right or to the
left and can be manipulated by arithmetic and logical
instructions. The accumulator register contains the The W (Wait) Indicator is on when the central process-
binary number or expression resulting from an arith- ing unit is in a wait condition. The following condi-
metic or logical operation. tions turn on the W indicator:
IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit 13

1. The machine executes a wait instruction or a The Operation Register Indicator indicates the oper-
FORTRAN pause. ation in process when in single step (SS) mode or
2. The machine attempts to execute an operation single machine cycle (SMC) mode. The indicator
code that is illegal, particularly a blank (b). indicates the operation just completed when in any
other mode.
When a W condition is indicated, the central Error conditions in the operation register gen-
processing unit can be restarted at the next sequential erally occur when (1) the machine has executed a
instruction (after the wait instruction) by pressing wait condition, (2) a FORTRAN pause, or (3) an
the program start key. invalid instruction such as all blanks.
The central processing unit is also restarted when Illegal instructions are as follows:
an interrupt occurs. This restart is under control
of the program and requires no operator intervention. 00000 10110 00111 01010
The requirements of the application being proc- 01111 01011 10111 11111
essed determine when the operator should press the
program start key to resume program operation. The Operation Flags Indicator indicates the status of
the format, tag, and modifier bits of the instruction
The ADD, AC, SC, AS, TC, and ZR Indicators shown in the operation register.
indicate the status of the following functions: add,
arithmetic control, shift control, accumulator sign, The Index Register Indicator shows which one of the
accumulator carry, and zero remainder. three index registers is being used.
1 thro~ 8 Indicators are used by the customer engi- The Interrupt Levels Indicator shows the interrupt
neer. Eaeh lamp can be wired by a customer engi- level being serviced. The level indicator that is on
neer to give a visual indication of any condition in aids in identifying the device that is being serviced
the machine. by the interrupt subroutine.
The next eight indicators are associated only The following indicators aid in identifying 1130
with the Synchronous Communications Adapter. system devices:
The RDY (Ready) Indicator turns on when the data 1. 0 - 1442 Card Punch, Model 5
set is ready. 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7
2. 1 - 1132 Printer
The ABL (Enable) Indicator turns on when the pro- Synchronous Communications Adapter
gram has enabled the adapter to res pond to a ring 3. 2* - Disk Drive
indicator signal from the data set. 4. 3* - 1627 Plotter, Models 1 and 2
2250 Display Unit, Model 4
The REC (Receive) Indicator turns on when the re- 5. 4* - 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell
ceive trigger of the adapter is on. 1134 Paper Tape Reader
1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Model 1
The TSM (Transmit Mode) Indicator turns on when 1403 Printer, Models 6 and 7
the adapter is in the transmit mode. 1442 Card Punch, Model 5
1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7
The BFR (Buffer Loaded) Indicator turns on when 2501 Card Reader
the buffer contains data. Console Interrupt Request Key
6. 5*- Program Stop Key
The CLK (Clock Running) Indicator turns on when Console Mode Switch
the receive clock is running.
The Cycle Control Counter Indicator represents the
The DI (Data In) Indicator turns on when the receive
binary value contained in the shift counter.
data line from the data set is at a zero or space
level.
The Condition Register Indicator represents fae
The CP (Character Phase) Indicator turns on when the status of the carry indicator (C) and the overflow
adapter is operating in character phase. indicator (0).
*These interrupt levels may also have a Storage Access Cha.nnel
(SAC) device.
14
Operator Controls: Console Function Switches and Lights
The Power On/Off Switch turns on the electrical

power to the 1130 system.
The Keyboard Console/Keyboard Switch indicates

(to the program) the desired source of the console
input data -- either the keyboard or the console
entry switches.
The Program Start Switch causes the 1131 to take

one clock step or one machine cycle (and to continue
taking additional cycles), depending on the setting of
the console mode switch. Eight clock steps complete
one machine cycle, and one or more machine cycles
complete an instruction.
The IMM (Immediate) Stop Switch causes an immedi-

ate stop of the processor interrupt, although the
input/output devices will finish their present cycle.
Data from the devices may be lost if they are oper-
ating when the IMM stop key is pressed. A complete
program restart is normally required.
The Reset Switch resets all input/output and machine

registers, cycle and control triggers, and status
indicators.
The Load IR (Instruction Register) Switch places the

status of the 16 console entry switches in the instruc-
tion address register. The console mode switch
must be set to LOAD.
The Program Load Switch loads the first card or

paper tape record into core storage, beginning at
00000.

The Alarm On/Off Switch turns off the Synchronous
Communications Adapter (special feature) alarm in
the 1131. The operator uses this switch to turn the
alarm off only if the program should fail to turn
it off.
The Disk Unlock Light turns on when the disk car-

tridge can be removed from the disk drive.
The File Ready Light turns on when the disk storage

is available for reading and writing.
The Run Light turns on when the central processing

unit is operating and the meter is running.
The Parity Check Light turns on when a parity error

is detected in either half of a word read out of core
storage.
The KB Select Light turns on when an instruction

requests input data from the keyboard.
The Forms Check Light turns on when the last form

is detected by the console printer forms contact.
The Emergency Pull Switch, as the name of the switch

implies, should be initiated only under unusual cir-
cumstances. Once the emergency pull switch is
pulled, it is mechanically locked so that system power
cannot be brought up again until the customer engineer
has reset this switch. All power -- including that to
all on-line input/output units -- is dropped without
regard to sequencing. Therefore, the contents of
main storage may be partially destroyed during an
emergency pull operation.
The system is protected by thermal overload
switches. If the temperature of the operating envi-
ronment is too high, these switches will drop system
power. The customer engineer should be contacted
whenever system power cannot be maintained.
16
Operator Controls: Console Mode Switch
The SS (Single Step) Setting, with each depression

and release of the start key, causes the 1131 clock
to advance one step; for example, from Tl to T2.
The SMC (Single Memory Cycle) Setting, with each

depression of the start key, causes the central proc-
essing unit to advance one machine cycle; for example,
11 to 12.
The INT RUN (Interrupt Run) Setting causes a level 5

interrupt after each mainline program instruction is
completed. This setting is convenient for program
trace routines.
The RUN (Program Run) Setting causes the 1131 to

advance through its stored program when the start
key is pressed.
The SI (Single Instruction) Setting causes the 1131 to

interpret and execute a single instruction when the
start key is pressed.
The DISP (Display Core Storage) Setting, after press-

ing the start key, displays (in the storage buffer reg-
ister) the core storage word at the location specified
by the address in the instruction address register and
advances the instruction address register.
The LOAD (Load Core Storage) Setting, after press-

ing the s tart key, loads the data from the console
entry switches into core storage at the location spec-
ified by the address in the instruction address regis-
ter and advances the instruction address register.

Operator Controls: Single Disk Storage Panel
The File On/Off Switch causes the disk drive to cycle or received. In actual practice, the switch setting
up (start) or cycle down (stop). To cycle up means is determined by the data set.
that the single disk storage is in ready status. The
The Single Cycle Pushbutton Switch is used by the
disk drive takes approximately 90 seconds to cycle
customer engineer to aid in maintaining the adapter.
up and approximately 40 seconds to cycle down.
The CE (Customer Engineer) Mode On/Off Toggle
The STR/BSC (Synchronous Transmit Receive/Binary
Switch is used by the customer engineer in maintain-
Synch~onous Communication) Toggle Switch is set to
ing the adapter. This switch must be turned off for
STR or to BSC to select the mode of communication.
normal adapter operations.
The Speed Selection (Single Pulse, 600, 1200, 2000, The Space/Mark Toggle Switch is effective only when
and 2400) Rotary Switch is set to establish the num= the CE mode switch is on. It controls the flow of data
ber of bits per second that may be transmitted to the read deserializer.
18
Operator Controls: Console Keyboard
The REST KB (Restore Keyboard) Key, allows the the program to determine that the message being
operator to restore the keys if they should become entered is to be deleted and replaced by a corrected
locked. message.
The INT REQ (Interrupt Request) Key initiates a

keyboard restore and causes an interrupt in the The Numeric Key places the keyboard in the
central processing unit. numeric mode. The numeric key must be held
down continuously while entering numeric data.
The EOF (End of Field) Key places a word containing
a 12 bit in core storage. The program determines
from the analysis of this word that no further char- The (-) Backspace Key places a word containing a
acters are to be sent in the message. 13 bit in core storage. Analysis of this word allows
the program to determine that the last character
The E rase Field Key places a word containing a 14 received is to be replaced by the next character to
bit into core storage. Analysis of this word allows be entered.
Readying the IBM 1130 Computing System
Most operator action will occur at the console of the When the 1131 power switch is turned on, the
1130 system. This console, as well as three input/ following console operator panel lights will be on:
output devices -- the keyboard/console printer, the DISK UNLOCK (no cartridge in single disk storage
console entry switches, and a single disk storage drive) and FORMS CHECK (if there is no paper in the
drive -- are all located in or on the 1131 Central console printer). If any other operator panel lights
Processing Unit. are on, press the reset key.

Readying the Console Printer
Lift Paper Release Paper Pressure 1. Open the console printer top cover.
Here Lever Rod
2. Pull the paper pressure rod forward. If the
paper is to be pin fed, this rod should remain in
this position.
3. Lift up on the left and right platen pin feed
pressure plates.
4. Set the paper release lever in the forward posi-
tion. If the paper is to be pin fed, this lever
should remain in this position.
Platen Pin Feed

Pressure Plate
5. Feed the paper in from the rear and guide it

under the platen. Make sure that the paper lies
over and closes the forms check microswiteh.
This closure will turn off the forms check light
on the console operator panel.
6. Lay the paper back across the top of the console
printer and guide the paper so that the holes line
up with the pin feeds.
7. Close the pin feed pressure plates.
8. Set the left and right margins. The margin set-

Tab tings can be read on the scale across the front
of the unit.
9. Close the top cover.
10. Press RETURN. The console printer is now in
ready status.
Margin Scale Return
20
Readying the Disk Storage Drive
Pull 1. Open the single disk storage access cover. The

Here
cove r swings open to the right.
2. Grasp the handle to the access release mechan-

ism and pullout and down.
3. Pick up the cartridge and, holding the cartridge

with the IBM name toward you and on the left,
insert the cartridge into the slot.
4. Raise the release handle to lock the cartridge into
place when the cartridge is seated.
5. Turn the disk switch to the on position. As the
disk starts to turn, the disk unlock light on the
console operator panel will go out.
6. Close the access cover.
When the drive comes up to speed (approxi-
mately 90 seconds), the disk ready indicator on
the console operator panel will turn on. The
single disk storage drive is now in ready status.

Removing a Typing Element
Element Re lease Lever 1. Lift the front cover.

2. Lift the element release lever with your riight
thumb and forefinger until the lever clicks into
the upright position.
119204J
3. Remove the element by grasping it by the element

Element
Post release lever and lifting it off the element post.
4. Close the cover.
Replacing a Typing Element
1. Lift the front cover.

2. Grasp the element release lever with your thumb
and index finger and place the typing element on
the element post with the triangle facing the
platen.
3. Slip the element into place on the element post
and close the lever. Avoid using force.
4. Close the cover.
22
Removing a Fabric Ribbon Cartridge

2. Keep the paper bail against the platen.
3. Lift the cartridge upward and off the ribbon
cartridge spindles.
4. Ease the ribbon out of the slots in the ribbon
lifts.
To rewind excess ribbon, insert a pencil
in either of the holes in the base of the cartridge
and turn in the direction of the arrow.
5. Close the cover.
Ribbon Cartridge Spindles
Installing a Fabric Ribbon Cartridge

2. Keep the paper bail against the platen.
3. Draw ribbon in tight and position the cartridge
in front of the ribbon lifts.
•• 4.
5.
Slide the ribbon through the right ribbon lift.
Slide the exposed ribbon down between the card
holder and the element, and then through the left
•• 6.
ribbon lift.
Place the cartridge on the two spindles and press
down evenly and firmly.
To rewind excess ribbon, turn either spin-
dle in the direction of the arrow.
7. Close the cover.
Ribbon Cartidge
19203

IBM 1055 PAPER TAPE PUNCH, MODEL 1
Operator Controls
Tape The Delete Key advances the tape one position while
Advance simultaneously punching a delete code (seven punched
Wheel
channels) and a feed hole (the smallest hole). By
simultaneously pressing and holding down the delete
and feed keys, the operator can continuously punch
delete codes.
The Feed Key steps the tape one position at a time,

punching a feed hole at each step, as long as the key
is held depressed.
The Tape Advance Wheel, when turned clockwi.se or

counterclockwise, feeds the tape forward or back-
ward through the punch mechanism without punching
any holes. The feed mechanism does make inden-
tations in the feed hole area of the tape, however.
Inserting Paper Tape
1. Lift the tape pressure lever up -- clockwise 90

degrees. If a document pressure lever (a
special feature) is on the punch, lift the lever
up -- counterclockwise 90 degrees. (The sys-
tem power should be on. )
Tape
Pressure
lever
24
2. Place a reel of blank tape on the tape supply
reel. The tape supply reel should turn counter-
clockwise when the tape is pulled.
3. Pull the tape until about 30 inches extends be-
yond the tape supply pan.
Tape Punch Tear 4. Thread the leading edge of the blank tape (A)
Guide Die Guide
over the guide pin and (B) under the tape tension
lever. The outside surface of the tape on the
tape supply pan should be face up under the tape
tension lever.
5. Slide the blank tape under (A) the tape guide
(or, if applicable, under the document pressure
lever), (B) the punch die (C), and the tear guide.
If the punch has a take-up reel (a special fea-
ture) continue with the following steps. If the
punch does not have a take-up reel, proceed to
step 11.
Guide Tape Tension

Pin I.:ever
6. Hold the inner cylinder of the take-up reel.

Although the reel is free-running while the power
is on, any slight hand pressure on the reel
stops it without harming you.
7. (A) Grasp the outer reel; (B) turn it slightly
counterclockwise; and (C) pull the outer cylinder
of the reel toward you. When the reel separates,
put the outer cylinder down and continue to hold
the inner cylinder.
Outer Inner
Cylinder Cylinder
IBM 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell 25

8. Thread the tape around the two guides on the
right side of the punch.
9. Thread the tape onto the inner cylinder. (The
outer surface of the tape should still be face
up. )
Paper Guides h9130 I
10. Replace the outer cylinder, turning it slightly

clockwise to lock it in place.
11. Lower the tape pressure lever back down --
counterclockwise 90 degrees. (If applicable,
lower the document pressure lever.)
12. Press and hold, the feed key until 4 to 6 inches

of tape has been punched. (Feed holes are
punched in the tape; also, the tape is aligned so
that subsequent punching will be correctly regis-
tered and so that a good splice can be made if
necessary. )
13. Verify that the vertical columns of punched holes
in the tape are evenly spaced. (If not, press and
hold the feed key until the holes are evenly
spaced.
The 1055 is now in ready status.
26
Emptying the Chad Box
1. Turn the 1055 so that the rear is easily

accessible.
2. Pull the chad box outward and empty it.
Checking Not-Ready Conditions
When IBM-supplied programming systems are used The Tape Tension Lever Contact signals the central
to operate the 1055, 3000 (hexadecimal) will appear processing unit if a strain is placed on the tape as
in the accumulator indicator on the 1131 console it feeds from the spool.
dis play panel to indicate that one of the four not-
ready conditions exists. To continue a program
The Tape Pressure Lever Contact signals the cen-
after a not-ready condition has occurred, correct
tral processing unit if the lever is not down or does
the not-ready condition and press PROGRAM START
not hold the tape against the feed wheel.
on the 1131 console keyboard.
The Tape Presence Contact signals the central The Document Pressure Lever Contact signals the
processing unit when the punch runs out of tape. central processing unit if the lever is not down.
Splicing Tape
Tape splicing should be done with a commercial punched mercial splicer are that splices can be made in punched
tape splicer. The outstanding features of the com- tape without reperforating and without loss of data.
IBM 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell 27

IBM 1132 PRINTER
----------
Operator Controls
The Power On Light (frosted) glows when the 1132 The Carriage Space Key (blue) advances the paper
receives electrical power. forms one vertical (line) space.
The carriage space key only operates when the
The Ready Light (green) glows when the 1132 is pre- printer is not in run status. Run status is the time
pared to print. Two conditions must be satisfied that the 1132 is in its print cycle.
before this light will glow:
The Carriage Restore Key (blue) starts a carriage
1. Electrical power on. skip. Skipping stops automatically when the printer
2. Start key pressed. To turn the ready light off, senses a punch in channel 1 of the carriage control
press STOP. tape. The paper forms and carriage control tape
move synchronously when the clutch is engaged (in).
The Forms Check Light (amber) turns on when ap- The carriage restore key operates only when the
proximately 14 (vertical) inches of paper remains in printer is not in run status.
the carriage or when the paper is improperly installed.
The Carriage Stop Key (red) halts carriage operations
The P,rint Scan Check Light (amber) indicates an in- and turns the ready light off.
complete print scan. The print scan check light turns
off automatically when the central processing unit The Motor On/Off Switch (white), when pushed upward
senses the condition. to ON, starts the print wheel drive motor. This
28
switch should be set to OFF when changing the rib- The Stop Key (red) terminates the ready status of
bon or when the printer is not in use. the 1132 printer.
The Start Key (green) puts the 1132 in ready status

and turns on the ready light if electrical power is on. Other Unmarked Lights and Keys are not used.
Manual Controls
Brush Holder
Commutator
The Platen Clutch Knob disconnects the platen from When the knob is turned counterclockwise, the print-
the drive mechanism so that the platen may be pOSi- ing is placed lower on the form. In either case, the
tioned independently of the carriage tape mechanism. carriage tape is not affected, and adjustments can
This knob has two settings: IN and OUT. be made while the platen is engaged (IN) and while the
machine is in operation.
The Vernier Knob moves the form vertically less
than one line space. When the knob is turned clock- The Platen Space Knob moves the form vertically
wise, the printing is placed higher on the form. line by line. The platen clutch must be on OUT.
IBM 1132 Printer 29

Platen Pressure Roll
Re lease Lever
Lateral Adjustment
Hand Wheel
Housing Platen Lock
The Forms Thickness Adjustment Lever moves the new forms or when repositioning a form. The pres-
entire carriage and platen away from its normal sure release lever should always be in the released
position in relation to the printwheels. This move-- position (back) when the forms tractor is being: used.
ment provides additional clearance between the platen
and the printwheels when forms of increased thick-' The Lateral Adjustment Handwheel moves the car-
ness are used. riage horizontally.
The Platen Pressure Roll Release Lever releases the The Lines Per Inch Adjustment regulates the 1132 for
pressure holding a form in the platen when inserting six- or eight-lines-per-inch vertical spacing.
30
Pressure Plate
Tractor Tractor First Printing Outfold Tractor

Adjustment Line Indicator Guide
Wheel Bar
Inserting a Carriage Control Tape
Press Here 1. Raise the printer cover.
Note: See "Appendix A. Carriage Control Tape. "
IBM 1132 Printer 31

2. Turn the platen clutch knob to OUT.
3. Raise the carriage cover.
4. Raise the brush holder (by pulling the brush

holder latch forward).
5. Hold the tape so that the printed captions ax'e
readable (channel 1 on the left).
6. Loop one end of the tape over the pin feed drive
wheel so that the pins engage the center dr:lve
holes.
7. Place the opposite end of the tape over the
nearest half-circle gUide.
8. Remove the excess slack from the tape by lifting

the notched bar lever, moving it toward the rear
of the carriage. When the top and bottom por-
tions of the loop are pressed together, the tape
should give slightly. Do not fit the tape too
tightly or the pin feed holes will be damaged.
9. Lower the brush holder until it locks.
:32
10. Press the carriage restore key to bring the tape
to its home position.
Note: Use the vernier knob and the first print-

ing line indicators to align the forms.
11. Turn the platen clutch knob to IN.

The carriage is now ready to operate.
Installing Forms Tractor
1. Position the paper guides (on the bed of the

carriage) to the left and right sides of the
carriage.
2. Hook the rear pins of the tractor in position.
3. Lower the front of the tractor.
IBM 1132 Printer 33

4. Move the shift cam pointer to the desired set-
ting (six or eight lines per inch). Six lines per
inch is the normal setting.
If the printer is immovable between the lines,
a tooth-on-tooth condition exists between the
platen gear and the forms tractor drive gear.
In this case, move the shift cam to releaSE: the
pressure on the drive gear and turn the platen
slightly (platen clutch out) to allow the teeth to
engage fully.
Inserting Forms
Press Here 1. Raise the top cover.

2. Turn the platen cluteh to OUT.
3. Turn the platen space knob to make sure that
the platen and the forms tractor move freely.
34
•
left
Right
locking
4.
5.
6.
7.
Loosen the left and right locking rings.
Move the lower paper guide to the left of the
first printing position.
Tighten the left locking ring.
Pass the forms under the forms stop arms, over
locking Ring
Ring the lower paper guides, under the round rod, and
then into the pressure rolls and platens.
8. P9sition the right paper guide. Allow a slight
clearance so the forms slide freely between both
guides. (The paper tension control is adjustable
and exerts a slight pressure on the paper as it
.. Paper feeds through the forms tractor.

Guides
' Shift 9. Remove the spring-loaded outfold guide bar.

10. Pull the platen pressure roll release lever for-
ward and turn the platen space knob until the end
of the form can be gras ped.
Platen Pressure Roll Left Hinged 11. Move the right and left hinged pressure plates
Release Lever Pressure Plate
away from the tractor pins.
12. Operate the platen pressure roll release lever
to free the form.
IBM 1132 Printer 35

13. Put the pin feed holes of the form over the feed
pins while holding the edge of the form.
14. Return the pin feed pressure plates to their
lower position.
15. Replace the outfold guide bar. The outfold guide
bar aids the feeding of forms.
Feed Pen Feed Pressure

Pins Plate CiliI!J
16. Using the platen space knob, set the form so

that the first printing line of the form is even
with the first printing line indicator mark on the
lower part of the pin feed pressure plates.
17. Turn the form back 14 spaces if spacing iE: set
for six lines per inch, or 19 s paces if set for
eight lines per inch. Finer adjustments a:re
made by using the vernier knob.
18. Restore the carriage (by pressing the carriage
restore key) and turn the platen clutch to IN
after inserting the control tape.
Outfold
Guide Bar
Re placing a Ribbon
1. Turn motor on/off switch to OFF. 4. Keep empty spool and discard the full one.
2. Wind ribbon onto one spool. 5. Hook end of ribbon onto empty spool.
3. Remove both spools from the printer. 6. Replace ribbon as indicated in the ribbon-:feed
schematic.
36
mM 1133 MULTIPLEX CONTROL ENCLOSURE.
Operator Controls
The Ready Light turns on when the 1133 is in the

ready status.
The Enable/Disable Switch, when on ENABLE, starts

ENABLE the usage meter if both the 1133 is ready and the
DISABLE
central processing unit is running. When the switch
is on DISABLE, the usage meter stops. To change
the position of the switch, the central processing
unit must not be in a run condition.
IBM 1133 Multiplex Control Enclosure 37

IBM 1134 PAPER TAPE READER
Inserting Tape
Lift Lever Handle 1. Put both tape tension arms up.

2. Raise the lift lever handle. As a result, the
read head rises so that the capstan is clear.
Tape Tension Arms
3. Put the supply reel (the reel contai.ning the

punched tape) on the right drive shaft and the
take-up reel on the left drive shaft.
4. Lock the reels.
Take-Up Reel Supply Reel
38
5. Lay the tape across the read capstan so that the
pins project through the sprocket holes and so
that the lower three holes (excluding the feed
holes) are on the near side.
6. Position the tape so that a delete code (seven
punched channels) beyond the program identifi-
cation punched in the leader is under the read
starwheels.
When positioning a tape without a leader (or
when starting in the middle of a tape), position
the tape so that the first character position to
be read is one position to the right of the read
starwheels.
7. Hold the tape in position on the read capstan.
fBE§EJ 8. Push the lift lever handle down until it locks.
The read starwheels now come in contact with
the tape.
9. Fasten and wind the tape leader to the take-up

reel on the left drive shaft.
10. Let down the tape tension arms. Ascertain that
the tape is beneath both tape tension arms.
The tape is now threaded, and the paper
tape reader is ready for use.
Rewinding Tape
Lift Lever Handle 1. Put both tape tension arms up.

2. Raise the lift lever handle counterclockwise
approximately 75 degrees.
Tape Tension Arms
IBM 1134 Paper Tape Reader 39

3. Place the loaded reel on the left drive shaft.
4. Thread the loose edge of the tape to the take-up
reel on the right drive shaft.
Both reels can be either the take-up reel or
the supply reel. When the reels rotate counter-
clockwise, the reel on the left is the take-up
reel, and the reel on the right is the supply
reel. Contrarily, when the reels rotate clock-
wise, the reel on the right is the take-up :reel,
and the reel on the left is the supply reel.
5. Ascertain that the tape is beneath both tape ten-
sion arms and is removed from the read eap-
stan.
6. Lower the right tape tension arm.

When an arm on either side is lowered, the
reel on that particular side will turn. The reel
on the left turns counterclockwise when the left
tape tension arm is lowered, and the reel on the
right turns clockwise when the right tape ten-
sion arm is lowered.
To stop the rewinding process, lift the
right tape tension arm.
Checking a Not-Ready Condition
When IBM-supplied programming systems are used exists. If a not-ready condition should exist, close
to operate the 1134, /3000 (hexadecimal) will appear the lift lever handle tightly, then press PROGRAM
in the accumulator indicator on the 1131 console START on the 1131 console keyboard to continue
display panel to indicate that a not-ready condition program operation.
40
IBM 1231 OPTICAL MARK PAGE READER,_~ODE~l
Operator Controls
,
FIELD I FIELD II FIElDm
MULTI SING RESP MULTI SING RESP MULTI SING RESP
0 0 0 l,,6 POWER ON
RESPQSEL UNC RESPQSELUNC 2,3
§
RESPQSEl UNC ON
SING_
RESP
_MULTI
RESP
SEl
UNC
SING_
RESP
------READ MODE------
_MULTI
RESP
SEl
UNC
SING_
RESP
_MULTI
RESP
SEL
UNC
1-
0......
OFF
Q
\
9
TIMING MARK CHECK
-7
......8
MASTER~
MARK ~'WV
OFF
POWER OFF
CONTINUOUS
FEED
MODE i1)
(~
~~/
ON-DEMAND
-----CHECK LENGTH-----
NO MULTI NO MULTI NO MULTI

MARK MARK MARK MARK
MAR\ !,ARK
_~:~~R _~:~~R
YES
CONTRL@i)
OFFcQ_OTHER O F F DI \ O F F D/ \ TIMING «(c5l)
THAN
ONE ~ ONE ~ ONE
MARKS •
NO
-----SElECT CONDITION-----
~/ll2~ I
The Three Read Mode Switches, each associated with 106 timing marks on a document to be processed, the
a set of field checking switches, determine the condi- switch would be set at 6.
tions of mark discrimination. Each read mode switch
has four settings: SING RESP (single response), The Master Mark, a special feature, controls the
MULTI RESP (multiple response), SING RESP SEL capability of the 1231 to rec ognize a master mark on
UNC (single response select uncertainties), MULTI the right edge of the data sheet. When this switch is
RESP SEL UNC (multiple response select uncertain- on, the recognition of a master mark causes a bit to
ties) . be placed in the device status word for the 1231. By
program analysis, this data can be placed in a sep-
The Three Check Length Switches have two settings: arate data table in the central processing unit storage.
SEGMENT and WORD. The setting defines the length
of the item as it will be checked for each field. The The Feed Mode Switch has two settings: ON-DEMAND
segment setting will check the five positions of a seg- and CONTINUOUS. When the switch is set to ON-
ment; the word setting will check all ten positions of DEMAND (the only setting used with the 1130 system),
a word. feeding is controlled from the system program. The
next document will not feed until the contents of the
The Three Select Condition Switches have four set- delay line (from the previous document) are trans-
tings: OFF, NO MARK, MULTI MARK, and OTHER ferred to the computer.
THAN ONE. Each switch is associated with a check
length switch and one of three fields. The settings
represent the conditions in a given field under which The Control Timing Marks Switch enables the 1231 to
a document will be directed to the select stacker. eliminate the 75-millisecond delay associated with the
timing-mark-checking feature. The switch has two
settings: YES and NO. YES is used when the docu-
The Timing Mark Check Switch is an 11-position ments to be processed have the six extra control tim-
rotary switch with settings numbered 0 through 9 and ing marks needed for the 1230 systems. NO is used
OFF. The switch is preset by the operator to match when 100 or fewer control timing marks are on the
the units position count of timing marks on the data document. The 75-millisecond delay can be ignored
sheets to be processed. For example, if there were by programming when operating in this mode.
IBM 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Modell 41

The Power On/Power Off Light turns on when the 5. The number of timing marks on the detail data
1231 receives electrical power. sheet does not equal at least the number of words
programmed to be read by the program control
The System Stop Light turns on whenever the 1130 sheet.
system stops.
The Read Light turns on when a read head lamp burns
Re-Feed SEL DOC (Refeed Selected Document) Light out or is weak.
comes on when (1) a multi-mark is detected during
the reading: of the master-mark document, (2) when The Feed Check Light indicates a sheet jam, a mis-
an uncertainty is detected during the reading of the feed, a double-sheet feed, a full stacker, or an empty
program control sheet, and (3) when an uncertaintYt hopper. These conditions cause the 1231 to stop.
without an accompanying dark mark, is detected Correct the condition and press RESET to turn the
during the reading of the master-mark sheet. light off.
The PROC (Process) Check Light turns on to indicate The Program Load Light turns on during the program
one or more of the following conditions: load cycle. It clears the machine of preViously stored
data.
1. A parity error in storage logic.
The Reset Key raises the hopper to the feed po~;ition
2. The count of data sheet timing marks is not in
and resets the electronic circuitry. Error conditions
agreement with the setting of the timing-mark
should be corrected before pressing the reset key.
switch.
3. Failure of processing unit to take data from the
The Start Key feeds the top sheet in the hopper if the
B register before the A register loaded new data
program load key has been pressed. The start key
into the B register.
places the 1231 in ready status. Document feeding
4. A logic or delay line failure when (A) no control
from this pOint is controlled by the central proeess-
bits are loaded into the master line during the
ing unit.
reading of a program control sheet, or (B) no
data bilts are loaded during the reading of a data The Stop Key halts document feeding and lowf'rs the
sheet. hopper plate.
Readying the 1231
1. Place the data sheets in the hopper with the side

to be read facing up and the top edge positioned
to feed first.
42
•••3 4 5
MASTER~
MARK~
ON
OFF
2.
3.
Set the feed mode switch to ON DEMAND.
Press PROGRAM LOAD to clear the delay line
and condition the 1231 for program loading.
4.. Press RESET to raise the hopper to the ready
OFF position. The reset light turns off and the start
CONTINUOUS
TIMING MARK CHECK
light turns on.
FEED
MODE (@)
(A\
9
ON - DEMAND
YES
CONTROL
TIMING
(i)
MARKS
NO
5. Press START. The first data sheet in the hop-

per is fed through the 1231, loading the delay
line. The first data sheet is now in the stacker.
The program load light turns off.
6.. Press START to turn the start light off. When
all lights are off on the 1231 operator's console
(the system stop light may be on), the 1231 is in
ready status.
Note: For more details on the 1231, refer to the

IBM 1130 Functional Characteristics, Form
A26-5881.
IBM 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Modell 43

IBM 1403 PRINTER, MODELS 6 AND 7
Operator Controls
This key is operative only when the printer is iln not-

ready status.
The Carriage Restore Key (blue) starts a carriage

skip. Skipping stops automatically when the printer
senses a punch in channel 1 of the carriage control
tape. The paper forms and carriage control tape
move synchronously when the clutch is engaged.
This key is operative only when the printer is in
not-ready status.
The Print Ready Light turns on when the 1403 is

prepared to print.
The Print Check Light indicates a parity error or an

address error. A parity error occurs when the num-
ber of l' s in an array of binary digits is even. The
print check light turns on when the 1403 buffer stor-
age is addressed incorrectly (ring check).
The print check light may be reset by the pro-
gram or by pressing the reset key. Press the start
key to restart the system.
The End-of- Forms Light indicates last form. If an

end-of-forms condition occurs during spacing within
the last form in the printer, the printer operation
continues automatically until the next skip to a new
form occurs. When the last form is out, follow the
procedures for inserting a new form and for deter-
mining the first print line.
The Forms Check Light indicates form-feed trouble

The Start ~ (green) puts the printer in ready status in the forms tractor. The forms check light turns
and tu'rns on the ready light if the electrical power is off when the trouble is corrected.
on and if the paper forms are in proper position. A
duplicate start key is on the rear of the printer for The SYNC Check Light turns on when the print chain
convenience. is not in synchronization with the compare counter.
If the check reset key is pressed, timing is auto-
The Check Reset Key (blue) turns off lights indicating matically corrected and the light is turned off.
printer errors. Press the start key to restart sys- A synchronization check may result if the forms
tem operation. cart (located on the rear of the 1403) is not in con-
tact with the grounding straps attached to the base of
The Stop Key (red) terminates the ready status of the the machine.
1403. Acluplicate stop key is on the rear of the The Carriage Stop Key (red) stops the carriage oper-
printer for convenience. ation and turns on the forms check light. The forms
may need to be realigned with the program, and the
The Carri~Space Key (blue) advances the paper check reset key must be pressed to turn off the
form one vertical (line) s pace if the clutch is engaged. forms check light.
44
Manual Controls
The Horizontal Adjustment Knob moves the printing

mechanism horizontally (within a 2. 4-inch travel
limit). When the lever is raised, the print mechan-
Horizontal ism unlocks.
Adjustment
Knob
Right-
Hand The Lateral Print Vernier Knob controls fine hori-
Tractor zontal adjustments of the print mechanism. This
Vernier
Knob knob is used with the horizontal adjustment.
Lateral
Print
Vernier Feed
The Right~ Hand Tractor Vernier Knob controls fine
Knob Clutch paper tension adjustments (up to one-half inch).
The Paper Advance Knob positions the form verti-

cally (when the feed clutch is disengaged).
Paper The Print Density Lever controls print impression.

Advance
Knob Density controls are from A to E. When the lever
is on A, the print impression is dark; on E, the
print impression is light. Position C is the normal
Print
Density setting. To accommodate thick forms, the print
Lever density lever can move the type chain away from (or
close to) the hammer unit.
The Feed Clutch controls the carriage-tape drive

and form-feeding mechanism and selects six- or
eight-lines-per-inch spacing. When the clutch is on
NEUTRAL, automatic form feed cannot take place.
Vertical
The Vertical Print Adjustment Knob controls fine
Print vertical spacing. Adjusting this knob does not
Adjustment
Knob affect the carriage tape.
IBM 1403 Printer, Models 6 and 7 45

The Print Unit Release Lever permits access to the
Lever
form transport area.
The Print Timing Dial makes fine print-quality ad-

justments. The print timing dial chart, locat1ed on
the ribbon cover, gives the proper setting for the
timing dial.
Form Thickness
0.003 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.018 0.021 0.024

A 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0
B 25 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
Print
C 29 26 23 20 17 14 11 8
Density
D 33 30 27 24 21 18 15 12
E 37 34 31 28 25 22 19 16
For finer setting of the timing dial, turn the print

timing dial clockwise until the left side of the print-
ing seems cut off. Then rotate the dial counter-
clockwise until the right side of the printing appears
cut off. The optimum setting of the print tim:ing
dial is halfway between the two readings.
The Acoustical Dampener is a nylon and bronze

brush on the print unit frame, which drags on
single- part forms to dampen the high-frequency
vibration of the paper. The brush has hinges and
therefore can be rotated. To prevent damage to
single-part forms, rotate the brush away from the
paper when the print unit is moved horizontally for
alignment.
Acoustical Dampener liliEJ
46
The Gate INTLK (Interlock) Light is turned on when
the print unit is not locked in position.
The HS (High Speed) Start Light is not used.
The Brush INLK (Interlock) Light is on when the car-

riage tape brushes are not latched in position for
operation.
The Shift INLK (Interlock) Light turns on to indicate

that the manual feed clutch is not properly posi-
tioned.
The LS (Low Speed) Start Light turns on to indicate

skip or line spacing has been initiated.
The THER (Thermal) INLK (Interlock) Light turns

1~~jHI on to indicate that a terminal unit has caused a fuse
to burn out. If it is on, the customer engineer
should be notified.
The HS (High Speed) Stop Light is not used.
The CARR (Carriage) Fuse Light indicates that the

carriage fuse has blown. If it is on, the customer
engineer should be notified.
The Print UN (Unit) POS (Position) Light is not

used.
The LS (Low Speed) Stop Light turns on to indicate

that a skip stop has been initiated. It is on when the
carriage is not in motion.
Inserting a Carriage Control Tape
Lift Here 1. Raise the printer cover.

• 8 6
2. Turn the feed clutch to NEUTRAL.
LINE LINE
Brush Holder Carrier Control 3. Raise the brush holder by pushing down on the
Latch Tape Idler
brush holder latch.
4. Hold the tape so that the printed captions a:re
readable (channel 1 on the left).
5. Loop one end of the tape over the pin feed drive
wheel so that the pins engage the center dri.ve
holes.
6. Loop the other end of the tape around the adjust-
able carriage control tape idler.
7. Adjust the carriage control tape idler by loosen-
ing the locking knob and moving the idler in its
track.
No noticeable slack should be in the tape, but
the tape should not be under tension. Test the
tape by pressing the sides of the loop together.
The tape should give slightly. Do not fit the tape
too tightly or the pin feed holes will be damaged.
Be sure to retighten the locking knob on the idler.
8. Lower the brush holder until it locks.
Pin Feed
Drive Wheel
9. Press the carriage restore key to bring the tape

to its home position.
48
10. Set the feed clutch to DRIVE. Set it for either
.eNEUTRAL six or eight lines per inch, depending on the
form to be printed. Six is the normal setting.
11. Close the printer cover.
8 6
LINE LINE
Changing the Ribbon
1. Raise the printer cover.

2. Pull back the print unit release lever to unlock
it, and swing the print unit outward.
3. Open the top ribbon cover.
Print Unit Top

Release Ribbon
Lever Cover
4. Unlatch the print line indicator ribbon shield and

swing it against the form.
Print Line Indicator

Ribbon Shield

•• Print Chain
5. Push the top ribbon roll to the right (hinged side
of print Wlit) , lift out the left end of the ribbon
roll, and remove the roll from the drive end of
the mechanism.
6. Slip the ribbon from Wlder the ribbon correction
roller.
To remove the bottom roll, press the rib-
bon roll to the right, lower the left end of the
ribbon roll, and remove it from the mechanism.
When re placing the ribbon in the machine,
hand-tighten the ribbon to remove slack from
the front of the printing meohanism.
Note: When installing a new ribbon in the

printer, always load the full ribbon spool on the
Ribbon
bottom spindle to ensure proper ribbon skew on
the first winding of the ribbon.
Inserting Forms
1. Raise the front cover of the printer .

• • NEUTRAL 2. Turn the feed clutch to NEUTRAL.
8 6
LINE LINE
3. Pull back the print Wlit release lever to unlock

it, and swing the print Wlit outward.
4. Set both of the left-hand forms tractors slightly
to the left of the first printing position. Move
these tractors Wltil each one latches in its
appropriate notch.
50
5. Open the left-hand tractor covers, place the
forms over the pins, and close the covers.
6. Open both right-hand tractor covers.
7. Move the right-hand tractors to the desired lo-
cation to line up the right side of the forms.
Pull out the tractor pin-latch, and slide the
tractor lUltil the pin snaps into the appropriate
position.
8. Place the forms over the tractor feed- pins and
close the tractor covers .
•• Right Hand Tractor

Vernier Knob
9. Tighten the tension on the form, using the right-
hand tractor vernier.
10. Turn the paper advance knob until the block,
line, or area on which the first line of print is
to occur is just visible above the ribbon guide
bar (to position the form); align the desired
hammer position to the form with the lateral
print alignment lever and vernier; observe the
relationship of the markings on the ribbon-guide-
bar to the form; turn the paper advance knob
backward three line spaces (if in six-line neu-
tral) or four line s paces (if in eight-line neutral).
The form is now properly positioned.
Paper Advance Knob
11. Close and lock the print lUlit. Be sure to push

the print-lUlit release lever as far back as it
will go.
Note: When the interlock is properly

closed, the chain and ribbon motors
start.

12. Press the carriage restore button to restore the
carriage tape to the first printing position.
• 13. Set the feed clutch to DRIVE. Set it for either

six or eight lines per inch, depending on the
form to be printed.
8 6
LINE LINE
119178 ]
14. Close the cover of the printer.

15. Position the paper supply on the input paper
cart so that the forms feed straight up into the
machine.
Note: Paper gUide control is on rear.
52
16. Press the reset pushbutton and then press the
start pushbutton.
Note: When printing begins, operator attention

is required behind the printer. The first form
must be guided between the forms stacker guidc
and the machine. Then the first forms must be
adjusted in the stacker so they fold flat. Stack-
ing continues without additional operator atten-
tion if the stacker is properly adjusted beneath
the stacker rolls.
Changing the Interchangeable Cartridge
1. Raise the front cover of the printer. 5. Again using the special tool, turn the drive
2. Remove the ribbon, using the method des- gear in the new cartridge Wltil the appro-
cribed Wlder "Changing the Ribbon. " priate character on the specially marked
3. Pivot the two handles on top of the cartridge to slug is in line with the arrow engraved on the
their vertical position. The cartridge imlocks cartridge base. On all standard cartridges,
and may be lifted from the print Wlit by the the proper character is the digit 1 on the
handles. .marked type slug.
4. Using the special tool attached to the printer, 6. Place the cartridge on its locating pins in
turn the notched driver on the right side of the the print Wlit.
print unit Wltil a screw is visible in the nearby 7. Lock the cartridge in place by pivoting the
open hole in the cover plate. handles down to their horizontal (original)
If any further adjustment is required to align position.
the notch in the driver with the notch in the cast- 8. Replace the ribbon spool.
ing, complete this adjustment. This final adjust- 9. Close and lock the print Wlit.
ment is minor if the screw is properly positioned. 10. Close the printer cover.

IBM 1442 CARD PUNCH, MODEL 5 AND 1442 CARD READ PUNCH, MODELS 6 AND 7
Operator Controls
The HOPR (Hopper) Light indicates that a card was The Power On Light (frosted) turns on when the 1442
not fed from the hopper. receives electrical power.
The Feed CLU (Clutch) Light glows when the clutch The Ready Light (green) turns on when the 1442 is
fails to latch, causing an extra feed cycle. prepared to accept instructions from the central
processing unit. The following conditions mUEt be
The Read REG (Register) Light turns on when a read satisfied before this light will turn on:
check error occurs during a read cycle; that is, the
two photocell readings of a column do not compare 1. Power on.
(models 6 and 7 only). 2. Card registered at read station or punch station.
3. Cards in hopper, or 1442 in last card sequence
The Read STA (Station) Light turns on when a card is routine.
positioned incorrectly in the read station (models 6 4. Stacker not full.
and 7 only). 5. Chip box, check, hopper, read STA, punch STA,
TRANS, feed C LU lights off.
The Punch Light turns on when the image of the data
to be punched and the echo of the punch magnets do The ready light is turned off by the NPRO key,
not compare. by the stop key, or by the operation that feeds the
last card from the hopper.
The Punch STA (Station) Light indicates that a card
is out of position in the punch station. The Check Light (amber) turns on when any of the
seven condition lights turns on: HOPR, feed CLU,
read REG, read STA, punch, punch STA, and
The Overrun Light is not used. TRANS. The check condition lights indicate the
area or the cause of a check or both.
The TRANS (Transport) Light turns on when a card is The Chip Box Light (amber) turns on when the chip
out of position in the card transport area between the box is full or is not in the machine. The chip box is
punch station and stackers. located behind the left front cover.
54
The Start Key (green) performs the following The NPRO (Non-Process Runout) Key ejects cards
functions: from the read-punch path without processing them
and resets a check condition. The blue NPRO key
operates only when the hopper is empty.
1. Begins the initial run-in.
2. Restores the 1442 to ready status after manu-
ally stopping it.
3. Initiates the last card sequence.
For initial run-in, the start key places the card The Stop Key (red) terminates the ready status of
in position for reading or punching. the 1442.
Removing Jammed Cards
Hopper 1. Remove the cards from the hopper.
Top Covers
2. Raise the two top covers.
Note: Raise the cover on the right first,

then the cover on the left.
3. Locate the card jam. If the jam is not in the

punch station, remove the jammed cards and
proceed with steps 4 through 6. If the jam is
in the punch station, proceed with step 7.
Punch Station Lift Here ~
IBM 1442 Card Punch, Model 5 and 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7 55
4. Press the NPRO key to rWl out any cards in the
card feed or transport areas.
5. Replace the cards in the hopper.
Note: When placing cards onto the hopper, do

not push cards on the bottom forward. To be
safe, pull the bottom cards back about 1/8 inch.
6. Press the start key. The 1442 is again in the

ready status .
••• Plastic Card Guides 7.
8.
9.
Turn the two twist-type fasteners on the inside
of the rear cover cOWlterclockwise.
Lower the rear cover.
Turn the punch Wlit handwheel clockwise at:
Twist- least one-half revolution (with the power on).
type
Fastener
(one on
both sides)
Rear
Cover
(partially
shown)
Handwheel
Lower Punch Guide

10. Push down on the pWlch feed release leve:r and
pull out the card.
If the cards remain jammed, loosen the
lower punch guide holding screw and remove the
lower punch guide. If necessary, raise the two
plastic card gUides.
Caution
Do not use a card saw.
11. Re place the lower punch guide if it was removed.

12. Close the rear cover.
13. Close the two top covers.
Punch Feed Rear Cover

Re lease Lever {partially shown} [iillL]
56
14. Press the NPRO key to reset the error
condition.
15. Place one card in the hopper and feed it through
with the start key and the NPRO key to make
sure that the card patch is clear. If the card
path is clear, place the remaining cards in the
hopper.
16. Press the start key.
[w;:igl The 1442 is now ready to continue its oper-
ation.
Readying the 1442
1. Turn the system power on. 3. Place the cards to be processed in the hopper
2. Press NPRO to turn off the HOPR light and to face down 9-edge first. Replace card
clear the card path. When the system is first weight.
powered up, the HOPR light comes on. If other 4. Press START.
lights are on, correct the conditions, and then When the ready light turns on the 1442 is
l
press the NPRO key. in ready status.
Restarting the 1442
If a 1442 error occurs, the 1442 becomes not ready must be placed back in the hopper.
and remains in that condition until the operator inter- A restart (or retry) consists of positioning the
venes. Unless the stop is caused by a full stacker cards (that is, skipping the first card in the hopper,
(no indicator) or chip box indication, the 1442 card if necessary, on a read or feed operation) and reinit-
path must be cleared before proceeding. The 1442 iating the function whenever the 1442 becomes ready.
error indicators and the position of the cards in the
feed path should be used to determine which cards Read errors do not apply to the 144:2 model 5.
Punch Station Read Station 1. A Hopper Misfeed Error indicates that card 2
failed to pass properly from the hopper to the
read station during the card 1 feed cycle.
Error fudicator: HOPR light on.
Operator Procedure: When program halts,

press NPRO to eject card
1, place card 1 in hopper
before card 2, and press
START.
_--+--7 Stackers
IBM 1442 Card Punch, Model 5 and 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7 57
•
Corner Read Station
2. A Feed Check Error (pwlCh station) indicates
that card 1 is improperly positioned in the pWlCh
station at the completion of its feed cycle.
Error Indicator: PUNCH STA light on.

empty hopper, clear 1442
card path, place cards 1
and 2 in hopper before
card 3, and press START.
_--+--:::;t" Stackers
Corner Read Station

3. A Transport Error indicates that card 1 has
.~ jammed in the stacker during the feed cycle for
..--:r"",,=T."':""m'l card 2 .
Error Indicator: TRANS light on.

_-...-1\-----'7 Stackers
4. A Feed Cycle Error indicates that the 1442 took

an unrequested feed cycle and, therefore, cards
1, 2, and 3 are each one station farther ahead
in the 1442 card path than they should be.
Error Indicator: FEED C LU light on.

empty hopper, press
NPRO to eject cards 2 and
3, place cards 1, 2, and 3
in hopper before card 4,
and press START.
58
•
Corner Read Station
5. A Feed Check Error (read station) indicates
that card 1 failed to eject from the read station
during its feed cycle.
Error Indicator: READ STA light on.

Corner Read Station 6. A Read Registration Error indicates incorrect

.~ card registration or a difference between the
first and second reading of a column.
Error Indicator: READ REG light on.
Operator Procedure: See "A Feed Check (punch

station)." Repeated fail-
ures of this type might
indicate a machine mal-
function.
~_-II----::;? Stackers
•
Read Station 7. A Punch Check Error indicates an error in
output punching.
Error Indicator: PUNCH light on.

empty hopper, check card
position and press NPRO
to clear 1442 card path.
If necessary, correct
card 1 to pre punched
state. Place card 1 (cor-
rected) and card 2 in
hopper before card 3, and
press START.
IBM 1442 Card Pun8h, Model 5 and 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7 59
IBM 16~7 PLOTTER, MODE LS 1 AND 2
Operator Controls
X Axis Supply
Paper Plot Spool
Motion -x Chart Paper Pen and Carriage {not visible}
Plot Take-up Spool

+x
The Carriage Single Step Switch steps the pen car- The Power On Light glows when the 1627 receives
riage to the left or to the right in 1/100-inch incre- electrical power.
ments. The carriage single step switch accurately
aligns the earriage along the y-axis of the graph The Drum Single Step Switch rotates (steps) the drum
paper after the carriage has been positioned with in 1/100-inch increments clockwise or counterclock-
the carriage fast run switch. wise along the x-axis. This switch is used with the
carriage single step switch to accurately align the
The Carriage Fast Run Switch steps the pen car- pen on a point or fixed coordinate on a graph after
riage rapidly to the left or to the right (120 steps the carriage has been positioned with the drum fast
per second). The carriage fast run switch can move run switch.
the carriage to any desired area of a graph.
The Drum Fast Run Switch moves the drum rapidly
The Power On/Off Switch connects power from the
clockwise or counterclockwise (120 steps per sec-
central processing unit to the 1627. The power
ond). This switch is used with the carriage fast
switch only operates when the central processing
run switch to position the pen to any desired area
unit mainline power switch is on. No power-on de-
of a graph.
lay is involved with the 1627 power switch; that is,
the plotter can operate as soon as the switch is
turned on. The Pen Up/Down Switch raises or lowers the pen.
60
The Chart Drive On/Off Switch disables the front In this way, the pen traverse is adjusted
and rear chart drives. When the 1627 is recording to match the printed scale of the chart paper.
on a sheet of graph paper, the chart drive switch which may vary in width because of high
should be off. When the 1627 is recording on a or low humidity. The vernier control knob
roll of paper, the chart drive switch should be on. is located at the left end of the drum above
the switch panel. For work with non-scale
The Vernier Control Knob varies the size of the paper, the control should be centered at
pen carriage increments on the 1627 model 2. the zero position.
Installing a Roll of Graph Paper
1. Turn the power switch to OFF.

2. Loosen the knurled knob at the bottom of the
pen holder and remove the pen assembly from
the carriage.
Caution
Use care when handling the pen assembly. This
assembly is manufactured to close tolera:lces
for optimum performance.
3. Turn the right rear chart s pool by hand until the

drive key is pointing upward.
4. Hold the roll of graph paper so that the key slot

in the core is pointing upward.
5. Place the roll against the spring-loaded left
rear idler (supply) spool and force the spool
to the left.
6. Lower the paper roll and slide the right end
onto the drive spool. Make certain that the
drive key engages the key slot in the core.
7. Put a paper roll core on the two front spools
below the drum, using the same procedure for
installing the paper roll (steps 3-6).
IBM 1627 Plotter, Models 1 and 2 61

8. Pull approximately 18 inches of paper off the
roll; slide the end Wlder the carriage rods,
behind the tearbar, and behind the core:; and
fasten the end of the paper to the front side of
the core with two or three short pieces of cello-
phane tape.
9. Wind the paper onto the core -- one or two ro-
tations. Be sure that the drum sprockets are
properly meshed with the sprocket holeB on both
sides of the paper.
10. Install the pen assembly onto the carriage.
(Reverse step 2.)
The pen is in a down position when the
power is off; therefore, install the pen assem-
bly onto the carriage over an area outside the
"recording area. "
11. Turn the power switch to ON.
The pen should rise when the power is
~urned on. If the pen does not rise when the
power is turned on, turn the pen switch to
DOWN, then to UP.
(Reverse the installation sequence to re-
move a roll of chart paper.)
Installing a Sheet of Graph Paper
1. Turn the power switch to OFF.

2. Loosen the knurled knob at the bottom of the
pen holder and remove the pen assembly from
the carriage.
Caution
Use care when handling the pen assembly.
This assembly is manufactured to close toler-
ances for optimum performance.
3. Slide the sheet of graph paper Wlder the car-

riage rods onto the drum surface.
4. Attach the top edge of the paper to the drum
with two or three short pieces of cellophane
tape.
62
5. Turn the drum upward by hand, keeping the
paper smooth and flat against the drum surface.
6. Attach the bottom edge of the paper to the drum
with two or three short pieces of cellophane
tape.
7. Install the pen assembly onto the carriage.

(Reverse step 2. )
8. Turn the power switch to ON.
Reverse the procedure to remove a sheet
of graph paper. (If tape adhesive should re-
main on the drum surface, clean it with cloth
and cleaning solvent.)

Assembling the Pen
1. Unscrew the cap from the holder.
2. Insert the pen into the plunger.

3. Ins ert the pen and plunger into the holder ,.
64
4. Screw the cap onto the holder.
5. Align the key on the holder with the key slots in

the carriage and press the pen assembly into
the pen mounting.
6. Tighten the knurled nut on the bottom of the
holder.
The ball-point pens used with the 1627 may
blot. Therefore, be sure to clean the pen tip
after each hour of use. Since the ink in a pen
only lasts for five to seven hours of writing, the
pen should" perhaps, be replaced before plot-
ting a critical project.
Caution
Use care when handling the pen assembly.
This assembly is manufactured to close
tolerances for optimum performance.
Checking the Plotter Operation
1. Install the graph paper and assemble and 5. Turn the pen switch to DOWN, and the drum
install the pen components. fast run switch to the down position. Verify
2. Turn the power on/off and chart crive switches that the pen retraces the previously drawn line.
to ON. 6. Turn the carriage fast run switch to the left
3. Turn the pen switch to DOWN and the drum fast position and verify that the pen traces a hori-
run switch to the up position. Verify that the zontal line. When the carriage reaches the
pen traces a vertical line. edge of the paper, tUrn the carriage fast run
4. Turn the pen switch to UP and verify that the switch to the right and verify that the pen re-
pen lifts off the surface of the paper. traces the horizontal line.

• 7. Turn on the carriage single step switch and the
drum single step switch alternately. Verify
that both the carriage and the drum only move
one step each time.
Step 2.
Note: It is useful to include a program check-
Step 1.
ing routine within a program designed for
plotter use. This routine is used for debug-
ging the program initially and for checkout
of the system at any tim e. The program
check provides a graphic representation to
replace the feedback checks used in other
output units.
The logic of a program check is simple:
(1) plot a plus symbol (+) at the start of the
Final Result Final Result program (outside the graph area), and (2)
Properl y AI i gned Improperly Aligned return to this location at the end of the pro-
ITW89J gram to superimpose an X over the plus
symbol. See example on the left.
66
IBM 2250 DISPLAY UNIT, MODEL 4
Operator Controls
The Alphameric Keyboard has 44 character keys The ALTN Coding Key allows the selection of NULL,
(space bar and null) for selecting 90 (upper- and END, or CANCEL. When pressed with any other
lower-case) EBCDIC characters. The alphameric key, this key generates a null code.
keyboard is under control of the central processing
unit program.
The Continue Key, when held down with a character
The Shift Key, when pressed, permits the selection or control key, enters a character or control key
of any upper-case alphabetic character or any upper- code every regeneration cycle.
case character identified on the dual-character keys.
When the shift key is up, any lower-case alphabetic
character or lower-case dual-character-key char-
acter can be selected. The End, Cancel, Advance, Backspace, and Jump
Keys functions are under control of the central
The Lock Key holds the shift key in the down position. processing unit program.
IBM 2250 Dis play Unit, Model 4 67

The Programmed FWlCtion Keyboard contains :32
keys, 32 indicators, and eight switches which sense
a code pWlChed into the top edge of an overlay. The
program defines the fWlCtion of each key and indica-
tor.
The Light Pent a fiber-optic device, operates under

control of the central processing unit program.
Two small beams of light projected by the light
pen appear as two small dots on the cathode-ray tube
faceplate. These dots· assist the user in aiming the
light pen by "bracketing" the image section that is
wi thin the light pen field of view.
68
The Brightness Control adjusts the light intensity of
the overall display for a given regeneration rate.
Improper adjustment of this control might result in
faulty light pen operation.
The Programmed Function Keyboard Overlay identi-

o 4 6
fies the function of the keys and indicators, both to
o the operator and to the central processing unit pro-

gram. The circles on this overlay represent the
holes through which the keys/indicators protrude.
The number at the upper left of each circle is the
code of the associated key/indicator. Overlays can
be marked by typewriter, ball-point pen, or pencil.
A clear lacquer s pray is suggested for fixing the
markings on the overlay (to prevent smudging).
IBM 2250 Display Unit, Model 4 69

IBM 2310 DISK STORAGE, MODELS B1 AND B2
Operator Controls
The Start/Stop Switches cause the disk drive to The Disk Drive Numbers (1 and 2) and Heads Loaded
cycle up (start) or cycle down (stop). To cycle up Lights have two purposes: they identify disk drive
means that the 2310 enters ready status. The disk units -- 1 for the upper drive and 2 for the lower
drives take approximately 90 seconds to cycle up drive -- and they indicate to the operator when the
and approximately 40 seconds to cycle down. heads are loaded on the disk.
The Enable/Disable Switch, when on ENABLE, starts

The Cartridge Unlocked Lights turn on when the 2315 the usage meter if both the disk storage drive is ready
Disk Cartridges unlock from the drives. The disk and the central processing unit is running. When the
cartridge is locked into the drive whenever the disk switch is on DISABLE, the usage meter stops and the
is spinning. The operator should not try to remove disk turns on a not- ready indicator. To change the
the disk cartridge when the cartridge unlocked light position of the switch, the central processing wlit
is off. must not be in a run condition.
..
Changing the Disk Storage Cartridge
Start/Stop Press here to 1. Put the start/stop switch on STOP.

Switches open door 2. Open the 2310 door when the cartridge unlocked
light comes on.
70
3. Pull down the release/lock handle and remove
the cartridge. (An interlock prevents removal
of the cartridge until system power is on and
the disk has stopped spinning. )
Close the cartridge door by pressing down
on it. This step is important for two reasons:
it creates a positive dust seal, and it immobil-
izes the disk in the cartridge.
4. Insert the cartridge into the aperture. The

access mechanism read/write heads are auto-
matically positioned as the cartridge is inserted.
5. Raise the access release/lock handle to lock
the cartridge in place.
6. Close the 2310 door and put the start/stop switch
on START.
An interlock prevents the motor from start-
ing unless the cartridge is correctly inserted
and the disk is in place. The disk reaches ready
status in approximately 90 seconds.
IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Models B1 and B2 71

ruM 2501 CARD READER
Operator Controls
The Attention Light (amber) turns on when the stacker The Feed Check Light (amber) indicates that a card
is full or when the top cover is open. The attention is mispositioned in the feed path or that a card has
light turns off when the error condition is corrected. failed to feed from the hopper.
When the attention light turns on, the ready To restart, empty the hopper and clear the 2501
light turns off. card path. If a card is improperly positioned at the
preread station (it has not been read), place th:ls
The Read Check Light (frosted) indicates incorrect card ahead of the cards remaining to be read, place
card registration or a difference between the first the deck back in the hopper, and press START.
and second reading of a column.
To restart, empty the hopper, press NPRO, The Power On Light (frosted) glows when the 2501
place the last two cards in the stacker ahead of the receives electrical power.
deck remaining to be read, place the deck remaining
to be read back in the hopper, and press START. The Start Key (green) turns on the ready light if the
electrical power is on. If no card is at the preread
The Ready Light (green) turns on when the 2501 is station, one card is fed to that position.
prepared to accept instructions from the central
processing unit. The following conditions must be
The NPRO (Non-Process Runout) Key ejects all
satisfied before the ready light will turn on:
cards in the card read path to the stacker without
1. Power on.
reading them. The blue NPRO key operates only
2. Cards in hopper, except during last-card
when the hopper is empty and when the machine is
sequences.
clear of card jams.
3. Card in preread station, except during last-
card sequences.
4. Read check, feed check, and attention lights off. The Stop Key (red) terminates the ready status of
5. Machine not halted with stop key. the 2501. If a card read operation is in progress,
6. Cards not being nUl out with the NPRO key. the operation is completed before the machine stops.
7. Last card indicator not set. The start key restarts the 2501.
72
Removing Jammed Cards
1. Remove the cards from the hopper.
Card Weight Joggler Gate
2. Fan the cards.

3. Replace creased or torn cards.
4. Press the NPRO key. If this procedure does not

turn off the feed check light, proceed with step 5.
IBM 2501 Card Reader 73

lift here Rear Top Cover 5. Raise the rear top cover.
6. Turn the handwheel forward or backward to re-

Plastic Card Guide
move any card that is partially under the feed
roll.
7. Raise the plastic card guide over the preread
station, if necessary, to aid in removing the
jammed card.
8. Close the plastic card guide.
9. Close the rear top cover.
Handwheel [illliJ
10. Press the NPRO key.

11. Press the start key. (The 2501 is now in ready
status. )
Readying the 2501
1. Turn system power on. 3. Load the hopper with cards -- face down, 9-
2. Press NPRO to clear the feed check condition. edge first. Replace card weight.
When system power is turned on, a feed 4. Press START.
check. automatically results in the 2501. The 2501 is now in ready status.
74
APPENDIX A. CARRIAGE CONTROL TAPE
~~ A carriage control tape has 12 vertical channels,

I
(Top of First Form) numbered 1 through 12 from right to left. When
=::ii ..... '" .U"WN-
0 designated by the program, channels 1 through 6 stop
- I
i the form on specific printing lines, and channels 9

I
N
I 0 and 12 sense the location of the form for overflow.
..
w
;
I
I Channels 7, 8, 10, and 11 are not used. Channell
.
UI
I
0 is normally used for the first printing line of a form .
.
"c-
I
I iiii If channell is used, the carriage automatically skips
I
to this channel as a home position when the carriage
"l-
01- -
I
i 0 restore key is pressed.
::1-
;:Of-
I
I
- I-- /--
I Although the carriage control tape is designed for
V\
.0:1-
U:I-
-
-
-
I
I
-
- t-
'---,f\
six-lines-per-inch spacing, it can control eight-lines-
per-inch spacing. Each 1/6-inch line on the tape
I
..
;;
-- -
I
I
- - t- represents each 1/8-inch line on the form, or each
line on the tape represents one line on the form.
=1-- - I
;;1- -
I
- t- Therefore, in planning a tape for an eight-lines- per-
::II-
N -
I
- t-
inch document, count to each corresponding position
I
::: I
on the form and on the tape rather than aligning the
tI tape next to the form. Since a maximum of 132
I
~I-- '),b
III 1-- --
I
- tape lines is usable, six-lines-per-inch spacing
!Ill-- f-
I
- l-/~ accommodates one or more forms totaling 22 inches,
I
!::II-- f-t- f-t-- -
I or eight-lines-per-inch spacing accommodates on~
t.I==c= ...... I • "' .... WN_
::II I
or more forms totaling 16-1/2 inches .
~ f-
!:l
I
- I-- --I-
Prepunched, round feed holes are in the center
I
1::1
I
of the tape for the pin feed drive on the tape sensing
1:1 I mechanism.
t: I
III I
1IIf-
I
!:l - - I--
I
1111--
I
1111-- b<
I
~I--
~
I
~
Itf-
I
I
l
t; t-!
:t:f-
I
I
...
~f- - -
I
It--
~
lili
I
I
I
I
•
*11: 1- t-t- f-t- -
I
I
~I--t-t- t-- - - f-+- c--I-
Appendix A 75
Marking the Tape for Punching
r---'----
~WE_
I
••••• 1
o
o
1.
2.
Lay the tape next to the left edge of the form,
with the line immediately under the glue portion
even with the top edge of the form.
Mark tape channell on the line that corresponds
to the first printing line on the form.
3. Mark one tape channel for each of the add:ltional
o
skip stops required. The tape should never be
First o punched in more than one channel on the same
Printing line. Also (for efficiency), holes in the same
Line o
channel should be at least two lines apart on the
o 1403 and four lines apart on the 1132.
o 4. Mark channel 9 and 12 for the last printinl5 line
0
on the form if an overflow is required.
O...L o 5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 for as many additional
0 o forms as will fit in the 132 line s paces usable
J on the tape. When the tape controls several
0 o forms in one revolution through the carriage,
I
) Predete rmined
o the life of the tape increases.
0 I Print Lo cations
0 o
::: I
0
I
1 o
It - --
I u l
Overfl ow o
~
I I
II:
Il-
I
0: o
~ - - -
I
! ,
•
.-----~.-
j-rH~··' :~' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '--t-...n
o "
'NT' 't- ....:'-T-,_ :~:.:o~;~::'~

1
"
o
o
6. Mark the tape for cutting on the line correspond-
ing to the bottom edge of the last form. The cut
edge should be at least four lines from the last
punched hole in the tape because the last half-
o
inch of the tape overlaps the glue section when the
o two ends are joined.
I~
n. :~1~~:
Printing
o
Note: If it is necessary to punch a hole lower
o than four lines from the bottom of the form,
Un.
o place the tape so that the top line of the tape is
~~tP:l.nil'l
!II!11 : ~ -
four lines lower than the top edge of the form,
o and then mark the channels. To compensate
o for this low placement, cut the tape four lines
t lower than the bottom edge of the last form.
;_o8J I o
t1
I:I~-
) i
0
I Predeterm i ned
o
~t . !ll
- .... 1_ 0 Print Locations
o o
:L :="'":~_l ) o o
~-_i."l" o
u : -"" Overflow
I;Ir.=o ••{ I
0:
N_
:::+
tl --i-
-+-.
--.~' I
I
o
~ -- I
II: '-til.'1.
III
~- -I~
-I . ...1-.J....-'---'---'----_ _ _ _ _
Cut fourform.
end of lines below
76
Punching the Tape
1. Insert the tape in the pWlch.

2. Position the horizontal line to be pWlched over
the guide line on the base of the pWlch.
3. Place the center feed holes over the pins that
project from the base.
4. Move the indicator slide Wltil it points to the
channel to be pWlched.
5. Press the top of the pWlch at the back. Doing so
cuts a rectangular hole at the intersection of the
vertical (channel) and horizontal lines .
-..
w
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==c= ......
I
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I
I
I
i
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0
J
1
o
6.
7.
8.
Repeat steps 1 through 3 for each mark on the
tape.
Cut the tape on the line marked for the bottom
edge of the last form.
Loop the tape and glue the bottom end to the top
o
;
I
... I
0
.. I-- f-
I
section, marked "glue". Be sure that the bottom
... f- f- -
0 o edge lines up with the first line and that the
.... 1-
CD-
- -
- -
I
I
- -
i
~
center feed holes coincide.
o
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Locations
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A ppendix A 77
APPENDIX B. USING THE MACHINE COVERS FOR SAFETY
In addition to improving appearance, the covers of practices, and the covers have been designed to
ruM machines have been designed to safeguard reduce noise below any possible hearing damage
personnel against possible injury during operation. level. Operation with the covers open, however,
While some hazards (such as moving mechanical causes needless exposure to these unseen hazards.
parts) are obvious, others are not. Electrical poten- Because of this fact, IBM strongly recommends
tials and acoustical noise are in the latter category. that all personnel associated with the equipment
While ruM maintains vigorous attention to follow the simple safety-first procedure of
safety on all of its machines , the effectiveness of keeping the covers closed whenever the machine
safeguards is decreased by failure to keep the is operating. In addition to the safety aspeots
covers closed when running. of this procedure, the visual and aural environ-
The frames of all ruM equipment have been ments of the installation are Significantly en·-
made electrically safe by recommended grounding hanced.
78
APPENDIX C. RELATED LITERATURE
1. Disk Pack and Cartridge Handling Procedures, 6. 1130 Disk Monitor System, Version 2, Pro-
A26-5756. gramming and Operator's Guide, C26-3717.
This manual contains the operating and mainte-

This manual provides suggested operating and
nance procedures for the IBM 1130 Disk Monitor
handling procedures for this unique data proc-
System, Version 2. An introductory section
essing device.
acquaints the user with the IBM 1130 system.
A section on programming tips and techniques
2. 1130 Bibliography, A26-5916. assists the user in utilizing the monitor system.
7. 1130 Functional Characteristics, A26-5881.

This three-part bibliography indexes and ab-
stracts basic reference literature for planning,
This manual provides basic programming and
installing, programming, and operating the
operating information for the 1130 Computing
IBM 1130 Computing System.
System. The functional as pects of the system
are explained in detail, and the operational
3. 1130 Card/Paper Tape Programming Systems -- characteristics are described in terms of pro-
Operator's Guide, C26-3629. gram instructions, input/output operations,
and central processing unit console displays
and functions. Intended as a reference manual,
This publication provides the information neces-
the material presented assumes some prior
sary to operate the IBM 1130 card and paper
knowledge of stored-program computers.
tape programming systems: FORTRAN com-
piler, assembler and compressor, subroutine
8. 1130 System Summary, A26-5917.
library, and utility programs. Primarily in-
tended for the machine operator, the manual
The System Summary presents a brief intro-
describes the loading and restarting procedures
duction to the IBM 1130 Computing System,
for the programming systems in detail.
including system concepts, components, and
programming systems. Intended as a general
4. 1130 Component Description -- 2250 Display overall picture of the 1130, the manual helps
Unit, Model 4, A26-2723. the reader gain a basic understanding of the
system and its use.
This pUblication contains detailed information
9. 2501 Card Reader, Models Al and A2 --:
about the IBM 2250 Display Unit, Model 4, pro-
Component Description and Operating
gramming, operations, and special features.
Procedures, A26-5892.
The material is presented with the assumption
that the reader has read the IBM 1130 Functional
Characteristics, Form A26-5881.
The operating principles and features of the
IBM 2501 Models Al and A2, as used with
5. 1130 Disk Monitor System -- Reference System/360 Model 20 Data ProceSSing System
Manual, C26-3750. or with the IBM 1130 Computing System, are
described in this publication. Descriptions
This publication describes the 1130 disk moni- of keys, lights, program indicators, program
tor, a combined operating and programming instructions, and machine timings are included.
system. Operator procedures are also described.
Appendix C 79
APPENDIX D. 1130 CONSOLE CHECK SHEET
1130 CONSOLE CHECK SHEET
USE OF TH IS SHEET ON I NTERM ITTENT AND/OR I NFREQUENT PROCESSOR OATE/TI ME _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

STOPS CAN ASSIST IN ANALYZING AND DIAGNOSING WlCHINE AND JOB ____________________
PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS. THIS WILL INCREASE WI(;HINE AVAILABILITY
AND UTILIZATION. FILL IN AS FOLL~S; PROGRAM ______________________
I. WlRK (X OR"> ALL INDICATORS GL~ING ON THE OPERATOR __________________

DISPLAY CONSOLE WHEN A STOP OR HANG UP CONDITION
OCCURS.
2. ATTACH ANY PERTINENT AUNT OUT DATA.
3. NOTE IN THE COMMENTS ANY SPECIAL I/O CONDITIONS
OR ANY SPECIAL PROCEDURES REQUIRED TO RESTART.
r~~1
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21314 61718191101"11211311411~~
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Printed in U.S.A.
80
APPENDIX E. GLOSSARY
A
Accumulator: A register in which the result of an Binary Code: A code that makes use of exactly two
arithmetic or logical operation is formed, distinct characters, usually 0 and 1.
Address: Binary Coded Character: One element of a notation

1. An identification, as represented by a name, system for representing alphameric characters such
label, or number, for a register, location in as decimal digits, alphabetic letters, punctuation
storage, or other data source or destination. marks, etc., by a fixed number of consecutive
2. Loosely, any part of an instruction that specifies binary digits.
the location of an operand for the instruction.
Binary Digit: A character used to represent one of
Address Register: A register that stores an address. the integers smaller than the radix 2.
Alphameric: Bit: An abbreviation of binary digit. See binary

1. A generic term for alphabetic letters, numerical digit.
digits, and special characters that are machine-
processable. Blank Character: A character used to produce a
2. A contraction of alphabetic-numeric. character space on an output medium.
Array: An arrangement or pattern of items.
Assemble: To prepare an object language program

from a symbolic language program by substituting
c
machine operation codes for symbolic operation codes Card:
and absolute or relocatable addresses for symbolic 1. A machine-processable information storage
addresses. medium of special-quality paper stock, generally
7-3/8 x 3-1/4 inches.
Assembler: A program that assembles. See 2. An internal pluggable unit for printed-circuits
assemble. wiring and components.
Asynchronous: Pertaining to a lack of time coinci- Card Code: The combinations of punched holes that
dence in a set of repeated events. This term is ap- represent characters (letters, digits, etc.) in a
plied to a computer to indicate that the execution of punched card.
one operation is dependent on a signal that the previ-
ous operation is completed. Card Column: One of the vertical lines of punching
positions on a punched card.
Card Hopper: A mechanism which holds cards pre-

paratory to feeding.
B
Card Image: A one-to-one representation of the
Backspace: To move one unit in the reverse or
contents of a punched card; e. g., a matrix in which
backward direction as opposed to moving one unit in
a 1 represents a punch and a 0 represents the ab-
the forward direction; e. g., to move back one rec-
sence of a punch.
ord or file on an I/O device.
Binary: Card Punch: A device to record information in cards

1. Pertaining to a characteristic or property in- by punching holes in the cards to represent letters,
volving a selection, choice or condition in which digits, and special characters.
there are two possibilities.
2. Pertaining to the number representation system Card Reader: A device that senses and translates
with a base of 2. into internal form the holes in punched cards.
Appendix E 81
Card Row: One of the horizontal lines of punching Check:
positions on a punched card. 1. To examine or test for accuracy or for precision.
Card Stacker: A mechanism that stacks cards in a 2. An error.
pocket after they pass through a machine.
Chip: That piece of card removed in punching a hole.
Carriage Heturn: The operation that causes printing
to be returned to the left margin with or without line Clock:
advance. ~ device that generates periodic signals used
Cathode-Ray Tube: A vacuum tube used as a storage for synchronization.
or a visual display device. 2. A device that measures and indicates time.
Central Processing Unit: The unit of a computing Code:

system that contains the circuits that control and 1. The assignment of meaining to a character or
perform the execution of instructions. group of characters; e. g., an alphabet.
Chad: That piece of material removed in punching 2. A label to identify a routine, location, operator,
a hole in perforated tape. operand, name, etc.
3. A machine-language program.
Chadded Tape: Perforated tape with the chad com-
pletely ~emoved. Column:
Chadless Paper Tape: A paper tape with the holes 1. A vertical arrangement of characters or other
partially punched. It is commonly used in teletype expressions.
operations and when printing is to be done on the 2. Loosely, a digit place.
surface of the tape as it is punched.
Command: An instruction in machine language.
Chain Printer: A high-speed printer in which the
type slugs are carried by the links of a revolving CommlUlication: The process of transferring infor-
chain. mation from one point, person, or equipment to
another.
Channel:
1. A path along which signals can be sent; e. g. ,
data channel, output channel.
2. The portion of a storage medium that is access- Compile: To prepare an object language program
ible to a given reading station; e. g., track, band. from a program written in another programming
3. A unit that controls the operation of one or more
language by performing the usual functions of an
I/O Wlits. assembler and also making use of the overall logical
structure of the program or generating more than
Character:: One of a set of elementary signals that one machine instruction for each symbolic stat1ement,
may include decimal digits 0 through 9, the letters or both.
A through Z, punctuation marks and any other sym--
boIs acceptable to a computer for reading, writing, Compiler: A program that compiles. See compile.
or storing.
Character Printer: A printer in which only a single Component: A basic part. An element.
character is composed and determined within the
device prior to printing. Computer:
1. A device capable of solving problems by accepting
Character Reader: An input device which reads data, performing prescribed operations on the
printed characters directly from a docwnent. data, and supplying the results of these opl3ra-
tions. Three types of computers are calculator,
Character Recognition: The act of reading, identify- digital computer, and analog computer.
ing, and decoding a printed character by optical or 2. In information processing, usually an automatic
other means. stored -program computer.
Character Set: A list of characters acceptable for Computer Instruction: A machine instruction for a
coding to a specific computer or input/output device. specific computer.
82
Computer Program: A plan or routine for solving a Digit: One of the ideographic characters 0, 1 ... 9
problem on a computer. Contrasted with such terms used to designate a quantity smaller than N for a base
as fiscal program, military program, and develop- N number system.
ment program.
Disable:
Computing: A generic term for all mathematical 1. Suppression of an interrupt feature.
and logical operations carried out according to pre- 2. Render inoperative.
cise rules of procedure.
Disk: A physical element of disk storage.
Console: That part of a computer which is used for
communication between the operator or service en- Disk Storage: A storage device which uses magnetic
gineer and the computer. recording on flat rotating disks.
Core Storage: A form of high-speed storage using Display: A visual presentation of data.
magnetic cores.
Display Tube: A tube, usually a cathode-ray tube,
CPU: See central processing unit. used to display data.
Cycle: Document: A medium and the information recorded

LAn interval of space or time in which one set of on it for human use; e. g., a report sheet, pages in
events or phenomena is completed. a book, etc.
2. Any set of operations that is repeated regularly
in the same sequence. The operations may be Drum Storage: A storage device that uses magnetic
subject to variations of each repetition. recording on a rotating cylinder. A type of address-
able storage associated with some computers.
Cycle Steal: The ability of a central processing unit
or processor-controller to delay the execution of a
program to allow communication of an input/output E
device with core storage without changing the logical Echo Check: A method of checking the accuracy of
condition of the central processing unit or processor- transmission of data in which the received data is
controller. returned to the sending end for comparison with the
original data.
Enable:
1. Restoration of a suppressed interrupt feature.
D 2. To permit.
Data: Any representation, such as characters or
Error:
analog quantities, to which meaning might be as-
signed.
L-rgeneral term to indicate that a data value is
not correct or that a machine component is mal-
functioning.
Data Processing: A systematic sequence of opera-
2. A specific term for the amount of loss in preci-
tions performed on data.
sion.
Data Processing System: A network of machine com- Execute: To carry out an instruction or perform a
ponents capable of accepting information, processing routine.
it according to a plan, and producing the desired
results.
Device:
1. That which is devised, invented or formed by F
design. Feed Holes: Holes punched in a tape to enable it to
2. A mechanical contrivance or appliance. be driven by a sprocket wheel.
Appendix E 83
Fixed Point: Pertaining to a number system in which context, the term instruction is preferable to the
the location of the point is fixed with respect to one terms command or order, which are sometimes
end of the numerals, according to some convention. used as synonyms. Command should be reserved
for electronic signals. Order should be reserved
FORTRAN (formula translating system): for sequence, interpolation, and related usage. Both
1. A data processing language that cl,osely re- command and order have important military applica-
sembles mathematical language. tions.
2. Pertaining to a computer program that translates
a FOHTRAN language program into a machine- Instruction Register: A register that stores an in-
language program. struction for execution.
Interface:
1. A shared boundary.
2. A shared boundary connecting logic between
H devices.
Hexadecimal Number System: A number system
using the equivalent of the decimal number 16 as a Interrupt:
base. 1. A break in the normal flow of a system or rou-
tine such that the flow can be resumed from that
Hoppe~: A device that holds cards and makes them point at a later time. An interrupt is usually
available to a card feed mechanism. Synonymous caused by a signal from an external source.
with input magazine. Contrast with card stacker. 2. To cause an interrupt.
I/O: See input/output.
I
Image: An exact logical duplicate stored in a differ-
ent medium.
K
Key:
Index Register: A register whose content is added to r:--That part of a word, record, file, etc., by which
or subtracted from the operand address prior to or it is identified or controlled.
during the execution of an instruction. 2. To code information.
3. A controlling switch.
Input:
1. The data to be processed. Keyboard: A device for the encoding of data by key
2. The state or sequence of states occurring on a depreSSion that causes the generation of the selected
specified input channel. code element.
3. The device or collective set of devices used for
bringing data into another device. Keypunch: A keyboard-operated device that ptmches
4. A channel for impressing a state on a device or holes in a card to represent data.
logic element.
5. The process of transferring data from an ex-
ternal storage to an internal storage.
6. Pertaining to any entities such as are cited
above.
L
Input/Output: Language:
LC"ommonly called I/O, a general term for the 1. A defined set of characters that are used to form
eqUipment used to communicate with a computer. symbols words, etc., and the rules for com-
2. The data involved in such communication. bining these into meaningful communication; e. g. ,
3. The media carrying the data for input/output. English, French, ALGOL, FORTRAN, or
COBOL.
InstructiOl~ A statement that specifies an operation 2. A combination of a vocabulary and rules of
and the values or locations of all operands. In this syntax.
84
Letter: An alphabetic character used for the repre-
sentation of sounds in a spoken language.
o
Off-Line: Pertaining to peripheral equipment or
Line Printer: A printer in which an entire line of devices not in direct communication with the central
characters is composed and determined within the processing unit of a computer.
device prior to printing.
On-Line: Pertaining to peripheral equipment or de-
Load: To place data into internal storage. vices in direct communication with the central proc-
essing unit of a computer.
Logic: The science which deals with the basic prin- Operating System: An organized collection of
ciples and applications of truth tables, switching, techniques and procedures for operating a computer.
gating, machine diagrams, electronics, etc.
Operation:
Logical Instruction: An instruction that carries out 1. A defined action; namely, the act of obtaining a
a logical operation, such as AND, OR, or NOR. result from one or more operands in accordance
with a rule that completely specifies the result
for any permissible combination of operands.
2. The set of such acts specified by such a rule or
the rule itself.
M 3. The act specified by a single computer instruc-
Machine Instruction: An instruction that the particular tion.
machine can recognize and execute. 4. A program step undertaken or executed by a
computer; e. g., addition, multiplication, ex-
Machine Language: A language that is used directly traction, comparison, shift, or transfer. The
operation is usually specified by the operation
by a given machine.
part of an instruction.
5. The event or specific action performed by a
Machine Operator: The person who manually con-
logic element.
troIs a machine.
Operator:
Manual Operation: Processing of data in a system 1. In the description of a process, that which indi-
by direct manual techniques. cates the action to be performed on operands.
2. A person who operates a machine.
Microsecond: One millionth of a second.
Optical Scanning: A technique for machine recogni-
Millimicrosecond: See nanosecond. tion of characters by their images.
Output:
Millisecond: One thousandth of a second.
1. That data that has been processed.
2. The state or sequence of states occurring on a
Monitor: To control the operation of several un-
specified output channel.
related routines and machine ,runs so that the com-
3. The device or collective set of devices used for
pute and computer time are used advantageously.
taking data out of a device.
4. A channel for expreSSing a state on a device or
Multiplexing: The interleaved or simultaneous trans-
logic element.
mission of two or more messages for a single
5. The process of transferring data from an inter-
channel.
nal storage to an external storage.
6. Pertaining to any entities such as are cited
Mylar: A DuPont trademark for polyester film often
above.
used as a base for magnetically coated or perforated
information media. Overflow:
L That portion of data that exceeds the capacity of
the allocated unit of storage.
2. Pertaining to the generation of overflow as in 1.
N Overlay: The technique of repeatedly using the same

Nanosecond: One thousand millionth of a second. blocks of storage during different stages of a problem~
Appendix E 85
e. g., when one routine is no longer needed in internal Punched Card:
storage, another routine can replace all or part of 1. A card punched with a pattern of holes to repre-
that storage. sent data.
2. A card as in 1, before being punched.
Punched Tape: A tape on which a pattern of holes or

p cuts is used to represent data.
Paper Tape Reader: A device which senses and

translates the holes in perforated tape into internal
form.
R
Parity Check: A check which tests whether the num- Radix: A quantity whose successive integral powers
ber of 1 f s (or 0 f s) in an array or binary digits is odd are the implicit multipliers of the sequence of inte-
or even. gers that represent a number. For example, if the
base is 5, then 1432 is 1 times 5 to the 3 plus 4
Perforatedl: A more suitable word to use in combina- times 5 to the 2 plus 3 times 5 to the 1 plus 2 times
tion with paper tape than the word punched; e. g. , 5 to the 0 which is equivalent to 242 in the decimal
perforated tape includes punched paper tape. representation system.
Pinfeed Platen: A cylindrical platen which drives the Random Access: Pertaining to the process of ob-
paper by means of integral rings of pins engaging taining data from, or placing data into, storage when
perforated holes, rather than pressure. there is no sequential relation governing the access
time to successive storage locations.
Platen:_ A backing, commonly cylindrical, against
which printing mechanisms strike to produce an im- Read:
preSSion. LTo transcribe information from an input device to
internal or auxiliary storage.
Plot: To map or diagram, to connect the point-by- 2. To acquire data from a source.
point coordinate values.
Reader: A device which converts information in one
Print "Vheel: A single element providing the charac- form of storage to information in another form of
ter set at one printing position of a wheel printer. storage.
Printer: A device which expresses coded characters Register: A device capable of storing a specified
as hard copy. amount of data, such as one word.
Program: Reset:
1. The plan for the solution of a problem, including 1. To restore a storage device to a prescribed
data gathering, processing and reporting. initial state, not necessarily that denoting O's
2. A group of related routines which solves a given 2. To place a binary cell into the 0 state.
problem.
3. To pla.n the method of attack for a defined prob- Restart: To return to a previous point in a program
lem. and resume operation from that point.
Progra.mmer: One who prepares programs for a Run: A single, continuous performance of a com-
computer. puter or device.
Progra.mming: The art of reducing the plan for the

solution of a problem to machine-sensible instruc-
tions. s
Single-Step: Pertaining to a method of operating a
Programming Language: A language used to prepare computer in which each step is performed in response
computer programs. to a single manual operation.
86
Space: Storage Register: A device for holding a unit of
I:'---:A place intended forthe storage of data; e. g. , information.
a place on printed page or a location in a stor-
age medium. System:
2. A basic unit of area on a record, i. e., an area 1. A collection of consecutive operations and pro-
that may not contain more than one printed cedures required to accomplish a specific ob-
character. jective.
3. One or more blanks. 2. An assembly of objects united to form a func-
4. To move from one place to another according tional unit.
to a prescribed format; e. g., to move hori-
zontally to the right on a printed page or verti-
cally down a page.
Stacker: See card stacker. T

Tape: A linear medium for storing information that
Statement: In computer programming, a meaning- can be used as input or output to a computer; e. g. ,
ful expression or generalized instruction in a source magnetic tape.
language.
Tape-Controlled Carriage: An automatic paper-
Storage:
feeding carriage controlled by a punched paper tape.
1. Pertaining to a device into which data can be
entered and from which it can be retrieved at
a later time.
2. Loosely, any device that can store data.
Storage Capacity: The amount of data that can be

v
contained in a storage device. Validity Check: A check for accuracy of character
representation.
Sto~e Device: A device into which data can be
inserted, in which it can be retained, and from Vector: A line denoting magnitude and direction, as
which it can be retrieved. contrasted with a scalar, denoting magnitude only.
Appendix E 87
INDEX
ABL (Enable) Indicator (1131) 14 Central Processing Unit, 1131 2,3,4,12

Accumulator Extension Indicator (1131) 13 Changing the Disk Storage Cartridge (2310) 70
Accumulator Indicator (1131) 13 Changing the Interchangeable Cartridge (1403) 53
Acoustical Dampener (1403) 46 Changing the Ribbon (1403) 49
Acoustical Noise 78 Chart Drive On/Off Switch (1627) 61
AC Indicator (1131) 14 Chart Paper (1627) 60
ADD Indicators 14 Check Light (1442) 54
Advance Key (2254) 67 Check Sheet, 1130 Console 80
AS Indicator (1131) 14 Checking A Not-Ready Condition (1134) 40
Alarm On/Off Switch (1131) 16 Checking Not-Ready Conditions (1055) 27
All Input/Output Devices 3 Checking the Plotter Operation (1627) 65
Alphameric Keyboard (2250) 67 Chip Box Light (1442) 54
ALTN Coding Key (2250) 67 CLK (Clock Running) Indicator (1131) 14
Arithmetic and Logical Instructions 4 Collators 2
Arithmetic Factor Indicator (1131) 13 Compiler 1
Assembler 1 Compilers 2
Assembling the Pen (1627) 64 Computing System, 1130 3
Attention Light (2501) 72 Condition Register Indicator (1131) 14
Console
Check Sheet 80
Backspace Key (1131) 19 Control Panel 2
Backspace Key (2250) 67 Display Panel (1131) 13
BFR (Buffer Loaded) Indicator (1131) 14 Entry Switches (1131) 12
Bibliography 79 Function Switches and Lights (1131) 15
Blank Forms 2 Keyboard (1131) 19
Brightness Control (2250) 69 Mode Switch (1131) 17
Brush Commutator (1132) 29 Typewriter (1131) 2
Brush Holder (1132) 29 Continue Key (2250) 67
Brush INLK (Interlock) Light (1403) 47 Control Program 2
Brushes (1132) 29 Control Timing Marks Switch (1231) 41
Counters 4
Covers 78
Cancel Key (2250) 67 CP (Character Phase) Indicator (1131) 14
Cap (1627) 64 Cycle Control Counter Indicator (1131) 14
Card Punch Operators 1
Card Punch, Model 5, 1442 7,54
Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7, 1442 2,8,54 Daily Schedule 1
Card Reader, 2501 72 Data Entry 4
Card Weight 55,73 Delete Key (1055) 24
CARR (Carriage) Fuse Light (1403) 47 DI (Data In) Indicator (1131) 14
Carriage Control Tape 75 Disk Cartridge, 2315 4,70
Eight-Lines-Per-Inch Spacing 75 Disk Storage, 2310 4,10,11,70
Marking 76 Disk Units 2
Punching 77 Disk Unlock Light (1131) 16
Six-Lines-Per-Inch Spacing 75 Display Storage (1131) 17
Carriage Display Unit (See 2250) 67
Fast Run Switch (1627) 60 Drum Fast Run Switch (1627) 60
Restore Key (1132) 28 Drum Single Step Switch (1627) 60
Single Step Switch (1627) 60
Space Key (1132) 28
Stop Key (1132) 28 Electrical Potentials 78
Stop Key (1403) 44 Element Post (1131) 22
Cartridge Spindles (1131) 23 Element Release Lever (1131) 22
Cartridge Unlocked Lights (2310) 70 Emergency Pull Switch (1131) 16
CE (Customer Engineer) Mode On/Off Toggle Emptying the Chad Box (1055) 27
Switch (1131) 18 Enable/Disable Switch (1133) 37
Index 89
Enable/Disable Switch (2310) 70 Index Registers (1131) 4
Enable Indicator (1131) 14 Indicators, PI and P2 (1131) 13
End-of-Field Key (1131) 19 Inner Cylinder (1055) 25
End-of-Form Stop (1132) 31 Input/Output 4
End-of-Forms Light (1403) 44 Devices 2
End Key (2250) 67 Interrupts 3
Erase Field Key (1131) 19 Operations 2, 3
Error DetHction 2 Inserting
Error Messages 1 Carriage Control Tape (1132) 31
External Documents 3 Carriage Control Tape (1403) 47
E1 Cycle Indicator (1131) 13 Forms (1442) 50
E2 Cycle Indicator (1131) 13 Forms (1132) 34
E3 Cycle Indicator (1131) 13 Paper Tape (1055) 24
Tape (1134) 38
Installing
Feed Fabric Ribbon Cartridge (1131) 23
Check Error (1442) 58,59 Forms Tractor (1132) 33
Check Light (1231) 42 Roll of Graph Paper (1627) 61
Check Light (2501) 72 Sheet of Graph Paper (1627) 62
CLU (Clutch) Light (1231) 54 Instruction Address Indicator (1131) 13
Clutch (1403) 45,48 Instructions 4
Cycle Error (1442) 58 Interchangeable Cartridge, Installing (1403) 53
Key (1055) 24 Interrupt Levels Indicator (1131) 14
Mode Switch (1231) 41 Interrupt Request Key (1131) 19
Pins (1132) 36 Interrupt Run Setting (1131) 17
Punch Check (1442) 59 IA Cycle Indicator (1131) 13
Read Registration (1442) 59 IX Cycle Indicator (1131) 13
Transport (1442) 58 11 Cycle Indicator (1131) 13
File On/Off Switch (1131) 18 12 Cycle Indicator (1131) 13
File Ready Light (1131) 16
Fixed-'Point Binary Form 4
Forms ChHck Light (1131) 16 Jammed Cards, Removing (1442) 55
Forms Check Light (1132) 28 Joggler Gate 55,73
Forms ChHck Light (1403) 44 Jump Key (2250) 67
Forms, Inserting (1132) 34
Forms, Inserting (1403) 50
Forms Stop Arms (1132) 35 KB Select Light (1131) 16
Forms Thickness Adjustment Lever (1132) 30 Key (1627) 64
Forms Tractor, Installing (1132) Keyboard 4
FORTRAN Pause 14 Keyboard Console/Keyboard Switch (1131) 15
Keyboard/Printer Console 4
Keyboard, Alphameric (2250) 67
Gate INTLK (Interlock) Light (1403) 47 Keyboard, Console (1131) 19
Glossary 81 Knurled Nut (1627) 64
Grounding 78
Guide Pin (1055) 25
Latch (1132) 29
Lateral Adjustment Hand Wheel (1132) 30
Handwheel (1442) 56 Lateral Print Vernier Knob (1403) 45
Handwheel (2501) 74 Left Hinged Pressure Plate (1132) 35
Heads Loaded Lights (2310) 70 Left Locking Ring (1132) 35
Holder (1627) 64 Left Paper Guide (1132) 35
Hopper (1442) 58 Lift Lever Handle (1134) 38
Hopper (2501) 73 Light Pen (2250) 68
Hopper Misfeed Error (1442) 57 Lines per Inch Adjustment (1132) 30
HOPR (Hopper) Light (1442) 54 Literature, Related 79
HS (High Speed) Start Light (1403) 47 Load and Store 4
HS (High Speed) Stop Light (1403) 47 Load IR (Instruction Register) Switch (1131) 15
Load Storage (1131) 17
Lock Key (2250) 67
IBM-Supplied Programs 2 Lower Paper Guides (1132) 35
IMM (Immediate) Stop Switch (1131) 15 Lower Punch Guide (1442) 56
Index Register Indicator (1131) 14
90
Machine Covers 78 Power On/Off Switch (1627) 60
Main Storage 4 Power On/Off Switch (1131) 15
Manual Controls (1132) 29 Power On/Power Off Light (1231) 42
Manual Controls (1403) 45 Pressure Plate 31, 35
Margin Scale (1131) 20 Pressure Platen Rolls (1132) 35
Master Mark (1231) 41 Print
Metal Eyelet (1132) 36 Check Light (1403) 44
Multi Mark Setting (1231) 41 Density Lever (1403) 45
Motor On/Off Switch (1132) 28 Line Indicator (1403) 49
Multiple Response Switch Scan Check Light (1132) 28
Multiple Response Select Uncertainties 41 Timing Dial 46
Multiplex Control Enclosure, 1133 5, 37 UN POS Light 47
Unit Release Lever 46, 49
Wheels 36
No Mark Setting (1231) 41 Printer, 1403 (See Also 1403) 2,44
Notched Bar (1132) 29 Printer, 1132 (See Also 1132) 2,5,6
Notched Bar Lever (1132) 29 PROC (Process) Check Light (1231) 42
NPRO (Non-Process Runout) Key (2501) 72 Program 1
NPRO (Non-Process Runout) Key (1442) 55 Control 4
Number Key (1131) 19 Load Light (1231) 42
Load Switch (1131) 15
Run Setting (1131) 17
Object Programs 2 Start Switch (1131) 15
Off-Line 2,4 Programmed Function Keyboard (2250) 68
Off-Setting (1231) 41 Programmed Function Keyboard Overlay (2250) 69
On-Line 2,4 Programmer 1
Operation Flags Indicator 14 Programming System 2
Operation Register Indicator 14 Punch Check Error (1442) 59
Operations Manager 1 Punch Die (1055) 25
Operator 1, 2 Punch Feed Release Lever (1442) 56
Optical Mark Page Reader (See 1231) 41 Punch Station (_1442) 55, 58
Other Than One Setting (1231) 41 Punched Cards 3
Outer Cylinder (1055) 25 P1 and P2 Indicators (1131) 13
Outfold Guide Bar (1132) 31,35,36
Overrun Light (1442) 54
RDY (Ready) Indicator (1131) 14
Re-Feed SEL DOC (Refeed Selected Docu-
Paper Advance Knob (1403) 45,51 ment) Light (1231) 42
Paper Pressure Rod (1131) 20 Read
Paper Release Lever (1131) 20 Capstan (1134) 38
Paper Tape 3 Light (1231) 42
Paper Tape Punch (See Also 1055) 5, 24 Mode Switches (1231) 41
Paper Tape Reader, 1134 (See Also 1134) 6, 38 REG (Registration) Light (1442) 54
Paper Tension Control (1132) 31,35 Registration Error (1442) 59
Parity Check Light (1131) 16 Station (1442) 58
Pen (1627) 64 Ready Light (1133) 37
Pen Up/Down Switch (1627) 60 Ready Light (1442) 54
Plastic Card Guide (1442) 56 Ready Light (2501) 72
Plastic Card Guide (2501) 74 Readying The
Platen Bearing Housing (1132) 30 Console Printer (1131) 20
Platen Clutch Knob (1132) 29 Disk Storage Drive (1131) 21
Platen Lock (1132) 30 IBM 1130 Computing System 19
Platen Pin Feed Pressure Plate (1131) 20 1231 42
Platen Pressure Roll Release Lever (1132) 30, 35 1442 57
Platen Space Knob 29 2501 74
Plotter (See 1627) REC (Receive) Indicator (1131) 14
Plunger (1627) 64 Registers 4
Power On Light Related Literature 79
1132 28 Removing A Fabric Ribbon Cartridge (1131) 23
1442 54 Removing A Typing Element (1131) 22
1627 60 Removing Jammed Cards (1442) 55
2501 72 Removing Jammed Cards (2501) 73
Index 91
Replacing A Ribbon (1132) 36 Sync Check Light (1403) 44
Replacing A Typing Element (1131) 22 System Stop Light (1403) 42
Reproducers 2 Systems Analyst 1
Reset Switch (1131) 15
Restarting The 1442 57
Restore Keyboard (1131) 19 Tab (1131) 20
Return (1131) 20 Take-up Reel (1134) 38
Rewinding Tape (1134) 39 Take-up Spool (1627) 60
Ribbon Tape
Cartridge (1131) 23 Guide (1055) 25
Correction Roll (1403) 50 Guides Half Circle (1132) 29
Changing A (1403) 49 Pressure Lever (1055) 24
Guide (1132) 36 Tension Lever (1055) 25
Replacing A (1132) 36 Tear Guide (1055) 25
Reverse Lever (1132) 36 TC Indicator (1131) 14
Reversing Bars (1403) 50 THER (Thermal) INLK (Interlock) Light (1403) 47
Reversing Lever (1403) 50 Timing Mark Check Switch (1231) 41
Shield (1403) 50 Top Ribbon Cover (1403) 49
Spool (1132) 36 Tractor (1132) 31
Right Locking Ring (1132) 31,35 Tractor Adjustment Wheel (1132) 31
Right Paper Guide (1132) 35 Tractor Pins (1132) 35
Right-Hand Tractor Vernier Knob (1403) 45,51 TRANS (Transport) Light (1442) 54
Round Rod (1132) 35 Transport Error (1442) 58
Run Book 1 TSM (Transmit Mode) Indicator (1131) 14
Run Light (1131) 16 TO through T7 Indicators (1131) 13
Safety 78 Unmarked Lights and Keys (1132) 29

SC Indicator (1131) 14
Segment Setting (1231) 41
Shift Key (2250) 67 Vernier Control Knob (1627) 61
SING RESP Switch (1231) 41 Vernier Knob (1132) 29
Single Cycle Pushbutton Switch (1131) 18 Vertical Print Adjustment Knob (1403) 45
Single Disk Storage Panel (1131) 18
Single Instruction Setting (1131) 17
Single Memory Cycle Setting (1131) 17 W (Wait) Indicator (1131) 13
Single Response Select Uncertainties (1231) 41
Single Step Setting (1131) 17 X7 Indicator (1131) 13
Single-Disk Storage Drive 4
Single-Word or Double-Word Instruction 4 ZR Indicator (1131) 14
Sorters 2 1 through 8 Indicators (1131) 14
Source Program Deck 1
Source Programs 2
Space/Mark Toggle Switch (1131) 18 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell 5,24
Splicing Tape (1055) 27 Chad Box, Emptying The 27
Stackers (1442) 58 Checking Not-Ready Conditions 27
Start Key Delete Key 24
1132 29 Emptying the Chad Box 27
1403 44 Feed Key 24
144,2 54 Guide Pin 25
2501 72 Inner Cylinder 25
Stop Key (1132) 29 Inserting Paper Tape 24
Stop Key (1442) 55 Not-Ready Conditions, Checking 27
Stop Key (:2501) 72 Outer Cylinder 25
Storage Access Channel 4,14 Paper Tape, Inserting 24
Storage Address Indicator (1131) 13 Punch Die 25
Storage Buffer Indicator (1131) 13 Splicing Tape 27
STR/BSC (Sync Trans Rec/Binary Sync Comm) Tape Advance Wheel 24
Toggle Switch (1131) 18 Tape Guide 25
Supply Reel (1134) 38 Tape Pressure Lever 24
Supply Spool (1627) 60 Tape Tension Lever 25
92
1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell (Continued) 1131 Central Processing Unit (Continued)
Tape, Splicing 27 Keyboard Console/Keyboard Switch 15
Tear Guide 25 Load Core Storage 17
Load m (Instruction Register) Switch 15
Margin Scale 20
1130 Computing System 3,19 NUM (Number) Key 19
1130 Console Check Sheet 80 Operation Flags Indicator 14
Operation Register Indicator 14
Paper Pressure Rod 20
1131 Central Processing Unit 4,12 Paper Release Lever 20
ABL (Enable) Indicator 14 Parity Check Light 16
AC Indicator 14 Platen Pin Feed Pressure Plate 20
Accumulator Extension Indicator 13 Power On/Off Switch 15
Accumulator Indicator 13 Program Load Switch 15
ADD Indicator 14 Program Run Setting 17
Alarm On/Off Switch 16 Program Start Switch 15
Arithmetic Factor Indicator 13 PI Indicator 13
AS Indicator 14 P2 Indicator 13
Backspace Key 19 RDY (Ready) Indicator 14
BFR (Buffer Loaded) Indicator 14 Readying the Console Printer 20
CE (Customer Engineer) Mode On/Off Toggle Switch 18 Readying the Disk Storage Drive 21
CLK (Clock Running) Indicator 14 REC (Receive) Indicator 14
Condition Register Indicator 14 Removing A Fabric Ribbon Cartridge 23
Console Display Panel 13 Removing A Typing Element 22
Console Entry Switches 12 Replacing A Typing Element 2.2
Console Function Switches and Lights 15 Reset Switch 15
Console Keyboard 18 REST KB (Restore Keyboard) Key 19
Console Mode Switch 17 Return 20
Console Printer, Readying The 20 Ribbon Cartridge 23
CP (Character Phase) Indicator 14 Ribbon Cartridge Spindles 23
Customer Engineer Mode On/Off Toggle Switch 18 Run Light 16
Cycle Control Counter Indicator 14 SC Indicator 14
DI,(Data In) Indicator 14 Single Cycle Pushbutton Switch 18
Disk Storage Drive, Readying The 21 Single Disk Storage Panel 18
,Disk Unlock Light 16 Single Instruction Setting 17
Display Core Storage 17 Single Memory Cycle Setting 17
Element Post 22 Single Step Setting 17
Element Release Lever 22 Space/Mark Toggle Switch 18
Emergency Pull Switch 16 Speed Selection Rotary Switch 18
EOF (End of Field) Key 19 Storage Address Indicator 13
Erase Field Key 19 Storage Buffer Indicator 13
E1 Cycle Indicator 13 STR/BSC (Sync Trans Rec/Binary Sync Com)
E2 Cycle Indicator 13 Toggle Switch 18
E3 Cycle Indicator 13 Tab 20
Fabric Ribbon Cartridge, Installing A 23 TC Indicator 14
Fabric Ribbon Cartridge, Removing A 23 TSM (Transmit) Mode Indicator 14
File On/Off Switch 18 Typing Element, Removing A 22
File Ready Light 16 Typing Element, Replacing A 22
Forms Check Light 16 TO through T7 Indicators 13
FORTRAN Pause 14 W (Wait) Indicator 13
IMM (Immediate) Stop Switch 15 X7 Indicator 13
Index Register Indicator 14 ZR Indicators 14
Installing a Fabric Ribbon Cartridge 23 1 through 8 Indicators 14
Instruction Address Indicator 13 1131 Central Processing Unit 3
INT REQ 19
Interrupt Levels Indicator 14
Interrupt Request Key 19 1132 Printer 5,6,28
Interrupt Run Setting 17 Brush Commutator 29
IX Cycle Indicator 13 Brush Holder 29
11 Cycle Indicator 13 Brushes 29
12 Cycle Indicator 13 Carriage Control Tape, Inserting A 31
KB Select Light 16 Carriage Restore Key 28
Index 93
1132 Printer (Continued) 1134 Paper Tape Reader, Models 1 and 2 6,38
Carriage Space Key 28 Capstan, Read 38
Carriage Stop Key 28 Checking a Not-Ready Condition 40
End of Form Stop 31 Inserting Tape 38
Feed Pins 36 Lift Lever Handle 38
First Printing Line Indicator 31 Not-Ready Condition, Checking A 40
Forms Check Light 28 Read Capstan 38
Forms, Inserting 34 Rewinding Tape 39
Forms Stop Arms 35 Supply Reel 38
Forms Thickness Adjustment Lever 30 Take-up Reel 38
Forms Tractor, Installing 33 Tape, Inserting 38
Inserting a Carriage Control Tape 31 Tape, Rewinding 39
Inserting Forms 34 Tape, Tension Arms 38
Latch 29
Lateral Adjustment Handwheel 30
Left Hinged Pressure Plate 35 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Model 1 6,41
Left Locking Ring 35 Check Length Switches 41
Left Paper Guide 35 Control Timing Marks Switch 41
Lines per Inch Adjustment 30 Feed Check Light 42
Lower Paper Guides 35 Feed Mode Switch 41
Manual Controls 29 Master Mark Switch 41
Metal Eyelet 36 MUL TI Mark Switch 41
Motor On/Off Switch 28 MULTI RESP (Multiple Response) Switch 41
Notched Bar 29 Multiple Response Select Uncertainties 41
Notched Bar Lever 29 NO MARK Switch 41
Outlold Guide Bar 31, 35, 36 Off Switch 41
Paper Tension Control 31,35 Other Than One 41
Pen Feed Pressure Plate 36 Power On/Power Off Light 42
Platen Bearing Housing 30 PROC (Process) Check Light 42
Platen Clutch Knob 29 Program Load Light 42
PlatenLock 30 Re-Feed SEL DOC 42
Platen Pressure Roll Release Lever 30,35 Read Light 42
Platen Space Knob 29 Read Mode Switches 41
Power On Light 28 Readying The 1231 42
Pressure Plate 31,35 Refeed Selected Document Light 42
Pressure Platen Rolls 35 Reset Key 42
Print Scan Check Light 28 Segment Setting 41
Print Wheels 36 SING RESP (Single Response) Switch 41
Ready Light 28 Single Response Select Uncertainties Switch
Refold Guides 35 Start Key 42
Ribbon Stop Key 42
Guide 36 System Stop Light 42
Replacing 36 Timing Mark Check Switch 41
Reverse Lever 36 Word Setting 41
Spool 36 1231, Readying The 42
Right Locking Ring 31,35
Right Paper Guide 35
ROlmd Rod 35 1403 Printer, Models 6 and 7 4,44
Shift Cam 35 Acoustical Dampener 46
Start Key 29 Brush Holder Patch 48
Stop Key 29 Brush INLK Light 47
Tape Guides Half Circle 29 Carriage Control Tape, Inserting 47
Tractor 31 Carriage Fuse Light 47
Tractor Adjustment Wheel 31 Carriage Restore Key 44
Tractor Pins 35 Carriage Space Key 44
Unmarked Lights and Keys 29 Carriage Stop Key 44
Vernier Knob 29 Carrier Control Idler 48
Check Reset Key 44
1133 Multiplex Control Enclosure 5,37 Clutch, Feed 45,48
Enable/Disable Switch 37 End-of-Forms Light 44
Ready Light 37 Feed Clutch 45,48
94
1403 Printer, Models 6 and 7 (Continued) 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 5, 6, and 7 (Continued)
Forms Check Light 44 Power On Light 54
Gate INTLK Light 47 Punch Check Error 59
HS (High Speed) Start Light 47 Punch Feed Release Lever 56
HS (High Speed) Stop Light 47 Punch Guide, Lower 56
Horizontal Adjustment Knob 45 Punch Station 55,58
Inserting Forms 50 Read REG (Register) Light 54
Interchangeable Cartridge, Changing 53 Read Registration Error 59
Interlock Lights 47 Read STA (Station) Light 54
Lateral Print Vernier Knob 45 Read Station 57, 58, 59
Lever, Print Density 45 Ready Light 54
Lever, Print Unit Release 46 Readying the 1442 57
LS (Low Speed) Start Light 47 Restarting the 1442 57
Manual Controls, 1403 45 Setup, Machine 8
Paper Advance Knob 45,51 Speeds, Machine 8
Print Chain 50 Stackers 57,58,59
Print Check Light 44 Start Key 55
Print Density Lever 45 (Station) Light, Read STA 54
Print Line Indicator 49 Stop Key 55
Print Ready Light 44 TRANS (Transport) Light 54
Print Timing Dial 46 Transport Error 58
Print UN (Unit) POS (Position) Light 47 1442, Readying The 57
Print Unit Release Lever 46, 49 1442, Restarting The 57
Ribbon, Changing 49
Ribbon Correction Roll 50 1627 Plotter, Models 1 and 2 8,9,60
Ribbon Reversing Bars 50 Assembling The Pen 64
Ribbon Reversing Lever 50 Cap 64
Ribbon Shield 49,50 Carriage Fast Run Switch 60
Right-Hand Tractor Vernier Knob 45,51 Carriage Single Step Switch 60
Shift INLK Light 47 Characteristics 9
Start Key 44 Chart Drive On/Off Switch 61
Stop Key 44 Chart Paper 60
Sync Check Light 44 Checking The Plotter Operation 65
THER (Thermal) INLK (Interlock) Light 47 Drum Fast Run Switch 60
Top Ribbon Cover 49 Drum Single Step Switch 60
Vertical Print Adjustment Knob 45 Graph Paper, Installing 61,62
Holder 64
1442 Card Read Punch, Models 5, 6, and 7 8,54 Installing a Roll of Graph Paper 61
Card Capacity 8 Installing a Sheet of Graph Paper 62
Card Guides 56 Key 64
Check Light 54 Knurled Nut 64
Chip Box Light 54 Paper, Chart 60
Errors Paper, Graph 61
Feed Check 58,59 Pen 64
Feed Cycle 58 Pen Up/Down Switch 60
Hopper 57 Pen, Assembling The 64
Punch Check 59 Plotter Operation 65
Read Registration 59 Plotter Operation, Checking The 65
Transport 58 Plunger 64
Feed Check Error 58, 59 Power On Light 60
Feed CLU (Clutch), Light 54 Power On/Off Switch 60
Feed Cycle Error 58 Supply Spool 60
Handwheel 56 Take-Up Spool 60
Hopper 58 Vernier Control Knob 61
Hopper Mi'sfeed Error 57
HOPR (Hopper) Light 54
Jammed Card Removal 55 2250 Display Unit, Model 4 9,67
Lower Punch Guide 56 Advance Key 67
Machine Speeds 8 Alphameric Keyboard 67
Non-Process Runout Key 55 ALTN Coding Key 67
NPRO 55 Backspace Key 67
Overrun Light 54 Brightness Control 69
Plastic Card Guides 56 Cancel Key 67
Index 95
2250 Display Unit, Model 4 (Continued) 2315 Disk Cartridge 4
Continue Key 67
Characteristics 9
End Key 67
Function Keyboard. Programmed 68 2501 Card Reader 11,72
Jump Key 67 Attention Light 72
Keyboard Overlay, Programmed Function 69 Card Weight 73
Keyboard, Alphameric 67 Characteristics 11
Keyboard, Programmed Function 68 Feed Check Light 72
Light Pen 68 Handwheel 74
Lock Key 67 Hopper 73
Overlay, Programmed Function Keyboard 69 Jammed Cards, Removing 73
Programmed Function Keyboard Overlay 69 Joggler Gate 73
Shift Key 67 Non-Process Runout Key 72
NPRO 72
Plastic Card Guide 74
2310 Disk Storage 4,10,11,70 Power On Light 72
Car'tridge Unlocked Lights 70 Read Check Light 72
Changing The Cartridge 70 Ready Light 72
Enable/Disable Switch 70 Readying The 2501 74
Heads Loaded Lights 70 Removing Jammed Cards 73
Lights, Cartridge Unlocked 70 Start Key 72
Start/Stop Switches 70 Stop Key 72
96
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File Number 1130-01

Systems Reference Library

IBM 1130 Operating Procedures

This is a guide to the operation of the 1130 Computing System. It

This manual is designed for operators who have had.

Significant changes or additions to the specificatiOns contained in this

A fonn is provided at the back of this publication for your comments.

© International Business Machines Corporation, 1968

APPENDIX B. USING THE MACHINE COVERS

The Role of the Operator 1

The IBM 1130 Computing System offers the user a

IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit, Models 1,

All input/output devices are under control of

Introduction to the. IBM 1130 Computing System 3

1. IBM 1403 Printer, Model 6 or Model 7.

The interrupt operation of the 1130 system allows

The IBM 1055 Paper Tape Punch, Modell punches

To request service, a device signals the central

Introduction to the IBM 1130 Computing System 5

IBM 1134 Pape,r Tape Reader, Modell

character code placed in core storage is accom-

The IBM 1231 Optical Mark Page Reader, Model 1

The IBM 1442 Card Punch, Model 5 is a unit that

Introduction to the IBM 1130 Computing System 7

IBM 1442 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7

The IBM 1<:1:42 Card Read Punch, Models 6 and 7 pro-

Model 7: Read 400 cards per minute.

Gards are placed in the hopper face down, 9-

Speed X, Y Increments 18,000 Steps/Minute 12,000 Steps/Minute

Width 12 Inches 31 Inches

Chart Plotting Width II Inches 29-1/2 Inches

The IBM 2250 Display Unit, Model 4 is a cathode -ray

Introduction to the IBM 1130 Computing System 9

The IBM 2310 Disk Storage, Models B1 and B2 pro--

Introduction to the IBM 1130 Computing System 11

Operator Controls: Console Entry Switches

I ACCUMULATORI 0 1 2 3 II 4 5 6 7 II 8 9 10 11 1112 13 14 15 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 126~~T~~NTROL 32 16 8 4 ;}]

The Arithmetic Factor Indicator represents the status

IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit 13

The Power On/Off Switch turns on the electrical

The Keyboard Console/Keyboard Switch indicates

The Program Start Switch causes the 1131 to take

The IMM (Immediate) Stop Switch causes an immedi-

The Reset Switch resets all input/output and machine

The Load IR (Instruction Register) Switch places the

The Program Load Switch loads the first card or

IBM 1131 Central Processing Unit 15

The Disk Unlock Light turns on when the disk car-

The File Ready Light turns on when the disk storage

The Run Light turns on when the central processing

The Parity Check Light turns on when a parity error

The KB Select Light turns on when an instruction

The Forms Check Light turns on when the last form

The Emergency Pull Switch, as the name of the switch

The SS (Single Step) Setting, with each depression

The SMC (Single Memory Cycle) Setting, with each

The INT RUN (Interrupt Run) Setting causes a level 5

The RUN (Program Run) Setting causes the 1131 to

The SI (Single Instruction) Setting causes the 1131 to

I ACCUMULATORI 0 1 2 3 II 4 5 6 7 II 8 9 10 11 1112 13 14 15 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 126TNTROL 32 16 8 4 ;}]