Biology G11

LO 3
DNA and proteins
Great thanks for

Mariam Waleed Mohamed Reda

Zeinab Hamdy Mina Sameh
Haneen Ahmed Mostafa Ali
Yasmine Mohamed Gowyrey

MS. Zainab Amer

Quiz 1
What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized
strand during DNA replication?
A) The particular DNA polymerase catalyzing the reaction
B) The relative amounts of the four-nucleoside triphosphates in the
cell
C) The nucleotide sequence of the template strand
D) The primase used in the reaction
E) The arrangement of histones in the sugar phosphate backbone
 Answer: C
from test bank
Campbell
Quiz 2
Dideoxyribonucleotide chain-termination is a method of
A) cloning DNA.
B) sequencing DNA.
C) digesting DNA.
D) synthesizing DNA.
E) separating DNA fragments
 Answer: B
from test bank
Campbell
 Quiz 3
Which of the following is a false statement regarding deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)?
A) Each deoxyribonucleic acid molecule is composed of two long chains of
nucleotides arranged in a double helix.
B) Genes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid.
C) DNA is composed of chemical building blocks called nucleotides.
D) DNA is a code for the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
E) DNA is an enzyme that puts together amino acids to make a protein
 Answer: E
from test bank Campbell
Quiz 4
Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their
?DNA encased within a nuclear envelope
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
from test bank Campbell
Quiz 5
It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of
their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount
?of hereditary information in which of the following
A) sequence of bases
B) phosphate-sugar backbones
C) complementary pairing of bases
D) side groups of nitrogenous bases
E) different five-carbon sugars
Answer: A
from test bank Campbell
Quiz 6
Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of these(6
?reasons
A) The prokaryotic chromosome has histones, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes do
.not
B) Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic
.chromosomes have many
C) The rate of elongation during DNA replication is slower in prokaryotes than in
.eukaryotes
D) Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, but eukaryotes do
.not
E) Prokaryotes have telomeres, and eukaryotes do not
Answer: B
from test bank Campbell
Quiz 7
._______ Recombinant DNA used to make GMOs is
a) DNA of one species has been recombined in a process to discover
new genes
b) DNA that is patched together using DNA from multiple organisms
c) a segment of one gene moved into another place in the DNA of an
organism
d) genes glued together with proteins
the answer: b
from mid term exam (2020/2021
 Quiz 8
Once the pattern found after one round of replication was observed,
Meselson and Stahl could be confident of which of the following
?conclusions
.A) Replication is semi-conservative
.B) Replication is not dispersive
.C) Replication is not semi-conservative
.D) Replication is not conservative
E) Replication is neither dispersive nor conservative
Answer: A
from test bank Campbell
Quiz 9
?Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a
DNA strand in the 5ʹ → 3ʹ direction
A) primase
B) DNA ligase
C) DNA polymerase III
D) topoisomerase
E) helicase
Answer: C
from test bank Campbell
Individuals with the disorder xeroderma pigmentosum
are hypersensitive to sunlight.This occurs because
their cells have which impaired ability .
A) They cannot replicate DNA .
B) They cannot undergo mitosis .
C) They cannot exchange DNA with other cells .
D) They cannot repair thymine dimers
Answer: D
from test bank Campbe ll
?What is the function of topoisomerase
A) relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication
fork
B) elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by
addition of nucleotides to the existing chain
C) the addition of methyl groups to bases of DNA
D) unwinding of the double helix
E) stabilizing single-stranded DNA at the replication
fork
Answer: A
from test bank Campbel l
What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging
strand during DNA replication
A) synthesize RNA nucleotides to make a primer
B) catalyze the lengthening of telomeres
C) join Okazaki fragments together
D) unwind the parental double helix
E) stabilize the unwound parental DNA
Answer: C
from test bank
Which of the following best describes the addition of nucleotides
to a growing DNA chain
A) A nucleoside triphosphate is added to the 5ʹ end of the DNA,
releasing a molecule of .pyrophosphate
B) A nucleoside triphosphate is added to the 3ʹ end of the DNA,
releasing a molecule of .pyrophosphate
C) A nucleoside diphosphate is added to the 5ʹ end of the DNA,
releasing a molecule of .phosphate
D) A nucleoside diphosphate is added to the 3ʹ end of the DNA,
releasing a molecule of .phosphate .
E) A nucleoside monophosphate is added to the 5ʹ end of the DNA
Answer: B
from test bank Campbell
The difference between ATP and the nucleoside triphosphates
used during DNA synthesis )15 is that .
A) the nucleoside triphosphates have the sugar deoxyribose; ATP
has the sugar ribose
B) the nucleoside triphosphates have two phosphate groups; ATP
has three phosphate .groups .
C) ATP contains three high-energy bonds; the nucleoside
triphosphates have two
D) ATP is found only in human cells; the nucleoside triphosphates
are found in all animal and .plant cells
E) triphosphate monomers are active in the nucleoside
triphosphates, but not in ATP
Answer: A
from test bank Campbell
?Which of the following covalently connects segments of
DNA
A) helicase
B) DNA polymerase III
C) ligase
D) DNA polymerase I
E) primase
Answer: C
from test bank Campbell
Which of the following removes the RNA
nucleotides from the primer and addsequivalent
DNA nucleotides to the 3ʹ end of Okazaki fragments
A) helicase
B) DNA polymerase III
C) ligase
D) DNA polymerase I
E) primase
Answer: D
from test bank Campbell
?What is the function of DNA polymerase III
A) to unwind the DNA helix during replication
B) to seal together the broken ends of DNA strands
C) to add nucleotides to the end of a growing DNA strand
D) to degrade damaged DNA molecules
E) to rejoin the two DNA strands (one new and one old) after
replication
Answer: C
from test bank Campbell
At a specific area of a chromosome, the sequence of
nucleotides below is present where the chain opens
to form a replication fork: 3ʹ C C T A G G C T G C A A
T C C 5ʹ An RNA primer is formed starting at the
underlined T (T) of the template. Which of the
following represents ?the primer sequence ʹ
A) 5ʹ G C C T A G G 3 ʹ
B) 3ʹ G C C T A G G 5 ʹ
C) 5ʹ A C G T T A G G 3 ʹ
D) 5ʹ A C G U U A G G 3
E) 5ʹ G C C U A G G 3
Answer: E
from test bank Campbell
The DNA of telomeres has been found to be highly conserved
throughout the evolution (20
?of eukaryotes. What does this most probably reflect
A) the inactivity of this DNA
B) the low frequency of mutations occurring in this DNA
C) that new evolution of telomeres continues
D) that mutations in telomeres are relatively advantageous
E) that the critical function of telomeres must be maintained
Answer: E
from test bank Campbell
The enzyme telomerase solves the problem of replication at the ends of
linear (21
?chromosomes by which method
A) adding a single 5ʹ cap structure that resists degradation by nucleases
B) causing specific double strand DNA breaks that result in blunt ends
on both strands
C) causing linear ends of the newly replicated DNA to circularize
D) adding numerous short DNA sequences such as TTAGGG, which form
a hairpin turn
E) adding numerous GC pairs which resist hydrolysis and maintain
chromosome integrity
 Answer: D
from test bank Campbell
Eukaryotic telomeres replicate differently than the rest of the
chromosome. This is a -22
?consequence of which of the following
A) The evolution of telomerase enzyme
B) DNA polymerase that cannot replicate the leading strand template
to its 5ʹ end
C) Gaps left at the 5ʹ end of the lagging strand because of the need
for a 3ʹ onto which
nucleotides can attach
D) Gaps left at the 3ʹ end of the lagging strand because of the need
for a primer
E) The ʺno endsʺ of a circular chromosome
Answer: C
from test bank Campbell
An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements -23
A) primase, polymerase, ligase
ʹB) 3ʹ RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 5
ʹC) 5ʹ RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 3
D) DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III
ʹE) 5ʹ DNA to 3
Answer: C
from test bank Campbell
Suppose you are provided with an actively dividing culture of E. coli
bacteria to which -24
radioactive thymine has been added. What would happen if a cell
replicates once in the
?presence of this radioactive base
.A) One of the daughter cells, but not the other, would have radioactive
DNA
.B) Neither of the two daughter cells would be radioactive
.C) All four bases of the DNA would be radioactive
.D) Radioactive thymine would pair with nonradioactive guanine
.E) DNA in both daughter cells would be radioactive
Answer: E
from test bank Campbell
What is meant by the description ʺantiparallelʺ regarding the strands
that make up DNA -25
.A) The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands
B) The 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of one strand runs counter to the 5ʹ to 3ʹ
direction of the other
.strand
.C) Base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands
.D) One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged
.E) One strand contains only purines and the other contains only
pyrimidines
Answer: B
from test bank Campbell
In the late 1950s, Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium
containing ʺheavyʺ -26
nitrogen (15N) and then transferred them to a medium containing
14N. Which of the results
?in Figure 16.1 would be expected after one round of DNA replication
in the presence of 14N
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
Answer: D
from test bank Campbell
A space probe returns with a culture of a microorganism found on a
distant planet. -27
Analysis shows that it is a carbon-based life-form that has DNA. You grow
the cells in 15N
medium for several generations and then transfer them to 14N medium.
Which pattern in
?Figure 16.1 would you expect if the DNA was replicated in a
conservative manner
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
Answer: D
from test bank Campbell
Grains represent radioactive material within the replicating eye.
Which is the most likely -28
?interpretation
.A) There are two replication forks going in opposite directions
.B) Thymidine is only being added where the DNA strands are
furthest apart
.C) Thymidine is only added at the very beginning of replication
.D) Replication proceeds in one direction only
Answer: A
from test bank Campbell
For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their
relationship.
(A) The number of purines in the DNA strand 5ʹ-AAGAGGAGAAA-3ʹ
(B) The number of pyrimidines in the DNA strand
5ʹ-AAGAGGAGAAA-3ʹ
A) Item (A) is greater than item (B).
B) Item (A) is less than item (B).
C) Item (A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (B).
D) Item (A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to
item (B).
Answer: A (cample biology)
2-Which of the following is not a polymer?
A) glucose
B) starch
C) cellulose
D) chitin
E) DNA
Answer: A (cample)
Exp: becase the polymers are many
monomer together.
3-What is the chemical mechanism by which cells make polymers from
monomers?
A) phosphodiester linkages
B) hydrolysis
C) dehydration reactions
D) ionic bonding of monomers
E) the formation of disulfide bridges between monomers
Answer: C (cample)
4-For a couple of decades, biologists knew the nucleus contained DNA and
proteins. The
prevailing opinion was that the genetic material was proteins, and not DNA.
The reason for this belief was that proteins are more complex than DNA. What
was the basis of this thinking?
A) Proteins have a greater variety of three-dimensional forms than does DNA.
B) Proteins have two different levels of structural organization; DNA has four.
C) Proteins are made of 40 amino acids and DNA is made of four nucleotides.
D) Some viruses only transmit proteins.
E) A and B are correct.
Answer: A (cample)
4-When T2 phages infect bacteria and make more viruses in the presence of
radioactive
sulfur, what is the result?
A) The viral DNA will be radioactive.
B) The viral proteins will be radioactive.
C) The bacterial DNA will be radioactive.
D) both A and B
E) both A and C
Answer: B (cample)
Exp: because the sulfur work on
dedication of the protein
 5-DNA is made of individual parts known as

A) Nucleotides
B) Riboses
C) RNA's
D) Watson and Cricks
Answer:A

(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5bbd2af9050b46001bfbc184/structure-of-
dna )
 6-DNA has two "parts" - the "outside" is made of
A) bases
B) a sugar-phosphate "backbone"
C) Adenine and Thymine
D) RNA
Answer:B
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5bbd2af905
0b46001bfbc184/structure-of-dna )
 7-Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule
A) double helix
B) contains ribose
C) made of amino acids
D) contains Uracil
Answer:A
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5bbd2af9050b46001
bc184/structure-of-dna)
 8-Why is DNA important
A) It is very small and very complicated
B) It's in everything
C) it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
D) because we eat it every day for energy
Answer:C
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5bbd2af9050
b46001bfbc184/structure-of-dna )
9-A chemical compound in which each molecule is made up of two
or more simpler molecules strung together.
Term
(polymer)
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
Answer:A
(https://quizlet.com/438463566/test )
10-the oxygen-transporting protein in the blood is
called:
Term

(hydrolysis)
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
Answer:A
(https://quizlet.com/438463566/test)
11-The basic building block of proteins; contains a carboxyl group (-COOH) and
an amino group (-NH2).
Term

(Amino acid)
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
Answer: A (https://quizlet.com/438463566/test )
 12-A type of chemical bond that links the nitrogen atom of one amino
acid(anti-codons) with the terminal carbon atom of second amino
acid(codons) in the formation of a peptide bond.
Term

(Peptide Bond)

A) TRUE
B) FALSE
Answer: B (https://quizlet.com/21022906/test )
 13-Compounds that contains carbon and hydrogen (in living things)

A) Polysaccharides
B) Organic Compound (Organic Molecule)
C) Peptide Bond
D) Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Answer: B (https://quizlet.com/21022906/test )
14-Organic molecule composed of smaller units known as monomers. A large
molecule composed of smaller subunits
Ex: starch is a polymer of glucose.
Proteins are polymers of amino acids.

A) Proteins
B) Polymer
C) Nucleotides
D) Peptide Bond
Answer: B (https://quizlet.com/21022906/test )
 15- deoxyribose (DNA)- missng an oxygen at the 2' C.
Ribose (RNA)- pentose sugar with no oxygen missing
Term

RNA vs DNA (sugar)

A) TRUE
B) FALSE
Answer: A
(https://quizlet.com/567283365/tes
t)
 16-(1953) They proposed the structure of DNA and later jointly received a
Nobel Prize in 1962.

A) James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins

B) What is the main database of protein structures?
C) 3 Major Public DNA databases (primary)
D) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Answer: A (https://quizlet.com/567283365/test )
 17-nitrogenous base + sugar

A) Structure of DNA
B) polynucleotide
C) Nucleoside
D) Database
Answer: C (https://quizlet.com/567283365/test )
 18-Structured collection of biological info like DNA/RNA sequences,
Protein sequences/structure, genomes, small molecule-drug databases
and pathways.

A) Phoebus Levane
B) Database
C) Derivative database
D) Primary database
Answer: B (https://quizlet.com/567283365/test )
19- (1928) Studied pneumonia streptococcus bacteria. His experiments
with mice showed that pathogenic S strain bacteria kills the mice and R
does not. When heat killed, the S strain becomes harmless but if heat
killed S strain is administered with live R strain the mouse dies. This
demonstrates that the R cells can be transformed to S cells because some
substance is released from a killed cell that can be acquired by a live cell.

A) RNA vs DNA (sugar)

B) Frederic Griffith
C) R strain vs S strain
D) Rosalind Franklin
 Answer:B (https://quizlet.com/567283365/test )
)
 20- (1944) Continued Griffith's work with R and S strain bacteria and Identified
DNA as the transforming principle

A) Nitrogenous bases in DNA

B) Avery, McCarty, MacLeod
C) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
D) Erwin Chargaff
Answer:B (https://quizlet.com/567283365/test )
 21- The information content of DNA resides in the
Definition
(sequence of its bases)
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
Answer:A
(https://quizlet.com/627208701/test )
 22- Which is more stable, DNA or RNA?
A) sequence of its bases
B) RNA (ribonucleic acid) as their genetic material
1. RNA takes its name from the sugar ribose, which it contains instead of the
deoxyribose found in DNA.
2. RNA has the base uracil (U) instead of the base thymine (T); U, like T, base
pairs with A
3. Most RNA molecules are single-stranded and contain far fewer nucleotides
than the very long DNA molecules found in nuclear chromosomes.
D) DNA is very stable due to the base pairing in it's double helix structure.
RNA is single-stranded and unstable, often folding into various shapes
Answer: D (https://quizlet.com/627208701/test )
 24- This type of mutation in DNA alters just one base in a DNA sequence

A) point mutation
B) translocation
C) Inversion
D) Trisomy
Answer: A
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af001c3fd
3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
 25- In this type of point mutation, one nitrogen base is exchanged for
another, different base

A) substitution
B) insertion
C) deletion
D) translocation
Answer: A
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af0
01c3fd3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
 26- In this type of point mutation, one extra base pair is inserted into a
sequence of DNA

A) substitution
B) insertion
C) deletion
D) translocation
Answer: B
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af001c
3fd3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
 27- In this type of point mutation, one base pair is lost/deleted

A) substitution
B) insertion
C) deletion
D) translocation
Aswer: C
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af001
3fd3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
 28- This class of mutations changes the reading frame for transcription and
translation

A) substitution
B) inversion
C) translocation
D) frameshift
Answer:D
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af00
c3fd3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
 29- This type of mutation occurs when the DNA change creates a
premature STOP codon which truncates the polypeptide

A) silent
B) missense
C) nonsense
D) 6th sense
Aswer: C
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af001
c3fd3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
 30-This type of mutation is possible because certain
codons may code for the same amino acid

A) silent
B) missense
C) nonsense
D) 6th sense
Answer:A
(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5aaade37b491af0
01c3fd3c8/nucleotide-mutations )
DNA replication is ……………

A- Conservative and discontinuous

B- Semiconservative and semi discontinuous
C- Semiconservative and discontinuous
D- Conservative
Correct Answer: B
2- Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

A- Ribosomal RNA- carries aminoacids to the site of protein synthesis

B- Transcription - process by which protein is synthesized
C- Translation - process by which mRNA carries the information from
nucleus to the ribosome
D- Anticodon - site of tRNA molecule that contains complementary bases to
the triple code on the mRNA
Correct Answer: D
3- The type of RNA polymerase controlling DNA replication are

A- 1
B- 2
C- 3
D- 4
Correct Answer: A
4 - In making finger prints, which enzyme, which substance and which techniqu
are used

A- Restriction enzyme, agarose Gel, microscopy

B- Ligase, fluorescent gel, centrifuge
C- Helicase, Lactase, chromatography
D- Restriction enzyme, agarose Gel, electrophoresis
Correct Answer: D
5 - Which of the following are the determinants of IVF technique?

A- Embryo quality
B- Tobacco smoking
C- Body mass Index
D- All of the above
Correct Answer: D
6- During replication of DNA
A- The two daughter molecules develop from both the parental strands
B- RNA functions as template
C- One strand from parent and one strand freshly formed in the two daughter
molecules
D- One daughter receives both the parental strands while the other daughter
receives newly formed strands.
Correct Answer: C
7- An enzymes which does not helps in the replication of DNA is
A- DNA polymerase
B- DNA ligase
C- DNA topoisomerase
D- DNA primase
E- DNA methyltransferase
Correct Answer: E
8- Semiconservative replication of DNA was first demonstrated in
A- Salmonella typhimurium
B- Drosophila melanogaster
C- Escherichia coli
D- Streptococcus pneumonia
Correct Answer: C
9- The codons causing chain termination (stop codons) are
A- TAG, TGA
B- GAT, AGT
C- AGT, TAG, UGA
D- UAG, UGA, UAA
Correct Answer: D
10- Genetic code consists of
A- 4 codons, each with two nucleotides
B- 16 codons, each with four nucleotides
C- 64 codons, each with two nucleotides
D- 64 codons, each with three nucleotides
Correct Answer: D
The one which is capable of self replication is
A- DNA
B- RNA
C- Enzyme
D- Protein
Correct Answer: A
12- If the DNA codons are ATG ATG ATG and a cytosine base is inserted at the
beginning, which of the following will result?
A- nonsense mutation
B- CT TGA TGA TG
C- CAT GAT GAT G
D- CCT GAT GAT G
Correct Answer: C
13- True replication of DNA is possible due to
A- Hydrogen bonding
B- Phosphate backbone.
C- Complementary base pairing rule.
D- None of the above.
Correct Answer: C
14- DNA replication is aided by
A- DNA polymerase only
B- DNA ligase only
C- Both DNA polymerase and ligase
D- RNA polymerase
Correct Answer: A
15- DNA repair in prokaryotes is carried out by
A- Ligase
B- DNA polymerase III
C- DNA polymerase II
D- B+C
Correct Answer: D
16- DNA ligase helps in:
A- Joining segments of DNA
B- Splitting or separation of two strands of DNA
C- Renaturation
D- Denaturation
Correct Answer: A
17- When DNA replication starts
A- The leading strand produces Okazaki fragments.
B- The hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides of two strands break.
C- The phosphodiester bonds between the adjacent nucleotides break.
D- The bonds between the nitrogen base and deoxyribose sugar break.
Correct Answer: B
18- How many nitrogenous bases are there in a codon?
A- 3
B- 2
C- 1
D- 5
Correct Answer: A
19- Which of the following amino acids has hydroxyl methyl group as its R
group?
A- Serine
B- Proline
C- Alanine
D- Arginine
Correct Answer: A
20- The transcription unit extends from
A- TATA box to start point
B- TATA box to stop codon
C- Start point to stop codon
D- 35 sequence to start point
Correct Answer: b
21- Synthesis of any protein in a cell is determined by
A- Types of ribosomes
B- Mitochondria
C- Sequence of nucleotides in DNA
D- Sugar and phosphate of DNA
Correct Answer: C
22- During transcription, the DNA site at which RNA polymerase
binds is called as
A- Promoter
B- Regulator
C- Receptor
D- Enhancer
Correct Answer: A
23- Duplication of DNA is called as
A- Replication
B- Transduction
C- Transcription
D- Translation
Correct Answer: A
24- The process of mRNA synthesis on a DNA is known as
A- Translation
B- Transcription
C- Transduction
D- Transformation
Correct Answer: B
25- A codon in mRNA has
A- 3 bases
B- 2 bases
C- 1 base
D- Number of bases vary
Correct Answer: A
26- Genetic information in a DNA molecule is coded in the
A- Sequence of nucleotides
B- Base pairing
C- Turning pattern of the helix
D- Portion of each base present
Correct Answer: A
27- The direction of DNA replication is
A- From 5' end towards 3' end.
B- From 3' end towards 5' end.
C- Amino terminus to carboxyl terminus.
D- Carboxyl terminus to amino terminus.
Correct Answer: A
28- The process by which DNA of nucleus passes genetic information to mRN
is called
A- Translocation
B- Transcription
C- Translation
D- Transportation
Correct Answer: B
29- DNA polymerase is needed for
A- Replication of DNA
B- Synthesis of DNA
C- Elongation of DNA
D- All of the above
Correct Answer: D
30- Which of the following enzymes is used in DNA
multiplication?
A- RNA polymerase
B- DNA endonuclease
C- Exonuclease
D- DNA polymerase
Correct Answer: D
1_ Structure 2 represents a molecule of:
a. Nuclear DNA c. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
b. messenger RNA d. ribosomal RNA
Answer: b. messenger RNA
2_ An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer.
a. Ligase c. Purine
b. Helicase d. Primase
Answer: d. Primase
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3_Which Type of RNA Functions as a blueprint for DNA?
a. rRNA c. tRNA
b. mRNA d. DNA polymerase
Answer: b.mRNA
 4_using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of translating
protein directly from the DNA is advantageous for the cell because:
a. RNA is much more stable than DNA
b. RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material
c. only one mRNA molecule can be transcribed from a single gene,
lowering the potential rate of gene expression.
d. tRNA, rRNA and others are not transcribed.
 Answer: b. RNA acts as an expendable copy
of the genetic material
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ce=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwi97OjDgpz6AhUIPewKHfGU
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reen.edu%2Fwebpages%2Fcurricular%2F2006-2007%2Fi
nsbio%2Ffiles%2Finsbio%2FW07exam1%2520Key.pdf&u
sg=AOvVaw3QbZRuqFt3AWYw9nq7LXqm
5_ If a person inherited an allele with the same base substitution mutation
from both parents, what sequences could be altered from normal in the
person’s cells?
a. One mRNA base sequence only
b. Two mRNA base sequences only
c. One mRNA base sequence and one polypeptide amino acid sequence only
d. Two mRNA base sequences and two polypeptide amino acid sequences
only
Answer: c. One mRNA base sequence and one
polypeptide amino acid sequence only

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5ce73503d0da4d00
1a7d22ec/ib-biology-unit-3-genetics
6_ which enzyme is used to produce complementary DNA (cDNA) from
mRNA?
a. Restriction endonuclease
b. Reverse transcriptase
c. DNA ligase
d. RNA primase
Answer: b. Reverse transcriptase
7_ Which of the following molecular structures contain codons?
A) a protein
B) mRNA
C) tRNA
D) rRNA
Answer:b. mRNA
Campbell biology test bank
8_ Codons are three-base sequences in mRNA that specify the
addition of a single amino acid to the growing protein chain during
translation. How do eukaryotic codons and prokaryotic codons
compare? A) Prokaryotic codons usually contain different bases than
those of eukaryotes.
B) Prokaryotic codons usually specify different amino acids than those
of eukaryotes.
C) The translation of codons is mediated by tRNAs in eukaryotes, but
translation requires no intermediate molecules such as tRNAs in
prokaryotes.
D) Codons are a nearly universal language among all organism
Answer: d. Codons are a nearly universal language
among all organism
Campbell biology test bank
9_ Which of the following statements correctly describes a ribozyme?
A) It is a catalyst that uses RNA as a substrate.
B) It is an RNA with catalytic activity.
C) It is an enzyme that catalyzes the association between the large and
small ribosomal subunits.
D) It is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA as part of the transcription
process.
Answer: B. It is an RNA with catalytic activity
Campbell biology test bank
10_ Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is
correct?
A) Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
B) Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.
C) RNA splicing can be catalyzed by tRNA.
D) A primary transcript is often much shorter than the final RNA
molecule that leaves the nucleus.
Answer: B. Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing
Campbell biology bank
Use the figure to answer the question:
What type of bonding is responsible for maintaining the shape of the
tRNA molecule shown in the figure?
A) ionic bonding between phosphates
B) Hydrogen bonding between base pairs
C) van der Waals interactions between hydrogen atoms
D) Peptide bonding between amino acids
Answer: B. Hydrogen bonding between base pairs
Campbell biology test bank
Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?
A) Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
B) Nucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA.
C) Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.
D) RNA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes.
Answer: A. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the
nucleus.
Campbell biology test bank
13_ what’s the differences between the sugars found in DNA and RNA?
a. RNA contains glucose
b. RNA contains deoxyribose
c. RNA contains sucrose
d. RNA contains Ribose
Answer : d. RNA contains Ribose
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1ca530f0/rna-types-and-structure
14_ What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a. RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b .RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c. RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d. RNA contains uracil in place of cytosine
 Answer: a. RNA contains uracil in place of
thymine
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d9001ca530f0/rna-types-and-structure
15_ Which of the following is not a difference in DNA and RNA?
a. DNA uses Deoxyribose and RNA uses Ribose
b. DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded
c. DNA uses Uracil and RNA uses Thymine
d. DNA uses Thymine and RNA uses Uracil
Answer: c. DNA uses Uracil and RNA uses Thymine
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30f0/rna-types-and-structure
16_ The nitrogen base pairs for RNA are
a. A-T C-G
b. A-U C-G
c. A-C T-G
d. T -U G-C
Answer: b. A-U C-G
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ca530f0/rna-types-and-structure
17_ RNA carries a copy of the DNA blueprint (instructions) from the
nucleus to the ___
a. nucleus
b. cell membrane
c. vacuole
d. ribosome
Answer: d. ribosome
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a530f0/rna-types-and-structure
18_which of these labels matches the structure of the partial RNA
strand shown?
a. 1.phosphate;11.ribose;111.nitrogen base
b. 1.phosphate;11.nitrogen base;111.ribose
c. 1.nitrogen base;11.phosphate;111.ribose
d. 1.ribose;11.nitrogen base;111.phosphate
Answer : a. 1.phosphate;11.ribose;111.nitrogen
base
Final exam 2016/2017
19_ RNA contains repeating units of
(a) deoxyribonucleotides
(b) ribonucleotides
(c) deoxyribonucleosides
(d) ribonucleosides
Answer: (b)
https://byjus.com/neet/mcqs-on-structure-of-rna
/
20_

Which of following RNA characteristically contains unusual

purines and pyrimidmes?
rRNA
nRNA
mRNA
tRNA
Answer: d.tRNA
 21_ Which of the following is the smallest of the RNAs?
1.
0. Messenger RNA
A. Transfer RNAs
B. Ribosomal RNAs
C. All of these
Answer: B
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g/mcqs/rna-structure/
22_Which of the following is not a base of RNA?
a) Thymine (T)
b) Adenine (A)
c) Cytosine (C)
d) Guanine (G)
Answer: a. Thymine (T)
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questions-answers-types-rna-structures/
23_thymine in DNA is replaced by :
a. Guanine in RNA
b. Adenine in RNA
c. Cytosine in RNA
d. Uracil in RNA
Answer: d. Uracil in RNA
https://www.mcqbiology.com/2012/11/mcq-on-n
ucleic-acid-rna.html
24_ Identify the correct statement regarding the function of
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
a) messenger RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of proteins
b) tRNA serves as the adapter molecule for the addition of amino acids
and elongation of the peptide chain
c) ribosomal RNA serves as machinery for protein synthesis
d) All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
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ecular-biology-dna-rna-protein-mcq.html
25_ Which of the following statement is NOT true regarding
transcription/RNA synthesis?
a) RNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus
b) Unlike DNA synthesis, the only selective sequence of DNA is
transcribed to RNA
c) RNA synthesis requires a short stretch of RNA primers
d) DNA sequences, specific proteins, and small RNAs regulate RNA
synthesis.
Answer: c. RNA synthesis requires a
short stretch of RNA primers
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018/09/molecular-biology-dna-rna-pro
tein-mcq.html
26_ The pentose sugar moieties are the primary structural difference
between DNA and RNA. In addition which of the following is primarily
associated with RNA molecule?
a) RNA consists of thymine instead of uracil
b) RNA molecules are highly branched structure
c) RNA molecules have higher structural complexities
d) RNA molecules are anti-parallel and double-stranded
Answer: a) RNA consists of thymine instead of
uracil
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9/molecular-biology-dna-rna-protein-mcq.ht
ml
27_ In prokaryotes, RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of:
a) mRNA
b) rRNA
c) tRNA
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
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2018/09/molecular-biology-dna-rna-
protein-mcq.html
28_ RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of RNA by
adding nucleotide monophosphate and release of
pyrophosphate for nucleotide triphosphate. RNA
polymerase
a) consists of 5'-3' exonuclease activity
b) lacks 3'-5' endonuclease activity
c) is a high fidelity enzyme
d) All of the above
Answer: b) lacks 3'-5' endonuclease
activity
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018/09/molecular-biology-dna-rna-prot
ein-mcq.html
29_ In eukaryotes, the RNA synthesis process is more complex than
in prokaryotes. The RNA synthesis process is regulated by
chromatin structure, upstream and downstream sequences, binding
partners, etc. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the
transcription process in eukaryotes?
a) Most actively transcribed genes are found in a loosely relaxed
form of chromatin called euchromatin
b) The most inactive segment of DNA is found in compact
chromatin structure called heterochromatin
c) Histone modification such as methylation, and acetylation
regulate the RNA transcription by modulating chromatin structure
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
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09/molecular-biology-dna-rna-protein-mcq.
html
30_ In eukaryotes, three different RNA polymerases are involved in the
synthesis of a different class of RNAs namely: rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA.
The RNA polymerase that is required for the synthesis of mRNA is
a) RNA polymerase I
b) RNA polymerase II
c) RNA polymerase III
d) None of the above
Answer: b) RNA polymerase II
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com/2018/09/molecular-biology-
dna-rna-protein-mcq.html
31_ Molecules which play the key role in the transfer of genetic
information during protein synthesis are:
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) Nucleic acid
d)lipids
Answer: b) RNA
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D8%A9-alkof%D8%A9/biochemistry/rna-structu
re-mcq-jjjjjjj/26466859
32_Which of the following RNA molecule convert information stored
in the nucleic acid to protein?
a) mRNA
b) snRNA
c) rRNA
d) tRNA
Answer: d. tRNA
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nt/jamaa%D8%A9-alkof%D8%A9/bi
ochemistry/rna-structure-mcq-jjjjjjj/2
6466859
33_Which of the following is an incorrect statement about m-RNA?
a) Cap is added to the 5’ end
b) Introns are removed and exons are spliced together
c) Histone mRNAs lack 5’ cap
d) Poly-A tail is added to the 3’ end
 Answer: b. Introns are removed and exons are
together
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D8%A9-alkof%D8%A9/biochemistry/rna-structu
re-mcq-jjjjjjj/26466859
34_Which one of the following best describes the cap modification of
eukaryotic mRNA?
a) Modified guanine nucleotide added to the 3’ end of the transcript
b) Modified guanine nucleotide added to the 5’ end of the transcript
c) String of adenine nucleotides added to the 3’ end of the transcript
d) String of adenine nucleotides added to the 5’ end of the transcript
Answer: b. Modified guanine nucleotide added to the
5’ end of the transcript
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%A9-alkof%D8%A9/biochemistry/rna-structure-mc
q-jjjjjjj/26466859
35_ 5’-Terminus of mRNA molecule is capped with Select one:

a. Adenosine triphosphate
b. Guanosine triphosphate
c. Adenosine diphosphate
d. 7-Methylguanosine triphosphate
Answer: d. 7-Methylguanosine triphosphate
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8%A9-alkof%D8%A9/biochemistry/rna-structure-
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1. Of the following functions, the major purpose of RNA is to……..
● transmit genetic information to offspring.
● function in the synthesis of protein.
● make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity.
● act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNA.
1. Which of the following best describes the flow of information in eukaryotic ce
lls?
● DNA → RNA → proteins
● RNA → proteins → DNA
● proteins → DNA → RNA
● RNA → DNA → proteins
(Campbell test bank)
Explanation: -
Each gene along a DNA molecule directs synthesis of a type of RNA called
messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA molecule interacts with the cell’s
protein-synthesizing machinery to direct production of a polypeptide, which
folds into all or part of a protein.
(Campbell test bank)
What is the function of the process shown which occurs during eukaryotic
protein synthesis?
● A final protein product is being produced at the end of translation.
● Unnecessary segments of the mRNA transcript are being removed prior
to the start of translation.
● Spliceosomes and snRNPs are excising exons and producing a final
mRNA transcript.
● A mutation is being repaired by enzymes before translation begins.
)
Explanation: -
Eukaryotes genes are split genes i.e., the presence of introns and exons. During the
synthesis, the premRNA is synthesized which is converted into mature
mRNA. Splicing is the removal of introns from the primary transcript and ligation of
exons to form a continuous sequence specifying a functional polypeptide and is
mediated by a set of snRNPs together forming spliceosomes.
(https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/what-is-the-function-of-the-process-shown
-which-occurs-during-eukaryotic-protein-synthesis/)
1. Using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of
translating proteins directly from
the DNA is advantageous for the cell because
● RNA is much more stable than DNA.
● RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material.
● only one mRNA molecule can be transcribed from a single gene, loweri
ng the potential rate of gene expression.
● tRNA, rRNA and others are not transcribed.
(Campbell test bank)
1. Which of these is the function of a poly (A) signal sequence?
● It adds the poly (A) tail to the 3ʹ end of the mRNA.
● It codes for a sequence in eukaryotic transcripts that signals
enzymatic cleavage ~10 —35 nucleotides away.
● It allows the 3ʹ end of the mRNA to attach to the ribosome.
● It is a sequence that codes for the hydrolysis of the RNA
Polymerase.
(Campbell test bank)
1. A part of the promoter, called the TATA box, is said to be highly conserved in
evolution. Which might this illustrate?
● The sequence evolves very rapidly.
● The sequence does not mutate.
● Any mutation in the sequence is selected against.
● The sequence is found in many but not all promoters.
● (Campbell test bank)
1. This is considered to be the start codon
● AGG
● UAG
● GUG
● AUG
● (https://byjus.com/neet/mcqs-on-protein-synthesis/)
1. During chain elongation, peptide bond is formed between a carboxylic group of
1st amino acid and an amino group of 2nd amino acid is catalyzed by
● Aminoacyl transferase
● Aminoacyl syntheses
● Peptidyl transferase
● Chloramphenicol
(https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/during-chain-elongation-peptide-bon
d-is-formed-between-a-carboxylic-group-of-1st-amino-acid/)
2.
The organelle labeled Z represents a
● Ribosome
● Nucleus
● Mitochondria
● Golgi body
(https://www.rhnet.org/site/default.aspx?PageType=3&ModuleInstanceID=4
122&ViewID=C9E0416E-F0E7-4626-AA7B-C14D59F72F85&RenderLoc=0&Flex
DataID=20237&PageID=21452&Comments=true)
1. The kind of genes an organism possesses is dependent upon the
● type of proteins in the organism’s nuclei
● sequence of bases in the organism’s DNA
● number of ribosomes in the organism’s cytoplasm
● size of the mitochondria in the organism’s cells
(https://www.rhnet.org/site/default.aspx?PageType=3&ModuleInstance
ID=4122&ViewID=C9E0416E-F0E7-4626-AA7B-C14D59F72F85&RenderLo
c=0&FlexDataID=20237&PageID=21452&Comments=true
1. Which of the following is (are) true of snRNPs?

● They are made up of both DNA and RNA.

● They bind to splice sites at each end of the exon.
● They join together to form a large structure called the
Spliceosome.
● They act only in the cytosol.
(Campbell test bank)
1. During splicing, which molecular component of the spliceosome catalyzes the
xcision reaction?
● protein
● DNA
● RNA
● Lipid
(Campbell test bank)
1. Each eukaryotic mRNA, even after post-transcriptional modification, includes 5ʹ a
nd 3ʹ UTRs. Which are these?

● the cap and tail at each end of the mRNA

● the untranslated regions at either end of the coding
sequence
● the U attachment sites for the tRNAs
● the U translation sites that signal the beginning of
translation
(Campbell test bank)
1. A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a
ribosome: 5^' CCG-ACG 3' (mRNA). The following charged transfer RNA molecule
(with their anticodons shown in the 3' to 5^' direction) are available. Two of them
can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form.
The dipeptide that will form will be
● cysteine-alanine.
● proline-threonine.
● glycine-cysteine.
● alanine-alanine.
(Campbell test bank)
1. In the structural organization of many eukaryotic genes, individual exons may
be related to which of the following?

● the sequence of the intron that immediately precedes each exon

● the number of polypeptides making up the functional protein
● the various domains of the polypeptide product
● the number of restriction enzyme cutting sites
(Campbell test bank)
1. Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this
DNA strand: AACTGAA
● UUGACUU
● TTGACTT
● AACTGAA
● AACUGAA
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nthesis?source=HeroSearchBar&page=FeaturedPage&searchLocale=&fro
mSearch=true)
1. When does DNA Replication take place?
● Interphase
● Mitosis
● Meiosis
● Nucleus
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s?source=HeroSearchBar&page=FeaturedPage&searchLocale=&fromSearch=tru
e)
1. Amino acids form a polypeptide chain that is then folded up to form a protein,
what type of bond holds together a polypeptide chain?
● Hydrogen Bonds
● Polypeptide Bonds
● Nitrogen Bonds
● Carbon Bonds

(https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/626b14673cf7f4001e355c52/protein-synthesis?ty
pe=quiz&searchIn=all_quizzes&subject=All&grade=all&sortKey=_score&queryId=6
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1. This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
● Anticodon
● Codon
● Protein
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sis?type=quiz&searchIn=all_quizzes&subject=All&grade=all&sortKey=_score&
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Search=true)
1. Once transcribed, eukaryotic mRNA typically undergoes substantial alterati
on that includes
● union with ribosomes.
● fusion into circular forms known as plasmids.
● linkage to histone molecules.
● excision of introns.
(Campbell test bank)